Group membersYash Ajmera 105Rohit Gada 119Reena Jadhav 124Anik Kansara 133Nimesh Panchal 150Ashwini Panchal 161

Introduction to Statistics

It is interesting to see the reputation of statistics. Disraeli said there are three kinds of lies- lies, damned lies and statistics. One of the more amusing and informative book by Darrel Hutf is entitled “How to lie with statistics”. Besides the errors that statisticians make, the use of Jargon makes the layman suspicious of statistics. People feel that statistics can be used to prove any dishonest thesis. By studying statistics, people can make sure that they will not be lied to buy any statistician, using statistics in an improper manner. By proper education, ignorance and error can be reduced.

The word statistics describe several concept of importance to decision- maker. It is important for a beginner to have a understanding of this statistical concepts.

Statistics has a precise technical meaning. Measures derived from the sample data are referred to a statistics. If only one measure is obtained is called as statistic.

A SURVEY WAS CONDUCTED BY US IN F.Y.B.M.S. ‘A’ DIV REGARDING THEIR MONTHLY HOUSE HOLD EXPENSES. STUDENTS WERE TOLD TO ASK THEIR PARENTS REGARDING THE MONTHLY HOUSE HOLD EXPENSES.

THE DATA OBTAINED WAS AS FOLLOWS :-

Roll no. Monthly house hold expenses(in Rs) (x)

101 15,000102 16,000103 20,000104 12,000105 10,000106 -107 17,000108 30,000109 17,000110 9,000111 7,000112 25,500113 18,500114 14,000115 12,000116 11,000117 26,000118 13,500119 14,000120 17,000

121 -122 21,000123 17,500124 19,500125 13,000126 4,000127 17,000128 14,500129 12,000130 3,000131 3,500132 17,500133 25,000134 17,500135 13,500136 18,000137 24,000138 14,000139 -140 14,000141 2,500142 7,000143 28,000144 29,000145 19,000146 6,500147 10,000148 8,500

149 23,000150 26,500151 10,000152 24,500153 12,000154 17,000155 23,000156 18,000157 27,000158 28,000159 28,000160 14,000161 7,500162 17,000163 24,000

FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION TABLE OF ABOVE DATA

Monthly Expenses Tally Marks No. of Students0 – 5,000 IIII 45,000 – 10,000 IIII I 610,000 – 15,000 IIII IIII IIII II 1715,000 – 20,000 IIII IIII IIII I 1620,000 – 25,000 IIII II 725,000 – 30,000 IIII IIII 10TOTAL 60

DATA NOT AVAILABLE FOR Roll no. :- 106 , 121 , 139

PIE DIAGRAM OF ABOVE DATA

NO. OF STUDENTS

0 - 5,0005,000 - 10,00010,000 - 15,00015,000 - 20,00020,000- 25,00025,000 - 30,000

HISTOGRAM OF ABOVE DATA

In The batch of 60 students the monthly house hold expense obtained by statistics in the class are as follows

Calculate the ARITHMETIC MEAN of Monthly house hold expense –

Mean

x = ∑ x

n

x = 983,000 = 16,383.33 60

The ARITHMETIC MEAN OF THE ABOVE OBSERVATION IS

Rs. 16,383.

ARITHMETIC MEDIAN OF THE ABOVE OBSERVATION

Monthly Expenses

No. of Students Less than cumulative frequency

0 – 5,000 4 45,000 – 10,000 6 1010,000 – 15,000 17 2715,000 – 20,000 16 4320,000 – 25,000 7 5025,000 – 30,000 10 60TOTAL 60

ARITHEMATIC MODE

Monthly Expenses

No. of Students

0 – 5,000 45,000 – 10,000 610,000 – 15,000 1715,000 – 20,000 1620,000 – 25,000 725,000 – 30,000 10TOTAL 60

Quartile Deviation

Monthly Expenses

No. of Students Less than cumulative frequency

0 – 5,000 4 45,000 – 10,000 6 1010,000 – 15,000 17 2715,000 – 20,000 16 4320,000 – 25,000 7 5025,000 – 30,000 10 60TOTAL 60

Standard Deviation

Monthly Expenses

No. of Students (f)

Mid – Value (x)

u= x-12,500 5,000

fu fu*u

0 – 5,000 4 2,500 -2 -8 16

5,000 – 10,000

6 7,500 -1 -6 6

10,000 – 15,000

17 12,500 0 0 0

15,000 – 20,000

16 17,500 1 16 16

20,000 – 25,000

7 22,500 2 14 28

25,000 – 30,000

10 27,500 3 30 90

60 46 156

CONCLUSION :-

From the above Statistical method we conclude that Statistics is not only used in house hold but also use in corporate sector, industrial sector, agriculture sector, etc. Thus we conclude that statistics is very important in our day to day life. The point we conclude is statistics is not an abstract subject but it is a practical subject in this modern world.