Store management i

Store Management-I

Preeti Nigam

UNIT III

STORES MANAGEMENT-I Objectives of store Functions of Stores Location and Layout a-z factors Stores Systems and procedures Types of Storage Storage Systems Preservation

Concept

In industry, the materials have to be stocked to meet the consumption requirements during lead time or delays in lead time or unexpected increase in rate of consumption.

Warehousing is a package of services that enables the smooth running and provides uninterrupted service to the manufacturing decisions.

Objectives of Stores

1. Receipt2. Storage3. Retrieval4. Issue5. Records6. Housekeeping7. Control8. Surplus management9. Verification Interaction & coordination

Location and Layout a-z factors

a) The stores function should be organized to meet the primary objective of serving the user by easy identification of the material

b) The stores should be located nearest to the user with the central store keeping high value and items common to more than one deptt.


c) Within the constraints imposed by the location of physical facilities, the materials must be so arranged as to enable their easy storage and retrieval

d) Layout should ensure easy movement of materials, good housekeeping, sufficient space for men and material, optimum use of storage space, judicious use of equipments such as shelves, racks, pallets etc.


e) Proper preservation to protect from rain, sun, humidity, moisture, insects, white ants and biological, physical and natural deterioration

f) Location of central receiving section should have easy accessibility to different modes of transport like rail, road and ports


g) Flexibility of expansion with adequate facilities and comfortable working conditions

h) Clear and adequate lighting should be there to ensure better working environment in stores


i) Safe working conditions and better provision for fire fighting facilities to minimize accidents

j) Provision be made for toilets,smoking areas, routine maintenance of stores equipments, safe electrical wirings etc.


k) Balancing should be done in the cost of investment, cost of supplying inputs, cost of manufacturing, cost of handling and cost of transporting to the consumer in locating the stores

l) The available floor space is split as receiving bay, inspection area, bulk storage area, storage space, issue area, scrap yard etc.


m) Items handled frequently must be located to minimize the distance traveled

n) Regulations of factory act and other regulatory measures should be followed by keeping the premises clean by using the disinfectants and by providing adequate drainage facilities with proper ventilation

Location and Layout a-z factorso) Sufficient care should be taken to utilize the stores

area as cubic space and not by calculating square area

p) The aisle widths have to be designed on the basis of handling equipments like fork lifts and clearly marked. Utilization of heights have to be decided on the basis of ease of storage, retrieval, type of package, load characteristics, flooring, roofing,handling pressures on beams and columns,provision of moving ladders, exhaust arrangements and installation of fire prevention systems.


q) In block stacking method, the unit loads are stacked one over the other and the stack heights will have to be reduced, if random access is needed, this method cannot be applied, if strictly FIFO method has to be used for issues

r) The use of racks, bins, shelves and pigeon holes is a common method of storage,where wooden or metallic structures are divided into compartments, in order to keep items individually


s) The racks are usually arranged either along the walls or back-to-back and can reach up to rooftop and the opening can be suitably arranged for keeping the size of the item. Sometimes revolving racks with castor wheels are also used

t) Normally bins are used to hold loose items and the compartments can be multi-tier or single-tier to suit the needs. For small items, compartments/trays can be used


u) Small but costly items are kept locked to prevent theft and pilferage

v) Cap storage cover and plinth is adopted by food corporation where the food grains are kept in the open wooden crates under polythene cover. This protects the grain from sun and rain and is made rodent proof


x) The normal loading condition for a warehouse is 200 lbs per sqft. And appropriate strengthening is needed if more loading is needed

y) Doors should be built as large as possible in order to facilitate handling. Columns in the stores must be at least 30 ft apart. Storage of bulk commodities can create plenty of wastage of space


z) The access to storage issue areas must be restricted and confined only to authorized stores personnel in order to prevent pilferage, theft, accident etc. and all workers must be trained in using fire fighting equipments

Preservation- A to Z ways

a) Bearings should be greased and packed in grease-proof papers

b) Expensive delicate instrument parts should be kept in their boxes with cotton bags of dehydrated silicate gel

c) Rubber articles should be dusted with french chalk

d) Sintered bush bearings should be soaked in warm oil for 24 hours once in a year


e) In these cases the exterior painting is done by bitumen or other protective paints

f) Valves are kept open to avoid metal- to- metal contact

g) The electrodes should be kept in original containers in cool dry place

h) Vertical stocking of grinding wheels with partitioning in between is necessary, so that the faces do not come into contact with each other


i) Castings with machined faces particularly threaded portion and holes should be completely protected with grease, plugged in wherever necessary

j) Carbon steel exchanges are protected by filing gas oil or clean fresh water

k) LT motors should be cocoonedl) Switch gear parts should be enclosed in plastic

bagsm) Strip heater/dry air must be used for protecting

big size switch gears


n) Oil lubricated bearings should be cleaned and filled with suitable ensis oils, while grease lubricated bearings should be cleaned and regreased and closed properly

o) Steel wire ropes should properly be cleaned and protected with a double coat of ensis fluids

p) Copper and copper alloys must be protected against ingress of ammonia/ammonium salts


q) Silver and lead parts to be cleaned and rinsed with fresh water

r) Corrosive chemical containers must be labeled and storage areas demarcated by signs. Incompatible chemicals like acetone and mixture of conc nitric acid and suphuric acid must not be stored together. Flourine must be separated from other items. Copper must not be stored near acetylene


s) Acids must be kept away from paper, wood and other items that are likely to corrode

t) Cylinders holding gases like O2, H, Acetylene are kept padded with coir, covered in separate folders away from sources of heat. Keep phosphorus in kerosene


u) Veg oils should be protected from air, light and moisture. Paints must be guarded against moisture and the drums should be periodically inverted to prevent settling

v) Wood is susceptible to attack by white ants and a coating with paint or coal tar must be used. Bamboo must be kept submerged in water

w) Food grains can either be stored in silos or bags and fumigants must be used to protect grains against pest attacks


x) Batteries must not be stored under humid or damp conditions and electrodes must be warmed up before use

y) Glass sheets should not be kept one over the other but must be kept upright and protected from sunlight

z) Cloth and paper must be protected from moisture, water, rats, white ants etc. Similarly, rubber goods must be protected against light, sunrays, heat, air, moisture, ozone, oil, dust and dirt

Store management i

Documents

Transcript of Store management i