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Structure in Architecture Professional and Technical Studies DESN22064

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  ‘What the engineer sees as a

structure, the architect sees

as a sculpture. Actually, ofcourse, it is both.’ 

-Sir Ove Arup 

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Content

• Types of Architectural Structure

- Post and Beam

- Cantilever

- Tensile

- Arch and Dome

- Trusses

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Building System 

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Types of Building Structure 

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Post and Beam

• A type of building frame in whichroof and floor beams rest directlyover wall posts.

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Natural round columns, and glulam beams

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Sawn and dressed hardwood post and beams

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Architectural Structures

Glue laminated posts, beams, and wall and flooring panels

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Architectural Structures

Composite steel and timber posts with timber beams, floors and screens

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Portal frames Portal frames can be used in timber based commercial and industrial buildingconstruction with clear spans of 15 to 30 metres. They provide large clear spans andgood height clearance for use in a range of applications.

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Cantilever

• A projecting structure, such asa beam, that is supported atone end and carries a load atthe other end or along itslength.

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Tensile

• A tensile structure is aconstruction of elements carryingonly tension and no compressionor bending.

• Tensile membrane structures are

most often used as roofs as theycan economically and attractivelyspan large distances

• Tension roofs or canopies arethose in which every part of thestructure is loaded only intension, with no requirement toresist compression or bendingforces. Vandenberg; page 6

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• Membrane

• Cable Net

• Paraboloid

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• The arch is one of the oldeststructural forms for spanning anydistance. It is essentially a twodimensional structural systemwith all of its strength in the planeof the arch.

- Dome structures extend theprincipal of the arch byintroducing a third dimension. Thedome is a very efficient structuralsystem for carrying vertical loadsand can result in the most slenderof timber structural systems.

Arch and Domes

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Arch and Domes

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Arch and Domes

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Arch and Domes

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Arch and Domes

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Hand nailed green hardwood arches, framed as curved boxed trusses

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Curved glue laminated arches

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Arches

Bolted sawn hardwood arches

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Arches

Bedford Square, London

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Geodesic Dome

• A geodesic dome is a sphere-like structure composed of acomplex network of triangles.The triangles create a self-bracing framework that gives

structural strength while usinga minimum of material.

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Glulam softwood compression and steel tension dome elements

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Monolithic Dome

• A Monolithic Dome is a one-piece structure made withconcrete and rebar (ridgedsteel rods).

• Monolithic Domes use half asmuch concrete and steel astraditional buildings.

• The curved shape of the domemakes it resistant to wind andstorm damage.

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Monolithic Dome

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- Truss is a structure comprising one ormore triangular units constructed withstraight slender members whose endsare connected at joints referred to asnodes.

- The long span capabilities of trussescan offer designers the flexibility of floorlayouts without interior supports. Mosttrusses are pre-fabricated to standarddesigns using pressed metal nail plates,providing versatility in design, economy,fast delivery, and ease of erection.

Trusses

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Truss grid

Glue laminated truss grid

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Tapering plywood box beam rafters, sawn timber primary trusses on hardwood posts

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Heavy glulam trusses and roof

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Post, beams and trusses

Glulam columns, roof frame and trussed wind posts

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Thank You