SSUSH16C & D The Roaring 20’s - Mr....
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SSUSH16C & D The Roaring 20’s
Transcript of SSUSH16C & D The Roaring 20’s - Mr....
SSUSH16C & D
The Roaring 20’s
The Roaring 20’s
Nativism Resurges
• Nativists and Racists in the 1920’s reinforced their beliefs with a pseudo-
science (false science) called eugenics.
It emphasized inequalities between races.
It warned against inferior breeding.
• At the forefront of this movement was the
Return of the Ku Klux Klan.
Re-established in Atlanta, Georgia in 1915.
Organized by former Methodist Preacher
William J. Simmons
Was Anti-Immigration, Anti-Catholic, and Anti-Semitic.
Used Marches, Demonstrations, Cross Burnings, and Lynching.
The Roaring 20’s
The Sacco-Vanzetti Case
• Immigrants became the targets of discrimination and government
persecution.
15 Apr 1920: Two men robbed the Slater & Morrell
Shoe Company in Massachusetts.
Two employees were shot and killed in the robbery.
Two known Anarchists originally from Italy were
Arrested.
One of the men had a gun and bullets matching the
suspected murder weapon.
1921: Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti were tried and convicted.
1927: They were executed after six long years of failed appeals.
The Roaring 20’s
Controlling Immigration
• Nativists post-war motto became “Keep America American.”
1921: The 29th President, Warren G. Harding, signed the
Emergency Quota Act.
Establishing a quota of only 3% for any one nationality to enter.
1922: U.S. versus Ozawa.
1923: U.S. versus Thind.
Japanese Immigrant denied citizenship based on not being
Caucasian.
An Immigrant from India denied citizenship based on not being
White.
1924: The National Origins Act made immigration restrictions permanent.
After trying to argue that Japanese were white.
After arguing that Aryans were actually Caucasian.
The Roaring 20’s
Fundamentalist Movement
• A Religious Revival Movement named after a series of pamphlets entitled
The Fundamentals.
Fundamentalists believed that the Bible was true and without errors.
Fundamentalists believed in Creationism
(God creating the world).
Fundamentalists rejected Charles Darwin’s
Theory of Evolution. • Creationists & Evolutionists
clashed across the nation.
• 1925: Tennessee passed the
Butcher Act – Outlawing the
Teaching of Evolution.
The Roaring 20’s
The Scopes Trial
• The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU)
hired a teacher to challenge the new law.
• John T. Scopes was arrested for teaching Darwin’s
Theory of Evolution to his high school students.
• The trial pitted Fundamentalist and Evolutionists
against each other..
• William Jennings Bryan
Prosecuted.
• Famous Attorney Clarence Darrow defended.
• 21 Jul 1925: After 7 Days, John Scopes was
found guilty and fined $100.
The Roaring 20’s
Prohibition
• Since 1826, the American Temperance Society had been promoting prohibition.
• Early 1900’s, many Progressives and Traditionalists believed it would reduce:
Unemployment
Domestic Violence
Poverty
• 17 Jan 1920: Ratification of the
Eighteenth Amendment on
Prohibition was passed.
• The National Prohibition Act, more popularly known as the Volstead Act:
Prohibited the consumption of intoxicating beverages in the United States
Prohibited the manufacture, sale, and transportation of illegal alcohol
Protected the manufacture & use of alcohol in science, religion, & industry
The Roaring 20’s
• Prohibition actually led to an increase in crime and violence across America.
Illegal production of
alcohol by bootleggers
Secret bars known as Speakeasies
attracted people from every level of society
Organized Crime
increased under
Famous Mobsters
like Al Capone.
Special Law
enforcement agencies
formed like Elliott
Ness’ Untouchables
The Roaring 20’s
Morality and Women
• Women’s Fashions, Activities, and Roles in the Workforce began changing.
Bobbed or
shortened hair
Clothing became looser
and more revealing
More Women
began Smoking
Young, Dramatic, Carefree and
Stylish women were called Flappers
• Women went to clubs and speakeasies where they drank,
listened to Ragtime & Jazz and danced the Charleston.
• Women became sales clerks, secretaries, & operators.
The Roaring 20’s Greenwich Village Harlem
The Roaring 20’s Popular Culture Changes
“A Farewell to Arms” By
Ernest Hemingway in 1929
Literature
“The Great Gatsby” By
F. Scott Fitzgerald in 1925
Movies
Charlie Chaplain Laurel and Hardy
Tom Mix Rudolph Valentino
Mary Pickford
The Roaring 20’s
Popular Culture Changes Sports
“The Big
Bambino”
Babe Ruth
“The Galloping
Ghost”
Red Grange
“The Manassa
Mauler”
Jack Dempsey
Robert Tyle
Jones Jr.
Bobby Jones
Radio
• KDKA was the world’s first radio
station (located in Pittsburgh, PA).
The Roaring 20’s The Harlem Renaissance
• New Cultural Movement of African-American Expression during the 1920’s.
Literature
Langston Hughes
Born in Joplin, MO
Poet & Playwright
Journalist & Novelist
Social Activist
Zora Neale Hurston
Born in Alabama
Folklore Writer
Anthropologist
Social Activist
Entertainment
• Ragtime and Dixieland Music
gave birth to Jazz and the Blues.
• Famous African-American Artists
performed at the Cotton Club.
“Satchmo”
Louis Armstrong
Edward Kennedy
Ellington
Duke Ellington
The Roaring 20’s
African American Politics
• Racial Pride fueled Political aspirations during the Post-War 1920’s.
• The NAACP continued to fight for African American rights against the
rising violence and lynching’s committed by the Ku Klux Klan.
• Dynamic Black Leader from Jamaica,
named Marcus Garvey, promoted
“Black Nationalism”.
Official publication of the NAACP
edited by founder, W. E. B. Dubois.
Inspired by Booker
T. Washington.
Promoted Black
Political Power thru
Education.
Sponsored Settlement in Liberia.
