Splash Screen. Chapter Intro 1 The Framers did not state specifically in the Constitution what the...
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Transcript of Splash Screen. Chapter Intro 1 The Framers did not state specifically in the Constitution what the...
Splash Screen
Chapter Intro 1
The Framers did not state specifically in the Constitution what the role of the president should be. The nation’s first president, George Washington, established many traditions that shaped the presidency. Every president since Washington has followed and built upon these traditions, refining the president’s role within the government.
Chapter Intro 2
Section 1: The President and Vice President
The Constitution gives the executive branch the power to execute, or implement, the law. The president holds one of the most powerful and important elective offices in the world.
Chapter Intro 2
Section 2: The President’s Job
The Constitution gives the executive branch the power to execute, or implement, the law. The president fills many different roles.
Chapter Intro 2
Section 3: Making Foreign Policy
Under our federal system, the executive, legislative, and judicial branches share the responsibility of governing the nation. The president and Congress have important roles in making foreign policy.
Chapter Intro 2
Section 4: Presidential Advisers and Executive Agencies
The Constitution gives the executive branch the power to execute, or implement, the law. Thousands of employees and advisers help the president.
Section 1-Main Idea
Guide to Reading
Big Idea
The Constitution gives the executive branch the power to execute, or implement, the law.
Section 1
The Office of the President
As the head of the executive branch of our federal government, the president holds one of the most powerful and important elective offices in the world.
Section 1
The Office of the President (cont.)
• The president of the United States leads the executive branch of the United States’ government.
Section 1
The Office of the President (cont.)
• Qualifications listed in the Constitution
– At least 35 years old
– Native-born American citizen
– Resident of the U.S. for at least 14 years
Section 1
The Office of the President (cont.)
• Electoral College
– Electors cast votes to select the president
– Number of votes based on number of Congressional seats
– Most states use a “winner-take-all” system for winner of popular vote
Presidential Succession
Section 1
The Office of the President (cont.)
• Four-year presidential term; limit of two terms
• Salary and benefits:
– Annual salary of $400,000
– White House and Camp David
– Air Force One for travel
Section 1
The Office of the President (cont.)
• Vice president:
– Elected with the president
– Becomes president if the president resigns or dies in office
Section 1
Presidential Succession
The office of the president has an established order of succession.
Section 1
Presidential Succession (cont.)
• The Constitution sets up a line of succession in case the president dies or is forced to leave office.
Section 1
Presidential Succession (cont.)
• Twenty-fifth Amendment:
– Vice president takes over as president
– Names all the positions in line for the presidency
Section 2-Main Idea
Guide to Reading
Big IdeaThe Constitution gives the executive branch the power to execute, or implement, the law.
Section 2
Constitutional Powers
The source for the president’s authority is Article II of the Constitution.
Section 2
Constitutional Powers (cont.)
• The powers of the president are outlined in Article II of the Constitution.
• Only federal office elected by entire nation
Section 2
Constitutional Powers (cont.)
• Presidential powers outlined in Constitution:
– Veto legislation
– Call Congress into special session
– Commander in chief of the armed forces
– Receive foreign leaders
– Make treaties
Section 2
Constitutional Powers (cont.)
– Appoint heads of agencies, judges, ambassadors, and other officials
– Pardon or reduce federal sentences
• Consults with and gives information to Congress
Section 2
Roles of the President
The president fills many roles that are important to the functioning of the United States government.
Section 2
Roles of the President (cont.)
• The president serves several major functions including the chief executive, the head of the armed forces, and legislative leader.
Section 2
Roles of the President (cont.)
• Chief executive:
– Carries out the nation’s laws using cabinet and millions of federal employees
– Executive order
– Appoints Supreme Court justices and other federal judges
Section 2
Roles of the President (cont.)
• Grants pardons, reprieves, and amnesty
• Directs foreign policy
Section 2
Roles of the President (cont.)
• Commander in chief:
– Official commander of all branches of the armed forces
– Shares power to declare war with Congress
Section 2
Roles of the President (cont.)
• Legislative leader:
– President pushes legislation that furthers the president’s goals
Section 2
Roles of the President (cont.)
• Other roles:
– Head of state
– Economic leader
– Party leader
Section 3-Main Idea
Guide to Reading
Big IdeaUnder our federal system, the executive, legislative, and judicial branches share the responsibility of governing the nation.
Section 3
The President and Foreign Policy
As commander in chief and chief diplomat, the president leads the nation’s armed forces and directs U.S. foreign policy.
Section 3
The President and Foreign Policy (cont.)
• The president’s job includes establishing foreign policy, which can involve the use of diplomacy, military power, or both.
• Often centered on national security
• Makes Treaties and executive agreements based on economics or mutual defense
Section 3
The President and Foreign Policy (cont.)
• Appointing ambassadors as representatives to other countries
• Facilitating or blocking international trade through trade sanctions or embargos
Section 4-Main Idea
Guide to Reading
Big IdeaThe Constitution gives the executive branch the power to execute, or implement, the law.
Section 4
Organization of the Federal Branch
The executive branch is made up of the top advisers and assistants who help the president carry out major duties.
Section 4
Organization of the Federal Branch (cont.)
• The president appoints many advisers and assistants to help carry out the duties of the executive branch.
Section 4
Organization of the Federal Branch (cont.)
• Executive office
– Headed by White House Chief of Staff
– Contains powerful advisers
Section 4
Organization of the Federal Branch (cont.)
• Office of Management and Budget prepares the federal budget
• National Security Council helps with military and foreign policy
• Office of Administration performs administrative tasks
• Council of Economic Advisers addresses employment, tax policy, inflation, and foreign trade
Section 4
The Cabinet
The cabinet is an advisory group chosen by the president to help accomplish the work of the executive branch.
Section 4
The Cabinet (cont.)
• The president’s main advisers belong to the cabinet, which is made up of the people who head the major areas of the executive branch.
The Executive Office of the President
Section 4
The Cabinet (cont.)
• Cabinet comprises of the heads of 14 departments:
– Meets as president needs
– Some presidents rely heavily on Cabinet, others less so
The President’s Cabinet
Section 4
The Cabinet (cont.)
• Increased roles of vice presidents and First Ladies
– Recent presidents have given more responsibility to vice presidents
– First Ladies often promote specific social issues
Section 4
The Federal Bureaucracy
The federal bureaucracy has grown over the years and assumes an important role in making public policy.
Section 4
The Federal Bureaucracy (cont.)
• The agencies that make up the federal bureaucracy are responsible for the operation of the federal government.
• Implements new laws and decide how they apply to daily life
• Administers the day-to-day operations of the federal government
Section 4
The Federal Bureaucracy (cont.)
• Regulates the activities of businesses and individuals
• Includes hundreds of independent agencies
– Executive agencies work with specialized areas
– Government corporations
– Regulatory boards and commissions
Section 4
The Federal Bureaucracy (cont.)
• Political appointees
• Civil service system based on merit system
VS 1
The Presidency
• The president is head of the executive branch of the federal government and is our nation’s top political leader.
• The source for the president’s authority is Article II of the Constitution, which says that “the executive power shall be vested in the president of the United States of America.”
VS 2
Electing the President
• Presidents are elected through an indirect method called the Electoral College.
VS 3
Responsibilities
• According to the Constitution, the president’s main job is to carry out the laws passed by Congress.
• As head of the executive branch of government, the president must make decisions that affect the lives of all Americans.
VS 4
Roles of the President
In carrying out the responsibilities of the office, the president must play a number of different roles. These roles are:
• Chief executive
• Chief diplomat
• Commander in chief
• Legislative leader
• Head of state
• Economic leader
• Party leader
VS 5
Tools of Foreign Policy
The president and Congress use many tools to carry out American foreign policy. These tools include:
• Treaties and executive agreements
• Appointing ambassadors
• Foreign aid
• International trade
• Military force
VS 6
Organization of the Federal Government
• President
• Vice President
• Executive Office of the President
• Executive departments
• Federal bureaucracy
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
TIME Trans
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DFS Trans 4
Vocab1
Electoral College
a group of people named by each state legislature to select the president and vice president
Vocab2
elector
person appointed to vote in presidential elections for the major candidates
Vocab3
display
to put in plain view
Vocab4
outcome
the result of an action or event
Vocab5
executive order
a rule or command that has the force of law
Vocab6
pardon
a declaration of forgiveness and freedom from punishment
Vocab7
reprieve
an order to delay a person’s punishment until a higher court can hear the case
Vocab8
amnesty
a pardon to a group of people
Vocab9
require
to have a need for or to order
Vocab10
impact
to influence or effect
Vocab11
policy
a guiding course of action
Vocab12
foreign policy
a nation’s overall plan for dealing with other nations
Vocab13
national security
the ability to keep the country safe from attack or harm
Vocab14
treaty
a formal agreement between the governments of two or more countries
Vocab15
executive agreement
an agreement between the president and the leader of another country
Vocab16
ambassador
an official representative of a country’s government
Vocab17
trade sanction
an effort to punish another nation by imposing trade barriers
Vocab18
embargo
an agreement among a group of nations that prohibits them all from trading with a target nation
Vocab19
method
a procedure or process of doing something
Vocab20
target
a goal or aim
Vocab21
cabinet
a group of advisers to the president that includes the heads of 14 top-level executive departments
Vocab22
federal bureaucracy
the collective agencies and employees of the executive branch
Vocab23
independent agency
federal board or commission that is not part of any cabinet department
Vocab24
government corporation
a business owned and operated by the federal government
Vocab25
political appointee
a person appointed to a federal position by the president
Vocab26
civil service worker
person hired into a federal position
Vocab27
civil service system
the practice of hiring government workers on the basis of open, competitive examinations and merit
Vocab28
spoils system
rewarding people with government jobs on the basis of their political support
Vocab29
merit system
hiring people into government jobs on the basis of their qualifications
Vocab30
monitor
to watch or observe
Vocab31
role
the function of a person or thing
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