Step by Step Installation of Oracle11gR2 on OEL5 and VMware

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Step by Step installation of Oracle 11g R2 on Oracle Enterprise Linux 5 Update 5 Using VMware Infrastructure 2.0.0 By Jorge Batista [email protected]

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Index

1. Creating the Virtual Machine 2. Installing Oracle Enterprise Linux 5 Update5 3. Installing VMware Tools in a Linux virtual machine with

the Tar Installer 4. Checking Memory and Swap Space 5. Disk Space Requirements 6. Operating System Requirements 7. Checking Software Packages (RPMs) Requirements 8. Installing a package from the Linux distribution media 9. Configuring Kernel Parameters 10. Creating Oracle User Accounts 11. Setting Shell Limits for the Oracle User 12. Creating Oracle Directories 13. Setting Oracle Environments 14. Installing Oracle11g R2 Software Only

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Creating the Virtual Machine

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VMware Version

• VMware Infrastructure Web Access Version 2.0.0 • To download go to

https://my.vmware.com/web/vmware/info/slug/infrastructure_operations_management/vmware_server/2_0



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From the VMware Infrastructure Web Access Console Select Create Virtual Machine

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Enter name and Location of the Virtual Machine • Name = T-vmoelinux2 • Location = Datastore3T (you need to create your own datastore location & name)

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Select Guest Operating System

• Select Red hat Enterprise Linux 5

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Memory & Processors Setup

• Memory = 2GB • CPU Count = 1

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Create a new Hard Disk

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Allocate disk Space

• Capacity = 30GB • Location = default location

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Add a Network Adapter

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Network Adapter connection

• Using HostOnly for now, you can change this setting after you are done

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Select Media Type

• Use an ISO Image and browse to the location of the Linux ISO file

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Do not Add a Floppy Drive

Add a USB Controller

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Click Finish to create the new virtual machine

• You can select ‘Power on your new virtual machine now’ and as soon is done creating the virtual machine the installation will start.

• In my case, I did not select ‘Power on your new virtual machine now’ to create the virtual machine first.

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Installing Oracle Enterprise Linux 5 Update 5

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Startup the new Virtual machine

• Click on the Green arrow to start the new virtual machine o This process will start the Linux installation

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Click anywhere to open virtual machine console

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Press ‘Enter’ to start the installation in a graphical mode

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• Press the "tab" key to move focus to the "Skip" key • Then press the "Enter" key to continue

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On the "Welcome" screen, click the "Next" button.

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Select the appropriate language, then click the "Next" button.

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Select the relevant keyboard setting, then click the "Next" button.

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Click the "Yes" button on the disk partitioning warning dialog.

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Check the "Review and modify partitioning layout" option, and then the "Next" button.

Click the "Yes" button on the subsequent warning dialog

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• Select the "/boot" partition and click on Edit • Set the /boot partition to "200M" and "Fixed size" • Then click the "OK" button.

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The "/root" and "/swap" partitions are part of a volume group

If you need additional swap space, simply make this partition bigger

The partitions screen should now looks something like the following picture, then click the "Next" button.

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Accept the boot loader settings by clicking the "Next" button.

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Configure the network interface with the appropriate settings

• Click on Edit, to edit the network interface • Select Enable IPv4 support • Select Manual configuration • Enter IUP Address and Prefix (Netmask)

o i.e. IP = 194.164.100.127 o i.e. Netmask = 255.255.255.0

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• Under Hostname: o Select manually, then enter the hostname

i.e. oelinux2.localdomain • Under Miscellaneous Settings:

o Enter Gateway i.e. IP = 194.164.100.100

o Enter Primary DNS i.e. DNS = 75.75.75.75

o Enter Secondary DNS i.e. DNS = 75.75.75.76

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• Select the relevant region by clicking on the map • Then click the "Next" button to proceed.

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Enter a root password for the server, and then click the "Next" button to proceed.

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Select the "Customize now" option and the appropriate installation type and click the "Next" button

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The "Package Group Selection" screen allows you to select the required package groups, and individual packages within the details section.

When you've made your selection, click the "Next" button.

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Click the "Next" button to begin the installation

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Click the "Reboot" button to complete the installation.

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On the "Welcome" screen, click the "Forward" button.

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Accept the license agreement and click the "Forward" button.

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On the Firewall screen, choose the "Disabled" option and click the "Forward" button

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Click the "Yes" button on the subsequent warning screen

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On the SELinux screen, choose the "Disabled" option and click the "Forward" button.

Click the "Yes" button on the subsequent warning screen.

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Accept the default setting on the Kdump screen by clicking the "Forward" button

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Adjust the Date and Time settings if necessary, and click the "Forward" Button.

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Create an additional system user if required, and click the "Forward" button.

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On the sound card screen, click the "Forward" button.

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On the "Additional CDs" screen, click the "Finish" button.

Click the "OK" button on the reboot request dialog.

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Installing VMware Tools in a Linux virtual machine with the Tar Installer

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• Power on the virtual machine. (Virtual Machine should be On) • After the guest operating system has started, prepare your virtual machine

to install VMware Tools • From the VMware Infrastructure Web Access Console Click on Install

VMware Tools

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• Click on Install to install the VMware Tools

• You will get the following message

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• Login with the root account to continue with the VMware Tools Installation

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• After you login, you should be able to see VMware Tools CD • Double-Click on the VMware Tools CD

• Right-Click on VMwareTools-7.7.6-203138.tar.gz file

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• Select Extract To…

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• Select the folder where you want to extract the files

o I will select the /tmp folder

• Extracting files to /tmp

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• Open a terminal window o Click on Applications o Select Accessories o Select Terminal

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• Change directory to /tmp/vmware-tools-distrib o cd /tmp/vmware-tools-distrib

• do a directory listing o ll or ls –l

• Run the VMware Tools tar installer o ./vmware-install.pl

• Respond to the configuration questions on the screen. Press Enter to accept the default value

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• When done, Eject the VMware Tools CD o Right-Click on VMware Tools CD o Select Eject

• Log off of the root account.

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Checking Hardware and Software Requirements

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Logging In to the System as root

• Before you install the Oracle software, you must complete several tasks as the root user

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Checking Memory and Swap Space

Memory Requirements

• Minimum: 1 GB of RAM • Recommended: 2 GB of RAM or more

To determine the RAM size, enter the following command:

• grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo

To determine the size of the configured swap space, enter the following command:

• grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo

The following table describes the relationship between installed RAM and the configured swap space recommendation

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Disk Space Requirements

To determine the amount of disk space available in the /tmp directory, enter the following command:

At least 1 GB of disk space in the /tmp directory

• df -h /tmp

To determine the amount of free disk space on the system, enter the following command:

• df –h

Operating System Requirements

To determine the distribution and version of Linux installed, enter the following command:

• cat /proc/version • uname –r

To determine whether the system architecture can run the software, enter the following command:

• uname –m

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Checking Software Packages (RPMs) Requirements

The following or later version of packages for Oracle Linux 5 and Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 should be installed:

• binutils-2.17.50.0.6 • compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3 • elfutils-libelf-0.125 • elfutils-libelf-devel-0.125 • elfutils-libelf-devel-static-0.125 • gcc-4.1.2 • gcc-c++-4.1.2 • glibc-2.5-24 • glibc-common-2.5 • glibc-devel-2.5 • glibc-headers-2.5 • kernel-headers-2.6.18 • ksh-20060214 • libaio-0.3.106 • libaio-devel-0.3.106 • libgcc-4.1.2 • libgomp-4.1.2 • libstdc++-4.1.2 • libstdc++-devel-4.1.2 • make-3.81 • numactl-devel-0.9.8.i386 • sysstat-7.0.2

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To determine whether the required packages are installed, enter commands similar to the following: rpm -qa|grep package_name

rpm -qa|grep binutils

rpm -qa|grep compat-libstdc

rpm -qa|grep elfutils-libelf

rpm -qa|grep gcc

rpm -qa|grep glibc

rpm -qa|grep kernel-headers

rpm -qa|grep ksh

rpm -qa|grep libaio

rpm -qa|grep libgcc

rpm -qa|grep libgomp

rpm -qa|grep libstdc

rpm -qa|grep make

rpm -qa|grep numactl-devel

rpm -qa|grep sysstat

• you can COPY & PASTE all of them or one by one to a terminal window To determine whether the required packages are installed

If a package is not installed, then install it from the Linux distribution media or download the required package version from the Linux vendor’s Web site.

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Installing a package from the Linux distribution media

• Click on Devices • Select CD/DVD Drive • Click on Connect to Disk Image File (iso)...

• Browse to your ISO file and click Open

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• The Enterprise Linux DVD files and folder will be display, if not, just double-click on CD/DVD icon

• Double-Click on the Server Folder

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• The Server Folder opens and all rpm/packages files will be display • Double-Click on the rpm/package file you want to install and follow the installation

prompts • Click Apply at the Installing packages screen

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• If you get ‘Unable to verify <package name>, click Install anyway to continue • Click OK at the Software Installed successfully screen

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Creating Required Operating System Groups and Users

The following local operating system groups and users are required if you are installing Oracle Database:

• The Oracle Inventory group (typically, oinstall) • The OSDBA group (typically, dba) • The Oracle software owner (typically, oracle) • The OSOPER group (optional. Typically, oper)

Creating the oinstall group

• /usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall

Creating the dba group

• /usr/sbin/groupadd dba

Create the oracle account

• /usr/sbin/useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle

Enter the following command to set the password of the oracle user:

• passwd oracle

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Configuring Kernel Parameters

To see all kernel parameters, execute:

• sysctl -a

Using any text editor, create or edit the /etc/sysctl.conf file, and add or edit lines similar to the following:

vi /etc/sysctl.conf

o fs.suid_dumpable = 1 o fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 o fs.file-max = 6815744 o kernel.shmmni = 4096 o kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 o net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 o net.core.rmem_default =1048576 o net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 o net.core.wmem_default = 262144 o net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

Enter the following command to change the current values of the kernel parameters:

• /sbin/sysctl -p

Enter the command /sbin/sysctl -a to view and confirm that the values are set correctly

• /sbin/sysctl –a

NOTE: Do not change the value of any kernel parameter on a system where it is already higher than listed as minimum requirement.

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Configuring Kernel Parameters (cont)

Using any text editor, edit the /etc/pam.d/login file, and add or edit lines similar to the following: session required pam_limits.so

• vi /etc/pam.d/login

session required pam_limits.so

If necessary, update the resource limits in the /etc/security/limits.conf

• vi /etc/security/limits.conf

-- Add

oracle soft nproc 2047

oracle hard nproc 16384

oracle soft nofile 1024

oracle hard nofile 65536

oracle soft stack 10240

NOTE: Do not change the value of any kernel parameter on a system where it is already higher than listed as minimum requirement.

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Installing Oracle11g R2 Software Only

Step by Step Installation of Oracle11gR2 on OEL5 and VMware

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