Status of the ESRF operation & upgrade - KIT · 2013-12-05 · ESLS, Karlsruhe/KIT, 21-22 November...
Transcript of Status of the ESRF operation & upgrade - KIT · 2013-12-05 · ESLS, Karlsruhe/KIT, 21-22 November...
1ESLS, Karlsruhe/KIT, 21-22 November 2013 J. Jacob: Status of the ESRF upgrade
[CINEL]
ESLS Meeting 2013KIT – ANKA
21st – 22nd November
Status of the ESRF operation & upgrade
J. Jacobon behalf of the
Accelerator & Source Division
Thanks to J.-L. Revol and P. Raimondi for providing many of the slides
Third generation light sourceLocation: Grenoble, FranceCooperation: 19 countriesAnnual budget: 100 million €Staff: 600Start User Mode 1994
Energy 6.04 GeV
Multibunch current 200 mA
Horizontal emittance 4 nm
Vertical emittance 4 pm
844 m circumference storage ring DBA lattice, 32 straight sections
42 Beamlines (including 12 on Bending Magnet BL)
The European Synchrotron Radiation Facility
10 Hz Booster
Synchrotron
200 MeVElectron
Linac
Availability: 98.83 %Mean Time Between Failures: 77.7 hours
Average over the last 4 years
• More than 6000 annual user visits• 1800 publications every year
ESLS, Karlsruhe/KIT, 21-22 November 2013 J. Jacob: Status of the ESRF upgrade 2
90%
91%
92%
93%
94%
95%
96%
97%
98%
99%
100%
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
98,30%99,04% 98,78% 98,91% 98,58% 98,69%
1,70%0,96% 1,22% 1,09% 1,42% 1,31%
Perc
enta
ge o
f ava
ilabi
lity
Years
Accelerator Availability
ESRF record
In progress
Always greater than 98.5 % !
ESLS, Karlsruhe/KIT, 21-22 November 2013 J. Jacob: Status of the ESRF upgrade 3
Operation performance
0
20
40
60
80
100
64,5
75,8
67,5
107,8
60,0
69,4
1,1 0,7 0,8 1,2 0,9 0,9
Hou
rsMean Time Between Failures
Mean timeper failure
ESRF record
In progress
ESLS, Karlsruhe/KIT, 21-22 November 2013 J. Jacob: Status of the ESRF upgrade 4
Operation performance
Operation performance
ESLS, Karlsruhe/KIT, 21-22 November 2013 J. Jacob: Status of the ESRF upgrade 5
@ Phase I (from 2009 to 2015)
Eight new beamlines Extension of the experimental hall Refurbishment of many existing beamlines Developments in synchrotron radiation
instrumentation Upgrade of the X ray source for
availability, stability, capacity and brilliance
The Upgrade Programme
@ Phase II (from 2015 to 2019)
Four new beamlines Developments in instrumentation and support facilities Increase the brilliance and the coherence of the source implementation of a low emittance lattice horizontal emittance reduced from 4nm to 150pm
• Project endorsed by ESRF council in November 2012• Technical Design Study (TDS) by June 2014
New buildings available
ESLS, Karlsruhe/KIT, 21-22 November 2013 J. Jacob: Status of the ESRF upgrade 6
ID16
7ESLS, Karlsruhe/KIT, 21-22 November 2013 J. Jacob: Status of the ESRF upgrade
Accelerator Upgrade Phase I
• Upgrade of BPM electronics• Improvement of the beam position stability• Coupling reduction
• 6 m long straight sections• Cryogenic in-vacuum undulators• 7 m straight sections
• New RF SSA Transmitters
• New RF Cavities
• Top-up operation
• Studies for the reduction of the horizontal emittance
Done Done (z = 4 pm)
Two CPMUs installed Done (cell 23 in winter 2012)
4 in operation on booster 2 in operation on SR cell 23
2 in operation on 7 m cell 231 more beginning of 2013
Done (8 operational)
Ongoing project
TDS in progress
7 metre ID23
7 metre ID23
Done
CPMU
Single cell HOM damped cavity
SSA
Standard cell
6 metre straight
Top up project (phase 1)Tested in September 2013 with users to determine the optimum injection rate: • Every 10 to 20 min = good
compromise between small heat load variation
and minimum injection disturbance
Phase 1 project for end 2015• Linac and Injection/Extraction
refurbishment: in progress• Fast booster injection kicker: in project• Resonant cleaning in the booster: in
progress• Ramped booster power supplies (4 Hz):
in project• RF solid state amplifiers in the booster:
since March 2012• 2 4 five-cell cavities in project
16 bunch filling (life = 12 h)with artificial vertical beam blow up to increase lifetime
At ESRF: Top up largely beneficial for time structured fillings with high current per bunch, penalised by short lifetime
ESLS, Karlsruhe/KIT, 21-22 November 2013 J. Jacob: Status of the ESRF upgrade 8
Top up every 10 min, 20 min, 30 min
917th ESLS RF, Berlin, 18-19 September 2013 J. Jacob: Status of the ESRF RF upgrade
Booster
RF upgrade phase 1Storage Ring
Cell 5Cav 1 & 2
Cell 7Cav 3 & 4
Teststand
Klys1 Klys2
SY Cav 1 & 2
150 kW
150 kW
150 kW
150 kW
pulsed
Replacement of Booster Klystron by: 4 X 150 kW SSAs from ELTA / AREVA: In operation since March 2012
10 Hz pulses / 30 % average/peak power
1 common 280 V dc / 400 kW power supply
3.2 F anti-flicker & smoothing capacitor banks: Wall plug power: 400 kW instead of 1.2MW
3 X 150 kW SSA from ELTA Powering 3 new HOM damped
cavities on the storage ring
1st SSA to power 1 cavity since August 2013
2 SSAs / 2 cavities active in normal operation since October 2013
3rd SSA+Cavity: January 2014
150 kW150 kW
Cell 23, length 5 m 7 m
prototype HOM damped cavities … 2 cavities tested with beam
in 2011-2013 on cell 25 with klystron transmitter TRA3
150 kW
… 3 prototype HOM damped cavities August 2013: 2 cavities in
new 7 m section/cell 23
December 2013: installation of 3rd cavity
1017th ESLS RF, Berlin, 18-19 September 2013 J. Jacob: Status of the ESRF RF upgrade
HOM damped cavities for upgrade phases 1 & 2
3 functional cavities in house from RI, CINEL and SDMS
12 additional cavities in procurement in the frame of phase 1 : proposals for the next cavities
in house order to be placed coming
weeks delivery scheduled end 2015
-------
15 cavities: 14 for the ring and 1 spare
Phase 1 (existing lattice): 14 HOM damped
cavities + 2 five-cell cavities for more stability & more robust RF working points
Phase 2 (low emittance ring):• 14 HOM damped
cavities mandatory for stability !
Strategy – RF transmitters
• 150 kW SOLEIL – ELTA SSAs with coaxial combiners: 4 units on the booster (March 2012) 3 units on the SR will (last one in operation from
January 2014) to feed 3 new cavities
• Remaining HOM damped cavities could be started with power from existing klystron transmitters
• Ongoing ESRF in house development of SSAs Successful test of first 12 kW prototype SSA using a
cavity combiner (funded by EU under FP7/ESFRI/CRISP)
Next step: 75 … 100 kW prototype
• Gradual implementation of more SSAs envisaged in longer term
1117th ESLS RF, Berlin, 18-19 September 2013 J. Jacob: Status of the ESRF RF upgrade
352 MHz 1.3 MW Klystron
Thales TH 2089
Accelerator Upgrade Phase II
• Reduce the horizontal equilibrium emittance from 4 nm to 150 pm• Maintain the existing ID straights and beamlines• Maintain the existing bending magnet beamlines• Preserve the time structure operation and a multibunch current of 200 mA• Keep the present injector complex• Reuse, as much as possible, existing hardware• Minimize the energy lost in synchrotron radiation • Minimize operation costs, mainly wall-plug power• Limit the downtime for installation and commissioning to about one year.
A recurrent request from ESRF beamlines: reduction of the horizontal emittance … … with the strong constraint of re-using the same tunnel and infrastructure
Thanks to the worldwide efforts made to develop an Ultimate Storage Ring,the ESRF is re-addressing the question, with the following requirements:
Present DBA lattice
Future7 bend lattice
ESLS, Karlsruhe/KIT, 21-22 November 2013 J. Jacob: Status of the ESRF upgrade 12
Low Emittance Rings Trend
APS II
ESLS, Karlsruhe/KIT, 21-22 November 2013 J. Jacob: Status of the ESRF upgrade 13
Bleu: Dipoles Red: Quadrupoles Green: sextupoles
The ESRF low emittance lattice
Present ESRF latticeDouble Bend Achromat
x = 4 nm.rad
Proposed hybrid 7 Bend Lattice x = 150 pm.rad
@ 7 bending magnets D1to7 reduce the horizontal emittance
@ Space between D1-D2 and D6-D7β-functions and dispersion allowed to grow
chromaticity correction with efficient sextupoles
@ Dipoles D1, D2, D6, D7 longitudinally varying field to further
reduce emittance
@ Central part alternating combined dipole-quadrupolesD3-4-5high-gradient focusing quadrupoles
@ D4 end (0.34T) and D5 entrance (0.85T) Source points for BM beamlines Alternative under study: replace BM
sources by short wigglers for simpler dip/quad design
Ongoing optimization of the Lattice !D1 D2 D6 D7D3 D4 D5
20
20
60
ESLS, Karlsruhe/KIT, 21-22 November 2013 J. Jacob: Status of the ESRF upgrade 14
40
0
10
0
[m]
[m]
The ESRF low emittance lattice
@ 2 quadrupoles on each side of the straight section
provide in the middle (last version S25):x = 4.80 mz= 2.58 m
@ Special injection cell with a larger x
• Same total cell phase advances, same sextupole configuration ⇒ Minimum symmetry breaking
• 2 kickers at phase advance• No sextupole inside the injection bump ⇒ no
perturbation of the stored beam
@ ID’s at same location frf = + 150 kHz
@ Dynamic aperture large enough to: Use the same injector complex
( implementation of frf = + 150 kHz)
Injection section
ESLS, Karlsruhe/KIT, 21-22 November 2013 J. Jacob: Status of the ESRF upgrade 15
Proposed hybrid 7 Bend Lattice x = 150 pm.rad
Brilliance at lower horizontal emittance
E = 6.04 GeVI = 200 mA
Hor. Emittance [nm] 4 0.15
Vert. Emittance [pm] 3 2
Energy spread [%] 0.1 0.09
x[m]/z [m] 37/3 4.3 / 2.6
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
Bril
lianc
e [P
h/s/
0.1%
bw/m
m2 /m
r2 ]
3 4 5 6 7 8 91 keV
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 910 keV
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9100 keV
Photon Energy
1.6 m W150
4 m Helical U88
3.2 m U42
4.8 m U35
4 m CPMU18
Present lattice (plain) New lattice (dashed )
0.85 T bending magnet
4 m CPMU14
x 30
ESLS, Karlsruhe/KIT, 21-22 November 2013 J. Jacob: Status of the ESRF upgrade 16
Coherence at lower horizontal emittance
Hor. Emittance [nm] 4 0.15
Vert. Emittance [pm] 3 2
Energy spread [%] 0.1 0.09
x[m]/z [m] 37/3 4.3 / 2.6
10-5
10-4
10-3
10-2
10-1
100
Coh
eren
t Fra
ctio
n []
3 4 5 6 7 8 91 keV
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 910 keV
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9100 keV
Photon Energy [keV]
4 m helical U88
4 .8 m U35
4 m CPMU18
Present lattice (Plain)New lattice (dashed)
E = 6.04 GeVI = 200 mA
x 30x 4
ESLS, Karlsruhe/KIT, 21-22 November 2013 J. Jacob: Status of the ESRF upgrade 17
18ESLS, Karlsruhe/KIT, 21-22 November 2013 J. Jacob: Status of the ESRF upgrade
• Low emittance ring: same operation modes as existing machine
(preliminary) Multibunch 16-bunches 4-bunchesTotal current [mA] 200 90 40Nb. Bunches 868 16 4Bunch length [ps] 23 61 73Lifetime [h] 12 2 1.5
Lifetime & longitudinal stability
Top up developed in phase 1 will be mandatory for phase 2
• New lattice twice as sensitive to HOM driven LCBI as existing machine:
HOM damped cavities developed in phase 1 are mandatory for phase 2
Technical challenge: magnet system
High gradient quadrupoles 100 Tm-1
• Spec:100 T/m x 335 mm• Bore radius: 11 mm • Mechanical length: 360 mm• 1-2 kW Quadrupole
Around 60Tm-1
Combined dipole quadrupoles0.85 T / 45 Tm-1 & 0.34 T / 50 Tm-1
Sextupoles200 mm2B/dx2 = 3000 Tm-2
Permanent magnet (Sm2Co17) dipoleslongitudinal gradient 0.16 0.6 T, magnetic gap 22 mm,2 metre long, 5 moduleswith a small tuning coil ± 2 %
D1
D2
D6
D7
D3D4
D5
ESLS, Karlsruhe/KIT, 21-22 November 2013 J. Jacob: Status of the ESRF upgrade 19
Magnet design status
• Dipole, quadrupole, sextupole and octupole are well advanced• Combined dipole-quadrupole in progress• Prototyping will start soon
PM dipole module High gradient quadrupole OctupoleSextupole
Technical challenge: magnet system
ESLS, Karlsruhe/KIT, 21-22 November 2013 J. Jacob: Status of the ESRF upgrade 20
Technical challenges: compactness
7 bend lattice
@ Energy efficient source: 30% less power consumption of the SR:• Increase efficiency of the production of magnetic field• RF systems tailored to the reduced losses per turn from 5.4 to about
3.6 MeV/turn, including 0.5 MeV ID radiation
@ Vacuum: • Low vacuum conductance due to reduced aperture of the chambers• Main chambers presumably made from stainless steel with NEG coating
with localised pumping • Lumped absorbers to collect the radiation from dipole magnets
@ Mechanical design very challenging due to the compactness• only 3.4 metre of drift tube per cell instead of today’s 8m
ESLS, Karlsruhe/KIT, 21-22 November 2013 J. Jacob: Status of the ESRF upgrade 21
Implementation
Present DBA lattice
Future7 bend lattice
Use the hall later for long beamlines and support facilities
@ Extension of the experimental hall to provide • 2500 m2 of preparation and storage area
@ Dismount and reconstruct the whole storage ring in about9 months - in 3 sliding parallel working areas
+ 3 months start up and commissioning
ESLS, Karlsruhe/KIT, 21-22 November 2013 J. Jacob: Status of the ESRF upgrade 22
Road map
Budget: 100 M€ Implementation of the new storage ring lattice10 M€ Extension for the experimental hall20 M€ Four state of the art beamlines20 M€ Instrumentation and support facilities
Schedule:◊ Nov 2012 White paper
Nov 2012- June 2014 Technical Design Study◊ Nov 2014 Council decision
Jan 2015 – Aug 2018 Detailed design and procurement◊ End 2016 Preparation and storage building
Aug 2018– Aug 2019 Shutdown for installation and commissioning◊ Autumn 2019 Back to operation
TDS in progress Done
ESLS, Karlsruhe/KIT, 21-22 November 2013 J. Jacob: Status of the ESRF upgrade 23
• First APAC Meeting held on 5-6 September 2013.
• Very positive and constructive event
• 3 APAC Meetings foreseen in 2014 (first on January 23-24)
Present DBA lattice
Future7 bend lattice
Conclusion
Thanks to: • the large expertise gained during ESRF UP phase 1 • and the worldwide efforts to develop Diffraction Limited Storage Rings,
ESRF Upgrade Phase II will be an excellent opportunity to:• drastically increase the brightness of our Light Source before 2020and also:• improve and expand the science reach of the SR-based light sources• enable new technologies• provide important know-how to continue the push for higher performances in SR-
based Light Sources
ESLS, Karlsruhe/KIT, 21-22 November 2013 J. Jacob: Status of the ESRF upgrade 24
25ESLS, Karlsruhe/KIT, 21-22 November 2013 J. Jacob: Status of the ESRF upgrade
Thank you !!