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Transcript of STATE OF COMMODITYY - UNCTAD | Homeunctad.org/en/PublicationsLibrary/suc2014d7_en.pdf · united...
2014
STSTAATE OF COTE OF COMMMMODODITITYY
U N I T E D N AT I O N S C O N F E R E N C E O N T R A D E A N D D E V E L O P M E N T
U N I T E D N AT I O N S C O N F E R E N C E O N T R A D E A N D D E V E L O P M E N T
New York and Geneva, 2015
2014
STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE
3
Table of contents
Abbreviations and Acronyms ............................................................................................................................... 7Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................................................ 8Sources ............................................................................................................................................................. 9Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................... 15List of Countries ............................................................................................................................................... 16List of Commodity-Dependent Developing Countries, 2012-2013........................................................................ 18List of Net Food-Importing Developing Countries, 2012-2013 ............................................................................. 20
............................................................. 22 ................................................................. 25
REGIONAL OVERVIEW
Figure 1. Percentage of labour force and women’s labour force working in agriculture, by region, 2012-2013 .... 28 ..... 28
................. 29Figure 4. Developing country agricultural exports, by region, 2012-2013 .......................................................... 29Figure 5. Developing country fuel exports, by region, 2012-2013 ..................................................................... 30Figure 6. Developing country minerals, ores and metals exports, by region, 2012-2013 .................................... 30
......................................... 31Figure 8. Composition of commodity exports, by region, 2012-2013 ................................................................ 31
.......................................... 32Figure 10. Commodity export dependence and export concentration ratio in developing countries, 2012-2013 ..... 32
INDIVIDUAL PROFILES
Eastern AfricaBurundi .......................................................................................................................................................... 37Comoros ......................................................................................................................................................... 38Djibouti ........................................................................................................................................................... 39Eritrea ............................................................................................................................................................ 40
.......................................................................................................................................................... 41Kenya ............................................................................................................................................................. 42
.................................................................................................................................................... 43 ........................................................................................................................................................... 44
........................................................................................................................................................ 45 ................................................................................................................................................... 46
.......................................................................................................................................................... 47 ...................................................................................................................................................... 48
Somalia .......................................................................................................................................................... 49 ................................................................................................................................................... 50
........................................................................................................................................................... 51 ............................................................................................................................. 52
Zambia ........................................................................................................................................................... 53Zimbabwe....................................................................................................................................................... 54
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Middle AfricaAngola ............................................................................................................................................................ 57Cameroon ....................................................................................................................................................... 58
.................................................................................................................................. 59 .............................................................................................................................................................. 60
Congo ............................................................................................................................................................ 61 .................................................................................................................... 62
............................................................................................................................................ 63Gabon ............................................................................................................................................................ 64Sao Tome and Principe .................................................................................................................................... 65
Northern AfricaAlgeria ............................................................................................................................................................ 69Egypt .............................................................................................................................................................. 70Libya .............................................................................................................................................................. 71
......................................................................................................................................................... 72Sudan ............................................................................................................................................................ 73Tunisia ............................................................................................................................................................ 74
Southern AfricaBotswana ....................................................................................................................................................... 77
.......................................................................................................................................................... 78Namibia .......................................................................................................................................................... 79
.................................................................................................................................................... 80 ....................................................................................................................................................... 81
Western AfricaBenin ............................................................................................................................................................. 85Burkina Faso ................................................................................................................................................... 86Cabo Verde ..................................................................................................................................................... 87Côte D’ivoire ................................................................................................................................................... 88Gambia........................................................................................................................................................... 89
............................................................................................................................................................ 90Guinea ............................................................................................................................................................ 91Guinea-Bissau ................................................................................................................................................ 92Liberia ............................................................................................................................................................ 93
................................................................................................................................................................ 94 ...................................................................................................................................................... 95
Niger .............................................................................................................................................................. 96Nigeria ........................................................................................................................................................... 97Senegal .......................................................................................................................................................... 98Sierra Leone ................................................................................................................................................... 99Togo ............................................................................................................................................................. 100
CaribbeanAntigua And Barbuda ..................................................................................................................................... 103
...................................................................................................................................................... 104Barbados ...................................................................................................................................................... 105Cuba ............................................................................................................................................................ 106Dominica ...................................................................................................................................................... 107
....................................................................................................................................... 108Grenada ....................................................................................................................................................... 109
............................................................................................................................................................. 110Jamaica ....................................................................................................................................................... 111
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Saint Kitts and Nevis ...................................................................................................................................... 112Saint Lucia .................................................................................................................................................... 113
................................................................................................................... 114Trinidad and Tobago ...................................................................................................................................... 115
Central America ........................................................................................................................................................... 119
.................................................................................................................................................... 120El Salvador .................................................................................................................................................... 121Guatemala .................................................................................................................................................... 122
...................................................................................................................................................... 123 ......................................................................................................................................................... 124
Nicaragua ..................................................................................................................................................... 125Panama ........................................................................................................................................................ 126
South AmericaArgentina ...................................................................................................................................................... 129
......................................................................................................................... 130 ............................................................................................................................................................ 131 ............................................................................................................................................................ 132
Colombia ...................................................................................................................................................... 133Ecuador ........................................................................................................................................................ 134Guyana ......................................................................................................................................................... 135Paraguay ...................................................................................................................................................... 136Peru ............................................................................................................................................................. 137Suriname ...................................................................................................................................................... 138
........................................................................................................................................................ 139 .................................................................................................................. 140
Eastern Asia ........................................................................................................................................................... 143
........................................................................................................... 144 ...................................................................................................................................................... 145
.......................................................................................................................................... 146
Southern Asia .................................................................................................................................................. 149 ................................................................................................................................................... 150
......................................................................................................................................................... 151India ............................................................................................................................................................. 152
................................................................................................................................ 153 ....................................................................................................................................................... 154
Nepal ........................................................................................................................................................... 155Pakistan ....................................................................................................................................................... 156Sri Lanka ...................................................................................................................................................... 157
South-Eastern AsiaBrunei Darussalam ........................................................................................................................................ 161Cambodia ..................................................................................................................................................... 162Indonesia ...................................................................................................................................................... 163
................................................................................................................. 164 ....................................................................................................................................................... 165 ...................................................................................................................................................... 166
.................................................................................................................................................... 167
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
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Singapore ..................................................................................................................................................... 168 ....................................................................................................................................................... 169
Timor-Leste .................................................................................................................................................. 170Viet Nam ...................................................................................................................................................... 171
Western Asia ......................................................................................................................................................... 175
.............................................................................................................................................................. 176Jordan .......................................................................................................................................................... 177Kuwait .......................................................................................................................................................... 178Lebanon ....................................................................................................................................................... 179Oman ........................................................................................................................................................... 180Qatar ............................................................................................................................................................ 181Saudi Arabia ................................................................................................................................................. 182
.................................................................................................................................... 183Turkey ......................................................................................................................................................... 184
.................................................................................................................................... 185Yemen ......................................................................................................................................................... 186
OceaniaFiji ............................................................................................................................................................... 189Kiribati ......................................................................................................................................................... 190
........................................................................................................................................... 191 .................................................................................................................... 192
Nauru ........................................................................................................................................................... 193Palau ............................................................................................................................................................ 194Papua New Guinea ........................................................................................................................................ 195Samoa .......................................................................................................................................................... 196Solomon Islands ............................................................................................................................................ 197Tonga ........................................................................................................................................................... 198Tuvalu .......................................................................................................................................................... 199Vanuatu ........................................................................................................................................................ 200
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ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
. Decimal point
n.a. Not available
- Zero
% Per cent
GDP Gross Domestic Product
ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The State of Commodity Dependence 2014
DISCLAIMER
of its frontiers or boundaries.
COPYRIGHT
9
SOURCES
The State of Commodity Dependence 2012.
GENERAL INFORMATION
Country area (square kilometres), 2010 and 2012
not appear in FAOStat.
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012
meadows for mowing or pasture, land under market and
is not included and data for arable land are not meant to
-
Population (1,000 inhabitants), 2010 and 2012
Total fertility rate (children per woman), 2005-2010
Department of Economic and Social Affairs
Labour force (1,000 workers), 2010 and 2013
Women in labour force as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013
SOURCES
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
10
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013
Women in agriculture as a percentage of labour force in agriculture, 2010 and 2013
Darussalam, Kuwait, Nauru, Qatar, Singapore,
Annual growth rate of real GDP (percentage), 2013
Constant GDP (billions of US$), 2010 and 2013
Value added by economic activity as a percentage of GDP (agriculture / industry / services), 2010 and 2013
statistical discrepancies.
Commodity import value as a percentage of merchandise import value (millions of US$), 2009/10 and 2012/13
2010 and 2012-2013 periods.
Real GDP per capita (US$), 2010 and 2013
MDG 1.1: Proportion of population below $1.25 (PPP) per day, selected years
Present
Guinea, Eritrea, Grenada, Kiribati, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya,
Past
Bank
11
Gini index (percentage), latest available year
Bank
Guinea, Eritrea, Grenada, Kiribati, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya,
Arab Emirates, Vanuatu and Zimbabwe.
Human Development Index (rank), 2013 and direction of change in ranking (2000-2013)
Comoros, Djibouti, Eritrea, Grenada, Guinea, Guinea
2013 and 2013
2000 and 2013.
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
Commodity exports as a percentage of merchandise exports (millions of US$), 2009/10 and 2012/13
Commodity exports as a percentage of GDP, 2009/10 and 2012/13
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
a a
SOURCES
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
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Exports by commodity group as a percentage of total commodity exports, 2009/10 and 2012/13
cent due to rounding.
– Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold
Data for Cabo Verde, Sierra Leone and Togo were revised by
Three leading commodity exports as a percentage of commodity exports, 2009/10 and 2012/13
Five leading destination markets for commodity exports as a percentage of commodity exports, 2009/10 and 2012/13
index), 2000 and 2013
1995-2009.
market between exporters or importers.
13
FOOD SECURITY
All food imports value as a percentage of commodity import value (millions of US$), 2009/10 and 2012/13
Net food imports (millions of US$), 2009/10 and 2012/13
food imports minus value of all food exports. All food
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013
Nations Statistics Division
Nauru, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Qatar, Saint Kitts
SOURCES
15
INTRODUCTION
In The State of Commodity Dependence Report 2014
The State of Commodity Dependence 2014 provides
Asia and Oceania.
1
across regions.
1 Crude petroleum, average of UK Brent (light)/Dubai (medium)/Texas (heavy) equally weighted ($/barrel), UNCTADstat
INTRODUCTION
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
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LIST OF COUNTRIES
DEVELOPING ECONOMIES: AFRICA
Developing economies: Eastern Africa
Burundi*Comoros*Djibouti*Eritrea*
Kenya
Somalia*
Zambia*Zimbabwe
Developing economies: Middle Africa
Angola*Cameroon
Congo
GabonSao Tome and Principe*
Developing economies: Northern Africa
AlgeriaEgyptLibya
Sudan*a
TunisiaDeveloping economies: Southern Africa
Botswana
Namibia
Developing economies: Western Africa
Benin*Burkina Faso*Cabo VerdeCôte d’IvoireGambia*
Guinea*Guinea-Bissau*Liberia*
Niger*NigeriaSenegal*Sierra Leone*Togo*
DEVELOPING ECONOMIES: AMERICAS
Developing economies: Caribbean
Antigua and Barbuda
BarbadosCubaDominica
Grenada
JamaicaSaint Kitts and NevisSaint Lucia
Trinidad and TobagoDeveloping economies: Central America
El SalvadorGuatemala
NicaraguaPanama
Developing economies: South America
Argentina
17
ColombiaEcuadorGuyanaParaguayPeruSuriname
DEVELOPING ECONOMIES: ASIA
Developing economies: Eastern Asiab
Developing economies: Southern Asia
India
Nepal*PakistanSri Lanka
Developing economies: South-Eastern Asia
Brunei DarussalamCambodia*Indonesia
Singapore
Timor-Leste*Viet Nam
Developing economies: Western Asia
JordanKuwaitLebanonOmanQatarSaudi Arabia
Turkey
Yemen*
DEVELOPING ECONOMIES: OCEANIA
FijiKiribati*
NauruPalauPapua New GuineaSamoaSolomon Islands*TongaTuvalu*Vanuatu*
14
LIST OF COUNTRIES
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
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LIST OF COMMODITY-DEPENDENT DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, 2012-2013
DEVELOPING ECONOMIES: AFRICA
Developing economies: Eastern Africa
BurundiDjiboutiEritrea
Kenya
Somalia
ZambiaZimbabwe
Developing economies: Middle Africa
AngolaCameroon
Congo
GabonSao Tome and Principe
Developing economies: Northern Africa
AlgeriaLibya
Developing economies: Southern Africa
BotswanaNamibia
Developing economies: Western Africa
BeninBurkina FasoCabo VerdeCôte d’IvoireGambia
Guinea
Guinea-BissauLiberia
NigerNigeriaSenegalSierra LeoneTogo
DEVELOPING ECONOMIES: AMERICAS
Developing economies: Caribbean
CubaJamaicaSaint LuciaTrinidad and Tobago
Developing economies: Central America
GuatemalaNicaragua
Developing economies: South America
Argentina
ColombiaEcuadorGuyanaParaguayPeruSuriname
DEVELOPING ECONOMIES: ASIA
Developing economies: Eastern Asia
Developing economies: Southern Asia
19
Developing economies: South-Eastern Asia
Brunei DarussalamIndonesia
Timor-LesteDeveloping economies: Western Asia
KuwaitOmanQatarSaudi Arabia
Yemen
DEVELOPING ECONOMIES: OCEANIA
FijiKiribati
NauruPalauPapua New GuineaSolomon IslandsTongaTuvaluVanuatu
LIST OF COMMODITY-DEPENDENT DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, 2012-2013
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
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LIST OF NET FOOD-IMPORTING DEVELOPING COUNTRIES(a), 2012-2013
DEVELOPING ECONOMIES: AFRICA
Developing economies: Eastern Africa
BurundiComorosDjiboutiEritrea
SomaliaDeveloping economies: Middle Africa
AngolaCameroon
Congo
GabonSao Tome and Principe
Developing economies: Northern Africa
AlgeriaEgyptLibya
SudanTunisia
Developing economies: Southern Africa
Botswana
Developing economies: Western Africa
BeninBurkina FasoCabo VerdeGambiaGuineaLiberia
NigerNigeriaSenegalTogo
DEVELOPING ECONOMIES: AMERICAS
Developing economies: Caribbean
Antigua and Barbuda
BarbadosCubaDominica
Grenada
JamaicaSaint Kitts and Nevis
Trinidad and TobagoDeveloping economies: Central America
El Salvador
Developing economies: South America
ColombiaSuriname
DEVELOPING ECONOMIES: ASIA
Developing economies: Eastern Asia
Developing economies: Southern Asia
NepalPakistan
Developing economies: South-Eastern Asia
Brunei DarussalamCambodia
SingaporeTimor-LesteViet Nam
21
Developing economies: Western Asia
JordanKuwaitLebanonOmanQatarSaudi Arabia
Yemen
DEVELOPING ECONOMIES: OCEANIA
Kiribati
NauruPalauSamoaSolomon IslandsTongaTuvaluVanuatu
LIST OF COMMODITY-DEPENDENT DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, 2012-2013
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
22
LIST OF STANDARD INTERNATIONAL TRADE CLASSIFICATION (THIRD REVISION) CODES
[0] FOOD AND LIVE ANIMALS
23
[1] BEVERAGES AND TOBACCO
[2] CRUDE MATERIALS, INEDIBLE, EXCEPT FUELS
LIST OF STANDARD INTERNATIONAL TRADE CLASSIFICATION (THIRD REVISION) CODES
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
24
[3] MINERAL FUELS, LUBRICANTS AND RELATED MATERIALS
[4] ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE OILS, FATS AND WAXES
or oils, n.e.s.
25
DEVELOPING COUNTRY DEPENDENCY ON COMMODITIES, 2012–2013 (map)
0%-2
0%20
%-4
0%40
%-6
0%60
%-8
0%80
%-1
00%
Sour
ce:
Spec
ial U
nit o
n Co
mm
oditi
es, U
NCTA
D, u
sing
dat
a fr
om U
NCTA
DSta
t
Note
: Co
mm
odity
exp
orts
as
a pe
rcen
tage
of m
erch
andi
se e
xpor
ts
DEVELOPING COUNTRY DEPENDENCY ON COMMODITIES, 2012–2013
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
28
FIGURE 1. PERCENTAGE OF LABOUR FORCE AND WOMEN’S LABOUR FORCE WORKING IN AGRICULTURE, BY REGION, 2012-2013
FIGURE 2. COMMODITY EXPORT VALUE AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL MERCHANDISE EXPORT VALUE, BY REGION, 2012-2013
0
20
40
60
80
100
Wor
ld
LDCs
East
ern
Afric
a
Mid
dle
Afric
a
Nort
hern
Afr
ica
Sout
hern
Afr
ica
Wes
tern
Afr
ica
Carib
bean
Cent
ral A
mer
ica
Sout
h Am
eric
a
East
ern
Asia
Sout
hern
Asi
a
Sout
h-Ea
ster
n As
ia
Wes
tern
Asi
a
Ocea
nia
Share of the population working in agriculture Share of women working in agriculture
Per c
ent
0
20
40
60
80
100
Wor
ld
LDCs
East
ern
Afric
a
Mid
dle
Afric
a
Nort
hern
Afr
ica
Sout
hern
Afr
ica
Wes
tern
Afr
ica
Carib
bean
Cent
ral A
mer
ica
Sout
h Am
eric
a
East
ern
Asia
Sout
hern
Asi
a
Sout
h-Ea
ster
n As
ia
Wes
tern
Asi
a
Ocea
nia
Per c
ent
29
FIGURE 4. DEVELOPING COUNTRY AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS, BY REGION, 2012-2013
FIGURE 3. COMMODITY EXPORTS AS A PERCENTAGE OF THE GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, BY REGION, 2012-2013
0
20
40
60
80
100
Wor
ld
LDCs
East
ern
Afric
a
Mid
dle
Afric
a
Nort
hern
Afr
ica
Sout
hern
Afr
ica
Wes
tern
Afr
ica
Carib
bean
Cent
ral A
mer
ica
Sout
h Am
eric
a
East
ern
Asia
Sout
hern
Asi
a
Sout
h-Ea
ster
n As
ia
Wes
tern
Asi
a
Ocea
nia
Per c
ent
0
20
40
60
80
100
Wor
ld
LDCs
East
ern
Afric
a
Mid
dle
Afric
a
Nort
hern
Afr
ica
Sout
hern
Afr
ica
Wes
tern
Afr
ica
Carib
bean
Cent
ral A
mer
ica
Sout
h Am
eric
a
East
ern
Asia
Sout
hern
Asi
a
Sout
h-Ea
ster
nAs
ia
Wes
tern
Asi
a
Ocea
nia
Agricultural products exports as a percentage of totalcommodity exports, by regional groupings, 2012-2013
Share of individual country groupings in total developingcountries' agricultural product exports, 2012-2013
Per c
ent
REGIONAL OVERVIEW
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
30
FIGURE 5. DEVELOPING COUNTRY FUEL EXPORTS, BY REGION, 2012-2013
FIGURE 6. DEVELOPING COUNTRY MINERALS, ORES AND METALS EXPORTS, BY REGION, 2012-2013
0
20
40
60
80
100
Wor
ld
LDCs
East
ern
Afric
a
Mid
dle
Afric
a
Nort
hern
Afr
ica
Sout
hern
Afr
ica
Wes
tern
Afr
ica
Carib
bean
Cent
ral A
mer
ica
Sout
h Am
eric
a
East
ern
Asia
Sout
hern
Asi
a
Sout
h-Ea
ster
n As
ia
Wes
tern
Asi
a
Ocea
nia
Fuel exports as a percentage of total commodity exports, by regional groupings, 2012-2013
Share of individual country groupings in total developing countries' fuel exports, 2012-2013
Per c
ent
0
20
40
60
80
100
Wor
ld
LDCs
East
ern
Afric
a
Mid
dle
Afric
a
Nort
hern
Afr
ica
Sout
hern
Afr
ica
Wes
tern
Afr
ica
Carib
bean
Cent
ral A
mer
ica
Sout
h Am
eric
a
East
ern
Asia
Sout
hern
Asi
a
Sout
h-Ea
ster
n As
ia
Wes
tern
Asi
a
Ocea
nia
Minerals, ores and metals exports as a percentage of total commodity exports, by regionalgroupings, 2012-2013
Share of individual country groupings in total developing countries' minerals, ores and metalsproduct exports, 2012-2013
Per c
ent
31
FIGURE 8. COMPOSITION OF COMMODITY EXPORTS, BY REGION, 2012-2013
FIGURE 7. EXPORT CONCENTRATION RATIO (HERFINDAHL-HIRSCHMANN INDEX), 2000 AND 2013
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
Wor
ld
LDCs
East
ern
Afric
a
Mid
dle
Afric
a
Nort
hern
Afr
ica
Sout
hern
Afr
ica
Wes
tern
Afr
ica
Carib
bean
Cent
ral A
mer
ica
Sout
h Am
eric
a
East
ern
Asia
Sout
hern
Asi
a
Sout
h-Ea
ster
n As
ia
Wes
tern
Asi
a
Ocea
nia
2000 2013
0
500
1’000
1’500
2’000
2’500
0
20
40
60
80
100
Afric
a
Latin
Am
eric
a a
nd th
e Ca
ribbe
an
Asia
Ocea
nia
LDCs
Agricultural products Fuels Minerals, ores and metals Commodity export value, right axis
In billion US$Per c
ent
REGIONAL OVERVIEW
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
32
FIGURE 9. NET FOOD-IMPORT BILL BY REGION (MILLIONS US$), 2009-2010 AND 2012-2013
-150’000
-100’000
-50’000
0
50’000
100’000LD
Cs
East
ern
Afric
a
Mid
dle
Afric
a
Nort
hern
Afr
ica
Sout
hern
Afr
ica
Wes
tern
Afr
ica
Carib
bean
Cent
ral A
mer
ica
Sout
h Am
eric
a
East
ern
Asia
Sout
hern
Asi
a
Sout
h-Ea
ster
n As
ia
Wes
tern
Asi
a
Ocea
nia
2009-20102012-2013
NET FOOD-IMPORTING COUNTRIES
In m
illio
ns U
S$
FIGURE 10. COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE AND EXPORT CONCENTRATION RATIO IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, 2012-2013
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0 20 40 60 80 100
Expo
rt c
once
ntra
tion
ratio
Agriculture Commodityexporting countries
Fuel exportingcountries
Minerals, ores and metalsexporting countries
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
36
20
40
60
80
100
00
10 20 30 40 50Commodity exports as a percentage of GDP, 2012/13
The size of the bubbles is proportional to Commodity dependence, 2012/13
ComorosEritrea
Mozambique
Zimbabwe
Zambia
SomaliaSeychelles
Malawi
United Republic of Tanzania
Uganda
Madagascar
Burundi
Ethiopia
Djibouti
Mauritius
Rwanda
Kenya
Thre
e le
adin
g co
mm
odity
exp
orts
as
ape
rcen
tage
of c
omm
odity
exp
orts
, 201
2/13
0 20 40 60 80
100
0 20 40 60 80
100
All food exports, as a percentage of commodity exports,2012-2013
Buru
ndi
Com
oros
Djib
outi
Eritr
eaEt
hiop
iaKe
nya
Mad
agas
car
Mal
awi
Mau
ritiu
sM
ozam
biqu
eRw
anda
Seyc
helle
sSo
mal
iaUn
ited
Repu
blic
of T
anza
nia
Ugan
daZa
mbi
aZi
mba
bwe
Buru
ndi
Com
oros
Djib
outi
Eritr
eaEt
hiop
iaKe
nya
Mad
agas
car
Mal
awi
Mau
ritiu
sM
ozam
biqu
eRw
anda
Seyc
helle
sSo
mal
iaUn
ited
Repu
blic
of T
anza
nia
Ugan
daZa
mbi
aZi
mba
bwe
Agricultural raw materials exports, as a percentageof commodity exports, 2012-2013
0 20 40 60 80
100
0 20 40 60 80
100
Fuel exports, as a percentage of commodity exports,2012-2013
Buru
ndi
Com
oros
Djib
outi
Eritr
eaEt
hiop
iaKe
nya
Mad
agas
car
Mal
awi
Mau
ritiu
sM
ozam
biqu
eRw
anda
Seyc
helle
sSo
mal
iaUn
ited
Repu
blic
of T
anza
nia
Ugan
daZa
mbi
aZi
mba
bwe
Buru
ndi
Com
oros
Djib
outi
Eritr
eaEt
hiop
iaKe
nya
Mad
agas
car
Mal
awi
Mau
ritiu
sM
ozam
biqu
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anda
Seyc
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sSo
mal
iaUn
ited
Repu
blic
of T
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nia
Ugan
daZa
mbi
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mba
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Minerals, ores and metals exports, as a percentageof commodity exports, 2012-2013
0
20
40
60
80
100
Buru
ndi
Com
oros
Djib
outi
Eritr
eaEt
hiop
iaKe
nya
Mad
agas
car
Mal
awi
Mau
ritiu
sM
ozam
biqu
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anda
Seyc
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sSo
mal
iaUn
ited
Repu
blic
of T
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nia
Ugan
daZa
mbi
aZi
mba
bwe
Buru
ndi
Com
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Djib
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Eritr
eaEt
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nya
Mad
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car
Mal
awi
Mau
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Seyc
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Repu
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of T
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Ugan
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Commodity exports as a percentage of merchandiseexports, 2012-2013
0
20
40
60
80
100
All food import value as a percentage of commodityimport value, 2012-2013
37
BURUNDI
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
27,830 27,830
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 66 75
9,233 9,850
6.5
4,314 4,647
52 52
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 87 84
56 56
3.8
1.90 2.16
203 213
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
4.0 3.8
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 82 74
Agricultural raw materials 4 4
Fuels 1 1
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 13 21
86 81
65 52
13 18
Gold, non-monetary (excluding gold ores and concentrates) (971) 8 11
79
42/12/10/8/7
0.6769 0.3599
FOOD SECURITY
-2 88
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 n.a. n.a.
EASTERN AFRICA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
38
COMOROS
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
1,861 1,861
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 83 85
683 718
5.1
243 264
30 31
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 91 91
52 52
3.3
0.41 0.44
598 601
n.a.
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
1.5 1.4
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 88 92
Agricultural raw materials 1 1
Fuels – –
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 11 7
98 99
87 91
7 7
Ferrous waste, scrape; remelting ingots, iron, steel (282) 4 1
93
39/34/9/5/5
0.7558 0.5300
FOOD SECURITY
72 102
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 n.a. n.a.
39
DJIBOUTI
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
23,200 23,200
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 73 73
834 860
3.8
292 320
35 35
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 98 95
46 47
4.8
0.96 1.11
1,156 1,270
n.a.
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
5.9 5.5
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 78 53
Agricultural raw materials 2 8
Fuels 7 10
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 14 29
66 55
32 25
Milk, cream and milk products (excluding butter, cheese)(022)
23 23
Gold, non-monetary (excluding gold ores and concentrates) 11 7
73
29/14/13/10/7
0.1154 0.1944
FOOD SECURITY
55 129
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 75 19
EASTERN AFRICA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
40
ERITREA
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
117,600 117,600
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 65 75
5,741 6,131
5.2
2,596 2,856
49 49
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 60 59
44 43
5.0
1.06 1.30
184 205
n.a. n.a.
n.a.
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
0.3 10.4
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 74 30
Agricultural raw materials 21 1
Fuels – –
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 5 68
42 94
Live animals other than animals of division 03 (001) 18 63
12 29
Fishery products (03) 12 2
100
Canada, India, Egypt 95/3/1
0.2586 0.3879
FOOD SECURITY
194 110
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 n.a. n.a.
41
ETHIOPIA
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
1,104,300 1,104,300
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 32 37
87,095 91,729
5.3
40,787 44,936
47 47
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 78 75
46 45
7.2
20.39 26.36
234 280
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
6.5 5.9
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 81 83
Agricultural raw materials 10 9
Fuels – –
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 9 8
67 67
30 32
19 18
18 17
67
0.5043 0.3310
FOOD SECURITY
-534 -784
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 75 35
EASTERN AFRICA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
42
KENYA
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
580,370 580,370
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 47 48
40,909 43,178
4.8
15,461 16,956
46 46
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 86 83
49 48
5.5
23.52 27.10
575 611
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
10.1 9.0
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 67 65
Agricultural raw materials 19 18
Fuels 7 8
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 6 9
57 55
31 30
18 17
Vegetables (054) 8 8
74
31/21/8/7/6
0.2684 0.1906
FOOD SECURITY
-751 -584
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 33 24
43
MADAGASCAR
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
587,040 587,295
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 71 71
21,080 22,294
4.8
10,147 11,219
49 49
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 71 71
53 53
3.0
5.81 6.22
275 271
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
6.1 10.4
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 61 54
Agricultural raw materials 10 4
Fuels 6 4
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 23 39
54 56
25 23
18 18
Ores and concentrates of base metals, n.e.s. (287) 11 15
71
38/13/8/7/6
0.2588 0.1954
FOOD SECURITY
21 -15
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 27 31
EASTERN AFRICA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
44
MALAWI
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
118,480 118,480
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 48 61
15,014 15,906
5.8
6,710 7,365
52 51
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 73 73
59 59
4.2
4.24 4.81
283 294
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
15.8 18.9
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 92 88
Agricultural raw materials 4 5
Fuels – –
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 4 6
80 73
66 56
Tea and mate (074) 7 9
Sugar, molasses and honey (061) 7 8
64
0.6270 0.4684
FOOD SECURITY
-658 -569
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 45 22
45
MAURITIUS
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
2,040 2,040
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 45 43
1,231 1,240
1.6
603 625
38 38
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 8 7
25 26
3.4
8.15 9.02
6,625 7,252
n.a.
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
7.9 8.4
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 88 87
Agricultural raw materials 2 2
Fuels 1 –
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 9 11
83 83
42 45
34 30
7 8
91
73/6/5/3/3
0.3646 0.2474
FOOD SECURITY
219 351
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 8 5
EASTERN AFRICA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
46
MOZAMBIQUE
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
799,380 799,380
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 62 64
23,967 25,203
5.6
11,078 11,897
54 53
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 78 78
65 65
7.0
9.33 11.51
389 446
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
23.2 24.5
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 20 17
Agricultural raw materials 5 6
Fuels 23 41
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 52 36
64 48
45 29
12 10
Tobacco, unmanufactured; tobacco refuse (121) 7 9
88
39/27/11/7/5
0.2982 0.2627
FOOD SECURITY
182 389
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 55 28
47
RWANDA
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
26,340 26,340
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 70 75
10,837 11,458
5.1
5,228 5,695
52 52
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 83 83
56 56
7.1
3.84 4.81
355 408
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
4.3 8.0
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 53 42
Agricultural raw materials 2 4
Fuels 1 6
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 44 48
82 72
40 47
28 16
14 9
77
21/17/17/13/3
0.4370 0.3564
FOOD SECURITY
104 165
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 56 34
EASTERN AFRICA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
48
SEYCHELLES
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
460 460
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 7 7
91 92
2.3
43 44
47 48
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 74 73
50 50
3.5
1.15 1.28
12,564 13,786
n.a.
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
38.9 42.3
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 95 94
Agricultural raw materials – –
Fuels 4 5
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 1 1
95 95
91 90
3 4
1 1
95
70/12/9/3/1
0.5708 0.4889
FOOD SECURITY
-156 -242
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 n.a. n.a.
49
SOMALIA
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
637,660 637,660
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 69 70
9,636 10,195
7.1
2,926 3,151
34 34
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 83 83
46 46
2.6
2.63 2.84
273 270
n.a. n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
28.4 38.4
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 60 93
Agricultural raw materials 17 7
Fuels – –
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 23 –
81 95
44 78
Gold, non-monetary (excluding gold ores and concentrates) (971) 23 14
14 3
96
46/29/11/8/3
0.6479 0.8998
FOOD SECURITY
236 340
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 n.a. n.a.
EASTERN AFRICA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
50
SOUTH SUDAN
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
n.a. 644,329
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 n.a. 44
n.a. 10,838
n.a. n.a.
n.a. n.a.
n.a. n.a.
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 n.a. n.a.
n.a. 41
n.a. -3.9
n.a. 4.83
n.a.
n.a. n.a.
n.a. 427
n.a. n.a.
n.a.
n.a. n.a.
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
n.a. n.a.
n.a. n.a.
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013 n.a. n.a.
n.a. n.a.
All food items n.a. n.a.
Agricultural raw materials n.a. n.a.
Fuels n.a. n.a.
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold n.a. n.a.
n.a. n.a.
n.a. n.a.
n.a. n.a.
FOOD SECURITY
n.a. n.a.
n.a. n.a.
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 n.a. n.a.
51
UGANDA
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
241,550 241,550
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 58 71
33,987 36,346
6.4
13,419 14,785
49 49
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 82 81
50 49
5.3
14.18 16.54
417 440
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
6.8 6.8
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 81 86
Agricultural raw materials 10 11
Fuels 1 1
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 9 2
50 44
29 29
13 8
8 7
77
36/26/7/6/3
0.3758 0.1803
FOOD SECURITY
-449 -773
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 23 26
EASTERN AFRICA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
52
UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
947,300 947,300
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 40 46
44,973 47,783
5.6
22,137 24,113
50 50
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 76 76
55 55
7.0
20.19 24.59
449 499
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
12.7 13.9
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 41 45
Agricultural raw materials 10 9
Fuels 3 3
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 46 44
42 39
22 22
13 9
7 8
73
0.2177 0.1990
FOOD SECURITY
-460 -847
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 24 35
53
ZAMBIA
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
752,610 752,610
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 31 32
13,217 14,075
5.9
5,579 6,021
46 46
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 58 58
46 46
6.8
9.80 12.00
741 825
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
35.3 37.4
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 9 15
Agricultural raw materials 2 3
Fuels 1 2
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 89 80
85 82
76 74
Copper ores and concentrates; copper mattes; cement copper (283) 6 4
3 4
78
37/21/9/7/6
0.4437 0.5874
FOOD SECURITY
-196 -794
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 34 48
EASTERN AFRICA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
54
ZIMBABWE
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
390,760 390,760
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 41 42
13,077 13,724
3.9
6,620 7,260
47 45
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 56
52 52
2.2
7.08 8.36
542 591
n.a. n.a.
n.a.
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
29.5 31.3
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 37 44
Agricultural raw materials 17 12
Fuels 14 14
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 32 30
43 53
21 33
12 12
Nickel ores and concentrates; nickel mattes, etc. (284) 10 8
81
28/24/14/12/4
0.2794 0.2601
FOOD SECURITY
-31 -387
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 43 32
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
56
20
40
60
80
100
00
20 40 60 80 100
The size of the bubbles is proportional to Commodity dependence, 2012/13
Equatorial Guinea
Angola
CentralAfricanRepublic
Sao Tome and Principe
CameroonDemocratic Republic of the Congo
Gabon
Chad
Congo
Thre
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adin
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odity
exp
orts
as
ape
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of c
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odity
exp
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, 201
2/13
Commodity exports as a percentage of GDP, 2012/13
0
20
40
60
80
100
0
20
40
60
80
100
Ango
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Cam
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Cent
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Afric
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Gabo
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Sao
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d Pr
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All food exports, as a percentage of commodity exports,2012-2013
Agricultural raw materials exports, as a percentageof commodity exports, 2012-2013
Dem
ocra
ticRe
publ
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the
Cong
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Cent
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Afric
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publ
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0
20
40
60
80
100
0
20
40
60
80
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Equa
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Chad
Cong
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Gabo
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Fuel exports, as a percentage of commodity exports,2012-2013
Minerals, ores and metals exports, as a percentageof commodity exports, 2012-2013
Dem
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Dem
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d Pr
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0
20
40
60
80
100
Commodity exports as a percentage of merchandiseexports, 2012-2013
0
20
40
60
80
100
All food import value as a percentage of commodityimport value, 2012-2013
57
ANGOLA
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
1,246,700 1,246,700
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 47 48
19,549 20,821
6.5
7,109 7,891
46 46
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 83 80
55 55
7.5
57.79 68.92
2,956 3,210
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
57.4 57.4
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items – –
Agricultural raw materials – –
Fuels 99 99
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 1 1
99 99
97 97
1 1
1 1
94
52/15/13/10/5
0.8816 0.9677
FOOD SECURITY
3,144 4,771
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 63 18
MIDDLE AFRICA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
58
CAMEROON
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
475,440 475,440
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 20 21
20,624 21,700
5.2
8,211 8,900
46 46
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 43 40
47 47
4.7
19.14 21.98
928 988
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
13.8 13.5
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 31 21
Agricultural raw materials 18 18
Fuels 47 58
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 4 3
70 71
38 45
Cocoa (072) 19 13
13 13
90
54/13/10/7/6
0.4361 0.4228
FOOD SECURITY
-106 529
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 38 11
59
CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
622,980 622,980
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 8 8
4,350 4,525
4.9
2,064 2,219
47 47
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 61 58
50 50
-4.0
1.55 1.60
357 347
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
5.9 7.1
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 4 4
Agricultural raw materials 49 47
Fuels – –
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 47 50
84 85
40 39
26 29
18 17
85
43/29/5/5/3
0.6837 0.3561
FOOD SECURITY
58 37
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 47 38
MIDDLE AFRICA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
60
CHAD
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
1,284,000 1,284,000
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 39 40
11,721 12,448
6.9
4,425 4,823
45 45
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 67 64
57 58
5.0
7.05 8.12
602 633
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
37.9 41.8
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items – 1
Agricultural raw materials 3 4
Fuels 97 94
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold – 1
99 97
89 87
8 7
2 3
95
0.7280 0.9167
FOOD SECURITY
365 491
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 59 35
61
CONGO
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
342,000 342,000
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 31 31
4,112 4,337
5.1
1,693 1,824
49 49
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 31 29
56 55
5.5
7.88 9.41
1,916 2,115
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
64.5 65.5
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items – –
Agricultural raw materials 3 3
Fuels 91 92
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 5 5
93 94
87 88
3 3
Petroleum oils or bituminous minerals > 70 % oil (334) 3 3
95
47/23/13/9/4
0.6650 0.8146
FOOD SECURITY
424 909
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 43 32
MIDDLE AFRICA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
62
DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
2,344,860 2,344,860
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 11 12
65,705 62,191
6.5
25,270 27,827
50 50
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 56 54
49 49
7.7
9.43 11.64
152 172
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
34.2 30.2
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 2 1
Agricultural raw materials 3 2
Fuels 15 14
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 80 83
63 74
30 43
Ores and concentrates of base metals, n.e.s. (287) 19 18
Copper ores and concentrates; copper mattes; cement copper (283)
14 13
96
47/20/17/9/3
0.5983 0.5743
FOOD SECURITY
867 1,147
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 n.a. n.a.
63
EQUATORIAL GUINEA
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
28,050 28,050
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 10 10
696 736
5.4
369 403
45 45
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 48 47
42 43
6.5
11.55 12.92
16,593 17,070
n.a. n.a.
n.a.
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
81.6 96.7
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items – –
Agricultural raw materials 1 1
Fuels 99 99
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold – –
99 97
77 74
19 21
3 2
85
38/17/17/8/4
0.7990 0.7423
FOOD SECURITY
225 939
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 n.a. n.a.
MIDDLE AFRICA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
64
GABON
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
267,670 267,670
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 19 20
1,556 1,633
4.3
587 641
46 47
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 31 29
45 48
6.0
10.43 12.57
6,703 7,521
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
39.0 36.5
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 1 1
Agricultural raw materials 12 10
Fuels 79 82
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 8 7
96 96
77 80
11 10
8 6
85
39/19/17/6/4
0.7357 0.7549
FOOD SECURITY
435 579
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 12 5
65
SAO TOME AND PRINCIPE
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
960 960
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 51 52
178 188
4.5
59 65
37 38
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 55 53
50 50
4.5
0.17 0.20
958 1,029
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
2.2 3.7
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 80 96
Agricultural raw materials 1 1
Fuels 17 2
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 2 2
90 90
71 83
Petroleum oils or bituminous minerals > 70 % oil (334) 17 4
Fixed vegetable fats and oils, "soft", crude, 2 3
98
82/6/5/4/1
0.3751 0.6471
FOOD SECURITY
31 35
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 23 7
MIDDLE AFRICA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
68
Data on commodity exports as a percentage of GDP is not available for Sudan.Consequently, this country does not appear on the graph.
Morocco
Tunisia
Egypt
Algeria
Libya
20
40
60
80
100
0 20 40 60 80 100
The size of the bubbles is proportional to Commodity dependence, 2012/13
Thre
e le
adin
g co
mm
odity
exp
orts
as
ape
rcen
tage
of c
omm
odity
exp
orts
, 201
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0
Commodity exports as a percentage of GDP, 2012/13
0
20
40
60
80
100
0
20
40
60
80
100
All food exports, as a percentage of commodity exports,2012-2013
Agricultural raw materials exports, as a percentageof commodity exports, 2012-2013
Alge
ria
Egyp
t
Liby
a
Mor
occo
Suda
n
Tuni
sia
Alge
ria
Egyp
t
Liby
a
Mor
occo
Suda
n
Tuni
sia
0
20
40
60
80
100
0
20
40
60
80
100
Fuel exports, as a percentage of commodity exports,2012-2013
Minerals, ores and metals exports, as a percentageof commodity exports, 2012-2013
Alge
ria
Egyp
t
Liby
a
Mor
occo
Suda
n
Tuni
sia
Alge
ria
Egyp
t
Liby
a
Mor
occo
Suda
n
Tuni
sia
Alge
ria
Egyp
t
Liby
a
Mor
occo
Suda
n
Tuni
sia
Alge
ria
Egyp
t
Liby
a
Mor
occo
Suda
n
Tuni
sia
0
20
40
60
80
100
0
20
40
60
80
100
Commodity exports as a percentage of merchandise exports,2012-2013
All food import value as a percentage of commodityimport value, 2012-2013
69
ALGERIA
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
2,381,740 2,381,740
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 17 17
37,063 38,482
2.7
11,207 11,968
17 18
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 28 27
53 53
3.3
116.63 126.80
3,147 3,234
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
33.9 32.8
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 0.4 0.5
Agricultural raw materials – –
Fuels 99 99
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold – –
89 90
45 46
31 31
13 13
86
60/12/6/4/4
0.5147 0.5408
FOOD SECURITY
6,331 9,870
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 8 5
NORTHERN AFRICA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
70
EGYPT
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
1,001,450 1,001,450
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 4 4
78,076 80,722
3.0
27,076 29,049
24 25
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 24 22
40 41
1.5
127.46 134.56
1,633 1,640
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
7.4 6.7
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 26 24
Agricultural raw materials 3 3
Fuels 57 58
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 14 14
51 54
18 28
Petroleum oils, oils from bituminous materials, crude (333) 17 14
Petroleum oils or bituminous minerals > 70 % oil (334) 16 12
60
30/12/7/6/5
0.2503 0.1537
FOOD SECURITY
4,916 8,918
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 5 5
71
LIBYA
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
1,759,540 1,759,540
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 9 9
6,041 6,155
2.7
2,381 2,335
28 29
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 3 3
70 75
11.0
60.50 53.19
10,016 8,577
n.a. n.a.
n.a.
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
55.5 53.1
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items – –
Agricultural raw materials – –
Fuels 99 99
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 1 1
96 96
82 84
7 7
7 5
91
72/9/5/3/2
0.7871 0.7967
FOOD SECURITY
1,790 4,066
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 n.a. n.a.
NORTHERN AFRICA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
72
MOROCCO
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
446,550 446,550
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 67 68
31,642 32,521
2.4
11,375 11,948
27 28
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 26 24
48 50
3.6
75.52 84.38
2,387 2,556
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
6.5 7.7
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 59 52
Agricultural raw materials 4 4
Fuels 10 15
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 27 29
50 48
24 21
13 16
13 11
67
50/7/4/3/3
0.1753 0.1578
FOOD SECURITY
380 1,448
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 6 5
73
SUDAN
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
n.a. 1,861,484
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 n.a. 7
n.a. 37,195
n.a. n.a.
n.a. 15,358
n.a. 29
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 n.a. 39
n.a. 41
n.a. -3.9
n.a. 32.69
n.a.
n.a.
n.a. 861
n.a. n.a.
n.a. n.a.
n.a.
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
n.a.
n.a. n.a.
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013 n.a. n.a.
All food items n.a. 9
Agricultural raw materials n.a. 2
Fuels n.a. 56
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold n.a. 32
n.a. 91
n.a. 55
n.a. 32
n.a. 4
n.a. 90
n.a. 44/32/7/4/3
n.a. 0.6840
FOOD SECURITY
n.a.
n.a. 1,443
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 n.a. n.a.
NORTHERN AFRICA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
74
TUNISIA
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
163,610 163,610
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 61 65
10,632 10,875
2.10
3,801 4,007
27 27
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 21 20
33 32
3.3
40.29 42.55
3,790 3,870
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
8.5 10.2
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 35 35
Agricultural raw materials 2 2
Fuels 57 58
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 6 6
69 71
48 39
Fixed vegetable fats and oils, "soft", crude, 12 19
Petroleum oils or bituminous minerals > 70 % oil (334)
9 13
Five leading destination markets for commodity exports as a percentage of commodity exports, 92
60/15/11/5/1
0.2066 0.1493
FOOD SECURITY
554 777
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 5 5
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
76
0
20
40
60
80
100
0 10 20 30 40 50
Commodity exports as a percentage of GDP, 2012/13
The size of the bubbles is proportional to Commodity dependence, 2012/13
Lesotho
South AfricaSwaziland
NamibiaBotswana
Thre
e le
adin
g co
mm
odity
exp
orts
as
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exp
orts
, 201
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Bo
tsw
ana
Leso
tho
Nam
ibia
Sout
hAf
rica
Swaz
iland
Bots
wan
a
Leso
tho
Nam
ibia
Sout
hAf
rica
Swaz
iland
0
20
40
60
80
100
0
20
40
60
80
100
All food exports, as a percentage of commodity exports,2012-2013
Agricultural raw materials exports, as a percentageof commodity exports, 2012-2013
Bots
wan
a
Leso
tho
Nam
ibia
Sout
hAf
rica
Swaz
iland
Bots
wan
a
Leso
tho
Nam
ibia
Sout
hAf
rica
Swaz
iland
0
20
40
60
80
100
0
20
40
60
80
100
Fuel exports, as a percentage of commodity exports,2012-2013
Minerals, ores and metals exports, as a percentageof commodity exports, 2012-2013
020
40
60
80
100
0
20
40
60
80
100
Commodity exports as a percentage of merchandiseexports, 2012-2013
All food import value as a percentage of commodityimport value, 2012-2013
Bots
wan
a
Leso
tho
Nam
ibia
Sout
hAf
rica
Swaz
iland
Bots
wan
a
Leso
tho
Nam
ibia
Sout
hAf
rica
Swaz
iland
77
BOTSWANA
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
581,730 581,730
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 44 46
1,969 2,004
2.9
1,036 1,091
46 46
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 31 30
56 57
4.1
12.12 13.87
6,153 6,865
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
29.1 42.8
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 7 2
Agricultural raw materials 1 -
Fuels 1 1
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 92 97
65 94
21 85
4 7
Meat of bovine animals, fresh, chilled or frozen (011) 4 2
87
58/19/8/5/4
0.6465 0.7891
FOOD SECURITY
419 519
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 25 27
SOUTHERN AFRICA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
78
LESOTHO
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
30,360 30,360
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 77 75
2,009 2,052
3.4
894 947
46 46
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 40 39
66 65
5.0
1.77 2.00
879 964
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
13.6 17.0
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 10 10
Agricultural raw materials 5 5
Fuels – –
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 85 85
95 92
85 84
Non-alcoholic beverages, n.e.s. (111) 6 4
Wool and other animal hair (including wool tops) (268) 4 4
99
57/35/7
0.3881 0.4653
FOOD SECURITY
505 611
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 16 12
79
NAMIBIA
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
824,290 824,290
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 47 47
2,179 2,259
3.4
929 1,008
46 46
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 29 27
44 43
4.7
8.88 10.24
4,074 4,445
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
24.9 27.9
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 35 32
Agricultural raw materials 1 1
Fuels 2 2
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 62 66
52 61
Fishery products (03) 19 31
Pearls and precious or semiprecious stones, unworked or worked (667) 18 19
15 11
80
36/18/11/10/6
0.3208 0.2564
FOOD SECURITY
-110 -230
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 36 37
SOUTHERN AFRICA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
80
SOUTH AFRICA
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
1,219,090 1,219,090
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 79 79
51,452 52,386
2.6
18,208 18,989
43 43
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 7 6
29 29
1.9
289.66 313.15
5,630 5,934
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
13.5 13.4
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 16 15
Agricultural raw materials 4 3
Fuels 16 16
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 65 65
42 43
20 16
11 15
11 12
73
30/18/10/9/6
0.1151 0.1718
FOOD SECURITY
-1,439 465
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 5 5
81
SWAZILAND
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
17,360 17,360
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 70 71
1,193 1,231
3.8
414 446
40 39
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 33 30
54 52
1.2
2.92 2.95
2,445 2,358
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
21.1 23.0
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 70 56
Agricultural raw materials 20 31
Fuels 3 2
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 7 11
73 69
45 31
19 30
Edible products and preparations, n.e.s. (098) 9 8
72
46/8/7/5/4
0.2253 0.2197
FOOD SECURITY
-138 -9
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 16 26
SOUTHERN AFRICA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
84
0
20
40
60
80
100
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80Commodity exports as a percentage of GDP, 2012/13
The size of the bubbles is proportional to Commodity dependence, 2012/13
Cabo Verde
Gambia
Senegal
Benin Togo
Liberia
Guinea-Bissau
Mali
Sierra Leone
GuineaGhana
Côte d’Ivoire
Nigeria
Mauritania
Niger
BurkinaFaso
Thre
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adin
g co
mm
odity
exp
orts
as
ape
rcen
tage
of c
omm
odity
exp
orts
, 201
2/13
020406080
100
020406080
100
All food exports, as a percentage of commodity exports,2012-2013
Agricultural raw materials exports, as a percentageof commodity exports, 2012-2013
Beni
n
Burk
ina
Faso
Cabo
Ver
de
Côte
d’Iv
oire
Gam
bia
Ghan
aGu
inea
Guin
ea-
Biss
auLi
beria
Mal
i
Mau
ritan
ia
Nige
r
Nige
ria
Sene
gal
Sier
ra L
eone
Togo
Beni
n
Burk
ina
Faso
Cabo
Ver
de
Côte
d’Iv
oire
Gam
bia
Ghan
aGu
inea
Guin
ea-
Biss
auLi
beria
Mal
i
Mau
ritan
iaNi
ger
Nige
ria
Sene
gal
Sier
ra L
eone
Togo
020406080
100
020406080
100
Fuel exports, as a percentage of commodityexports, 2012-2013
Minerals, ores and metals exports, as a percentageof commodity exports, 2012-2013
Beni
n
Burk
ina
Faso
Cabo
Ver
de
Côte
d’Iv
oire
Gam
bia
Ghan
aGu
inea
Guin
ea-
Biss
auLi
beria
Mal
i
Mau
ritan
ia
Nige
r
Nige
ria
Sene
gal
Sier
ra L
eone
Togo
Beni
n
Burk
ina
Faso
Cabo
Ver
de
Côte
d’Iv
oire
Gam
bia
Ghan
aGu
inea
Guin
ea-
Biss
auLi
beria
Mal
i
Mau
ritan
iaNi
ger
Nige
ria
Sene
gal
Sier
ra L
eone
Togo
020406080
100
020406080
100
Beni
n
Burk
ina
Faso
Cabo
Ver
deCô
te d
’Ivoi
reGa
mbi
aGh
ana
Guin
eaGu
inea
-Bi
ssau
Libe
riaM
ali
Mau
ritan
iaNi
ger
Nige
ria
Sene
gal
Sier
ra L
eone
Togo
Beni
n
Burk
ina
Faso
Cabo
Ver
de
Côte
d’Iv
oire
Gam
bia
Ghan
a
Guin
eaGu
inea
-Bi
ssau
Libe
riaM
ali
Mau
ritan
ia
Nige
r
Nige
ria
Sene
gal
Sier
ra L
eone
Togo
Commodity exports as a percentage of merchandiseexports, 2012-2013
All food import value as a percentage of commodityimport value, 2012-2013
85
BENIN
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
112,620 114,760
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 30 33
9,510 10,051
5.3
3,616 3,971
48 48
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 44 41
41 41
4.6
5.23 5.97
550 578
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
17.2 16.3
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 37 32
Agricultural raw materials 27 26
Fuels 14 18
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 21 24
50 52
23 22
Fruits and nuts (excluding oil nuts), fresh or dried (057)
15 15
12 15
80
30/17/16/12/5
0.5875 0.2693
FOOD SECURITY
57 107
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 28 10
WESTERN AFRICA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
86
BURKINA FASO
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
274,220 274,220
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 44 44
15,540 16,460
6.1
7,548 8,270
48 47
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 92 93
48 48
6.9
7.14 8.52
459 503
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
13.4 17.8
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 19 16
Agricultural raw materials 42 35
Fuels – 5
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 39 44
89 83
Cotton (263) 42 42
Gold, non-monetary (excluding gold ores and concentrates) (971) 39 34
8 7
68
30/13/10/8/6
0.5233 0.5264
FOOD SECURITY
123 197
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 26 21
87
CABO VERDE
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
4,030 4,030
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 19 19
488 494
2.6
224 243
38 39
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 14 13
41 39
4.3
1.41 1.61
2,898 3,237
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
1.6 2.4
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 97 95
Agricultural raw materials – –
Fuels – –
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 2 5
97 97
94 92
Alcoholic beverages (112) 2 3
Ferrous waste, scrape; remelting ingots, iron, steel (282) 1 2
Five leading destination markets for commodity exports as a percentage of commodity exports, 98
87/4/4/2/1
0.3630 0.4653
FOOD SECURITY
158 153
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 16 10
WESTERN AFRICA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
88
CÔTE D’IVOIRE
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
322,460 322,460
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 64 65
18,977 19,840
4.9
7,792 8,477
37 38
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 36 33
36 36
7.2
19.01 21.09
1,002 1,038
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
37.7 38.0
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 57 49
Agricultural raw materials 9 12
Fuels 31 34
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 3 5
70 65
42 33
15 18
13 14
76
38/21/8/5/4
0.3171 0.2991
FOOD SECURITY
-3,365 -2,588
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 11 15
89
GAMBIA
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
11,300 11,300
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 54 60
1,681 1,791
5.8
752 827
48 48
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 81 80
54 54
7.1
0.78 0.85
467 461
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
4.7 8.1
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 76 38
Agricultural raw materials 6 46
Fuels 1 2
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 17 14
62 73
Fruits and nuts (excluding oil nuts), fresh or dried (057) 34 44
Fixed vegetable fats and oils, "soft", crude, 15 21
Fishery products (03) 13 8
95
52/20/10/10/2
0.3608 0.2489
FOOD SECURITY
70 103
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 13 6
WESTERN AFRICA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
90
GHANA
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
238,540 238,540
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 65 69
24,263 25,366
4.2
10,372 11,286
48 47
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 59 58
44 44
7.5
23.31 31.11
961 1,201
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
21.3 28.9
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 67 42
Agricultural raw materials 6 3
Fuels 2 36
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 25 19
76 77
Cocoa (072) 54 34
Gold, non-monetary (excluding gold ores and concentrates) (971) 16 30
Ores and concentrates of base metals, n.e.s. (287) 6 13
74
49/9/8/4/4
0.3201 0.3860
FOOD SECURITY
-2,808 -2,255
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 47 5
91
GUINEA
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
245,860 245,860
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 58 59
10,876 11,451
5.4
4,090 4,466
45 45
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 94 92
50 50
4.2
3.22 3.62
296 308
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
24.7 20.9
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 7 6
Agricultural raw materials 2 2
Fuels 31 34
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 60 58
80 80
51 47
15 23
14 10
79
34/21/11/7/6
0.5793 0.4868
FOOD SECURITY
162 331
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 23 18
WESTERN AFRICA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
92
GUINEA-BISSAU
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
36,130 36,130
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 45 58
1,587 1,664
5.3
649 699
47 47
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 69 67
45 46
2.2
0.69 0.72
435 424
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
12.7 18.3
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 96 96
Agricultural raw materials 1 1
Fuels 2 3
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 1 –
97 99
94 95
2 3
1 1
100
92/3/3/2
0.5855 0.9365
FOOD SECURITY
-37 -82
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 23 18
93
LIBERIA
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
111,370 111,370
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 24 28
3,958 4,190
5.2
1,375 1,518
48 47
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 66 64
44 44
7.5
0.94 1.21
237 282
n.a.
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
9.7 23.0
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 3 4
Agricultural raw materials 44 38
Fuels 34 14
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 19 44
77 75
Natural rubber and similar gums, in primary forms (231) 43 38
Petroleum oils, oils from bituminous materials, crude (333) 23 28
Petroleum oils or bituminous minerals > 70 % oil (334) 11 9
85
37/24/15/5/4
0.5625 0.3694
FOOD SECURITY
6 13
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 29 30
WESTERN AFRICA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
94
MALI
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
1,240,190 1,240,190
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 33 34
13,986 14,854
6.8
4,296 4,754
35 35
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 71 69
37 37
3.5
6.99 7.34
500 480
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
18.4 20.5
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 8 8
Agricultural raw materials 23 39
Fuels 5 2
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 64 51
91 90
63 49
23 38
Petroleum oils or bituminous minerals > 70 % oil (334) 5 3
79
34/25/8/7/5
0.6345 0.5328
FOOD SECURITY
283 365
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 17 5
95
MAURITANIA
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
1,030,700 1,030,700
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 39 39
3,609 3,796
5.0
1,116 1,217
27 27
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 67 66
54 56
6.0
2.77 3.23
767 830
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
54.4 63.5
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 26 26
Agricultural raw materials – –
Fuels 9 10
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 64 64
85 85
48 47
25 24
12 14
90
50/23/8/6/4
0.4719 0.4818
FOOD SECURITY
-1 42
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 15 7
WESTERN AFRICA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
96
NIGER
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
1,267,000 1,267,000
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 35 35
15,894 17,157
7.6
5,114 5,709
31 31
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 83 82
36 37
6.2
4.33 5.22
273 293
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
13.7 14.9
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 48 15
Agricultural raw materials 2 3
Fuels 12 52
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 38 29
81 77
Live animals other than animals of division 03 (001) 36 44
33 28
Petroleum oils or bituminous minerals > 70 % oil (334) 12 5
92
51/25/8/5/4
0.5953 0.4690
FOOD SECURITY
80 427
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 28 11
97
NIGERIA
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
923,770 923,770
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 76 79
159,708 168,834
6.0
50,245 54,622
43 43
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 24 23
39 41
6.6
155.26 188.30
972 1,085
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
34.9 39.1
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 2 2
Agricultural raw materials 1 2
Fuels 96 95
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 1 1
95 94
85 79
6 10
4 5
76
35/16/12/8/5
0.9240 0.7722
FOOD SECURITY
3,157 6,628
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 21 6
WESTERN AFRICA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
98
SENEGAL
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
196,720 196,710
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 48 47
12,951 13,726
5.1
5,384 5,900
44 44
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 71 71
47 48
4.4
10.37 11.46
801 811
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
10.9 12.1
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 45 49
Agricultural raw materials 2 2
Fuels 39 27
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 15 22
68 61
38 26
21 23
9 12
82
40/25/9/5/3
0.2323 0.1925
FOOD SECURITY
445 532
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 25 17
99
SIERRA LEONE
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
71,740 72,300
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 54 57
5,752 5,979
5.2
2,262 2,436
51 50
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 59 57
62 62
12.6
2.13 3.37
370 553
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
9.4 28.3
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 20 5
Agricultural raw materials 4 1
Fuels – –
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 75 94
65 90
Pearls and precious or semiprecious stones, unworked or worked (667) 34 68
17 12
Cocoa (072) 14 10
97
69/20/4/2/2
0.5335 0.4357
FOOD SECURITY
98 -191
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 43 26
WESTERN AFRICA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
100
TOGO
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
56,790 56,790
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 65 71
6,306 6,643
4.9
2,938 3,194
51 50
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 44 42
41 42
4.7
2.46 2.86
390 420
n.a.
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
19.1 19.4
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 40 26
Agricultural raw materials 18 11
Fuels 12 20
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 30 43
58 51
Cocoa (072) 27 20
Crude fertilizers (excluding those of division 56) (272) 17 17
Cotton (263) 14 14
80
22/19/14/14/10
0.2933 0.1837
FOOD SECURITY
40 1
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 38 15
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
102
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0 10 20 30 40Commodity exports as a percentage of GDP, 2012/13
The size of the bubbles is proportional to Commodity dependence, 2012/13
Dominica
Antiguaand Barbuda
Bahamas
Saint Lucia
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Dominican Republic
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All food exports, as a percentage of commodity exports,2012-2013
Agricultural raw materials exports, as a percentageof commodity exports, 2012-2013
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Fuel exports, as a percentage of commodity exports,2012-2013
Minerals, ores and metals exports, as a percentageof commodity exports, 2012-2013
Baha
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020406080
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Commodity exports as a percentage of merchandiseexports, 2012-2013
All food import value as a percentage of commodityimport value, 2012-2013
103
ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
440 440
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 20 21
87 89
2.2
38 39
42 44
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 21 21
25 25
1.5
1.01 1.02
11,602 11,353
n.a. n.a.
n.a.
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
0.5 1.9
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 46 24
Agricultural raw materials 5 4
Fuels 40 66
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 10 6
49 73
31 65
Margarine and shortening (091) 12 6
Coal, whether or not pulverized, not agglomerated (321) 6 2
86
52/12/11/6/5
0.5804 0.3786
FOOD SECURITY
59 46
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 n.a. n.a.
CARIBBEAN
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
104
BAHAMAS
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
13,880 13,880
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 1 1
360 372
1.9
197 207
48 48
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 3 2
– –
1.6
7.46 7.90
20,697 20,925
n.a. n.a.
n.a.
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
5.6 8.9
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 12 6
Agricultural raw materials – –
Fuels 83 91
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 5 3
89 91
77 74
Fishery products (03) 6 10
6 7
80
30/22/17/6/5
0.2902 0.5716
FOOD SECURITY
74 171
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 n.a. n.a.
105
BARBADOS
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
430 430
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 35 33
280 283
1.8
159 161
47 47
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 3 2
50 50
-0.7
4.05 4.07
14,440 14,309
n.a. n.a.
n.a.
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
3.4 4.9
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 61 63
Agricultural raw materials 1 1
Fuels 34 29
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 4 7
51 50
24 21
18 21
Petroleum oils or bituminous minerals > 70 % oil (334) 9 8
91
52/14/12/9/4
0.1815 0.1791
FOOD SECURITY
243 178
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 5 5
CARIBBEAN
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
106
CUBA
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
109,890 109,880
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 61 60
11,282 11,271
1.5
5,270 5,336
38 38
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 11 10
18 19
3.0
55.44 60.47
4,914 5,368
n.a. n.a.
n.a.
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
3.9 5.1
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 51 49
Agricultural raw materials 2 2
Fuels 8 16
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 39 33
71 61
32 24
23 23
16 14
87
36/32/15/2/2
0.3420 0.2461
FOOD SECURITY
594 335
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 5 5.7
107
DOMINICA
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
750 750
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 35 35
71 72
n.a.
31 32
42 41
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 19 19
17 17
-0.5
0.44 0.43
6,124 5,995
n.a. n.a.
n.a.
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
2.9 1.7
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 84 63
Agricultural raw materials – –
Fuels – –
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 16 37
90 86
Fruits and nuts (excluding oil nuts), fresh or dried (057) 55 36
Vegetables (054) 20 33
Stone, sand and gravel (273) 15 17
96
44/40/7/2
0.3949 0.4097
FOOD SECURITY
38 46
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 n.a. n.a.
CARIBBEAN
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
108
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
48,670 48,670
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 50 52
10,017 10,277
2.7
4,432 4,673
39 40
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 10 9
31 34
3.0
47.09 52.65
4,701 5,060
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
4.1 5.8
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 78 61
Agricultural raw materials 2 2
Fuels 4 9
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 16 27
42 43
Tobacco, manufactured (122) 17 17
Fruits and nuts (excluding oil nuts), fresh or dried (057) 16 14
Cocoa (072) 9 12
87
33/19/16/14/5
0.2247 0.1384
FOOD SECURITY
411 495
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 15 34
109
GRENADA
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
340 340
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 32 32
105 105
2.3
46 46
39 41
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 20 20
22 22
1.5
0.67 0.67
6,355 6,330
n.a. n.a.
n.a.
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
1.7 2.2
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 74 78
Agricultural raw materials 1 1
Fuels – –
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 25 22
59 63
26 28
Aluminium (684) 18 19
Fishery products (03) 15 16
97
42/25/17/11/2
0.2668 0.1928
FOOD SECURITY
59 69
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 n.a. n.a.
CARIBBEAN
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
110
HAITI
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
27,750 27,750
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 67 64
9,896 10,174
3.6
4,163 4,456
47 47
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 55 53
25 24
4.0
3.95 4.46
399 432
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
1.1 1.3
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 75 74
Agricultural raw materials 10 8
Fuels – –
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 15 18
54 55
24 29
Coffee and coffee substitutes (071) 17 14
Cocoa (072) 13 12
91
55/13/12/9/3
0.4580 0.5039
FOOD SECURITY
1,183 1,530
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 52 61
111
JAMAICA
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
10,990 10,990
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 41 42
2,741 2,769
2.4
1,240 1,279
45 45
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 17 16
28 28
0.1
10.97 11.11
4,000 3,992
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
8.6 9.7
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 30 25
Agricultural raw materials – –
Fuels 23 26
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 47 48
77 77
45 46
23 25
9 6
86
44/22/12/5/3
0.5436 0.4519
FOOD SECURITY
595 735
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 8 10
CARIBBEAN
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
112
SAINT KITTS AND NEVIS
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
260 260
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 22 23
52 54
n.a.
23 24
39 42
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 22 21
20 20
1.6
0.56 0.57
10,669 10,468
n.a. n.a.
n.a.
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
0.2 0.4
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 92 88
Agricultural raw materials 4 2
Fuels – –
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 3 10
74 75
45 39
21 29
8 7
82
48/22/6/4/2
0.3636 0.2997
FOOD SECURITY
56 49
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 n.a. n.a.
113
SAINT LUCIA
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
620 620
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 17 17
177 181
2.0
91 96
47 47
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 19 18
24 24
1.1
1.10 1.09
6,180 5,978
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
10.2 8.9
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 51 49
Agricultural raw materials – –
Fuels 45 48
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 3 3
88 87
43 45
31 30
14 12
98
42/29/14/10/3
0.5086 0.3334
FOOD SECURITY
-27 -23
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 n.a. n.a.
CARIBBEAN
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
114
SAINT VINCENT AND THE GRENADINES
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
390 390
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 26 26
109 109
2.1
54 55
41 41
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 20 20
27 27
2.1
0.59 0.61
5,391 5,566
n.a. n.a.
n.a.
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
1.4 3.5
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 91 91
Agricultural raw materials 5 –
Fuels 1 2
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 3 7
62 58
26 32
Fruits and nuts (excluding oil nuts), fresh or dried (057) 22 17
Vegetables (054) 14 9
97
88/3/3/2/1
0.3939 0.3104
FOOD SECURITY
34 59
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 21 6
115
TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
5,130 5,130
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 11 11
1,328 1,337
1.8
701 716
43 43
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 7 6
17 18
1.6
18.77 19.06
14,137 14,208
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
35.4 37.0
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 4 3
Agricultural raw materials – –
Fuels 93 94
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 3 3
88 90
43 41
30 32
15 17
82
38/19/19/3/2
0.3721 0.3702
FOOD SECURITY
422 874
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 13 9
CARIBBEAN
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
118
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Commodity exports as a percentage of GDP, 2012/13
The size of the bubbles is proportional to Commodity dependence, 2012/13
Mexico
Costa Rica
El Salvador
GuatemalaNicaragua
Panama
Honduras
Belize
Thre
e le
adin
g co
mm
odity
exp
orts
as
ape
rcen
tage
of c
omm
odity
exp
orts
, 201
2/13
0
20
40
60
80
100
0
20
40
60
80
100
All food exports, as a percentage of commodity exports,2012-2013
Agricultural raw materials exports, as a percentageof commodity exports, 2012-2013
Beliz
e
Cost
a Ri
ca
El S
alva
dor
Guat
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a
Hond
uras
Mex
ico
Nica
ragu
a
Pana
ma
Beliz
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Cost
a Ri
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El S
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Guat
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Hond
uras
Mex
ico
Nica
ragu
a
Pana
ma
0
20
40
60
80
100
0
20
40
60
80
100
Fuel exports, as a percentage of commodity exports,2012-2013
Minerals, ores and metals exports, as a percentageof commodity exports, 2012-2013
Beliz
e
Cost
a Ri
ca
El S
alva
dor
Guat
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a
Hond
uras
Mex
ico
Nica
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Pana
ma
Beliz
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Cost
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El S
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Guat
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Hond
uras
Mex
ico
Nica
ragu
a
Pana
ma
020406080
100
Beliz
e
Cost
a Ri
ca
El S
alva
dor
Guat
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a
Hond
uras
Mex
ico
Nica
ragu
a
Pana
ma
Beliz
e
Cost
a Ri
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El S
alva
dor
Guat
emal
a
Hond
uras
Mex
ico
Nica
ragu
a
Pana
ma
020406080
100
Commodity exports as a percentage of merchandiseexports, 2012-2013
All food import value as a percentage of commodityimport value, 2012-2013
119
BELIZE
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
22,970 22,970
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 7 7
309 324
2.9
131 144
37 38
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 24 23
3 3
1.6
1.28 1.59
4,140 4,790
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
22.9 33.6
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 67 75
Agricultural raw materials 1 2
Fuels 30 21
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 2 1
59 56
26 20
19 18
Wheat (including spelt) and meslin, unmilled (041) 14 18
86
39/35/5/4/4
0.2817 0.3117
FOOD SECURITY
-87 -276
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 10 7
CENTRAL AMERICA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
120
COSTA RICA
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
51,100 51,100
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 36 37
4,670 4,805
1.9
2,192 2,350
36 37
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 15 13
13 14
3.2
25.02 28.35
5,357 5,818
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
7.1 5.8
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 90 91
Agricultural raw materials 5 5
Fuels 2 –
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 3 4
64 65
51 51
7 7
6 7
89
39/29/17/3/2
0.2707 0.4631
FOOD SECURITY
-1,097 -664
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 5 6
121
EL SALVADOR
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
21,040 21,040
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 73 76
6,218 6,297
2.4
2,594 2,739
41 42
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 23 21
9 10
1.7
18.34 19.43
2,950 3,065
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
5.4 6.4
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 78 81
Agricultural raw materials 2 3
Fuels 7 8
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 12 8
42 43
21 18
11 16
Sugar, molasses and honey (061) 10 9
86
42/25/13/3/3
0.2127 0.1988
FOOD SECURITY
480 449
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 16 14
CENTRAL AMERICA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
122
GUATEMALA
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
108,890 108,890
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 40 41
14,342 15,083
4.2
5,680 6,284
38 38
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 36 35
10 10
3.4
32.57 36.13
2,271 2,336
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
11.7 11.8
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 78 77
Agricultural raw materials 7 7
Fuels 7 6
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 9 10
47 46
Sugar, molasses and honey (061) 16 17
Fruits and nuts (excluding oil nuts), fresh or dried (057) 16 15
Coffee and coffee substitutes (071) 15 14
80
43/21/9/4/3
0.1843 0.1389
FOOD SECURITY
-1,913 -2,448
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 15 14
123
HONDURAS
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
112,490 112,490
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 29 29
7,621 7,936
3.3
2,988 3,284
34 35
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 22 20
21 21
2.6
11.65 12.89
1,528 1,592
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
18.0 23.3
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 77 77
Agricultural raw materials 3 2
Fuels 7 7
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 13 14
51 54
28 35
14 10
9 9
90
33/33/17/5/2
0.2932 0.2240
FOOD SECURITY
-889 -1,675
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 23 12
CENTRAL AMERICA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
124
MEXICO
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
1,964,380 1,964,380
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 54 55
117,886 120,848
2.4
49,605 52,739
37 37
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 16 14
12 12
1.3
953.07 1’042.99
8,085 8,526
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
6.7 7.7
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 26 24
Agricultural raw materials 1 1
Fuels 54 54
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 19 21
62 61
47 48
8 7
7 6
91
71/10/4/3/2
0.1370 0.1576
FOOD SECURITY
1,624 1,399
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 7 5
125
NICARAGUA
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
130,370 130,370
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 39 42
5,822 5,992
2.8
2,376 2,581
38 39
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 15 13
8 8
4.6
7.29 8.46
1,252 1,391
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
12.8 14.0
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 86 76
Agricultural raw materials 1 3
Fuels 1 1
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 12 19
47 49
Coffee and coffee substitutes (071) 21 17
Meat of bovine animals, fresh, chilled or frozen (011) 16 17
Gold, non-monetary (excluding gold ores and concentrates) (971) 10 15
89
34/18/14/12/10
0.2513 0.2123
FOOD SECURITY
-276 -233
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 54 17
CENTRAL AMERICA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
126
PANAMA
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
75,420 75,420
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 30 31
3,678 3,802
2.6
1,649 1,756
37 38
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 15 14
4 3
7.5
23.12 30.49
6,287 7,892
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
8.8 19.2
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 48 35
Agricultural raw materials 1 3
Fuels 39 49
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 12 13
54 49
Petroleum oils, oils from bituminous materials, crude (333) 22 29
17 12
Petroleum oils or bituminous minerals > 70 % oil (334) 15 8
79
38/16/10/10/5
0.1728 0.1503
FOOD SECURITY
-542 -1,753
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 26 11
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
128
0 0
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
100
10 20 30 40 50 60
Commodity exports as a percentage of GDP, 2012/13
The size of the bubbles is proportional to Commodity dependence, 2012/13
Brazil
Argentina Uruguay
Colombia
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
Peru
Ecuador
Paraguay Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
Guyana
Suriname
Chile
Thre
e le
adin
g co
mm
odity
exp
orts
as
ape
rcen
tage
of c
omm
odity
exp
orts
, 201
2/13
0
20
40
60
80
100
0
20
40
60
80
100
All food exports, as a percentage of commodity exports,2012-2013
Agricultural raw materials exports, as a percentageof commodity exports, 2012-2013
Arge
ntin
a
Braz
il
Chile
Colo
mbi
a
Ecua
dor
Guya
na
Para
guay
Peru
Surin
ame
Urug
uay
Arge
ntin
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Braz
il
Chile
Colo
mbi
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Ecua
dor
Guya
na
Para
guay
Peru
Surin
ame
Urug
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Boliv
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Stat
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Vene
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aria
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Boliv
ia(P
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nal
Stat
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)
Vene
zuel
a(B
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aria
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publ
ic o
f)
0
20
40
60
80
100
020406080
100
Fuel exports, as a percentage of commodity exports,2012-2013
Minerals, ores and metals exports, as a percentageof commodity exports, 2012-2013
Arge
ntin
a
Braz
il
Chile
Colo
mbi
a
Ecua
dor
Guya
na
Para
guay
Peru
Surin
ame
Urug
uay
Arge
ntin
a
Braz
il
Chile
Colo
mbi
a
Ecua
dor
Guya
na
Para
guay
Peru
Surin
ame
Urug
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Boliv
ia(P
lurin
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nal
Stat
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)
Vene
zuel
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Boliv
ia(P
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nal
Stat
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)
Vene
zuel
a(B
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aria
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publ
ic o
f)
0
20
40
60
80
100
Arge
ntin
aBo
livia
(Plu
rinat
iona
lSt
ate
of)
Braz
il
Chile
Colo
mbi
a
Ecua
dor
Guya
na
Para
guay
Peru
Surin
ame
Urug
uay
Vene
zuel
a(B
oliv
aria
nRe
publ
ic o
f)
Arge
ntin
a
Braz
il
Chile
Colo
mbi
a
Ecua
dor
Guya
na
Para
guay
Peru
Surin
ame
Urug
uay
0
20
40
60
80
100
Commodity exports as a percentage of merchandiseexports, 2012-2013
All food import value as a percentage of commodityimport value, 2012-2013
Boliv
ia(P
lurin
atio
nal
Stat
e of
)
Vene
zuel
a(B
oliv
aria
nRe
publ
ic o
f)
129
ARGENTINA
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
2,780,400 2,780,400
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 53 54
40,374 41,087
2.3
18,366 19,185
40 41
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 8 7
11 11
3.0
253.75 289.95
6,285 6,996
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
12.1 10.8
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 75 81
Agricultural raw materials 2 1
Fuels 13 8
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 10 9
41 43
21 23
11 10
9 10
61
26/16/11/5/4
0.1370 0.1548
FOOD SECURITY
-29,229 -40,139
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 5 5
SOUTH AMERICA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
130
BOLIVIA (PLURINATIONAL STATE OF)
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
1,098,580 1,098,580
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 34 35
10,157 10,496
3.5
4,585 4,936
45 45
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 43 42
42 42
6.4
11.95 14.07
1,177 1,318
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
30.6 40.5
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 20 16
Agricultural raw materials 1 1
Fuels 47 55
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 32 28
68 68
44 51
15 9
Ores and concentrates of precious metals; waste, scrap (289)
9 8
92
68/12/6/3/3
0.1841 0.4788
FOOD SECURITY
-698 -1,197
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 38 20
131
BRAZIL
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
8,514,880 8,515,770
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 32 33
195,210 198,656
1.9
101,601 106,147
44 44
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 11 10
25 24
2.4
1,096.45 1,163.51
5,617 5,807
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
5.8 6.8
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 51 52
Agricultural raw materials 6 6
Fuels 15 14
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 27 28
41 45
19 21
Petroleum oils, oils from bituminous materials, crude (333) 12 13
10 11
69
29/22/7/6/5
0.0881 0.1512
FOOD SECURITY
-48,774 -68,502
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 15 5
SOUTH AMERICA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
132
CHILE
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
756,100 756,100
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 21 21
17,151 17,465
1.9
8,032 8,414
40 40
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 12 11
14 15
4.2
147.87 172.16
8,622 9,771
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
28.5 24.7
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 21 23
Agricultural raw materials 7 7
Fuels 1 1
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 71 69
70 68
42 36
21 25
7 7
79
30/16/12/12/9
0.2886 0.3450
FOOD SECURITY
-7,785 -9,188
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 9 5
133
COLOMBIA
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
1,141,750 1,141,750
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 37 38
46,445 47,704
2.5
22,143 23,634
42 43
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 16 15
25 25
4.0
182.95 211.04
3,939 4,367
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
10.6 13.2
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 17 11
Agricultural raw materials 4 3
Fuels 70 79
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 9 7
68 78
39 55
20 14
9 9
80
39/18/9/8/6
0.2946 0.4581
FOOD SECURITY
-997 638
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 22 11
SOUTH AMERICA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
134
ECUADOR
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
256,370 256,370
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 29 30
15,001 15,492
2.8
6,857 7,368
40 40
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 18 16
25 26
3.8
49.04 57.68
3,269 3,665
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
21.6 25.0
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 36 32
Agricultural raw materials 5 4
Fuels 58 62
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 1 3
79 82
53 58
Fruits and nuts (excluding oil nuts), fresh or dried (057) 15 14
Fishery products (03) 11 10
88
48/22/12/3/3
0.4501 0.5254
FOOD SECURITY
-3,514 -5,196
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 19 11
135
GUYANA
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
214,970 214,970
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 8 9
786 795
2.8
302 319
36 35
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 17 15
8 8
4.8
1.63 1.88
2,071 2,356
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
37.6 43.7
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 38 34
Agricultural raw materials 6 4
Fuels – –
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 56 62
68 71
41 48
Rice (042) 14 12
Aluminium ores and concentrates (including alumina) (285) 13 11
82
30/27/17/5/4
0.3274 0.4490
FOOD SECURITY
-113 -161
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 23 10
SOUTH AMERICA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
136
PARAGUAY
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
406,750 406,750
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 52 54
6,460 6,687
3.1
3,088 3,329
40 40
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 27 26
8 7
13.0
11.15 12.99
1,726 1,909
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
29.2 26.6
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 80 76
Agricultural raw materials 4 2
Fuels 16 20
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 1 2
64 64
31 32
Meat of bovine animals, fresh, chilled or frozen (011) 17 19
Electric current (351) 16 13
80
44/18/13/3/3
0.3216 0.3411
FOOD SECURITY
-3,537 -4,788
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 20 11
137
PERU
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
1,285,220 1,285,220
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 19 19
29,263 29,988
2.6
15,481 16,399
45 45
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 24 23
31 32
5.2
112.19 134.17
3,834 4,417
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
19.1 18.6
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 18 18
Agricultural raw materials 1 1
Fuels 10 14
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 70 67
54 53
26 23
18 21
Ores and concentrates of base metals, n.e.s. (287) 10 9
75
20/18/16/10/10
0.2262 0.2283
FOOD SECURITY
-2,313 -2,755
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 32 9
SOUTH AMERICA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
138
SURINAME
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
163,820 163,820
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 1 1
525 535
2.4
204 214
37 38
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 16 15
24 24
3.9
2.73 3.10
5,192 5,744
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
22.6 47.5
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 12 10
Agricultural raw materials 1 1
Fuels 15 10
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 72 79
86 88
49 56
22 22
15 10
81
23/20/19/13/5
0.5102 0.5514
FOOD SECURITY
92 52
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 16 8
139
URUGUAY
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
176,220 176,220
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 86 87
3,372 3,395
2.1
1,708 1,751
44 45
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 11 11
14 15
4.5
22.99 26.60
6,818 7,808
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
13.4 12.8
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 82 86
Agricultural raw materials 13 11
Fuels 3 1
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 2 2
44 52
Meat of bovine animals, fresh, chilled or frozen (011) 22 24
13 20
9 8
77
31/20/15/6/5
0.1705 0.2281
FOOD SECURITY
-3,016 -4,637
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 9 5
SOUTH AMERICA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
140
VENEZUELA (BOLIVARIAN REPUBLIC OF)
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
912,050 912,050
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 24 25
29,043 29,955
2.6
13,463 14,464
39 40
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 5 5
6 6
1.2
174.55 194.22
6,010 6,388
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
15.5 20.2
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 1 2
Agricultural raw materials – –
Fuels 95 95
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 4 3
96 94
72 73
22 20
2 1
88
43/17/17/6/6
0.6042 0.6192
FOOD SECURITY
6,502 9,153
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 14 5
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
142
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Commodity exports as a percentage of GDP, 2012/13
The size of the bubbles is proportional to Commodity dependence, 2012/13 Data on commodity exports as a percentage of GDP is not available for theDemocratic People's Republic of Korea.Consequently, this country does not appear on the graph.
Republic of Korea
China
Mongolia
Thre
e le
adin
g co
mm
odity
exp
orts
as
ape
rcen
tage
of c
omm
odity
exp
orts
, 201
2/13
0
20
40
60
80
100
All food exports, as a percentage of commodity exports,2012-2013
Agricultural raw materials exports, as a percentageof commodity exports, 2012-2013
0
20
40
60
80
100
Chin
a
Dem
ocra
ticPe
ople
’sRe
publ
icof
Kor
ea
Mon
golia
Repu
blic of
Kore
a
Chin
a
Dem
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ticPe
ople
’sRe
publ
icof
Kor
ea
Mon
golia
Repu
blic of
Kore
a
0
20
40
60
80100
Fuel exports, as a percentage of commodity exports,2012-2013
Minerals, ores and metals exports, as a percentageof commodity exports, 2012-2013
0
20
40
60
80100
Chin
a
D em
ocra
ticPe
ople
’sRe
publ
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Kor
ea
Mon
golia
Repu
blic of
Kore
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Mon
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Chin
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Mon
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Repu
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Chin
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blic of
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Commodity exports as a percentage of merchandiseexports, 2012-2013
All food import value as a percentage of commodityimport value, 2012-2013
143
CHINA
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
9,600,000 9,600,000
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 54 55
1,359,821 1,377,065
1.6
801,588 816,976
45 44
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 62 60
48 48
7.6
3,890.89 4,928.05
2,861 3,557
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
2.4 2.5
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 32 29
Agricultural raw materials 7 6
Fuels 25 23
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 36 42
38 41
17 18
13 14
8 9
62
26/13/11/9/4
0.0772 0.0968
FOOD SECURITY
30,715 60,215
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 24 11
EASTERN ASIA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
144
DEMOCRATIC PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF KOREA
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
120,540 120,540
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 22 22
24,501 24,763
2.0
14,575 14,913
48 48
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 21 20
46 46
0.5
12.96 13.16
529 529
n.a. n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
n.a. n.a.
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 10 7
Agricultural raw materials 4 2
Fuels 48 66
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 38 25
64 79
39 61
17 13
Petroleum oils or bituminous minerals > 70 % oil (334) 8 5
99
94/3/1/1
0.1084 0.3968
FOOD SECURITY
300 487
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 23 38
145
MONGOLIA
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
1,564,120 1,564,120
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 73 73
2,713 2,796
2.4
1,183 1,268
46 47
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 19 17
48 48
15.2
3.45 5.25
1,273 1,849
n.a. n.a.
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
42.7 38.0
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 2 1
Agricultural raw materials 7 7
Fuels 10 27
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 80 65
75 67
46 39
Gold, non-monetary (excluding gold ores and concentrates) (971) 15 19
Ores and concentrates of base metals, n.e.s. (287) 14 9
99
91/4/2/1
0.3696 0.3726
FOOD SECURITY
317 683
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 30 22
EASTERN ASIA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
146
REPUBLIC OF KOREA
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
100,030 100,150
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 18 18
48,454 49,003
1.2
24,265 24,816
41 41
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 5 4
43 43
2.7
1,019.09 1,107.59
21,032 22,483
n.a. n.a.
n.a.
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
5.2 6.9
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 10 8
Agricultural raw materials 8 7
Fuels 59 68
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 24 17
68 74
55 65
7 5
Gold, non-monetary (excluding gold ores and concentrates) (971) 6 4
69
29/16/11/7/6
0.1572 0.1482
FOOD SECURITY
13,018 18,782
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 5 5
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
148
0
20
40
60
80
100
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Commodity exports as a percentage of GDP, 2012/13
The size of the bubbles is proportional to Commodity dependence, 2012/13
Bangladesh
Afghanistan
Nepal
Bhutan
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Maldives
IndiaSri Lanka
Pakistan
Thre
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adin
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exp
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as
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tage
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exp
orts
, 201
2/13
020406080
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020406080
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All food exports, as a percentage of commodity exports,2012-2013
Agricultural raw materials exports, as a percentageof commodity exports, 2012-2013
Afgh
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Bang
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anka
020406080
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020406080
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Fuel exports, as a percentage of commodity exports,2012-2013
Minerals, ores and metals exports, as a percentageof commodity exports, 2012-2013
Afgh
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(Isla
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Afgh
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(Isla
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Repu
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stan
Sri L
anka
020406080
100
Commodity exports as a percentage of merchandiseexports, 2012-2013
All food import value as a percentage of commodityimport value, 2012-2013
149
AFGHANISTAN
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
652,860 652,860
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 58 58
28,398 29,825
6.3
8,270 9,303
15 16
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 73 71
32 33
7.0
10.39 12.81
366 419
n.a. n.a.
n.a.
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
1.3 1.6
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 55 43
Agricultural raw materials 32 34
Fuels 1 10
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 11 14
65 54
40 27
Cotton (263) 13 14
Crude vegetable materials, n.e.s. (292) 12 13
95
78/9/4/3/2
0.3568 0.2775
FOOD SECURITY
592 1,735
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 30 25
SOUTHERN ASIA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
150
BANGLADESH
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
148,460 148,460
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 62 70
151,126 154,695
2.4
72,274 77,358
40 40
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 44 41
51 52
6.0
88.15 106.30
583 679
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
1.2 1.4
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 60 63
Agricultural raw materials 25 21
Fuels 11 11
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 5 6
69 64
53 49
11 10
Tobacco, unmanufactured; tobacco refuse (121) 5 5
73
31/20/12/8/4
0.3758 0.3632
FOOD SECURITY
4,213 5,814
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 33 17
151
BHUTAN
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
38,390 38,390
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 14 14
717 742
2.6
365 398
42 42
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 85 85
34 35
8.2
1.29 1.58
1,797 2,100
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
17.6 11.9
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 10 22
Agricultural raw materials 1 1
Fuels 65 42
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 25 36
79 62
63 40
11 12
Other crude minerals (278) 5 10
100
97/1/1
0.3203 0.3392
FOOD SECURITY
37 66
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 n.a. n.a.
SOUTHERN ASIA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
152
INDIA
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
3,287,260 3,287,260
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 55 60
1,205,625 1,236,687
2.7
472,580 498,687
25 25
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 57 56
32 33
4.9
1,251.82 1,441.48
1,038 1,151
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
5.6 7.6
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 19 24
Agricultural raw materials 4 7
Fuels 37 43
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 40 26
65 64
35 41
23 18
7 5
54
15/12/11/10/6
0.1461 0.1839
FOOD SECURITY
-3,518 -15,817
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 24 15
153
IRAN (ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF)
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
1,745,150 1,745,150
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 28 30
74,462 76,424
1.9
25,226 27,059
18 18
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 26 24
46 49
-1.0
264.28 264.50
3,549 3,415
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
19.5 13.4
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 4 4
Agricultural raw materials – –
Fuels 90 88
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 5 7
89 86
82 80
Petroleum oils or bituminous minerals > 70 % oil (334) 5 3
2 3
85
37/19/12/11/7
0.7819 0.5854
FOOD SECURITY
4,715 5,671
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 5 5
SOUTHERN ASIA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
154
MALDIVES
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
300 300
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 23 23
326 338
2.4
153 167
42 42
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 15 13
39 38
4.0
1.68 2.15
5,155 6,230
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
7.3 9.3
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 73 91
Agricultural raw materials – –
Fuels 25 7
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 3 2
97 97
71 90
24 5
Ferrous waste, scrape; remelting ingots, iron, steel (282) 2 2
95
52/17/14/8/4
0.2827 0.7036
FOOD SECURITY
95 110
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 12 6
155
NEPAL
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
147,180 147,180
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 28 29
26,846 27,474
3.0
16,034 17,439
49 49
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 75 75
48 49
3.8
10.30 11.59
384 417
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
1.9 1.4
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 74 74
Agricultural raw materials 11 13
Fuels – –
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 15 14
44 39
Vegetables (054) 25 14
Crude vegetable materials, n.e.s. (292) 10 14
Spices (075) 9 11
93
85/5/2/1/1
0.3235 0.1372
FOOD SECURITY
425 708
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 23 13
SOUTHERN ASIA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
156
PAKISTAN
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
796,100 796,100
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 33 35
173,149 179,160
3.7
59,739 65,157
21 21
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 41 40
30 32
3.6
139.22 154.21
804 847
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
2.9 2.8
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 67 74
Agricultural raw materials 8 11
Fuels 20 7
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 5 8
67 45
42 32
20 7
5 6
62
26/12/12/7/4
0.2147 0.1894
FOOD SECURITY
1,028 65
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 25 22
157
SRI LANKA
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
65,610 65,610
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 40 43
20,759 21,098
2.3
8,607 8,865
32 33
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 47 46
37 37
6.7
33.25 40.86
1,602 1,921
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
6.2 5.3
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 73 76
Agricultural raw materials 10 8
Fuels – 1
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 17 15
65 65
45 44
14 12
Fishery products (03) 6 9
53
21/16/7/4/4
0.2313 0.2001
FOOD SECURITY
-371 -450
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 31 25
SOUTHERN ASIA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
160
0
20
40
60
80
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Commodity exports as a percentage of GDP, 2012/13
The size of the bubbles is proportional to Commodity dependence, 2012/13
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Philippines
Cambodia
MyanmarLao People’sDemocraticRepublic
Viet NamIndonesia
Singapore
Brunei Darussalam
Malaysia
Thre
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adin
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odity
exp
orts
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tage
of c
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exp
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80
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0
20
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60
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All food exports, as a percentage of commodity exports,2012-2013
Agricultural raw materials exports, as a percentageof commodity exports, 2012-2013
Brun
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Fuel exports, as a percentage of commodity exports,2012-2013
Minerals, ores and metals exports, as a percentageof commodity exports, 2012-2013
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Commodity exports as a percentage of merchandiseexports, 2012-2013
All food import value as a percentage of commodityimport value, 2012-2013
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161
BRUNEI DARUSSALAM
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
5,770 5,770
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 2 3
401 412
2.1
195 206
42 42
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 1 –
– –
1.8
9.85 10.47
24,589 25,057
n.a. n.a.
n.a.
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
68.2 70.5
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items – –
Agricultural raw materials – –
Fuels 100 100
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold – –
100 100
Petroleum oils, oils from bituminous materials, crude (333) 56 51
43 49
1 –
92
45/16/16/8/7
0.5906 0.6570
FOOD SECURITY
473 512
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 5 5
SOUTH-EASTERN ASIA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
162
CAMBODIA
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
181,040 181,040
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 31 33
14,365 14,865
3.1
7,973 8,479
50 50
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 62 61
51 51
6.9
8.69 10.67
605 705
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
5.1 7.5
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 26 49
Agricultural raw materials 30 31
Fuels – –
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 44 20
58 53
20 22
Stone, sand and gravel (273) 19 18
Gold, non-monetary (excluding gold ores and concentrates) (971) 19 13
96
67/15/12/2/1
0.3626 0.3254
FOOD SECURITY
641 1,036
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 32 16
163
INDONESIA
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
1,910,930 1,910,930
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 29 31
240,677 246,864
2.5
118,023 123,441
38 38
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 42 40
39 40
5.7
377.90 451.85
1,570 1,808
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
13.5 13.6
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 27 28
Agricultural raw materials 9 9
Fuels 47 51
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 17 12
48 52
19 20
other than "soft" (422)
16 16
Natural gas, 13 16
79
21/21/18/10/9
0.1254 0.1569
FOOD SECURITY
-13,149 -17,351
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 20 9
SOUTH-EASTERN ASIA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
164
LAO PEOPLE’S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
236,800 236,800
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 10 11
6,396 6,646
3.5
3,169 3,414
50 49
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 75 74
52 52
8.0
3.99 5.02
624 742
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
18.4 19.8
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 11 9
Agricultural raw materials 20 24
Fuels 14 21
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 55 46
71 66
29 25
Copper ores and concentrates; copper mattes; cement copper (283) 24 21
Forestry products (24+25) 18 20
99
81/7/6/3/3
0.2958 0.2812
FOOD SECURITY
80 161
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 43 22
165
MALAYSIA
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
330,800 330,800
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 23 24
28,276 29,240
2.1
11,977 12,722
36 36
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 13 12
21 20
4.0
178.67 206.37
6,319 6,944
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
24.9 28.5
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 37 31
Agricultural raw materials 8 6
Fuels 49 55
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 7 8
55 58
21 21
19 20
Petroleum oils, oils from bituminous materials, crude (333)
15 17
73
27/19/16/6/6
0.2185 0.1720
FOOD SECURITY
-9,265 -10,721
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 5 5
SOUTH-EASTERN ASIA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
166
MYANMAR
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
676,590 676,590
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 19 19
51,931 52,797
2.1
27,971 29,157
49 49
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 67 66
48 48
5.3
20.29 24.06
391 452
n.a. n.a.
n.a.
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
16.6 15.2
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 23 22
Agricultural raw materials 16 15
Fuels 42 43
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 18 21
71 72
41 42
16 18
14 12
97
71/20/3/2/1
0.2635 0.4040
FOOD SECURITY
-1,008 -805
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 63 17
167
PHILIPPINES
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
300,000 300,000
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 41 42
93,444 96,707
3.3
38,719 41,664
39 39
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 35 33
24 24
7.0
131.14 155.33
1,403 1,579
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
3.6 4.2
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 51 48
Agricultural raw materials 4 5
Fuels 14 16
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 31 32
36 29
than "soft" (422) 14 11
Copper (682) 13 9
9 9
81
23/16/15/14/13
0.4278 0.2198
FOOD SECURITY
2,513 1,531
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 26 12
SOUTH-EASTERN ASIA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
168
SINGAPORE
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
710 710
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 1 1
5,079 5,303
1.3
2,809 2,948
42 42
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013
– –
3.0
172.10 188.87
33,885 34,900
n.a. n.a.
n.a.
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
30.3 32.6
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 10 10
Agricultural raw materials 1 1
Fuels 77 80
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 12 8
82 83
75 78
Gold, non-monetary (excluding gold ores and concentrates) (971) 5 3
Alcoholic beverages (112) 2 2
83
50/18/10/3/2
0.2697 0.2707
FOOD SECURITY
2,644 3,522
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 n.a. n.a.
169
THAILAND
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
513,120 513,120
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 41 43
66,402 66,785
1.5
39,404 40,446
46 46
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 49 46
45 45
3.0
225.69 248.27
3,399 3,705
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
16.2 16.7
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 47 45
Agricultural raw materials 16 17
Fuels 17 22
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 19 16
39 41
14 17
Fishery products (03) 13 13
Natural rubber and similar gums, in primary forms (231) 12 11
76
30/21/10/8/7
0.1085 0.0791
FOOD SECURITY
-15,722 -17,292
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 36 7
SOUTH-EASTERN ASIA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
170
TIMOR-LESTE
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
14,870 14,870
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 25 26
1,079 1,114
6.5
343 383
33 33
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 80 79
45 45
9.7
2.96 3.83
2,739 3,381
n.a.
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
0.3 0.4
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 18 2
Agricultural raw materials 1 –
Fuels 80 98
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold – –
97 100
52 94
Petroleum oils, oils from bituminous materials, crude (333) 28 4
17 2
100
63/25/10/1
n.a. 0.9355
FOOD SECURITY
73 210
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 45 29
171
VIET NAM
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
330,951 330,960
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 33 35
89,047 90,796
1.9
51,687 54,264
49 48
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 57 56
49 49
5.2
78.28 92.08
879 1,004
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
22.0 24.0
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 53 53
Agricultural raw materials 9 11
Fuels 34 33
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 4 3
54 52
23 24
19 19
12 9
74
24/20/11/11/8
0.2444 0.1274
FOOD SECURITY
-6,472 -10,988
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 46 13
SOUTH-EASTERN ASIA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
174
0
20
40
60
80
100
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90Commodity exports as a percentage of GDP, 2012/13
The size of the bubbles is proportional to Commodity dependence, 2012/13
Jordan
Lebanon
Syrian Arab Republic
Turkey
YemenSaudi Arabia
BahrainOman
Kuwait Iraq
Qatar
United Arab Emirates
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All food exports, as a percentage of commodity exports,2012-2013
Agricultural raw materials exports, as a percentageof commodity exports, 2012-2013
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Minerals, ores and metals exports, as a percentageof commodity exports, 2012-2013
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Commodity exports as a percentage of merchandiseexports, 2012-2013
All food import value as a percentage of commodityimport value, 2012-2013
175
BAHRAIN
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
760 760
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 11 11
1,252 1,318
2.2
711 769
19 20
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 1 1
– –
3.9
20.93 22.95
16,722 17,231
n.a. n.a.
n.a.
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
42.0 48.9
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 5 5
Agricultural raw materials – –
Fuels 49 55
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 46 40
83 82
41 46
31 23
11 13
62
27/13/7/7/7
0.4289 0.3565
FOOD SECURITY
976 656
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 n.a. n.a.
WESTERN ASIA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
176
IRAQ
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
435,240 435,240
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 18 18
30,962 32,778
4.4
7,452 8,394
18 18
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 6 5
51 52
7.8
48.36 61.38
1,562 1,818
n.a.
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
39.6 58.3
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items – –
Agricultural raw materials – –
Fuels 99 99
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 1 –
99 100
98 99
0.9 0.8
0.4 0.2
85
21/20/18/15/10
0.9553 0.9805
FOOD SECURITY
11,210 14,180
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 8 24
177
JORDAN
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
89,320 89,320
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 11 12
6,455 7,009
3.6
1,589 1,795
18 18
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 7 6
61 64
2.9
17.03 18.46
2,639 2,537
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
7.1 7.2
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 53 57
Agricultural raw materials 1 3
Fuels 3 2
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 43 38
56 53
25 27
19 18
Gold, non-monetary (excluding gold ores and concentrates) (971) 11 8
91
57/22/6/3/3
0.1612 0.1564
FOOD SECURITY
1,497 2,316
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 6 5
WESTERN ASIA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
178
KUWAIT
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
17,820 17,820
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 9 9
2,992 3,250
2.7
1,357 1,478
24 24
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 1 1
– –
3.2
85.60 98.68
28,615 29,295
n.a. n.a.
n.a.
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
47.4 56.1
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items – –
Agricultural raw materials – –
Fuels 99 99
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 1 1
98 99
74 79
18 16
6 4
76
18/16/16/14/12
0.6394 0.7190
FOOD SECURITY
3,463 4,731
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 40 5
179
LEBANON
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
10,450 10,450
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 61 72
4,341 4,647
1.6
1,454 1,530
25 26
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 2 2
32 33
2.0
29.97 31.53
6,904 6,538
n.a. n.a.
n.a.
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
5.4 6.4
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 34 34
Agricultural raw materials 3 2
Fuels 1 8
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 62 56
54 46
33 26
11 11
Ferrous waste, scrape; remelting ingots, iron, steel (282) 9 9
85
41/17/12/11/3
0.1257 0.1174
FOOD SECURITY
1,876 2,290
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 5 5
WESTERN ASIA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
180
OMAN
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
309,500 309,500
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 5 5
2,803 3,314
2.9
1,216 1,337
18 18
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 26 24
7 7
4.3
42.95 47.18
15,324 12,989
n.a. n.a.
n.a.
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
48.0 54.1
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 4 4
Agricultural raw materials – –
Fuels 92 89
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 5 7
91 89
71 62
15 18
5 9
84
44/14/11/10/5
0.8021 0.5905
FOOD SECURITY
1,180 1,497
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 n.a. n.a.
181
QATAR
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
11,610 11,610
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 6 6
1,750 2,051
2.2
1,315 1,446
12 12
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 1 1
– –
4.8
101.94 128.21
58,259 59,119
n.a. n.a.
n.a.
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
46.7 64.2
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items – –
Agricultural raw materials – –
Fuels 99 99
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 1 1
92 91
Petroleum oils, oils from bituminous materials, crude (333) 46 48
38 35
8 8
84
31/21/12/11/10
0.6034 0.5216
FOOD SECURITY
1,759 2,798
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 n.a. n.a.
WESTERN ASIA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
182
SAUDI ARABIA
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
2,149,690 2,149,690
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 81 81
27,258 28,288
3.0
9,557 10,385
15 16
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 5 4
6 5
4.0
435.99 517.53
15,995 17,952
n.a. n.a.
n.a.
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
39.4 46.2
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 2 1
Agricultural raw materials – –
Fuels 98 98
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 1 1
97 97
87 89
8 6
3 2
74
27/14/14/10/9
0.7233 0.7667
FOOD SECURITY
10,561 20,030
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 5 5
183
SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
185,180 185,180
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 75 76
21,533 21,890
3.2
5,452 5,993
15 16
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 25 22
61 63
-15.0
36.08 30.51
1,676 1,393
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
13.5 4.8
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 42 66
Agricultural raw materials 2 2
Fuels 52 29
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 4 4
60 44
Petroleum oils, oils from bituminous materials, crude (333) 40 21
Petroleum oils or bituminous minerals > 70 % oil (334) 12 13
Vegetables (054) 8 10
97
85/7/2/2/1
0.6279 0.1495
FOOD SECURITY
-104 -9
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 n.a. n.a.
WESTERN ASIA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
184
TURKEY
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
783,560 783,560
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 50 50
72,138 73,997
2.2
26,531 27,866
29 29
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 30 28
53 54
3.5
565.10 650.00
7,834 8,674
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
3.4 4.7
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 48 42
Agricultural raw materials 2 2
Fuels 18 18
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 32 38
44 49
Petroleum oils or bituminous minerals > 70 % oil (334) 16 22
Gold, non-monetary (excluding gold ores and concentrates) (971) 14 17
14 10
75
27/25/12/6/4
0.0981 0.0690
FOOD SECURITY
-4,471 -5,270
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 5 5
185
UNITED ARAB EMIRATES
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
83,600 83,600
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 5 5
8,442 9,206
2.0
4,927 5,387
15 15
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 3 3
– –
3.7
229.85 204.45
24,219 24,593
n.a. n.a.
n.a.
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
49.6 72.4
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 6 5
Agricultural raw materials – –
Fuels 69 75
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 25 20
77 73
57 51
11 11
Pearls and precious or semiprecious stones, unworked or worked (667)
9 11
70
21/19/16/7/7
0.5344 0.4230
FOOD SECURITY
4,865 6,230
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 5 5
WESTERN ASIA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
186
YEMEN
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
527,970 527,970
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 45 45
22,763 23,852
4.9
6,459 7,313
26 26
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 36 33
40 41
3.0
23.60 21.64
1,037 886
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
23.2 22.8
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 8 8
Agricultural raw materials – –
Fuels 88 89
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 4 2
87 88
72 52
8 29
7 7
84
35/15/14/10/10
0.8487 0.5661
FOOD SECURITY
2,148 3,038
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 29 26
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
188
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80Commodity exports as a percentage of GDP, 2012/13
The size of the bubbles is proportional to Commodity dependence, 2012/13Palau’s and Vanuatu’s bubbles are not visible on this graph as they are hidden by others’ bubbles
Nauru
Solomon Islands
Papua New Guinea
Fiji
Micronesia (Federated States of)
TongaSamoa
Marshall Islands
Vanuatu
Kiribati
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All food exports, as a percentage of commodity exports,2012-2013
Agricultural raw materials exports, as a percentageof commodity exports, 2012-2013
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Fuel exports, as a percentage of commodity exports,2012-2013
Minerals, ores and metals exports, as a percentageof commodity exports, 2012-2013
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0
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40
60
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Commodity exports as a percentage of merchandiseexports, 2012-2013
All food import value as a percentage of commodityimport value, 2012-2013
Fiji
Kirib
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Mar
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Tuva
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Vanu
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189
FIJI
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
18,270 18,270
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 23 23
861 875
2.8
365 376
32 33
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 35 34
21 22
2.1
3.02 3.19
3,508 3,622
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
18.6 22.6
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 68 58
Agricultural raw materials 7 6
Fuels 15 24
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 10 11
52 56
Fishery products (03) 23 24
Petroleum oils or bituminous minerals > 70 % oil (334) 15 20
Sugar, molasses and honey (061) 14 12
81
29/21/12/11/8
0.2462 0.2567
FOOD SECURITY
-71 -73
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 7 5
OCEANIA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
190
KIRIBATI
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
810 810
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 42 42
98 101
3.2
48 51
42 43
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 23 22
27 27
3.0
0.11 0.12
1,134 1,186
n.a. n.a.
n.a.
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
3.0 3.5
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 98 99
Agricultural raw materials – –
Fuels – –
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 1 –
97 99
90 91
6 6
Ores and concentrates of precious metals; waste, scrap (289)
1 2
95
66/12/8/6/3
0.5727 0.8743
FOOD SECURITY
17 18
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 8 5
191
MARSHALL ISLANDS
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
180 180
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 72 72
52 53
n.a.
26 26
42 42
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 23 23
33 33
2.3
0.15 0.16
2,867 3,001
n.a. n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
3.4 6.2
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 70 86
Agricultural raw materials – –
Fuels 28 13
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 2 1
94 96
65 82
27 12
2 2
83
36/26/9/8/4
0.5226 0.8778
FOOD SECURITY
-4 -11
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 n.a. n.a.
OCEANIA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
192
MICRONESIA (FEDERATED STATES OF)
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
700 700
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 31 31
103 104
3.6
51 51
41 41
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 24 22
25 25
1.0
0.25 0.26
2,378 2,488
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
9.2 9.9
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 99 98
Agricultural raw materials – –
Fuels – –
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold – 1
100 99
99 98
Crude animal materials, n.e.s. (291) 0.3 0.6
0.2 0.6
96
54/21/13/7/1
0.7162 0.9651
FOOD SECURITY
25 37
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 n.a. n.a.
193
NAURU
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
20 20
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 20 20
10 10
n.a.
5 5
40 40
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 20 20
– –
4.0
0.04 0.06
4,060 5,784
n.a. n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
54.9 65.6
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 2 1
Agricultural raw materials 1 –
Fuels 6 –
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 91 99
98 100
91 98
Residual petroleum products, n.e.s., related materials (335) 6 0.8
1 0.7
99
41/20/18/15/5
0.7589 0.9363
FOOD SECURITY
3 11
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 n.a. n.a.
OCEANIA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
194
PALAU
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
460 460
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 11 11
20 21
n.a.
10 10
40 40
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 20 20
50 50
2.0
0.17 0.17
8,161 8,080
n.a. n.a.
n.a.
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
2.8 3.4
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 97 97
Agricultural raw materials – –
Fuels – –
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 3 2
99 98
96 96
2 0.8
Alcoholic beverages (112) 1 0.8
100
95/2/1/1/1
0.5324 0.9204
FOOD SECURITY
9 31
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 n.a. n.a.
195
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
462,840 462,840
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 2 3
6,859 7,167
4.1
3,025 3,285
48 48
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 70 68
56 56
4.0
6.49 8.20
947 1,120
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
55.8 37.0
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 19 19
Agricultural raw materials 8 9
Fuels 16 19
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 57 53
67 54
31 25
22 15
14 14
87
46/15/14/9/3
0.3534 0.3162
FOOD SECURITY
-156 -492
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 n.a. n.a.
OCEANIA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
196
SAMOA
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
2,840 2,840
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 12 12
186 189
4.5
69 71
34 34
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 26 25
33 33
2.4
0.45 0.47
2,413 2,462
n.a. n.a.
n.a.
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
3.4 3.8
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 92 94
Agricultural raw materials 1 1
Fuels – –
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 7 5
74 75
Fishery products (03) 40 43
Alcoholic beverages (112) 21 26
Vegetables (054) 13 6
87
65/6/6/5/5
0.6672 0.2667
FOOD SECURITY
50 65
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 11 5
197
SOLOMON ISLANDS
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
28,900 28,900
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 4 4
526 550
4.4
217 238
38 39
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 70 69
46 47
4.5
0.52 0.63
985 1,121
n.a. n.a.
n.a.
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
23.7 38.1
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 25 18
Agricultural raw materials 74 67
Fuels – –
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 1 15
91 89
74 66
Fishery products (03) 10 14
7 9
90
60/15/10/2/2
0.5773 0.6209
FOOD SECURITY
21 3
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 25 13
OCEANIA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
198
TONGA
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
750 750
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 41 43
104 105
4.0
42 42
43 43
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 26 26
45 36
1.3
0.27 0.28
2,601 2,702
n.a. n.a.
n.a.
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
1.8 2.4
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 90 79
Agricultural raw materials 6 12
Fuels 2 –
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 2 9
81 76
Fishery products (03) 53 41
Vegetables (054) 23 26
Fruits and nuts (excluding oil nuts), fresh or dried (057) 5 9
84
21/21/15/15/12
0.4049 0.2825
FOOD SECURITY
41 48
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 n.a. n.a.
199
TUVALU
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
30 30
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 60 60
10 10
n.a.
4 4
50 50
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 25 25
– –
1.3
0.03 0.03
2,597 2,670
n.a. n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
0.3 0.5
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 61 94
Agricultural raw materials 14 2
Fuels 2 –
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold 23 3
78 99
49 94
20 3
Crude vegetable materials, n.e.s. (292) 9 2
100
59/14/7/7/6
0.1509 0.6762
FOOD SECURITY
2 2
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 n.a. n.a.
OCEANIA
THE STATE OF COMMODITY DEPENDENCE 2014
200
VANUATU
GENERAL INFORMATION PAST PRESENT
12,190 12,190
Agricultural area as a percentage of country area, 2010 and 2012 15 15
236 247
3.6
105 114
43 43
Labour force in agriculture as a percentage of total labour force, 2010 and 2013 36 35
47 45
4.0
0.50 0.54
2,125 2,137
n.a. n.a.
n.a.
COMMODITY EXPORT DEPENDENCE
5.5 4.2
Direction of commodity export dependence, 1995-2013
All food items 96 96
Agricultural raw materials 3 3
Fuels 1 –
Ores, metals, precious stones and non-monetary gold – –
91 94
87 90
(422) 2 2
Crude vegetable materials, n.e.s. (292) 2 2
92
67/20/4/2/1
0.4972 0.8371
FOOD SECURITY
-6 8
Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption, 1991 and 2013 11 7