Spring 2011 Job Vacancy Survey Report - Microsoft...Spring 2011 Job Vacancy Survey Report 3 2009...

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2011 J O B V A C A N C YS U R V E Y R E P O R T

Washington State Employment Security Department

Labor Market and Economic Analysis

August 2011

SPRING

For more information, alternative formats or additional reports call the Employment Security Department Labor Market Information Center at 800-215-1617.

The Employment Security Department is an equal-opportunity employer and provider of programs and services. Auxiliary aids and services are available upon request to people with disabilities.

Washington State Employment Security DepartmentPaul Trause, commissioner

Labor Market and Economic AnalysisGreg Weeks, Ph.D., director Dave Wallace, acting chief economist

Report prepared by Greg Morgan, economistEstimates prepared by Alexander Roubinchtein and Keyi Lu, economistsSurvey and data collection supervised by Robert Haglund, research analyst

2011 Spring Job Vacancy Survey Report

Published August 2011

‘Job Market’ Photo by ©iStock/slobo‘Employment Application’ Photo by ©iStock/Kirby Hamilton‘Now Hiring’ Photo by ©Tom Schmucker/Dreamstime.com‘Doctor and Patient’ Photo by ©iStock/peepo‘Retail’ Photo by ©iStock/RonTech2000‘Chef’ Photo by ©iStock/1001nights

About the job vacancy survey ...................................................................................................................1

Results of the Spring 2011 Job Vacancy Survey ........................................................................................2

Vacancies grow, but the number of unemployed remains high .......................................................2

Majority of vacancies in urban areas ..................................................................................................4

Greatershareofnewpositionsatsmallerfirms ................................................................................4

Mostvacanciesatlargerfirms .............................................................................................................5

Three major industries account for 45 percent of vacancies .............................................................6

Vacancies increases in all major occupational groups .......................................................................7

More than half of vacancies required a high school diploma or had no education requirement .........................................................................................................................8

Most vacancies requiring advanced education also required experience ........................................9

Most vacancies open fewer than 30 days .........................................................................................10

Appendices ...............................................................................................................................................11

Contents

Spring 2011 Job Vacancy Survey Report

Spring 2011 Job Vacancy Survey Report

1Spring 2011 Job Vacancy Survey Report

About the job vacancy surveyTwice each year, in the spring and in the fall, the Employment Security Department surveys Washington employers to collect information about job vacancies. The information we gather in the vacancy surveys reveals snap-shots-in-time of employment conditions in our state. From the surveys, we learn the estimated number of vacant positions, the characteristics of available jobs, the workforce needs of employers, and vacancy trends by industry, occupation and geographical area. For each vacant position, we collected information about these job requirements and characteristics:

• Full-time or part-time status• Permanent or temporary status• How long the position has been vacant • Whether the vacancy is a new or replacement position• Education requirements• Licensingorcertificationrequirements• Experience requirements

This report documents results from the job vacancy survey con-ducted in April 2011. See Appendix 17 for more information about the survey and how it was conducted.

For more information about this report, call the Employment Secu-rity Department’s Labor Market Information Center at 800-215-1617.

2 Spring 2011 Job Vacancy Survey Report

Results of the Spring 2011 Job Vacancy SurveyResults from the spring 2011 job vacancy survey show signs of an improving Washington job market.

The survey recorded 60,087 vacant positions statewide, a 55.1 percent increase from spring 2010. This is the third consecutive increase in vacancies since the end of the recession in June 2009. Vacancies peaked at 90,880 in fall 2006, then began to decline, reaching a low of 32,037 in fall 2009. Figure 1 shows job-vacancy rates from spring and fall surveys from 2003 through 2011.

Figure 1. Job vacancies in Washington increased more than 55 percent between spring 2010 and spring 2011, a sign that the job market is improving. The gray shaded area indicates the timeframe of the recession.

Job vacancies - 2003 through 2011

54,939 47,357

59,033 50,570

70,653 68,263

82,097

90,880 87,447

73,180 74,744

50,593

32,635 32,037

38,732 41,889

60,087

-10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 80,000 90,000

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The spring 2011 vacancy survey shows the third consecutive increase in vacancies since the end of the recession in June 2009.

Vacancies grow, but the number of unemployed remains high Although the increase in the number of available positions is a positive sign for Washington’s economy, the number of unem-ployed workers remains stubbornly high.

Thefairlysignificantjumpsinvacanciesarenottranslatingintofewer unemployed people or a lower jobless rate.

The number of people who were unemployed and looking for work rose between fall 2010 (310,680) and spring 2011 (312,230), based on Local Area Unemployment Statistics (not seasonally ad-justed). Washington had about the same number of unemployed people in spring 2011 as at the end of the recession in spring


2009 (313,426). Though the number of unemployed workers in the state is down from a peak of 337,302 in spring 2010, the trend since2009showsitremainsrelativelyhighandisnotsignificantlyimproving (Figure 2).

During a typical economic turnaround, this temporary lack of bal-ance could be explained by a re-emerging labor force. When times are bad, some people give up looking for work and are no longer counted as unemployed or as part of the labor force. When they see signs of encouragement, they start looking again, so the num-ber of unemployed rises.

To this point in the recovery, however, Washington’s total labor force is not growing. Even though the growth in vacancies is en-couraging, until the labor force begins to rebound and the number of unemployed workers begins to fall, we can expect a lukewarm job market.

Until we see the labor force

begin to rebound and the number of unemployed

begin to fall, we can expect

a lukewarm job market.

Figure 2. Job vacancies increased, but so did the number of unemployed workers. In spring 2011, there were an estimated 60,087 job vacancies and 312,230 unemployed workers. The gray-shaded area indicates when the state was in recession.

Trends in job vacancies, unemployed workers and labor force

3,000,000 3,100,000 3,200,000 3,300,000 3,400,000 3,500,000 3,600,000

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RecessionJob vacanciesUnemployed workers (unadjusted)Labor force (unadjusted)


Majority of vacancies in urban areas The spring 2011 vacancy survey found the share of vacancies by workforce development area (WDA) remained mostly unchanged from prior surveys.1 The largest share of vacancies is in the urban Seattle-King County WDA, which had 27,735 vacancies (Figure 3). Seattle-King County WDA, combined with the Snohomish County (5,191) and Pierce County (4,305) WDAs, accounted for more than 60 percent of all vacancies statewide.

North Central Washington (2,003), Benton-Franklin (1,913) and Eastern Washington (1,313) WDAs had the fewest vacancies. The data table for Figure 3 is in Appendix 2.

Workforce development areas are economic regions in the state. See Appendix 14 for a map of Washington’s workforce develop-ment areas.

Share of vacancies by workforce development area

46%9%

7%6%6%5%5%

4%4%3%3%

2%0%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%

Seattle-King CountySnohomish County

Pierce CountySpokane County

Southwest WashingtonNorthwest Washington

Olympic Consortium Pacific Mountain

South CentralNorth Central Washington

Benton-FranklinEastern Washington

Multi-County

More than 60 percent of all vacancies were in King, Snohomish and Pierce counties.

1 Past Job Vacancy Survey reports are available online at www.workforceexplorer.com.

Greater share of new positions at smaller firms While larger companies had a greater share of total vacancies, the spring 2011 survey data continue to support the notion that job growth is coming from small companies.

Of the 60,087 vacancies reported in the survey, 8,834 (14.7 percent) were newly created positions. Most of these were at companies with 19 or fewer employees (Figure 4). Larger companies tend to have vacancies for existing positions, but smaller companies tend to have vacancies for newly created positions.

Figure 3. Seattle-King County WDA had nearly half of all vacancies statewide.

http://www.workforceexplorer.com


Figure 5. Companies with 250 or more employees had the most vacancies, accounting for about 24 percent of the 60,087 vacancies statewide.

4,505

6,940

9,138

9,098

6,322

9,809

14,275

Fewer than 4

4-9

10-19

20-49

50-99

100-249

250 or more

0 5,000 10,000 15,000

Firm

siz

e by

num

ber o

f em

ploy

ees

Number of vacancies

Newly created positions by firm size

Figure 4. Of the 8,834 newly created positions, about 60 percent were at companies with 19 or fewer employees. This supports the idea that smaller companies are fueling job growth.

Fewer than 4 employees,

28%

4-9employees,

18%10-19

employees,13%

20-49employees,

14%

50-99employees,

11%

100-249employees,

15%

250 or more employees,

1%

About 60 percent of newly created positions were at

companies with 19 or fewer employees.

Vacancies by firm size

Most vacancies at larger firms In the spring 2011 survey, companies with 250 or more employees had the greatest share of vacancies. As shown in Figure 5, larger companies accounted for about 24 percent of all vacancies.

Findadditionalvacancydatabyfirmsizeinappendices 12 and 13.


Three major industries account for 45 percent of vacancies Over the year, from spring 2010 to spring 2011, vacancies grew in all major industry groups except the information industry and the utilities industry.2

The healthcare and social assistance industry (10,131), retail trade industry (9,502) and accommodation and food services industry (7,728) had the most vacancies (Figure 6). These three indus-tries combined accounted for more than 45 percent of the state’s 60,087 vacancies.

Additional vacancy data by industry are in appendices 3, 4 and 5.

Vacancies by major industry group

Vacancies increased in all but two major industry groups.

2 For a definition of major industry groups, see Appendix 15.

Figure 6. The healthcare and social assistance industry, retail trade industry and accommodation and food services industry account-ed for more than 45 percent of the state’s 60,087 vacancies.

- 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000

Healthcare and social assistance

Retail trade

Accommodation and food services

Professional and technical services

Educational services

Manufacturing

Administrative and waste services

Finance and insurance

Other services, exc. public admin.

Information

Wholesale trade

Transportation and warehousing

Construction

Agricultr., forestry, fishing and hunting

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

Real estate and rental and leasing

Mgmt. of companies and enterprises

Utilities

Mining

Number of vacancies

Spring 2011 vacancies Fall 2010 vacancies Spring 2010 vacancies


Vacancies increase in all major occupational groups From spring 2010 to spring 2011, vacancies increased in all ma-jor occupational groups. Vacancies in the food preparation and serving-related occupational group grew by 155 percent between the fall 2010 (3,069) and spring 2011 (7,823) surveys, more than any other occupational group.3

In the major occupational groups, food preparation and serving-related occupations (7,823), sales and related occupations (6,542) andofficeandadministrativesupportoccupations(5,685)hadthemost vacancies (Figure 7).

Thespecificoccupationswiththemostvacancieswereretailsalespersons (2,334), registered nurses (1,651) and combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food (1,595).

Additional vacancy data for occupations are in appendices 6, 7, 8 and 9.

Vacancies in the food preparation and serving-

related occupational group grew by

155 percent between fall 2010 and spring 2011.

Figure 7. Vacancies in the food preparation and serving-related occupational group grew 155 percent between fall 2010 and spring 2011, more than any other occupational group. Over the year, there were increases in vacancies in every major occupational group.

- 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000

Food preparation and serving related

Sales and related

Office and administrative support

Healthcare practitioners and technical

Computer and mathematical

Business and financial operations

Education, training and library

Healthcare support

Construction and extraction

Protective service

Number of vacancies

Spring 2011 vacancies Fall 2010 vacancies Spring 2010 vacancies

Vacancies in selected major occupational groups

3 The Standard Occupational Classification system defines 22 major occupational groups. For definitions of the major groups and examples of occupations in each, see Appendix 16.


More than half of vacancies required a high school diploma or had no education requirement The survey found more than 50 percent of all vacancies required a high school diploma or had no educational requirements. Only 21 percent of the vacancies required a bachelor’s degree, down from 26 percent in the fall 2010 survey and 23 percent in the spring 2010 survey (Figure 8).

The decrease in educational requirements is caused by seasonal industriessuchastheagriculture,forestry,fishingandhunt-ing industry and the accommodation and food services industry. When vacancies in these industries increase in the spring, the total percentage of statewide vacancies that require a bachelor’s degree tends to drop.

More than 50 percent of all vacancies required a high school diploma or had no educational requirements. Only 21 percent of the vacancies required a bachelor’s degree.

Vacancies by educational level

Figure 8. More than 50 percent of all vacancies required a high school diploma or had no educational requirements. The percentage of vacancies requiring advanced education tends to drop in the spring, a time when seasonal employment increases.

No requirement,

18,626

High school diploma, 14,189

Some college, no

degree, 2,113

Associate or vocational

degree, 4,493

Bachelor's degree, 12,479

Graduate degree, 2,310

Other, 2,430


Most vacancies requiring advanced education also required experience Of the 12,479 vacancies that required a bachelor’s degree, 91.1 percent also required previous experience (Figure 9).Thisfindingshows that lack of work experience can be a barrier to entering or re-entering the job market, especially for recent college graduates, anditemphasizestheimportanceofinternshipsandwork-experi-ence opportunities while in school.

Of the 12,479 vacancies that required a

bachelor’s degree, 91.1 percent also required

previous experience.

Percentage of vacancies requiring previous work experience, by education level

45%

64%

79%

83%

91%

89%

83%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

No requirement

High school diploma

Some college, no degree

Associate or vocational degree

Bachelor's degree

Graduate degree

Other

Figure 9. The spring 2011 vacancy survey found 91.1 percent of vacancies requiring a bachelor’s degree also required previous work experience.


Most vacancies open fewer than 30 days At the time of the survey, employers reported 45 percent of vacan-cies were open fewer than 30 days, and 10 percent of vacancies were open between 30 and 59 days. Only 10 percent of vacancies were open 60 days or longer.

More data on vacancies by length of time the position was open can be found in appendices 5, 8 and 11.

Employers reported 45 percent of vacancies were open fewer than 30 days.

Figure 10. Across all industries, employers reported 45 percent of vacancies were open fewer than 30 days. This figure ranks indus-tries by percentage of vacancies open fewer than 30 days.

Length of time positions were vacant, by major industry group

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

Mining

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting

Construction

Manufacturing

Management of companies and enterprises

Information

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Healthcare and social assistance

Finance and insurance

Transportation and warehousing

Real estate and rental and leasing

Accommodation and food services

Professional and technical services

Other services, except public administration

Utilities

Administrative and waste services

Educational services

Fewer than 30 days 30 to 59 days 60 days or more Open continuous


Appendices

Appendix 1. Job vacancies by workforce development area, spring 2010, fall 2010 and spring 2011

WDA Workforce development area

Spring 2011

vacanciesFall 2010

vacancies

Spring 2010

vacancies

Change from fall 2010 to

spring 2011

Change from spring 2010

to spring 2011

5 Seattle-King County 27,735 19,366 17,098 8,369 10,6374 Snohomish County 5,191 3,598 3,600 1,593 1,5926 Pierce County 4,305 3,311 3,179 994 1,126

12 Spokane County 3,490 2,496 2,475 993 1,0157 Southwest Washington 3,367 1,613 1,999 1,754 1,3683 Northwest Washington 3,298 2,137 1,981 1,161 1,3171 Olympic Consortium 2,933 1,177 1,384 1,756 1,5492 Pacific Mountain 2,228 2,036 1,830 192 3989 South Central 2,194 970 1,429 1,224 7658 North Central Washington 2,003 1,350 1,285 653 71911 Benton-Franklin 1,913 2,849 1,236 -936 67710 Eastern Washington 1,313 698 834 614 47999 Multi-County 118 287 403 -169 -285

Total 60,087 41,889 38,732 18,198 21,355

Appendix 2. Vacancies and share of total vacancies by workforce development area

WDA Workforce development area Vacancies

Share of total

vacancies5 Seattle-King County 27,735 46%4 Snohomish County 5,191 9%6 Pierce County 4,305 7%

12 Spokane County 3,490 6%7 Southwest Washington 3,367 6%3 Northwest Washington 3,298 5%1 Olympic Consortium 2,933 5%2 Pacific Mountain 2,228 4%9 South Central 2,194 4%8 North Central Washington 2,003 3%11 Benton-Franklin 1,913 3%10 Eastern Washington 1,313 2%

Multi-County 118 0%Total 60,087 100%

*Due to rounding, columns may not add to totals.

Online appendices

http://empdatep20/docs/occupational-reports/job-vacancy-survey-appendices-2011-spring.xlsx


NAICS Major industry groupSpring 2011

vacanciesFall 2010

vacanciesSpring 2010

vacancies

Change from fall 2010

to spring 2011


to spring 201162 Healthcare and social assistance 10,131 9,124 8,311 1,008 1,820

44-45 Retail trade 9,502 7,743 5,613 1,759 3,889 72 Accommodation and food services 7,728 2,945 4,090 4,783 3,638 54 Professional and technical services 4,114 2,954 2,617 1,160 1,497 61 Educational services 3,652 2,644 2,740 1,009 912

31-33 Manufacturing 3,490 2,302 2,167 1,187 1,323 56 Administrative and waste services 3,308 2,259 1,681 1,049 1,627 52 Finance and insurance 2,837 2,704 1,185 133 1,651 81 Other services, except public administration 2,144 1,454 1,282 690 862 51 Information 2,043 1,639 2,706 404 -66242 Wholesale trade 2,029 1,425 1,170 603 858

48-49 Transportation and warehousing 1,991 1,029 1,000 963 992 23 Construction 1,814 630 962 1,184 852 11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting 1,798 745 635 1,053 1,163 71 Arts, entertainment and recreation 1,427 749 1,150 678 277 53 Real estate and rental and leasing 1,147 539 652 608 495 55 Management of companies and enterprises 893 961 691 -68 202 22 Utilities 30 40 77 -11 -4821 Mining 9 2 2 7 7

Total 60,087 41,889 38,732 18,198 21,355

Appendix 3. Vacancies by major industry group, spring 2010, fall 2010 and spring 2011

NAICS Major industry group VacanciesFull-time

openingsPermanent

openings

Newly created

positions

Requiring education

beyond high school/GED

Requiring license or certificate

Requiring previous

experience62 Healthcare and social assistance 10,131 50% 95% 11% 27% 69% 73%

44-45 Retail trade 9,502 63% 86% 10% 30% 16% 59%72 Accommodation and food services 7,728 35% 83% 6% 1% 51% 40%54 Professional and technical services 4,114 90% 87% 28% 66% 22% 86%61 Educational services 3,652 48% 71% 4% 45% 60% 69%

31-33 Manufacturing 3,490 94% 90% 16% 37% 10% 83%56 Administrative and waste services 3,308 68% 81% 21% 17% 26% 59%52 Finance and insurance 2,837 87% 98% 6% 37% 26% 90%81 Other services, except public administration 2,144 54% 89% 24% 10% 61% 62%51 Information 2,043 87% 95% 11% 60% 6% 88%42 Wholesale trade 2,029 91% 95% 30% 22% 19% 72%

48-49 Transportation and warehousing 1,991 66% 71% 20% 4% 62% 68%23 Construction 1,814 81% 82% 38% 11% 32% 90%11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting 1,798 56% 4% 35% 1% 4% 45%71 Arts, entertainment and recreation 1,427 39% 47% 17% 2% 34% 52%53 Real estate and rental and leasing 1,147 68% 80% 12% 9% 44% 54%55 Management of companies and enterprises 893 87% 88% 12% 48% 25% 85%22 Utilities 30 88% 89% 0% 50% 50% 89%21 Mining 9 60% 60% 0% 0% 40% 60%

Total 60,087 63% 83% 15% 26% 37% 67%

Appendix 4. Major industry groups by number of vacanciesDue to rounding, columns may not add to totals.


NAICS Major industry groupFewer than

30 days30 to 59

days60 days or more

Open continuous Unknown

Total vacancies

44-45 Retail trade 58% 13% 15% 12% 2% 7,445 62 Healthcare and social assistance 52% 11% 14% 12% 12% 8,184 72 Accommodation and food services 53% 5% 3% 33% 6% 6,772

31-33 Manufacturing 64% 14% 13% 7% 3% 2,839 54 Professional and technical services 53% 15% 19% 8% 5% 3,126 11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting 78% 4% 8% 10% 0% 1,792 56 Administrative and waste services 42% 14% 14% 19% 12% 3,177 23 Construction 71% 13% 6% 9% 1% 1,750 42 Wholesale trade 45% 8% 11% 9% 28% 2,587 61 Educational services 35% 13% 28% 8% 16% 3,185 81 Other services, except public administration 28% 10% 1% 14% 47% 3,523

48-49 Transportation and warehousing 25% 5% 2% 12% 56% 3,946 52 Finance and insurance 35% 12% 6% 7% 40% 2,754 71 Arts, entertainment and recreation 22% 1% 1% 2% 74% 3,926 51 Information 49% 15% 9% 4% 22% 1,213 53 Real estate and rental and leasing 25% 7% 5% 8% 55% 2,168 55 Management of companies and enterprises 20% 6% 3% 2% 69% 1,669 21 Mining 60% 0% 0% 0% 40% 15 22 Utilities 50% 20% 30% 0% 0% 16

Total 45% 10% 10% 12% 23% 60,087

Appendix 5. Length of time positions were vacant by major industry group

SOC Major occupational groupSpring 2011

vacanciesFall 2010

vacanciesSpring 2010

vacancies

Change from fall 2010

to spring 2011


to spring 201135 Food preparation and serving related 7,823 3,069 4,059 4,754 3,764 41 Sales and related 6,542 7,246 4,036 -704 2,505 43 Office and administrative support 5,685 4,404 4,148 1,280 1,537 29 Healthcare practitioners and technical 4,598 3,128 4,578 1,470 20 15 Computer and mathematical 4,420 2,783 3,538 1,637 882 53 Transportation and material moving 3,552 1,982 2,000 1,570 1,552 13 Business and financial operations 3,268 2,377 2,758 892 510 11 Management 2,684 2,159 931 525 1,753 25 Education, training and library 2,652 2,969 1,660 -317 992 31 Health care support 2,620 1,526 1,987 1,094 633 39 Personal care and service 2,231 2,162 1,416 69 815 51 Production 2,180 1,106 1,189 1,074 991 49 Installation, maintenance and repair 1,957 1,123 814 834 1,143 17 Architecture and engineering 1,672 1,212 984 460 688 37 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance 1,648 849 892 799 756 45 Farming, fishing and forestry 1,446 857 553 589 894 27 Arts, design, entertainment, sports and media 1,389 1,102 753 287 636 47 Construction and extraction 1,086 408 595 678 491 21 Community and social service 982 841 622 142 361 33 Protective service 912 226 825 686 87 19 Life, physical and social science 466 161 236 306 230 23 Legal 273 198 158 75 114

Total 60,087 41,889 38,732 18,198 21,355

Appendix 6. Vacancies by major occupational group, spring 2010, fall 2010 and spring 2011Due to rounding, rows may not add to 100 percent.

Due to rounding, columns may not add to totals.


SOC Major industry group VacanciesFull-time

openingsPermanent

openings

Newly created

positions

Requiring education



Requiring previous

experience11 Food preparation and serving related 7,823 33% 84% 6% 0% 55% 43%13 Sales and related 6,542 55% 85% 20% 9% 15% 49%15 Office and administrative support 5,685 61% 89% 17% 5% 11% 66%17 Healthcare practitioners and technical 4,598 54% 95% 6% 48% 86% 77%19 Computer and mathematical 4,420 98% 93% 11% 82% 6% 95%21 Transportation and material moving 3,552 66% 79% 18% 1% 58% 57%23 Business and financial operations 3,268 98% 97% 7% 71% 20% 94%25 Management 2,684 96% 97% 11% 87% 20% 95%27 Education, training and library 2,652 49% 71% 5% 41% 68% 77%29 Healthcare support 2,620 48% 94% 19% 5% 82% 59%31 Personal care and service 2,231 41% 78% 25% 3% 63% 52%33 Production 2,180 82% 83% 16% 4% 16% 65%35 Installation, maintenance and repair 1,957 84% 80% 20% 2% 40% 82%37 Architecture and engineering 1,672 99% 94% 18% 78% 24% 90%39 Building and grounds cleaning and maint. 1,648 62% 56% 23% 1% 17% 48%41 Farming, fishing and forestry 1,446 48% 3% 36% 0% 2% 45%43 Arts, design, entertainment, sports and media 1,389 49% 66% 14% 27% 28% 81%45 Construction and extraction 1,086 73% 84% 41% 0% 34% 92%47 Community and social service 982 48% 91% 18% 41% 42% 75%49 Protective service 912 33% 58% 11% 3% 45% 29%51 Life, physical and social science 466 93% 88% 8% 71% 24% 71%53 Legal 273 94% 96% 38% 65% 45% 82%

Total 60,087 63% 83% 15% 26% 37% 67%

Appendix 7. Major occupational groups by number of vacancies


SOC Major occupational groupFewer than

30 days30 to 59

days60 days or

moreOpen

continuous No answerTotal

vacancies11 Management 34% 14% 13% 1% 39% 2,684 13 Business and financial operations 37% 13% 12% 5% 33% 3,268 15 Computer and mathematical 35% 14% 23% 1% 26% 4,420 17 Architecture and engineering 33% 21% 15% 4% 26% 1,672 19 Life, physical and social science 33% 8% 18% 4% 38% 466 21 Community and social service 44% 10% 13% 10% 24% 982 23 Legal 58% 7% 7% 2% 25% 273 25 Education, training and library 25% 11% 27% 19% 18% 2,652 27 Arts, design, entertainment, sports and media 41% 10% 10% 9% 30% 1,389 29 Healthcare practitioners and technical 31% 10% 12% 4% 44% 4,598 31 Healthcare support 47% 9% 4% 22% 17% 2,620 33 Protective service 58% 6% 10% 15% 11% 912 35 Food preparation and serving related 42% 4% 3% 27% 23% 7,823 37 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance 65% 8% 5% 12% 9% 1,648 39 Personal care and service 46% 13% 11% 17% 13% 2,231 41 Sales and related 49% 11% 7% 15% 19% 6,542 43 Office and administrative support 55% 6% 7% 6% 26% 5,685 45 Farming, fishing and forestry 78% 7% 8% 7% 0% 1,446 47 Construction and extraction 68% 17% 5% 7% 3% 1,086 49 Installation, maintenance and repair 62% 8% 7% 7% 16% 1,957 51 Production 48% 8% 8% 11% 25% 2,180 53 Transportation and material moving 51% 8% 4% 22% 14% 3,552

Total 45% 10% 10% 12% 23% 60,087

Appendix 8. Length of time positions were vacant by major occupational group


SOC Specific occupation VacanciesFull-time

openingsPermanent

openings

Newly created

positions

Requiring education



Requiring previous

experience412031 Retail salespersons 2,334 45% 85% 19% 1% 5% 46%291141 Registered nurses 1,651 49% 95% 3% 56% 97% 90%353021 Combined food preparation and serving

workers, including fast food 1,595 7% 97% 7% 0% 67% 19%

353031 Waiters and waitresses 1,478 15% 66% 16% 0% 82% 60%412011 Cashiers 1,408 19% 67% 20% 0% 5% 18%452092 Farmworkers and laborers, crop, nursery

and greenhouse 1,320 46% 0% 40% 0% 3% 44%

434051 Customer service representatives 1,286 60% 89% 28% 2% 14% 43%351012 First-Line supervisors of food preparation

and serving workers 1,110 95% 100% 1% 0% 17% 92%

533032 Heavy and tractor-trailer truck drivers 1,089 83% 81% 20% 0% 89% 76%537062 Laborers and freight, stock and material

movers, hand 883 73% 80% 21% 2% 16% 55%

353022 Counter attendants, cafeteria, food concession and coffee shop 869 67% 90% 0% 0% 20% 7%

311014 Nursing assistants 753 32% 86% 3% 3% 96% 68%433071 Tellers 720 64% 99% 1% 1% 3% 90%395012 Hairdressers, hairstylists and cosmetologists 695 62% 99% 29% 0% 97% 53%373011 Landscaping and groundskeeping workers 685 69% 16% 27% 0% 20% 67%131199 Business operations specialists, all other 679 99% 97% 11% 85% 12% 95%311011 Home health aides 673 47% 97% 49% 6% 66% 46%533033 Light truck or delivery services drivers 612 50% 57% 13% 0% 73% 45%113031 Financial managers 604 95% 100% 5% 84% 18% 98%339032 Security guards 588 31% 64% 13% 2% 42% 22%272022 Coaches and scouts 555 4% 32% 4% 2% 62% 76%352021 Food preparation workers 548 20% 95% 3% 0% 34% 10%413099 Sales representatives, services, all other 545 80% 96% 24% 16% 9% 83%151199 Computer occupations, all other 542 98% 84% 22% 74% 2% 90%151133 Software developers, systems software 533 99% 80% 34% 84% 5% 95%

Total 60,087 63% 83% 15% 26% 37% 67%

Appendix 9. Occupations with more than 500 vacancies


Education level

Spring 2011

vacanciesFull time

openingsPermanent

openingsNewly created

positionsPercent requiring

license or certificatePercent requiring

previous experienceNo requirement 18,626 47% 72% 15% 33% 45%High school diploma 14,189 59% 84% 19% 37% 64%Some college, no degree 2,113 52% 73% 28% 41% 79%Associate or vocational degree 4,493 72% 94% 14% 63% 83%Bachelor's degree 12,479 90% 95% 11% 26% 91%Graduate degree 2,310 88% 96% 11% 57% 89%Other 2,430 61% 77% 14% 77% 83%No answer 3,447 50% 95% 2% 23% 49%Total 60,087 63% 83% 15% 37% 67%

Appendix 10. Vacancies by education level

Education levelFewer than

30 days30 to 59

days 60 days or more Open continuous No answer Total vacancies No requirement 53% 7% 6% 18% 16% 18,626 High school diploma 55% 8% 7% 11% 20% 14,189 Some college, no degree 57% 14% 12% 8% 9% 2,113 Associate or vocational degree 43% 12% 10% 9% 25% 4,493 Bachelor's degree 34% 14% 17% 3% 33% 12,479 Graduate degree 25% 13% 31% 6% 25% 2,310 Other 40% 11% 5% 29% 15% 2,430 No answer 16% 4% 7% 22% 52% 3,447 Total 45% 10% 10% 12% 23% 60,087

Appendix 11. Length of time positions were vacant by education level


Firm size by number of employees

Spring 2011 vacancies

Fall 2010 vacancies

Spring 2010 vacancies

Change from fall 2010 to spring 2011

Change from spring 2010 to spring 2011

Fewer than 4 4,505 879 149 3,626 4,356 4-9 6,940 6,978 1,578 -38 5,363 10-19 9,138 4,675 1,891 4,462 7,247 20-49 9,098 7,662 5,609 1,436 3,489 50-99 6,322 5,078 5,032 1,245 1,291 100-249 9,809 5,876 9,334 3,934 475 250 or more 14,275 10,742 15,140 3,533 -865Total 60,087 41,889 38,732 18,198 21,355

Appendix 12. Vacancies by firm size, spring 2010, fall 2010 and spring 2011

Firm size by number of employees

Spring 2011

vacanciesFull-time

openingsPermanent

openingsNewly created

positions

Requiring education beyond high school/

GEDRequiring license

or certificateRequiring previous

experienceFewer than 4 4,505 60% 82% 34% 8% 42% 73%4-9 6,940 61% 88% 22% 7% 40% 64%10-19 9,138 58% 79% 15% 14% 37% 63%20-49 9,098 55% 79% 17% 13% 47% 54%50-99 6,322 62% 84% 13% 24% 41% 61%100-249 9,809 62% 77% 18% 29% 20% 58%250 or more 14,275 75% 91% 2% 56% 38% 85%Total 60,087 63% 83% 15% 26% 37% 67%

Appendix 13. Vacancies, status and education by firm size


Appendix 14. Washington’s workforce development areas

WDA 1 Olympic Consortium: Clallam, Jefferson and Kitsap countiesWDA 2 Pacific Mountain: Grays Harbor, Lewis, Mason, Pacific and Thurston countiesWDA 3 Northwest: Island, Skagit, San Juan and Whatcom countiesWDA 4 Snohomish CountyWDA 5 Seattle-King CountyWDA 6 Pierce CountyWDA 7 Southwest: Clark, Cowlitz and Wahkiakum countiesWDA 8 North Central: Adams, Chelan, Douglas, Grant and Okanogan countiesWDA 9 South Central: Kittitas, Klickitat, Yakima and Skamania countiesWDA 10 Eastern: Asotin, Columbia, Ferry, Garfield, Lincoln, Pend Oreille, Stevens, Walla Walla and Whitman countiesWDA 11 Benton-Franklin CountiesWDA 12 Spokane County

Franklin

Benton Walla WallaYakima

Klickitat

Skamania

Cowlitz

Clark

Wahkiakum

LewisPacific

Thurston

GraysHarbor

Mason

Pierce

KingKitsap

Jefferson

Clallam

Island

San Juan

Snohomish

Skagit

Whatcom

Chelan

Okanogan

Douglas

FerryStevens

PendOreille

LincolnSpokane

Adams

GrantWhitman

Columbia

Garfield

Asotin

Kittitas

09

11

08

12

10

03

04

05

0602

01

07

WASHINGTON STATE WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT AREAS

WDA 1 — Olympic Consortium

WDA 2 — Pacific Mountain

WDA 3 — Northwest Washington

WDA 4 — Snohomish County

WDA 5 — Seattle-King County

WDA 6 — Pierce County

WDA 7 — Southwest Washington

WDA 8 — North Central Washington/Columbia Basin

WDA 9 — South Central

WDA 10 — Eastern Washington

WDA 11 — Benton-Franklin

WDA 12 — Spokane County REVISED: 04-18-07


Appendix 15. Industry classifications

NAICS Industry Industry description11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting Firms engaged in growing crops, raising animals, harvesting timber, harvesting fish and other

animals from farms, ranches or the animals’ natural habitat.21 Mining Firms that extract naturally occurring mineral solids, liquid minerals and gases.22 Utilities Firms engaged in generating, transmitting, and/or distributing electricity, gas, steam and

water, and removing sewage through a permanent infrastructure.23 Construction Firms engaged in erecting buildings and other structures; heavy construction other than

buildings; and alterations, reconstruction, installation, and maintenance and repairs.31-33 Manufacturing Firms engaged in the mechanical, physical or chemical transformation of material,

substances or components into new products. 41-43 Wholesale trade Firms engaged in selling or arranging for the purchase or sale of goods for resale; capital

or durable nonconsumer goods; and raw and intermediate materials and supplies used in productions, and providing services incidental to the sale of the merchandise.

44-46 Retail trade Firms engaged in retailing merchandise generally in small quantities to the general public and providing services incidental to the sale of the merchandise.

48-49 Transportation and warehousing Firms that provide transportation of passengers and cargo, warehousing and storing goods, scenic and sightseeing transportation, and supporting these activities.

51 Information Firms engaged in distributing information and cultural products, providing the means to transmit or distribute these products as data or communications, and processing data.

52 Finance and insurance Firms engaged in the creation, liquidation or change in ownership of financial assets (financial transactions) and/or facilitating financial transactions.

53 Real estate and rental and leasing Firms engaging in renting, leasing or otherwise allowing the use of tangible or intangible assets (except copyrighted works), and providing related services.

54 Professional, scientific and tech. svcs. Firms specializing in performing professional, scientific and technical services for the operations of other organizations.

55 Mgmt. of companies and enterprises Firms who hold securities of companies and enterprises, for the purpose of owning controlling interest or influencing their management decision, or administering, overseeing and managing other establishments of the same company or enterprise and normally undertaking the strategic or organizational planning and decision making of the company or enterprise.

56 Administrative and support and waste management and remediation svcs.

Firms performing routine support activities for the day-to-day operation of other organizations.

61 Educational services Firms providing instruction and training in a wide variety of subjects.62 Health care and social assistance Firms providing healthcare and social assistance for individuals.71 Arts, entertainment and recreation Firms engaged in operating or providing services to meet varied cultural, entertainment and

recreational interests of their patrons.72 Accommodation and food services Firms providing customers with lodging and/or preparing meals, snacks and beverages for

immediate consumption.81 Other services (except public admin.) Firms providing services not elsewhere specified, including repairs, religious activities, grant

making, advocacy, laundry, personal care, death care and other personal services.91-93 Public administration Federal, state and/or local agencies that administer, oversee and manage public programs

and have executive, legislative or judicial authority over other institutions in a given area.

The North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) is used to sort and define industries. The standardized system allows comparable research and reporting by individual states and the federal government.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics


Appendix 16. Occupational classificationsWedefineandsortmajoroccupationalgroupsandspecificoccu-pationsbasedontheStandardOccupationalClassification(SOC)system. The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, other federal statistical agencies and most state employment agencies also use SOC cod-ing for occupation-based research and reporting.

The table below lists the 22 major occupational groups and pro-vides examples of occupations in each group. For a complete SOC dictionary and to learn more about the SOC system, visit the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics SOC website at www.bls.gov/soc/home.htm.

2-digit SOC Major occupational group Sample occupations17 Architecture and engineering Architects, chemical engineers and drafters27 Art, design, entertainment and media Coaches, producers and directors, and radio operators37 Building, grounds cleaning and maintenance Housekeeping cleaners, janitors and pest control workers13 Business and financial operations Accountants, financial analysts and human resource specialists21 Community and social service Clergy, health educators, marriage and family therapists15 Computer and mathematical Actuaries, computer programmers and computer support specialists 47 Construction and extraction Construction laborers, carpenters and electricians25 Education, training and library Librarians, post-secondary teachers and special education teachers45 Farming, fishing and forestry Agricultural inspectors, animal breeders and farmers35 Food preparation and serving related Cooks, food preparation workers, and waiters and waitresses29 Health care practitioners and technical Dentists, physicians and registered nurses31 Health care support Dental assistants, home health aides and pharmacy aides49 Installation, maintenance and repair Automotive service technicians and mechanics, motorcycle mechanics

and millwrights23 Legal Court reporters, lawyers and paralegals19 Life, physical and social science Anthropologists, chemists and geographers11 Management Educational administrators, marketing managers, and medical and health

service managers43 Office and administrative support Customer service representatives, tellers and secretaries39 Personal care and service Child care workers, hairdressers and hairstylists, and personal and home

care aides 51 Production Butchers and meat cutters, foundry mold and coremakers, and machinists33 Protective service Animal control workers, detectives and police officers41 Sales and related Cashiers, insurance sales agents and retail salespersons53 Transportation and material moving Airline pilots, bus drivers and truck drivers

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Minnesota Department of Employment Security

http://www.bls.gov/soc/home.htm

http://www.bls.gov/soc/home.htm


Appendix 17. Survey methodology and response rate

The Washington State Employment Security Department conducts job vacancy surveys twice each year, in the spring and in the fall.

Thespring2011surveyhadsomesignificantdifferencescomparedto our previous surveys. Beginning in spring 2011, we added new survey questions about recent hiring and wages paid to new em-ployees. (Data on recent hiring will be published in a new report, the “Hiring and Wage Survey Report.”) Additionally, unlike previ-ous surveys, small employers that reported any positive employ-ment were included. Sample selection was made without replace-mentandsamplewasstratifiedonlyfortwo-digitNorthAmericanIndustryClassificationSystem(NAICS)codesacrossthestate.

The survey sample was drawn from all Washington businesses, except public administration, covered by unemployment insurance tax law during the third quarter of 2010. The total establishment population was 160,528; 18,230 establishments were drawn in thesurveysample,14,666firmswerecontactedand12,573firmsresponded to the survey. The overall participation rate was about 86 percent.

Eachfirminthesurveywassentaone-pagequestionnaireviaU.S.mail. The survey was directed to personnel managers or human resource departments, as applicable. Respondents were instructed toreportinformationonlyfortheworksitespecifiedontheaddresslabel attached to the questionnaire. Respondents had the choice of replying to the survey on the form mailed to them or by phone, fax or email. A toll-free number was provided for telephone responses and questions.

For each vacant position, we collected information about these job requirements and characteristics:

• Full-time or part-time status• Permanent or temporary status• How long the position has been vacant • Whether the vacancy is a new or replacement position• Education requirements• Licensingorcertificationrequirements• Experience requirements

Additionally, we gathered this information in the new hiring and wage portion of the survey:

• Number of new hires for the last three months• Number of new positions• Wages paid for each position


Number ofSample summary establishmentsPopulation of establishments 160,528 Original sample drawn 18,230 Number of firms not contacted 3,564 Number of firms contacted 14,666Responded, no vacancies 9,256Responded, with vacancies 3,317Total response 12,573Participation rate 85.73%

Fall 2010 Job Vacancy Survey counts and response rate

To collect data for the Fall 2010 Job Vacancy Survey, the Employment Security Department contacted 14,666 Washington businesses. In all, 12,573 businesses responded to the survey, a return rate of more than 85 percent.

Definition of job vacancyA job vacancy is a position that is open for hire at the time the em-ployercompletesthesurveyatthespecifiedworklocation.Vacantpositions include full-time, part-time, temporary and seasonal jobs.

Sample designThe April 2011 sample frame of 18,230 establishments was drawn from the third quarter 2010 U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Covered EmploymentandWagesdatabase.Thesamplewasstratifiedbyindustry using two-digit NAICS.

Within each stratum, the sample is drawn using a probability of selectionproportionatetotheemploymentsizeoftheestablishmentwithoutreplacement,withthemeasureofsizebeingtheaveragenumber of employees over the sample quarter. The table below summarizesthesamplecountsandresponserate.

Coding job titles by Standard Occupational ClassificationEmployers provided job titles for the vacancies they listed on the survey forms. Our analysts then reviewed the job titles and matched them to the appropriate 2010 Standard Occupational Clas-sification(SOC)titles.

EstimationThere were 12,573 establishments that responded to the April 2011 survey. To estimate the total number of job vacancies and hir-ing across Washington’s industries, initial sample weights (inverse probabilities of selection) were adjusted for non-responses for each stratum to represent the total number of vacancies or hiring.

Thevariancesand95percentconfidencelevelswerecalculatedfor the majority of estimations. The tables include only estimations wherethelower95percentconfidencelevelispositive.

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