Statistical Vertical Turbulence Profiles at the Canary...
Transcript of Statistical Vertical Turbulence Profiles at the Canary...
Alghero, Sardegna ___ September 2008Optical Turbulence: Astronomy meets Meteorology
B. García-Lorenzo1, J.J. Fuensalida1, J. Castro-Almazán1, & M.A.C. Rodríguez-Hernández1
(1) Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
www.otri.iac.es/sitesting/principalwww.otri.iac.es/sitesting/principalwww.iac.es/project/gare
Statistical Vertical Turbulence Profiles at Statistical Vertical Turbulence Profiles at the Canary Islands Astronomical Sitesthe Canary Islands Astronomical Sites
Cute-SCIDAR Instrument at Jacobus Kapteyn
Telescope (ORM)
SH-SCIDAR Instrument at Carlos Sánchez
Telescope (OT)
Alghero, Sardegna ___ September 2008Optical Turbulence: Astronomy meets Meteorology
Teide ObservatoryTeide ObservatoryTeide Observatory
Roque de los MuchachosRoque de los MuchachosRoque de los MuchachosObservatoryObservatoryObservatory
~160 km~160 km~160 km
Alghero, Sardegna ___ September 2008Optical Turbulence: Astronomy meets Meteorology
Characterization of the vertical atmospheric structure Characterization of the vertical atmospheric structure with statistical significance for MCAO in ELT:with statistical significance for MCAO in ELT:
⇒ To develop instruments with common user facilities, e.g.:Cute-SCIDAR for Paranal (Vázquez-Ramió et al. 2008, SPIE, 7012, 161)Hybrid Shack-Hartmann/G-SCIDAR for Teide observatory (Rodríguez-Hernández et al. 2007, SPIE, 6747, 28)Cute-SCIDAR- for La Palma (Fuensalida et al. 2004, INGN, 8, 1)
⇒ To develop new software in order to simplify and to speed up the data reduction in real time
Dome seeing correction (Fuensalida, García-Lorenzo & Hoegemann 2008, MNRAS, tmp897)
Wind profiling with wavelet analysis (García-Lorenzo & Fuensalida 2006, MNRAS, 372, 1483)
⇒ Wind statistical results with meteorological archivesV0 versus V200 (García-Lorenzo et al. 2008, this conference)
Site ranking based on tropospheric wind statistics (García-Lorenzo et al. 2005, MNRAS, 356, 849)
Statistics of V200 at the Canary Islands (Chueca et al. 2004, MNRAS, 349, 627)
⇒ Statistics of CN2 profiles
OT since 2002 (e.g. García-Lorenzo, Fuensalida & Rodríguez-Hernández 2007, SPIE, 6747, 11)
ORM since 2004 (e.g. Fuensalida et al. 2007, RMxAC, 31, 86)
Alghero, Sardegna ___ September 2008Optical Turbulence: Astronomy meets Meteorology
Translation stage in theoptical axis for changing theconjugated plane and forsetting purposes.
Translation stages XY axisfor adjusting the CCD tooptical axis.
Electronic diaphragm foralignment purposes.
Graphical interface thatshows a partialautocorrelation in Real Time.
All images are saved.
It is installed at the 1mJKT (ORM)
Operated from the 1mJKT control room.
Rotation.
It is based on the original Generalized-SCIDAR to be used systematically
*Sampling rate= 1-3 ms *Integration time= 2 s *Frame size=256x256 pix with several binning
CuteCute--SCIDAR instrumentSCIDAR instrument
Alghero, Sardegna ___ September 2008Optical Turbulence: Astronomy meets Meteorology
G-SCIDAR + Shack-Hartmann capable of running simultaneously
Contron in the two branches
All images are saved.
It is installed at the 1.5mTCS (OT)
Operated from the 1.5mTCS control room.
Rotation and Translation
GG--SCIDAR+ShackSCIDAR+Shack--Hartmann instrumentHartmann instrument
Shack-Hartmann sensor:* Andor
Camera: Electron Multiplying* CCD detector based on E2V CCD 60.* 128 x 128 pixels, 24x24 µm pixels siz* Three axis translations stages.* Lenslet
array: 34 mm focal length and 312.5 μm
pitch.* 50 mm collimator lens.* Electronic diaphragm for alignment purposes.
Shack-Hartmann sensor:* Andor
Camera: Electron Multiplying* CCD detector based on E2V CCD 60.* 128 x 128 pixels, 24x24 µm pixels siz* Three axis translations stages.* Lenslet
array: 34 mm focal length and 312.5 μm
pitch.* 50 mm collimator lens.* Electronic diaphragm for alignment purposes.
Alghero, Sardegna ___ September 2008Optical Turbulence: Astronomy meets Meteorology
Monitoring of the turbulence structure at ORM and OTMonitoring of the turbulence structure at ORM and OT
⇒ The systematic monitoring began in February 2004
⇒ Frequency: 7-4-8 nights every month
⇒ Data for >165 nights
ORM (La Palma)⇒ The systematic monitoring began in Nov 2002 / July 2005
⇒ Frequency: ~4-6 nights every month
⇒ Data for >140 nights
OT (Tenerife)
Alghero, Sardegna ___ September 2008Optical Turbulence: Astronomy meets Meteorology
Evolution of CEvolution of CNN
22(h) along a night(h) along a night
2006/05/26 ORM
1 2 3 4Universal Time
0
5
10
15
20
25
Alti
tude
abo
ve s
ea le
vel (
km)
2006/05/26 ORM
1 2 3 4Universal Time
0
5
10
15
20
25
Alti
tude
abo
ve s
ea le
vel (
km)
-18.5
-18.1
-17.7
-17.3
-16.9
-16.5
-16.1
-15.7
-15.3
-14.9
-14.5
Log
(CN
2 (m
-2/3))
2006/05/26 OT
1 2 3 4Universal Time
0
5
10
15
20
25
Alti
tude
abo
ve s
ea le
vel (
km)
2006/05/26 OT
1 2 3 4Universal Time
0
5
10
15
20
25
Alti
tude
abo
ve s
ea le
vel (
km)
-18.0
-17.7
-17.4
-17.1
-16.8
-16.5
-16.2
-15.9
-15.6
-15.3
-15.0
Log
(CN
2 (m
-2/3))
Alghero, Sardegna ___ September 2008Optical Turbulence: Astronomy meets Meteorology
Statistical coverage of profiles at the ORMStatistical coverage of profiles at the ORM
Jan04 Feb04 Mar04 Apr04 May04 Jun04 Jul04 Aug04 Sep04 Oct04 Nov04 Dec04
--- 3 6 8 6 5 7 7 9 2 4 4
--- 2323 5942 9586 5953 5702 7530 8186 8867 1260 3847 3191
Jan05 Feb05 Mar05 Apr05 May05 Jun05 Jul05 Aug05 Sep05 Oct05 Nov05 Dec05
7 1 3 4 4 7 4 3 3 3 2 2
10451 381 1218 4692 4061 5392 4372 1357 1791 3292 1084 2170
Jan06 Feb06 Mar06 Apr06 May06 Jun06 Jul06 Aug06 Sep06 Oct06 Nov06 Dec06
2 2 2 3 4 --- 3 2 1 1 --- ---
2459 2912 1640 2710 4363 --- 3203 1933 1329 275 --- ---
Jan07 Feb07 Mar07 Apr07 May07 Jun07 Jul07 Aug07 Sep07 Oct07 Nov07 Dec07
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Jan08 Feb08 Mar08 Apr08 May08 Jun08 Jul08 Aug08 Sep08 Oct08 Nov08 Dec08
4 1 5 2 3 6 5 7
2860 961 4426 671 3200 6433 3208
Alghero, Sardegna ___ September 2008Optical Turbulence: Astronomy meets Meteorology
Monthly statistical Monthly statistical behaviourbehaviour
of Cof CNN
22(h) at the ORM(h) at the ORM
Alghero, Sardegna ___ September 2008Optical Turbulence: Astronomy meets Meteorology
Statistical coverage of profiles at the OTStatistical coverage of profiles at the OT
Jan04 Feb04 Mar04 Apr04 May04 Jun04 Jul04 Aug04 Sep04 Oct04 Nov04 Dec04
--- 1 2 3 4 --- 2 3 5 3 --- ---
--- 1142 1281 2451 2507 --- 1493 876 3064 1454 --- ---
Jan05 Feb05 Mar05 Apr05 May05 Jun05 Jul05 Aug05 Sep05 Oct05 Nov05 Dec05
1 --- 3 3 5 4 4 7 7 2 --- ---
467 --- 680 1865 4389 2496 1622 4785 4793 1203 --- ---
Jan06 Feb06 Mar06 Apr06 May06 Jun06 Jul06 Aug06 Sep06 Oct06 Nov06 Dec06
1 2 3 4 3 4 3 5 2 --- --- 1
103 1113 2151 2703 1669 2945 1379 3339 1765 --- --- 766
Jan07 Feb07 Mar07 Apr07 May07 Jun07 Jul07 Aug07 Sep07 Oct07 Nov07 Dec07
--- --- 6 6 --- --- --- 3 3 --- --- ---
--- --- 3483 3259 --- --- --- 2014 2186 --- --- ---
Jan08 Feb08 Mar08 Apr08 May08 Jun08 Jul08 Aug08 Sep08 Oct08 Nov08 Dec08
--- 1 --- 4 --- 4 --- 4
--- 381 --- 3160 --- 2341 ---
Jan03 Feb03 Mar03 Apr03 May03 Jun03 Jul03 Aug03 Sep03 Oct03 Nov03 Dec03
--- 2 --- 1 3 2 2 8 2 --- --- ---
--- 635 --- 308 1507 797 1342 5254 1448 --- --- ---
Nov02 Dec02
1 4
593 4201
Alghero, Sardegna ___ September 2008Optical Turbulence: Astronomy meets Meteorology
Monthly statistical Monthly statistical behaviourbehaviour
of Cof CNN
22(h) at the OT(h) at the OT
Alghero, Sardegna ___ September 2008Optical Turbulence: Astronomy meets Meteorology
Comparison of the statistical CComparison of the statistical CNN
22(h) at the OT and ORM(h) at the OT and ORM
Teide ObservatoryTeide ObservatoryTeide Observatory
Roque de los MuchachosRoque de los MuchachosRoque de los MuchachosObservatoryObservatoryObservatory
~160 km~160 km~160 km
Alghero, Sardegna ___ September 2008Optical Turbulence: Astronomy meets Meteorology
Comparison of the statistical CComparison of the statistical CNN
22(h) at the OT and ORM(h) at the OT and ORM
Alghero, Sardegna ___ September 2008Optical Turbulence: Astronomy meets Meteorology
Definition of parameters for adaptive opticsDefinition of parameters for adaptive optics
5/3)(21)(cos7.16
02
−
⎟⎟⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛∫
−=
∞dhhNCro λ
γ FriedFried’’ss parameterparameterOptimal number of sub-aperturesto evaluate the wave-front
5/3
2
0
3/52
)(
)()(31.0
⎥⎥⎥⎥
⎦
⎤
⎢⎢⎢⎢
⎣
⎡
∫
∫
=Γ
∞
∞
oN
N
oo
dhhC
dhhVhC
rCoherenceCoherence timetimeFrequency of evaluation
5/3
0
3/521
)()(cos9.114−
∞−
⎥⎥⎦
⎤
⎢⎢⎣
⎡∫= dhhhC No λ
γθIsoplanaticIsoplanatic angleangle
FoV
corrected
Alghero, Sardegna ___ September 2008Optical Turbulence: Astronomy meets Meteorology
Statistical Statistical behaviourbehaviour
of of isoplanaticisoplanatic
angleangle
<AO>OT
= 2.68 +/-
1.34 <AO>ORM
= 2.01 +/-
0.97
Alghero, Sardegna ___ September 2008Optical Turbulence: Astronomy meets Meteorology
Application to an astronomical instrument: Application to an astronomical instrument: EDiFiSEEDiFiSE
EDiFiSE: Equalized and Diffraction-limited Field Spectrograph ExperimentPrototype instrument for the observation of high-contrasted objects
García-Lorenzo et al. 2008, SPIE, 7014, in press
AO+
fiber-coupled lens array+
EIFS
Alghero, Sardegna ___ September 2008Optical Turbulence: Astronomy meets Meteorology
B. García-Lorenzo1, J.J. Fuensalida1, J. Castro-Almazán1, & M.A.C. Rodríguez-Hernández1
(1) Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
www.otri.iac.es/sitesting/principalwww.otri.iac.es/sitesting/principalwww.iac.es/project/gare
Statistical Vertical Turbulence Profiles at Statistical Vertical Turbulence Profiles at the Canary Islands Astronomical Sitesthe Canary Islands Astronomical Sites
Cute-SCIDAR Instrument at Jacobus Kapteyn
Telescope (ORM)
SH-SCIDAR Instrument at Carlos Sánchez
Telescope (OT)