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Spreadable, Edible, and Incredible Coral Reefs.ppt...Phylum Mollusca, Class Bivalvia Muscles, Clams,...
Transcript of Spreadable, Edible, and Incredible Coral Reefs.ppt...Phylum Mollusca, Class Bivalvia Muscles, Clams,...
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Spreadable Spreadable, Edible, and Incredible Incredible
Coral Reefs!
Carrie DixonCarrie DixonDiscovery Hall ProgramsDiscovery Hall ProgramsDiscovery Hall ProgramsDiscovery Hall Programs
Dauphin Island Sea Lab, ALDauphin Island Sea Lab, ALPhoto: CEDixon
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National Science Content StandardsNational Science Content Standards
Life Science Content Standard, Grades K-4:Characteristics of organisms
Life Science Content Standard, Grades K-4:dOrganisms and environments
Life Science Content Standard, Grades 5-8:Structure and function in living systemsStructure and function in living systems
Life Science Content Standard, Grades 5-8:Diversity and adaptations of organismsDiversity and adaptations of organisms
Life Science Content Standard, Grades 9-12:Interdependence of organismsp f g
Behavior of Organisms
Photo Credit: NOAA
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Ocean Literacy Essential Principle:
The ocean supports a great diversity
f lif d tof life and ecosystems.
Photo: CEDixon
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Coral Reefs! Oh My!Coral Reefs! Oh My!
• Found in warm clear and shallow tropicalFound in warm, clear and shallow tropical waters on the continental shelf
• Reefs are built up slowly by the• Reefs are built up slowly by the successive generations of corals and their limestone skeletonslimestone skeletons
• Very complex ecosystems that support a t di it f t b t dgreat diversity of vertebrate and
invertebrate life
Photo Credit: NOAA
http://www.moc.noaa.gov/mt/index.html
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World Tropical Coral Reef Di ib iDistribution
Map: NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program
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CoralsTwo types of corals:
H d f b ildi l h k l t– Hard reef building corals whose skeletons are made of limestone. Examples include brain and Elkhorn coraland Elkhorn coral
– Soft corals like sea whips and sea fingers that are not reef buildersare not reef builders
Photo Credit: NOAA, Life at Sea
http://www.moc.noaa.gov/mt/index.html
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Phyla and organisms that can be d b hi h d l b!covered by this hands-on lab!
Ph l P if S• Phylum Porifera: Sponges• Phylum Cnidaria: Jellies, Anemones, Corals• Phylum Annelida
– Class Polychaeta: Tube WormsPh l m Moll sca• Phylum Mollusca
– Class Bivalvia: Clams, Scallops– Class Gastropoda: Snails, Nudibranch – Class Cephalopoda: Squids, Octopuses
Phylum Arthropoda• Phylum Arthropoda– Class Crustacea: Crabs, lobsters, shrimp
• Phylum Echinodermata– Class Asteroidea: Sea stars
Class Ophiuroidea: Brittle stars– Class Ophiuroidea: Brittle stars– Class Echinoidea: Sea urchins and sand dollars– Class Holothuroidea: Sea Cucumbers
• Phylum ChordataClass Chondrichthyes: Sharks and rays– Class Chondrichthyes: Sharks and rays
– Class Osteichthyes: Bony fishes– Class Reptilia: Sea turtles
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Sweet Reef Coral Creations!*Sweet Reef Coral Creations!
S id
Brittle Star Anemone
Tube Worm
Clam
Squid
Shrimp
Clam
Urchins Squid Sand Dollar
Nudibranch
Octopus
JellyfishCrab
* A favorite among the students!
Octopus
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Phylum: CnidariaJ ll fi h A C lJellyfish, Anemones, Corals
• Over 10 000 species mostly marineOver 10,000 species, mostly marine• Demonstrate radial symmetry
P l d• Polyp vs. medusa• Carnivores that use their tentacles to
capture prey• Gastrovascular cavity, mouth and anus y,
are the same opening
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Sweet-Tooth JellyfishSweet Tooth Jellyfish
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Step 1: Place 1 Large Marshmallow in center ofMarshmallow in center of plate. Peel apart strands of Twizzers Pull and Peel and lay over marshmallow in a criss-cross pattern
Step 2: place about a tablespoon of icing di l h idirectly over the criss-cross on top of the marshmallow
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Step 3: Unwrap 1 Fruit Roll-up and lay it directly on top ofit directly on top of icing on the marshmallow. Lift the entire creation (Fruit Roll-up, Twizzlers, and ,marshmallow) off the plate, and wrap edges of Fruit Rolledges of Fruit Roll-up underneath the marshmallow
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Ta-dah!Ta-dah!
An Edible, ,delectable Jellyfish!Jellyfish!
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Healthy Snack Coral Reef!Squid
CoralTube Worm
Lobster
Sponge Urchin
Coral
FishCrab
Brittle Star
Clam
Sea Cucumber
Sea Turtle Anemone
Clam
Octopus
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Phylum Mollusca, Class CephalopodaOctopus, Squid, Cuttlefish, Nautilus
• Bilateral symmetry• Soft bodiesSoft bodies• Shells are either small or absent,
except in the nautilusexcept in the nautilus• Marine predators!• Beaklike jaws located at the base
of their feet
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Fear the Banana Squid!Fear the Banana Squid!
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Step 1: Peel banana halfway open and gently break off half of the banana fruit
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Step 2: Divide the
l i t 10peel into 10 different sections by splitting peelsplitting peel lengths into narrower widthswidths
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Step 3: Cut papproximately 1 inch off 8 of the peel lengths for legs, leaving two long peel lengths for tentacles
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Step 4: Slide toothpick through banana and peelbanana and peel, so that even portions are showing on bothshowing on both sides of the ‘squid’
St 5 Slid 1Step 5: Slide 1 grape on each exposed toothpick point for eyeballs!point for eyeballs!
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Step 6: Slide triangle p gshaped orange peel onto the end of a toothpick twice, for each side of the squid beak
Step 7: Slide beakStep 7: Slide beak toothpicks into the flat end of the fruit next to each other
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BananaBanana Squid!q
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A Sea Cucumber whose guts you WANT !WANT to eat!
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S 1 Pl f h b liStep 1: Place fresh broccoli crowns onto the ends of tooth picks
Step 2: Using the half of the banana fruit from the squid
j t ti k th b liproject, stick the broccoli toothpicks into the flat end of the fruit
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For extra SEA CUCMBER pizzazz, add some p ,celery strings coming out the anus!
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Recycled Coral Reef Critters!
Sea Fans
AnemoneClown Fish in
Anemone
Sea Fans
Coral SnailBarnacles
ScallopsJellyfish
Sea Turtles
Urchin
Sea Star
CrabSea Turtles
Sand
Brittle Star
StarDollars
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Phylum Mollusca, Class BivalviaMuscles, Clams, Oysters, Scallops
L ti bi d bl l l f f f ldi d• Latin: bi-, double valva, leaf of a folding door• Most are sedentary and live in sand or mud
M i filt f d i• Many species are filter feeders, using mucus on their gills to trap food particles in the waterV t bd t l t l th• Very strong abductor muscles control the hinging of the shell
•Scallops are an exception to most bivalves because if threatened, they can clap their valves together to jet short distances
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Egg CartonEgg Carton Scallopsp
NOAA
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St 1 C t 2 b t ½Step 1: Cut 2 egg cups about ½ an inch from the top, to remove funky corners and ridges
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Step 2: Using about 1 inch of clear tape, attach two cups together creating acups together creating a hinge. Make sure both cups are facing up when taping them together to tap g t e toget e tocreate your scallop shell!
Step 3: Place a cotton ball in each cup representing th b d f th llthe body of the scallop
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St 4 M t t 4 i hStep 4: Measure out two 4 inch strands of beads for eyes
Step 5: Place two strands along outer edge of shell, and attach using quick dry glue, or clear ttape
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A very flashy scallop and finallyscallop, and finally a use for all those mardi gras beads!
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Human Impacts on Coral Reefs Across the World
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Coral BleachingCoral Bleaching
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Great Coral Reef Resources!Great Coral Reef Resources!
• CORIS by NOAANOAA C l R f C ti P• NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program
• http://www.coralreef.noaa.gov/outreach/resourcecd08/lessonplans.html
• Enchanted Learning: All About Oceans gand Seas
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Carrie DixonDiscovery Hall ProgramsDauphin Island Sea Lab, AL
Q ti ?Questions?
Photo Credit: NOAA