STARRING:STARRING:

William TaftWilliam Taft&&

Woodrow WilsonWoodrow Wilson

1. What party did TR belong to?Did the members of his party

like him? Why or why not?

2. What made TR a Progressive?

He was a Progressive because…

…he wasn’t anti-Labor.

He was a Progressive because…

…he would take on the Trusts.

He was a Progressive because…

…he was a conservationist.

1908 victory1908 victory

President TaftPresident Taft"Politics: when I am in "Politics: when I am in

it, it makes me sick."it, it makes me sick."

• Trust Buster (more Trust Buster (more than TR)than TR)

• Conservation (more Conservation (more than TR)than TR)

……His only fault was that he wasn’t TR…His only fault was that he wasn’t TR…

Under TR’s Shadow:Taft never measured up to Teddy’s legacy.

1912 Election1912 Election• TR’s new partyTR’s new party

• Teddy “Teddy “Boris theBoris theBullet-dodgerBullet-dodger””RooseveltRoosevelt

• New Nationalism:New Nationalism:– Tariff ReductionTariff Reduction– Women’s SuffrageWomen’s Suffrage– End to Child LaborEnd to Child Labor– 8 Hour Workday8 Hour Workday

• Before a campaign speech in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, Theodore Roosevelt, the presidential candidate for the Progressive Party, is shot at close range by saloonkeeper John Schrank while greeting the public in front of the Gilpatrick Hotel.

• Schrank's .32-caliber bullet, aimed directly at Roosevelt's heart, failed to mortally wound the former president because its force was slowed by a glasses case and a bundle of manuscript in the breast pocket of Roosevelt's heavy coat--a manuscript containing Roosevelt's evening speech.

• Schrank was immediately detained and reportedly offered as his motive that "any man looking for a third term ought to be shot."

• Roosevelt, who suffered only a flesh wound from the attack, went on to deliver his scheduled speech with the bullet still in his body.

• After a few words, the former "Rough Rider" pulled the torn and bloodstained manuscript from his breast pocket and declared, "You see, it takes more than one bullet to kill a Bull Moose."

• He spoke for nearly an hour and then was rushed to the hospital.

Splitting the Republican Party

• Taft and TR split the Republican vote, giving the election to…

WilsonWilson• 1912-19201912-1920

• The Last The Last Progressive Progressive PresidentPresident

Taft (1908-1912)Taft (1908-1912)

Roosevelt (1901-1908)Roosevelt (1901-1908)

Woodrow WilsonWoodrow Wilson• Wilson’s NEW

FREEDOM plan:

• Wilson’s first major victory was tariff reduction.

Woodrow WilsonWoodrow Wilson• Attacked trusts by

helping Congress pass the Clayton Antitrust Act (strengthened the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890.)

• Favored by labor Unions

• Legalized strikes, picketing and boycotts

Woodrow WilsonWoodrow Wilson• Wilson and

Congress created the Federal Trade Commission to enforce the Clayton Antitrust Act.

Woodrow WilsonWoodrow Wilson

• Federal Reserve Act created the Federal Reserve System to overhaul banking system.

• Labor Department attacked child labor and protected female workers

Limits of ProgressivismLimits of Progressivism

• The changes made by Progressives were limited to certain groups in the United States.

Woodrow WilsonWoodrow Wilson• Progressives

championed municipal reforms, but did little for tenant or migrant farmers.

• Progressive Presidents took little action to pursue social justice reforms.

African-American MovementsAfrican-American Movements

• Ida B. Wells documented lynchings of African Americans. She showed how it was often a way to control or punish blacks who competed with whites economically.

• Co-founded the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)

• W. E. B. DuBois advocated liberal arts education for African-Americans to achieve equal rights. Not work skills.

• Co-founded the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)

• Booker T. Washington advocated learning workable job skills to achieve equal rights

• Founded the Tuskegee Institute in Alabama to teach engineering and vocational skills.

Limits of ProgressivismLimits of Progressivism

• Wilson continued the Jim Crow practice, begun under Taft, of separating the races in federal offices.

Woodrow WilsonWoodrow Wilson• At the 1912

Progressive Party convention, Roosevelt declined to seat black delegates from the South for fear of alienating white Southern Progressives.

WWI ends the Progressive Movement

Amendments

• 16th - Income Tax

• 17th - Direct Election of Senators

• 18th - Prohibition

• 19th - Women’s Suffrage