Strategic white paper - LGS Innovationslgsinnovations.com/wp-content/uploads/DoD-VoIP-V3.pdf ·...
Transcript of Strategic white paper - LGS Innovationslgsinnovations.com/wp-content/uploads/DoD-VoIP-V3.pdf ·...
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LgS DoD Voip SoLution with 5060 ip caLL SerVer
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[ 1 ] i n t r o D u ct i o n & oV e rV i ew 03
1.1 LGS – Dedicated to Serving the U.S. Government Community 03
1.2 Switching Systems Transformation from TDM to Internet Protocol (IP) 03
1.3 ALU 5060 IP Call Server Switching System & Benefits with IMS 04
1.4 Introduction to IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) Standard 06
1.5 Topics Covered 07
[ 2 ] D eSc r i pt i o n o f 5 0 6 0 i p ca L L S e rV e r Sw i tc h i n g 0 8
SySt e m fo r D o D u c r 20 0 8
2.1 DoD Unified Capabilities Requirements 08
2.2 Integrated ALU 5060 ICS Solution with Georedundancy 09
2.3 Geographic Redundancy Configuration and Advantages 13
2.4 Customer Premises Vendor Equipment Integrated in LGS Solution 16
2.5 Example of Telephony Services - System Hardware and Software Features 17
2.6 Services Supporting the LGS solution 18
[ 3 ] a p p e n D i x 2 1
3.1 5ESS TDM Switch Architect 21
3.2 Abbreviations 22
tabLe of contentS
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1 .1 LgS i n n oVat i o n S - n e t wo r K i n g & co m m u n i cat i o n S So Lu t i o n S
LGS Innovations delivers next generation solutions that solve the most complex networking and communications challenges
facing the U.S. Federal Government, state and local governments, foreign governments, and commercial enterprises. LGS offers
groundbreaking research and development and builds advanced wireless, optical, and wired products and applications custom-
ized for specific mission environments. These solutions provide unique information and security advantages that lead to the
operational success of its customers.
Whether the need lies in the United States, allied countries, or high threat areas around the globe, LGS Innovations has repeat-
edly delivered innovation, quality, and technical excellence with secure, reliable, standards-based solutions for its customers.
LGS is uniquely equipped to meet its customers’ requirements to research, design, build, and support networking and commu-
nications solutions that transform their ability to quickly and securely send and receive information of all kinds – anywhere, at
any time, on any device.
LGS is headquartered in Herndon, Virginia, with offices in Colorado, Illinois, Maryland, New Jersey, New Mexico, and
North Carolina.
1 . 2 Sw i tc h i n g SySt e m S t ra n S fo r m at i o n f r o m t D m to i n t e r n e t
p r oto co L ( i p )
The U.S. Government’s voice and data networks continue to provide high quality telecommunications and data services.
The voice switching systems, including End Office (Class 5) Switches and Private Branch Exchanges (PBXs), meet the U.S.
Government switching requirements and provide high quality, secure, high availability communications. These Time Division
Multiplexed (TDM) switching systems continue to be a viable solution for U.S. Government networks. A brief overview of the
architecture of the Alcatel-Lucent’s 5ESS switching system (End Office and Multifunction Switch) is given in Appendix 3.1.
The development of Softswitch or Next-Generation Network (NGN) technology has enabled switching systems to support packet
voice, or Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) services, delivered over data networks that are engineered to support high quality
of service (QOS). The movement of voice services to IP protocols (IPv4 and IPv6) enables the long term goal of convergence
of the voice and data networks; however, it also raises many challenges in Information Assurance, data network enhancement,
QOS management, network migration, etc.
The existing Softswitches or Next-Generation Network (NGN) Switches are an interim step in IP transformation, since they
have developed from non-standard, proprietary implementations and do not have the flexibility and industry standardized
interfaces to support a full range of services including web, multimedia (concurrent voice, data and video), legacy Intelligent
Network (IN), mobility and others. This white paper discusses the evolution to an open industry standard for managing mul-
timedia communications and IP Multimedia Subsystems (IMS), and describes the Alcatel-Lucent switching system and 5060
IP Call Server (5060 ICS), that support both NGN and multimedia services in this standard. Also described is the DoD Unified
Capabilities Local Session Controller based on the 5060 ICS.
1. introDuction & oVerView
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Network Convergence Drives E-Government
The convergence of voice and data networks is a long term objective for e-Government, enterprise networks, and the commercial
service providers. The benefits of convergence include one network to support:
• Interactive Multimedia Services/Applications
• Ability of end users to access information/data bases and web services
• Integrated and Centralized Network Management assisted by MPLS and other protocols
• Unified approach to Security/Information Assurance
• Consolidated Network Operations, Data/Service Centers, Storage and Servers
• Enhance Continuity of Operations & Disaster Recovery
• Reduce Life Cycle Management Costs (maintenance, power, etc)
• Increased efficiency when Services concurrently share IP Transport
• QOS management to assure critical communications and real time services
• Engineering and Maintenance Staff specialized to one Network Technology
Convergence to all IP networks in Government and Industry has already extended over a number of years and will continue for
many years into the future. As IP based switches are introduced and networks are modernized, traditional users will be migrated
from Class 5 switches and TDM-based PBXs to NGN/IMS-based switches, and new customers will be added directly to the
NGN/IMS switches. Service Providers networks will be supported over broadband cable and fiber networks offering Voice over
Broadband (VoBB) services usually as part of a bundle of services including Triple Play Services (TPS).
Enterprises have been early adopters of VoIP switching. Now Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) modernization is driv-
ing the advancement of the IP switching technologies and the development of cost effective IP terminals. PSTN modernization
refers to primary line services that are delivered using traditional endpoints or new IP endpoints over an IMS/NGN network.
PSTN modernization refers not only to traditional analog phones connected via twisted pair to a Voice Gateway in the Access
Network (a network-based approach), but also to phones connected to an Analog Terminal Adaptor (ATA) embedded in the CPE
like a Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) modem, Residential Gateway, or Gigabit Passive Optical Network (GPON) Optical Network
Termination (ONT). It also refers to telephony services provided via SIP phones (IP Phones) or soft clients within a PC, where these
IP endpoints provide primary line services and therefore replace the traditional phone. During the migration of Enterprise and
Service Provider TDM switches to IP, the TDM switches will initially be consolidated as the number of remaining users dimin-
ishes. The consolidation will help to manage maintenance costs on the TDM switches, but, as the systems age and the number
of users decline, the maintenance costs will eventually increase and will ultimately lead to the elimination of the TDM Switches
– and eventually the PSTN network.
1 . 3 a Lu 5 0 6 0 i p ca L L S e rV e r Sw i tc h i n g SySt e m & b e n e f i tS w i t h i m S
This white paper will cover switching system IP transformation with the ALU 5060 IP Call Server (5060 ICS). The 5060 ICS realizes a stan-
dards-based Voice and Video over IP (VVoIP) solution implemented in the Industry’s open standard, IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), for
converged voice, data and video, or multimedia, communications. The 5060 ICS offers a compact implementation of basic, scalable NGN
VoIP telephony in the IMS standard that can be enhanced with standardized applications to support full IMS blended communications.
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The blended communications include new IP Session Initiation
Protocol (SIP) multimedia services, which interwork with
Web services, Legacy Intelligent Network (IN) services and
new Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) entertainment ser-
vices. IMS Networks, including the ALU 5060 IP Call Server,
are currently being deployed in Service Provider networks.
As an example AT&T is using the IMS architecture and
ALU products to support its IP-based AT&T U-verse Voice
service, a Triple Play blended Voice, Data and IPTV offer
with an on-line portal for managing user communications.
As another example, Verizon and AT&T have also com-
mitted to introduce 4th Generation (4G) mobile/wireless
systems with ALU network elements in the IMS standard.
Figure 1.1 shows two 5060 ICS shelves in one cabinet, and gives
selected properties of this carrier grade switching system.
The ALU 5060 ICS is positioned to support the enterprise
switching requirements of U.S. Government Organizations. It is
highly scalable and can grow in capacity to support the largest
of these Organizations. The 5060 ICS supports georedundant
configurations where two separate, well interconnected sys-
tems operate in active-active standby, each having the capacity
in the case of an outage to support the full user bases at the two
protected switching locations. For instance, two Government
Locations in the same Agency or DoD Component (or in co-
operating Agencies/Components) can use the georedundancy
feature to provide back up communications for each other.
Should a failure (or disaster incident) occur at one location
with its 5060 ICS, the 5060 ICS Switch at the second location
can quickly provide full switching services to both locations.
Similarly, georedundancy features can support large, well
interconnected Government campus locations with critical
missions. Sharing back up communications between locations
provides cost efficiency, uniformity of services, minimized
sparing, and uniformity in maintenance and technical support.
The ALU 5060 ICS supports VVoIP calling for Enterprises and
supports European Telecommunications Standards Institute
(ETSI) and American National Standards Institute (ANSI) stan-
dards for wired and wireless access technologies. The 5060
ICS resolves the dilemma between supporting VoIP services
with either next-generation network (NGN) or IP multimedia
subsystem (IMS) standards by providing an NGN-like approach
with the benefits of IMS. Built to SIP/IMS standards, the 5060
ICS allows enterprises to introduce Voice over IP with the ease
of a simple NGN, then quickly and easily evolve to future IMS
blended multimedia (voice, video and data) services.
The 5060 ICS is a full carrier grade system with 1:1 redun-
dancy of all processing units in each self. All of the IMS
standards-based session control functionalities are provided
from a single product including the Proxy-Call Session Control
Function (P-CSCF), Interrogating-CSCF (I-CSCF), Serving-CSCF
(S-CSCF) and Emergency-CSCF (E-CSCF). The 5060 ICS
has Integrated Policy Management, Telecommunications and
Internet Protocol Harmonization over Networks (TISPAN) and
3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP/3GPP2) compli-
ance, including enhancements to support Network Attachment
Subsystem (NASS) and Resource and Admission Control
Subsystem (RACS). The 5060 IP Call Server supports IPv6,
thus meeting Government IPv6 compliance requirements and
solving the problem of exhausting IPv4 addresses. It incorpo-
rates embedded network adaptation for efficient global network
fit, including the Media Gateway Control Function (MGCF)
protocol for Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) and
Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) access, and the Access
Gateway Control Function (AGCF) protocol for H.248 access.
The switching solution is implemented in two separate shelves
in one cabinet, providing 50 percent savings in cabinets and
floor space. The Subscriber Locator Function (SLF) ensures the
ability to find a customer’s information regardless of the shelf
on which it is placed. By combining the full NGN functions
in a single product, the number of elements in the network is
reduced and Capital Expenditures (CAPEX) are saved.
Figure 1.1 | 5060 IP Call Servers (5060 ICSs)
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The primary benefits of the DoD VVoIP solution based on the
5060 IP Call Server are:
• Open standards-based Assured Services SIP, IMS imple-
mentation
• Voice, Video, Multimedia, Web, Presence, 3rd Party
Services available
• Supports Interactive/Session Aware Services /Applications
• IMS Standards provide QOE & Policy Management
• Class 5 reliability, > 5 9s availability
• IPv6, Secure Real Time Protocol (SRTP), Transport Layer
Security (TLS) support (secure)
• Simple, easy to operate and maintain
• One # for Remote Technical Support, 866-582-3688
• A solution that can grow with the DoD User
• Local Session Controller features under UCR 2008
• Geographic Redundancy supporting regional/campus
solutions
The equipment and services capabilities described in this
white paper could be purchased and deployed by the DoD
Components as enterprise switching equipment supporting
user groups at individual, campus and Regional locations.
Alternately, the VoIP and added multimedia services could
be obtained as enterprise services from Public or Government
Service Providers, which have deployed this equipment to
offer Enterprise Services Subscriptions to the U.S. Government
under contracted SLAs. The remainder of this white paper will
briefly review the underlying IMS standard in Section 1.4,
and then will cover in more depth in Section 2.0 the solution
architecture with the 5060 IP Call Server for deployment in the
enterprise networks of U.S. Government DoD Organizations.
1 .4 i n t r o D u ct i o n to i p m u Lt i m e D i a
S u b SySt e m ( i m S) Sta n Da r D
IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) is a services management
architecture that is widely accepted as an Industry standard. It
supports advanced services across fixed and mobile assets. For
service providers it is located in the service control domain of
their core network. The mobile standards adopt IMS for 4G and
3G systems, which are defined by 3GPP and 3GPP2 [the Global
System for Mobile Communications (GSM) and Code Division
Multiple Access (CDMA) mobile standards bodies]. The fixed
standard is defined by the European Telecommunications
Standards Institute (ETSI) Telecommunications and Internet
Converged Services for Advanced Networks (TISPAN) stan-
dard. And the cable standard is defined by CableLabs® in
PacketCable™ 2.0. The IMS standardization activities have
been merged to ensure continued alignment. This means
that with IMS, service providers gain a standardized way to
deliver advanced services seamlessly across fixed and mobile
networks, and enterprises can leverage these services and/
or switching systems over time to grow their capabilities and
broaden user support. IMS is designed to support a rich ser-
vices offering. To this end, it is defined as a decomposed archi-
tecture with clear separation between the various network
layers of terminals/subscribers, access, core control functions,
applications and databases. The IMS architecture is illustrated
in Figure 1.2 below.
Rather than the many point solutions illustrated by the vertical
bars on the left of the Figure, under IMS the control layer is
service-independent, enabling full reuse control layer capacity
Figure 1.2 | IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) Standard
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at any time as part of the continually evolving service mix. In addition, it provides much more than just Session Initiation Protocol
(SIP) services. It also includes extensive interworking with Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN), Public Land Mobile
Network (PLMN) and Internet Protocol (IP) interconnection points. This means that an IMS core network investment allows the
service provider to serve SIP enterprise and residential users and gain extensive service interworking with the existing customer
base and service offering. U.S. Government DoD Components, as Enterprises, can also directly deploy these capabilities as they
did with a PBX or Class 5 switch. With IMS multimedia communication services are blended across access networks spanning
multiple devices in real time, taking into account user’s personalized preferences. The shared, re-usable network functionality of
the IMS standard allows new scalable services to be launched quickly, repeatedly and economically.
The application layer is a key component of IMS. All applications leverage a common database standard, so that the same user
information is available and current for all applications. Standardized Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) are defined and
application enablement features are available to facilitate the integration of 3rd party services from the ecosystem of applications
developers. The added services capability takes the form of advanced application servers that rely on best-in-class information
technology (IT) and web technologies to enable service providers and enterprises to effectively support web services. Approaches
include:
• A capability-based approach where a range of advanced functions, such as presence, network based address books, push-
to-X services and click-to-X services, are delivered as flexible functions designed for fast and easy integration into a set of
advanced applications
• A Java-based service delivery environment that enables easy blending of IMS services, and web functionality, into a unique
end-user experience
• Support for state-of-the-art Web 2.0 functions, such as web widgets, and other technologies that enable service providers and
enterprises to deliver a personalized, dynamic web experience
IMS is designed to be access network independent, which ensures various IP-enabled services interoperate across various access
networks (e.g., LAN, Cellular (2G/3G/4G), WiFi, WiMAX, DSL, etc.) and across various devices (e.g., cell phones, desk phones,
notebook computers, PDAs, etc.). It relies upon standardized signaling protocols, Session Initiation Protocol (SIP), and traffic
protocols, Real Time Protocol/Secure Real Time Protocol (RTP/SRTP), and provides a common framework for interworking,
registration, session control, quality of service, and accounting/administration. IMS provides an open, flexible standards-based
framework for the next generation of converged network technology, and a solution option for long term US Government DoD
network evolution. A large industry investment is being made in these technologies, which will afford new opportunities for the
application of Commercial technology in US Government networks.
1 . 5 to p i cS coV e r e D
Section 2 of this whitepaper will expand on the ALU 5060 IP Call Server in describing its architecture, benefits and features for
direct application in U.S. Government DoD Component Organizations.
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2 .1 D o D u n i f i e D ca pa b i L i t i eS r eq u i r e m e n tS
The Voice and Video over Internet Protocol (VVoIP) architecture under the DoD Unified Capabilities Requirements (UCR) are
illustrated in Figure 2.1 below. This UCR “Figure 4-14, SBU Hybrid Circuit Switched and VVoIP Design,” is taken from the UCR
2008 (December 2008 signed version).
The Base Level Real Time Services (RTS) Architecture, which includes configurations with independent Local Session Controllers
(LSC) and master LSCs/Softswitches (SS), is identified in the UCR 2008 (“Figure 4-23, B/P/C/S-Level Voice over IP LSC Designs”).
This figure is reproduced as Figure 2.2 below. The third architecture at the bottom of the figure introduces a two tier LSC clus-
ter consisting of a Master LSC and lower tier subordinate LSCs. The master retains service order (or subscriber provisioning)
information for all of the users in the regional service domain. The master LSC pair communicates through the EBC pair to the
Multifunction Softswitch (MFSS). The master LSC pair also provides robust trunk access to the PSTN and the Time Division
Multiplexed (TDM) portion of the DISN (or DSN) through the Media Gateway pair. This architecture permits campus and regional
UC switching with the georedundant master LSCs, and these architectures minimize the total lifecycle costs for the switching
systems, spares, maintenance and warranty as well as for the trunked interconnections. Subordinate single LSCs and/or local
Media Gateways (MGWs) can also be deployed at DoD Bases where calling patterns, connectivity limitations, and UCR 2008 or
end user requirements call for them.
2. DeScription of 5060 ip caLL SerVer Switching SyStem for DoD ucr 2008
Figure 2.1 | SBU Hybrid Circuit Switched and VVoIP Design (in UCR 2008 Fig 4-14)
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2 . 2 i n t eg rat e D a Lu 5 0 6 0 i cS So Lu t i o n w i t h g eo r e D u n Da n cy
The ALU Local Session Controller solution deploys the 5060 IP Call Server (ICS), which supports the IP Multimedia Systems
(IMS) standard. This IMS standard uses Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) signaling, and supports Voice and Video over
IP (VVoIP), including SIP-based video applications such as peer-to-peer video telephony and video streaming. A variety
of enhanced video/multimedia services can also be provided including video mail, video chat and video conferencing in
support of DoD requirements. The IMS standard is being widely adopted in core networks of commercial service provid-
ers to support converged wireline and wireless services as well as broadband cable and fiber base services. A large num-
ber of interactive multimedia services are being introduced under the IMS standard. By using the 5060 IP ICS, the U.S.
Government DoD affords itself access to the new services from these large Commercial Industry investments and future proofs
its systems to enable the incorporation of new IMS capabilities for interactive multimedia services as they become available.
2.2 | B/P/C/S-Level Voice over IP LSC Designs (in UCR 2008 Fig. 4-23)
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The primary elements of the 5060 ICS Configuration are shown in Figure 2.3 and the basic architecture of these intercon-
nected elements is shown in Figure 2.4. The foundation element is the 5060 ICS, which is implemented as a single shelf in
the Advanced Telecommunications Computing Architecture (ATCA) version 2 standards. It integrates the primary functions
for managing: 1) VVoIP services with its integrated Converged Telephony Server (CTS), 2) Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)
signaling [including Assured Services – SIP (AS-SIP)], 3) subscriber databases, and 4) call management and records. The
5060 ICS offers a standard SIP interface to interconnect with external application servers offering additional value-added
services such as presence, video calling, voice call continuity and fixed-mobile convergence. The 5060 ICS meets the require-
ments for Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) capabilities and Secure Real Time Protocol (SRTP) for bearer traffic. The Assured
Services – SIP (AS-SIP) messaging can be encrypted with Transport Layer Security (TLS). It can also interface with legacy
Private Branch Exchanges (PBXs) and IP enabled PBXs (IP PBXs). Although not normally required in Government applica-
tions, the solution can also provide features to support the communications and regulatory requirements for 911 Emergency
Calling, Lawful Intercept, Carrier Selection, and Intelligent Network Services such as Local Number Portability and 800 Number.
Figure 2.3 | Local Session Controller (LSC) Configuration Elements
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From a system partitioning perspective, the 5060 ICS com-
prises the following modules:
• Shelf unit: The 5060 ICS shelf unit provides the mechani-
cal structure to plug the processing blades into to build-up
the call server
• Diskless call processing unit: The 5060 ICS diskless call
processing unit hosts several software applications. All
the applications can be shared on the same unit or distrib-
uted on several units
• Disk-full call processing unit: The 5060 ICS disk-full unit
offers storage capacity for database and charging data
records as well as processing capacity for platform opera-
tion and management
• Ethernet switch unit (Hub): The 5060 ICS Ethernet switch
unit offers a central point of switching for the different
processing units
The basic configuration includes an initial pair of diskless call
processing units with 1+1 redundancy. It supports the signal-
ing for more than 100,000 end users. The solution is highly
scalable, such that a doubling of capacity can be achieved by
adding into the chassis another pair of diskless call processing
unit blades or a quadrupling of capacity with 4 pairs of these
blades. In this way larger regions and end user counts can be
accommodated with volume based costing of the RTU fees.
Further increases in this capacity are also being implemented
with new version releases.
ATCA is complemented by a middleware layer that is aligned
to the Service Availability Forum (SAF). SAF has issued speci-
fications relative to Hardware Platform Interface (HPI) that
allow managing the hardware through standardized interfaces.
The ALU 5060 ICS leverages proprietary High Availability
(HA) TOMIX platform components based on ATCA and Linux.
Alcatel-Lucent is delivering high availability solutions (99.999
% availability) using this platform. Alcatel-Lucent continues
to be an active member of both the Open Source Development
Labs and Carrier Grade Linux Requirements (OSDL CGL)
Forum and the SAF Forum, and is contributing to these stan-
dardization efforts. However, mature COTS components from
base platform vendors are not yet available, and the 5060 ICS
is differentiated by using its high availability TOMIX platform.
Other primary elements of the Local Session Controller con-
figuration are the Session Border Controllers (SBC), which
provide call admission control functions for protected VVoIP
services provided to DoD users on base LANs. Another ele-
ment is the Edge Border Controller, which is included in
the UCR architecture of Figures 2.1 and 2.2 to protect the
interface between the Local Session Controller (LSC) and the
access to the Defense Information Services Network (DISN)
Service Delivery Node (SDN) and WAN Transport. The Media
Gateways support trunking at the georedundant master LSCs to
TDM Switches via T1, MLPP T1.619a over typically T1, DS3,
OC3 connections (PRI or SS7), and can be provided at addi-
tional DoD bases as desired or required. Also included is the
server-based Media Resource Function, which controls system
announcements and other media. The Universal Messaging
and Voice Mail subsystem elements of the solution depend on
the U.S. Government DoD requirements, and could take into
account existing systems for integration. The LSC solution
can be deployed with switches at the georedundant locations
and can be enabled for backup/disaster recovery, Continuity
of Operations (COOP) and centralized maintenance func-
tions. This solution can also be deployed with a Technology
Management System, which provides a full suite of integrat-
ed features to support Enterprise level telecommunications
implementation and management. Additional information on
the 5060 IP Call Server, Media Resource Function (MRF), other
optional Web Services and IMS Applications is given in the
material later in this Section associated with Figure 2.6.
A single 5060 ICS solution architecture is represented in
Figure 2.4, which shows the interconnection of the network
elements in the preceding figure through the L2/L3 redundant/
paired backplane switches/routers, the ALU 6850. These net-
work elements are assembled, integrated and tested on a rack
within a 24-inch telecommunications cabinet. The 5060 ICS,
which is implemented on a single ATCA 16U shelf, is a tele-
communications grade product with all hot swappable blades
having 1+1 redundancy with no single point of failure. It is
scalable; its capacity is increased with the addition of pairs
of IMS Server blades. The Element Management System has
the ALU product identification, Operations and Management
Console-Plus (OMC-P). OMC-P is installed on a Sun Sparc
server running Solaris 10. OMC-P also provides interfaces
to the U.S. Government’s higher level Network Management
Systems. It is accessed with a networked Management
Workstation. The Media Resource Function (MRF)
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controls the announcements for the system and operates on an Intel server running Linux. The MRF supports fixed/variable voice
announcements, video announcements, voice and video recording, which can be used for messaging services, and channel mixing
for audio-conferencing, It also supports speech synthesis – text-to-speech (TTS) or concatenated speech with over 80 languages
already available. Also included is a CPE administration server for the Teo VoIP Phones described later; it is a Sun x86 server
running Windows 2008 Server. The Media Gateway is a high availability unit with no single point of failure.
The VoIP services are supported by CPE devices with IPv6 capability. These include Teo (formerly Tone Commander) VoIP phones,
which are further discussed with Figure 2.7 below. Additionally, the Analog Gateway (Analog Media Gateway - AMG) illustrated
in that Figure allows legacy circuit switched phones to be used before they have been replaced with VoIP phones or in special
circumstances requiring legacy TDM equipment to continue in use.
An individual 5060 IP Call Server solution along with associated optional network elements are shown in Figure 2.5. The
primary component is the IP Call Server (ALU 5060 ICS), which incorporates the Converged Telephony Server supporting
the VoIP services, the IP Session Control in IMS, the access gateway control, the IP resource control, the DNS, and the Home
Subscriber Server (HSS) provisioning database. As described earlier the IP Call Server is implemented compactly in the industry
standard Advanced Telecommunications Computing Architecture (ATCA) as a single shelf design. The ALU 1310 Operations
and Management Console–Plus (ALU OMC-P) is the Element Management System (EMS). The OMC-P interfaces to the partner
Element Management Systems (EMS) to provide SNMP and XML/SOAP interfaces.
An additional server-based function is the Media Resource Function (ALU 5900), which suports system announcements. Also
shown is the Unified Messaging and Voicemail system. Unified messaging and voice mail products are available from partners
as well as ALU, and existing customer voice mail solutions can also be considered for integration with the 5060 IP Call Server.
Figure 2.4 | Single Local Session Controller (LSC) Configuration
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The last element of the basic solution is the Media Gateway Controller, which incorporates the Signaling Gateway, Media Gateway
Control and Media Gateway functions, and converts SIP IP signaling and RTP bearer traffic to the TDM standards of PRI trunk
interfaces (or SS7 Signaling links) for access to the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) and the TDM-based portion of
the Defense Information Services Network (DISN). This Gateway function is implemented with either a partner’s or ALU’s MGW
product, depending on the trunking requirements of individual Government customers. The above components realize the basic
VoIP switching function in the IMS standard, and perform the basic functions equivalent to an NGN or Softswitch.
Optionally, since this solution is implemented in the IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) standard, multimedia and web service can
be added to meet additional or future requirements. A wide range of IMS applications beyond VoIP can be added with the ALU
5400 IMS Application Server (IAS); the 5400 IAS supports a diverse set of multimedia services leveraging user presence, avail-
ability, personal calling preferences, and potentially mobility. Also the ALU 5420 Personal Communications Manager (PCM) can
be selected to support Web and Web 2.0 services.
2 . 3 g eo g ra p h i c r e D u n Da n cy co n f i g u rat i o n a n D a DVa n tag eS
The active-active geographic redundancy configuration for a 5060 ICS pair is shown in Figure 2.6 below. A campus or regional net-
work with multiple locations requires high availability connectivity between its locations, and its network is represented in the figure
as Army/AF/Navy or USMC Campus or Regional ASLAN (Assured Services LAN). Also as indicated earlier each 5060 ICS has the
capacity to support the full VoIP campus or regional traffic, and in normal operation is processing calls at less than half its capacity.
The 5060 ICS, which is handling the signaling associated with the IP telephony services, has been designed to permit substantial
geographic separation of the georedundant switch pair, such that a 5060 ICS can support at least continental-wide switching – across
CONUS or North America as examples. Geographic redundancy in the IMS standard is IP based, and is essentially not distance limited.
Thus the IP Switches could be on the same enterprise campus in separate buildings or in more widely separated locations or regions.
Figure 2.5 | 5060 IP Call Server with Associated Optional Network Elements
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Failover occurs transparently between the two georedundant 5060 ICSs. If one 5060 ISC were to go out of service or become
isolated from the network, the other 5060 ICS will support all subscriber requests in the campus or region. With active-active
geographic redundancy, existing calls will remain in service, and if one of the 5060 ISC fails while the subscriber is in the act of
placing a call, the call will fail and the caller must re-originate the call, which will be handled by the backup 5060 ICS. Full ser-
vice will be restored within minutes on the backup 5060 ICS. New service requests for callers originally registered on an affected
5060 ICS will be originated on the backup 5060 ICS. The databases in the 5060 ICSs are synchronized with respect to features
and capabilities. The 5060 ICSs also load balance calls destined for the redundant Media Gateways (MGWs), which are deployed
in each georedundant location. If one MGW unit is busy or out of service, the call will route to the other gateway.
Several architecture configurations are possible for introducing UCR 2008 compliant VVoIP capabilities: 1) Independent LSCs,
2) Georedundant LSC pairs and 3) Georedundant master LSCs with subordinate LSCs. In an established DoD enterprise one
alternate approach to the proposed solution can be to upgrade existing TDM-based PBXs and Class 5 switches to the UCR
requirements. First, LGS recommends that Assured Services Session Initiation Protocol (AS-SIP) based LSCs be deployed
rather than attempting to use hybrid TDM-SIP switches. The new SIP-based LSCs will be more capable of efficiently sup-
porting new multimedia applications as well as enhancements to evolving SIP-based hardware and software that the indus-
try offers. The SIP-based solutions offer a new next generation design paradigm that is aligned with industry directions and
achieves lower footprint, improved scalability and greater network efficiency. Furthermore, LGS also believes that geo-
redundancy feature (in campus networks and potentially regional networks) in Capital Expenditures (CAPEX) and Operating
Expenses (OPEX), and better positions the DoD for the evolution to Unified Capabilities (UC), as detailed in the DoD UCR 2008.
Figure 2.6: Geo-redundant Master Local Session Controller (LSC) Pair Configuration
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The campus or regional architecture could consolidate the IP-based
UCR 2008 switching systems in campus and regional sites, rather
than in more distributed DoD bases and locations, as with the
current TDM-based, PBX-centric architecture. This would sub-
stantially reduce the number of network elements that need to be
updated, maintained and managed, thus reducing lifecycle costs.
It also would reduce the number of network interfaces to DoD and
Public Networks, again reducing costs. The security requirements
for these next generation networks are paramount, and consolidat-
ing the assets within campuses and regions would also reduces the
number of network connections that need to be secured.
This centralization supports the DoD’s parallel objectives of: 1) con-
solidating computing, server, memory and applications to reduce
annual expenditures, 2) increasing the uniformity of the manage-
ment and technical support for these converged networks, and 3)
promoting end-to-end collaboration, web services and information
systems access.
For UCR 2008 compliant Voice and Video over IP (VVoIP) services,
each campus or region would provide two geographically redun-
dant master Local Session Controllers (LSCs) with two associated
Media Gateways (MGWs) for access to the PSTN and DSN, two
high availability Edge Border Controllers (EBCs) for interface to
the DISA Wide Area Network, and two high availability Session
Border Controllers (SBC) for the interface between the master LSCs
and their campus or regional network. Similarly, each campus or
region would associate with at least one Multi-Function Soft Switch
(MFSS) for connection to the DoD DISN Core Network, including
access to its Service Delivery Nodes (SDNs) and Wide Area Network
(WAN) transport. Should one of the fully redundant sites be com-
pletely lost, calls established through that system would continue
to be maintained and new calls would be handled by the backup
site.
This configuration provides both UCR VVoIP switching services
and Continuity of Operations (COOP). As an option, MGWs can
also be distributed to individual DoD Bases and locations to provide
local access to the PSTN, where local calling patterns and/or user
requirements favor this more distributed access to TDM trunks. A
detailed traffic study would be needed to optimize the trunking
requirements, and this study should occur during the network
design phase.
As indicated in the DoD UCR 2008, the user connection require-
ments also vary by type of user at the locations, where Special
Command and Control users have the most rigorous requirements.
Further, local LSCs can also be provided on selected DoD bases/
locations to support a portion of the regional VVoIP services and
provide stand alone switching capability at the local base/location
when required.
The next two paragraphs provide additional information on the
step-by-step restoration procedures (or contingency plan) of the
proposed distributed architecture with the georedundant solution:
• Two IP Call Servers (ICSs) are designated as geographic redun-
dant pairs and will operate in an Active-Active configuration
(both ICSs are serving active subscribers). A blade within one
ICS serves as the active blade for some subscribers and protec-
tion for other subscribers. A subscriber is assigned to a blade
in each of the ICSs. The blade in one ICS is the active blade,
and the blade assigned in the other ICS is the protection. The
Home Subscriber Servers (iHSSs) databases in both 5060 ICSs
contain the subscriber configuration information required by
both the primary Converged Telephony Server (CTS) in the
first ICS and the protection CTS in the second ICS. If the
quarantine bit, which indicates an ICS failure, is not set for
the active CTS, the iHSS will not allow a subscriber to register
on the protection ICS. If the Media Gateway Control Function
(MGCF) sends INVITES for calls to an endpoint to the wrong
site, the protection ICS sends back an error response and the
MGCF sends an INVITE to the other site. The Operations and
Management System, OMC-P, updates the databases in both
ICSs for each subscriber, and no registration data is copied
between ICSs.
• If an ICS fails, the OMC-P puts the failed Converged Telephony
Server (CTS) on the Quarantine List. The endpoints affected by
the failed ICS register with the Protection ICS, and the Media
Gateway Controller (MGC) sends INVITES for calls to these sub-
scribers from PSTN endpoints to the Protection ICS. When the
failed ICS is restored to service, its databases are re-synced with
the databases in the Active ICS. After the re-sync is completed
the iHSS deregisters the User Equipment (UE) VoIP Phone for
which this system is a protection. If the UE subscribes to reg-
istration events, this will cause the endpoints to register again
and in doing so the endpoint will have to rediscover its out-
bound proxy. The endpoints will then register with their own
primary ICS. If the UE doesn’t subscribe to registration events,
then the UE can’t receive new calls until it registers (“not reg-
istered” service is applied). However, this UE can originate
new calls (in that act of setting up the new call the endpoint
discovers it is unregistered and reregisters to the restored ICS).
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To achieve the economies of the proposed solution, high availability Ethernet connections must exist between each of the DoD
bases/locations within the campus or region and the pair of georedundant, master LSCs. This requires that each base/location
be dual homed to the master LSCs, alternately connected with bidirectional rings, or provided by a Service Provider as a leased
service with high availability SLAs. These leased or owned data facilities must be traffic engineered to provide adequate band-
width as per specifications in the UCR 2008. The high availability Ethernet networking effectively interconnects the UCR Assured
Services Local Area Networks (ASLAN) on each DoD base or location throughout each campus or region.
No additional manpower should be required to manage the distributed architecture of the campus or regional solution. LGS actu-
ally envisions a reduction in manpower requirements with this more centralized solution, thus reducing operating expenses. The
campus or regional architecture is simpler to install, manage and operate. System configuration options can be enabled so that
maintenance staff can work network and user issues for just their local site, for a group of sites or for the entire network.
2 .4 cu Sto m e r p r e m i S eS V e n D o r eq u i p m e n t i n t eg rat e D i n LgS So Lu t i o n
Customer Premises Equipment (CPE) from a number of suppliers can be used for voice and video services, but the CPE must
first be certified and approved for use. LGS proposes using two CPE solutions from our vender partners, Teo (formerly Tone
Commander) and AudioCodes. The Teo VoIP phones and AudioCodes Analog Media Gateways are part of LGS’s configuration and
test suite. The new Teo 4101 VoIP phone, illustrated in Figure 2.8, is a Single Line SIP VoIP Phone. The Teo 4104 (a 4 Line SIP
VoIP Phone) and the Teo 7810 (a ten button phone) are also shown. All software for the phones is developed within the U.S., and
the 7810 is manufactured in the U.S. Teo has a number of additional phones in its product line, and the U.S. Government user
requirements and preferences can determine the selection. The U.S. Government is expected to require IPv6 capability, which
the Teo (formerly Tone Commander) IP phones provide. For
enhanced security, they also support TLS and SRTP. LGS offers
services to support the evaluation of VoIP phones and other
CPE under consideration, and will verify the compatibility of
them with the 5060 ICS solution.
VoIP handsets register to a 5060 ICS in the following process.
Initially, the maintenance technician will provision the sub-
scriber’s Directory Number (DN) and features in the 5060 ICS
subscriber database, derived from a standard template, and
then associate a telephone number to the MAC address of the
CPE device that will be assigned to the user in the system.
When the phone is connected to the network and the VoIP
handset powers up, the phone will request its IP address from
the local DHCP server. The DHCP response includes the Fully
Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) of the 5060 ICS serving that
CPE. The local DNS resolves the FQDN of the 5060 ICS. The
phone connects to the 5060 CPE server and performs a secure
download of its configuration, which includes the DN previ-
ously associated with its MAC address. Once the configuration
download is complete, the phone restarts and registers with
the 5060 ICS.
Figure 2.7 | Customer Premises Equipment (CPE): VoIP Phones and Analog Media Gateway
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Also illustrated in Figure 2.5 is the AudioCodes Mediant 1000
Media Gateway, which provides voice technology for connect-
ing legacy telephones and PBX systems to IP networks. The
Mediant 1000 Media Gateway, an analog-to-VoIP line-side gate-
way, includes up to 24 FXS analog lines, single 10/100 BaseT,
DC power supply, G.711 (and other) Vocoders and SIP signaling,
and supports the following configurations of analog ports: 4, 8,
12, 16, 20, and 24.
Larger groups of analog phones can be supported with larger
Analog Media Gateways that interface to the 5060 ICS through
either the SIP or H.248 standards. Similarly, an IP PBX can
be supported with its SIP interface, or a Primary Rate Access
(PRA) or PRI PBX can be supported with its Channel Associated
Signaling (CAS) or PRA/PRI interface through the Media Gateway
and then the 5060 IP Call Server.
2 . 5 e x a m p L e o f t e L e p h o n y S e rV i c eS
- SySt e m h a r Dwa r e a n D So f t wa r e
f e at u r eS
The following is a partial list of telephony services that are avail-
able to be offered with the ALU/LGS 5060 IP Call Server:
• Account Codes: The Account Codes feature allows a sub-
scriber to add an account number to a billing record for
allocation of customer charges
• Anonymous Call Rejection: Anonymous Call Rejection
(ACR) allows a subscriber to reject incoming calls containing
Caller ID information marked private or with an anonymous
header
• Attendant Console: The Attendant Console feature provides
support for a SIP-based attendant console (based on the web
portal soft client) that is focused on supporting the agency’s
operational needs. The feature supports multiple communi-
ties providing each one with their own set of consoles sup-
porting their organization
• Auto Attendant Feature: Auto Attendant feature pro-
vides automated attendant services using the Personal
Communication Manager (PCM)
• Authorization Codes: The Authorization Codes feature
allows an end user to originate calls that are normally
restricted from a particular endpoint
• Automatic Call Back: Automatic Call Back (ACB) allows
subscribers to redial their last outgoing call
• Automatic Recall: Automatic Recall (AR) provides the num-
ber of the last incoming call and can automatically dial the
number at the request of the user
• Call Barring (Outgoing Calls): The Call Barring feature
prevents a subscriber from making certain types of outgo-
ing calls (e.g. international calls, toll-free calls, all non-
emergency calls, and calls with called digits that match a
provisioned list)
• Call Blocking (Incoming Calls): The Call Blocking (Incoming
Calls) feature allows an Agency to prevent an endpoint from
receiving either all calls or international calls
• Call Completion to Busy Subscriber (CCBS): When a caller
who is assigned the Call Completion to Busy Subscriber fea-
ture receives a busy signal after dialing a phone number, the
CCBS service can be invoked to monitor the called party and
place the call again once the called party becomes available
• Call Forwarding Features: The 5060 ICS supports calls
addressed to a subscriber to be redirected to a different des-
tination. The following call forwarding-related features are
supported:
o Call Forwarding Always (CFA)
o Call Forwarding Busy (CFB)
o Call Forwarding Default (CFD)
o Call Forwarding No Answer (CFNA)
o Call Forwarding Unregistered (CFU)
o Call Forwarding Local
o Call Forwarding to Voice Mail (CFVM)
o Bearer-Based Call Forwarding
o Call Forwarding Unreachable User (CFUU) Controls
o Inhibition of Incoming Forwarded Calls (IIFC)
o Call Forwarding Default (CFD)
o Call Forwarding No Answer (CFNA)
o Call Forwarding Unregistered (CFU)
o Call Forwarding Local
o Call Forwarding to Voice Mail (CFVM)
o Bearer-Based Call Forwarding
o Call Forwarding Unreachable User (CFUU) Controls
o Inhibition of Incoming Forwarded Calls (IIFC)
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• Call Hold – Consultation: The Consultation Hold feature
allows a subscriber to flash to place an existing call on hold
and initiate a second call
• Calling Line ID-related Features: The 5060 ICS supports
the following features related to the display of caller iden-
tifiers:
o Calling Line ID Presentation (CLIP)
o Calling Line ID Restriction (CLIR)
o Calling Line ID Restriction Override (CLIRO)
o Flexible Calling Line ID/Group ID Delivery
o Connected Line Identity Presentation and
Restriction
o Private Dialing Plan (PDP) Extension Presentation
o Calling Name Identification Presentation (CNIP)
o Calling Name Identification Restriction (CNIR
• Call Park and Call Pickup Features: The 5060 ICS supports
the following features related to call park and call pickup,
intended to be supported in relation to groups within an
enterprise:
o Call Park and Retrieve
o Hard Hold
o Directed Call Park and Retrieve
o Call Pickup
o Directed Call Pickup
o Directed Call Pickup w/ Barge-In
• Call Transfer Features: The 5060 ICS supports the follow-
ing variations of call transfer:
o Call Transfer with Consultation
o Call Transfer Blind
o Call Transfer from Three-Way
o Timed Reminder on Transfer
o Explicit Call Transfer
• Call Waiting - Terminating: The 5060 ICS supports the fol-
lowing variations of call waiting (and cancel call waiting):
o Call Waiting with Advanced Endpoints
o Call Waiting with Flashable Endpoints using
INFO method
o Call Waiting with TISPAN Simple Endpoint
o Cancel Call Waiting – Per Call
• Call Duration Limits: This feature allows Agencies to limit
the duration of certain calls, such as calls with a higher
tariff rate. A global parameter provides the maximum
duration for any originating call. Additionally, each entry
in the digit analysis table can have an individual duration
limit assigned that either supersedes the global default
value by defining a maximum duration that differs from
the global value or that indicates that calls to this destina-
tion are not subject to any duration limit at all. When the
maximum time is reached, the call is terminated with a
BYE request. Optionally, a warning announcement may be
played prior to the termination
2 . 6 S e rV i c eS S u p p o rt i n g t h e LgS
So Lu t i o n
LGS has served the DoD as a prime contractor and network
integrator for the modernization of base facilities including the
installation and upgrades to the telecommunications systems.
The company has a rigorous methodology for implementing
network modernization as illustrated in Figure 2.8 below. In
this capacity LGS primes the Army I3MP and Infrastructure
Modernization (IMOD) programs, and has modernized more
than 40 Army (and Air Force) bases. LGS is also a Multifunction
Switching Systems and network management systems supplier
to the DoD, including the DISA NETCOP Program. LGS has also
supported the installation and upgrades to Navy telecommuni-
cations solutions, primarily as a first tier subcontractor. We are
also a primary supplier for afloat networks, having supplied
currently over 4,000 edge and core switches to the Navy on
over 300 surface ships and submarines combined. LGS is a pri-
mary supplier of complete Video Teleconferencing end-to-end
secure solutions, having designed and implemented over 300
facilities for Civilian, DoD and Advanced Program customers.
The following is a partial description of Engineering Services that
LGS offers in conjunction with its LSC and 5060 ICS solution.
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The Engineering and Documentation for the network solution:
a. Perform installation survey and briefings as required
b. Engineering of the network hardware installation
c. Provide all drawings and other documentation needed to meet DoD requirements and submit to connection
approving boards
d. Provide DoD Information Assurance Certification and Accreditation Process (DIACAP) documentation in support
of Type accreditation for the distributed solution
e. Provide a Contingency Plan for the network solution that includes step-by-step restoration procedures and a
test plan
Switch System Software Installation, Upgrades and Management: LGS will furnish, install, manage, update and test all network
software including subcontracted legacy IP/TDM PBXs and upgraded EO/SMEO telephone systems meeting UCR 2008. These
tasks are summarized as follows:
a. Upgrade DSN telephone systems to next available EO/SMEO APL listed release
b. Replace any hardware, circuit cards, or sub-systems that will be inoperable under the new software version
c. Perform installation briefings and checklists and complete the installations on-site
d. Program and integrate a revised dialing and numbering plan in accordance with the DSN World Wide Number and
Dialing Plan (WWNDP)
e. Provide host switch server hardware and VoIP software licenses to support 100 to 500 each VoIP End Instrument
(EI) such that the additional ability to activate an IP extension may be accomplished through the future provision
of an external LAN
f. Provide host switch server hardware and/or software with appropriate licenses to support AS-SIP IP trunking
g. Test and cutover all installed software and equipment
h. Develop and deliver final “as-installed” configuration documentation required to meet DoD requirements
i. Provide warranty and technical support for components for one or more years from date of final acceptance
Technical support shall include Information Assurance Vulnerability Management (IAVM)/security patch support
Figure 2.8 | LGS Innovations: An End-to-End Network Solutions Integrator
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Training: Training courses can be taken with open enrollment at the provider’s location, which often includes hands-on exercises
in a teaching laboratory environment. A typical facility is the Alcatel-Lucent Learning Center. Often the DoD Components prefer
to use this type of training; however, most of these courses can also be suitcased to DoD locations. The suitcased courses might pro-
vide limited hands-on experience with the DoD equipment at the course location. System specific training for Government switch
technicians can be provided at all sites for new switch hardware, software and Management System capabilities, as appropriate.
Training will also be provided for Government administrators on new features. All training will address Information Assurance
(IA) related tasks.
Professional Services, Technical Support and Maintenance: LGS and ALU can provide tiered support globally for all hardware
and software elements in the networks provided to the DoD. One service option is TS Gold 24x7 coverage for remote techni-
cal support. This service provides the DoD and/or its prime integration contractor remote access (24 hours per day for 7 days
per week) to engineers, in support of product-related questions, troubleshooting assistance, diagnostic procedures, and Patch/
Maintenance Releases, as may be made available, to restore and resolve network troubles for Maintained Products. Much of the
system diagnostics can be conducted remotely. The maintenance typically includes the Return for Repair Service (RES). This
tiered support will include all vendor hardware/software and all partner subsystems integrated into the network solution. LGS
will be the single point of contact for all DoD UCR 2008 telecommunications solutions it provides. As indicated earlier, the pro-
cess for configuring IP phones is relatively straight-forward; phones can be preconfigured remotely, then the phones self-register
with the network when they are first connected and powered up. The phone installation can be done with local DoD IT personnel,
perhaps with end user assistance, or it can be outsourced as a contracted support service.
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3. appenDix3.1 5 eSS t D m Sw i tc h a r c h i t ect
ALU and LGS continue to offer and support the widely deployed 5ESS TDM Switching System. A partial view of 5ESS switch-
ing system components is given in the Figure 3.1 below. The primary functions are supported by the Administrative Module,
Communications Module and Switch Module (SM-2000), which supports Module Processing, Time Slot Interchange, Line/Trunk
Units and Service Circuits. The SM-2000 also supports remote switching at distances up to 600 miles from the host switch. The
Distinctive Remote Module (DRM) supports remote switching up to 2,000 miles from the host, and offers complete Local/Toll fea-
tures for up to 28,000 subscribers. The DRM has full Stand Alone Capability, and only utilizes the 5ESS Host switch for Operations,
Administration, Management and Provisioning (OAM&P).
Figure 3.1 | Existing 5ESS Switch Architecture
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3 . 2 a b b r eV i at i o n S
Term Expansion
4G/3G/2G 4th Generation/3rd Generation/2nd
Generation Wireless (Cellular) Standards
3GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Program (for
GSM)
3GPP2 3rd Generation Partnership Program (for
CDMA)
ACB Automatic Call Back
ACR Anonymous Call Rejection
AGCF Access Gateway Control Function
AMG Analog Media Gateway
AR Automatic Recall
ALU Alcatel-Lucent
ANSI American National Standards Institute
API Application Programming Interface
AR Automatic Recall
ASLAN Assured Services Local Area Network
AS-SIP Assured Services - Session Initiation
Protocol
ATA Analog Terminal Adaptor
ATCA Advanced Telecommunication Computing
Architecture
BRI Basic Rate Interface
BSS Business Support Systems
CAPEX Capital Expenditure
CAS Channel Associated Signaling
CCBS Call Completion to Busy Subscriber
CCC Carolina Corporate Center
Term Expansion
CCF Charging Collection Function
CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
CDR Call Data Recorder
CFA Call Forwarding Always
CFB Call Forwarding Busy
CFD Call Forwarding Default
CFNA Call Forwarding No Answer
CFU Call Forwarding Unregistered
CFUU Call Forwarding Unreachable User
CFVM Call Forwarding to Voice Mail
CISSP Certified Information Systems Security
Professional
CLIP Calling Line ID Presentation
CLIR Calling Line ID Restriction
CLIRO Calling Line ID Restriction Override
CNIP Calling Name Identification Presentation
CNIR Calling Name Identification Restriction
COOP Continuity of Operations Plan
COTS Commercial Off the Shelf
CPE Customer Premises Equipment
CTS Converged Telephony Server
DISA Defense Information Systems Agency
DISN Defense Information System Network
DN Directory Number
DNS Domain Name System
DS3 Digital Signal 3 - 44.736 Mbit/s
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Term Expansion
DoD Department of Defense
DRM Distinctive Remote Module
DSL Digital Subscriber Line
EBC Edge Border Controller
E-CSCF Emergency-CSCF
EI End Instrument
EMS Element Management System
EO End Office
ETSI European Telecommunications Standards
Institute
FQDN Fully Qualified Domain Name
FSX Foreign Exchange Station
GPON Gigabit Passive Optical Network
GSM Global System for Mobile Communications
HA High Availability
HPI Hardware Platform Interface
HSS Home Subscriber Server
HTML Hyper-Text Markup Language
iAGCF Internal Access Gateway Control Function
IAS IMS Application Server
IAVA Information Assurance Vulnerability Alert
ICS IP Call Server
I-CSCF IP Call Session Control Function
ICS IP Call Server
ID Identity
IETF Internet Engineering Task Force
iHSS Internal Home Subscriber Server
Term Expansion
IIFC Inhibition of Incoming Forwarded Calls
IMOD Infrastructure Modernization
IMS IP Multimedia Subsystem
IN Intelligent Network
IP Internet Protocol
IP PBX IP-Enabled PBX
IPTV Internet Protocol Television
IPv4 Internet Protocol version 4
IPv6 Internet Protocol version 6
ISC IP Session Controller
ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network
IT Information Technology
ITIL Information Technology Infrastructure
Library
ITU-T International Telecommunication Union
Transmission
LAN Local Area Network
LGS LGS Innovations LLC
LSC Local Session Controller
LTE Long Term Evolution
MAC Media Access Control
MFSS MultiFunction Softswitch
MGC Media Gateway Controller
MGCF Media Gateway Control Function
MGW Media Gateway
MRF Media Resource Function
MSF MultiService Forum
24© 20 1 4 – LgS i n n oVat i o n S L Lc - a L L r i g h tS r eS e rV e D
LgS, LgS i n n oVat i o n S, a n D t h e LgS i n n oVat i o n S Lo g o a r e t ra D e m a r KS o f LgS i n n oVat i o n S L Lc .
Term Expansion
SMEO Small End Office
SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol
SRTP Secure Real Time Protocol
SS Soft Switch
SS7 Signaling System 7
T1 T-Carrier1 - 1.544 Mbit/s line rate
TDM Time Division Multiplexing
TISPAN Telecommunications and Internet Protocol
Harmonization over Networks
TLS Transport Layer Security
TPS Triple Play Services
TTS Text-to-speech
UC Unified Capabilities
UCR Unified Capabilities Requirement
UE User Equipment
UM Universal Messaging
VLAN Virtual Local Area Network
VoBB Voice over Broadband
VoIP Voice over IP
VVoIP Voice and Video over IP
WAN Wide Area Network
WiFi Wireless Fidelity
WiMAX Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave
Access
WWNDP World Wide Number and Dialing Plan
XML Extensible Markup Language
a bo u t LgS i n n oVat i o n S
LGS Innovations delivers next generation solutions that solve the
most complex networking and communications challenges fac-
ing the U.S. Federal Government, state and local governments,
foreign governments, and commercial enterprises. LGS offers
groundbreaking research and development and builds advanced
wireless, optical, and wired products and applications custom-
ized for specific mission environments. These solutions provide
unique information and security advantages that lead to the oper-
ational success of its customers. LGS’ offerings include:
• Campus and building networking solutions for military
bases, hospitals, and corporate centers
• Maritime applications for in-port and at sea communications
• Global networks (long-haul communications, including
undersea cable)
• Enterprise voice, video, and data networking4G wireless
deployable communications for public safety, battlefield,
and emergency and first responder communities
• Network engineering, integration, and installation
• Cloud and data center infrastructure
• Video teleconferencing and IPTV suites
• Research and development in advanced multimedia/RF
communications, cybersecurity, sensing technologies, and
photonics
LGS Innovations is a U.S.-owned company headquartered in
Herndon, Virginia, with offices in Colorado, Illinois, Maryland,
New Jersey, New Mexico, and North Carolina. Formerly a sub-
sidiary of Alcatel-Lucent, LGS is the exclusive reseller of Alcatel-
Lucent products and services to the U.S. Federal Government
and any other entity when the end customer is the U.S. Federal
Government. LGS maintains strong ties to Bell Labs and its tech-
nologies, employing more than 450 scientists and engineers and
a total of nearly 700 employees worldwide. To learn more about
LGS Innovations, visit www.lgsinnovations.com.