Specification & Quantities Estimating

Lecturer

Maha MuhaisenMaha Muhaisen

College of Applied Engineering& Urban Planning

Lecture 4

Preparation of engineering measurements

measurement sheet

project name _________________

contractor name ____________

engineer name _______________

length width heigth Total amountDimension

SN Description Unit Quantity Unit rate

ItemunitMethod of measurement

Site levelingLump sumIt takes into consideration all site leveling including the excavation, fill, till reach 0+B.M according to design drawing.

Excavation (cut)m3Measured by 2 methods :1- footings areas according to blinding area * depth of excavation according to drawings.2- external dimensions of the building *depth of footings

Fill (backfill)m3= excavation – concrete work for footings and columns under ground level. = ground plan *depth of ground beams – (concrete for ground beams and ground floors)

Measurement of works / Earth Work

Concrete works measures engineering measurement

All openinng more than 0.1m2 or 0.1 m3 are deducted.

The concrete works more than the areas, volumes in the drawings doesn’t included.

Measurement of works / concrete works

Measurement of works / concrete worksItemunitMethod of measurement

Blinding concrete, ground concrete, benching, and slabs concrete with fixed thickness

m2= length * width (the thickness should be specified in the drawings and specifications) Ribs blocks don’t subtract from the slabs concrete.

Footings, columns, ground beams, stairs, and canopies,

m3= length*width*thickness-Ground beams are measured from its connection with columns- concrete stars include the stairs , steps, stair slabs, walls supporting the stairs.

Concrete decoration works as curves.

No.The dimensions must be specified in the drawings.

Measurement of works / block worksItemunitMethod of measurement

Block worksm2= length * width (the thickness should be specified in the drawings and specifications) - subtracting all openings more than 0.1 cm2.

Measurement of works / Plastering/ painting works

ItemunitMethod of measurement

Length * widthM2= length * width (engineering measurement after subtracting the openings, more than 0.1 m2) - the area is measured above the skirting (terrazzo chips)

Internal plastering = walls + slabs

Measurement of works / tilling works

ItemunitMethod of measurement

Terrazzo, marble, ceramic

m2= length * width (engineering measurement)

Measurement of works / Plastering/ painting works

ItemunitMethod of measurement

Plastering & painting

M2= length * width (engineering measurement after subtracting the openings, more than 0.1 m2) - the area is measured above the skirting (terrazzo chips)

Internal plastering = walls + ceiling

Measurement of works / Doors

ItemunitMethod of measurement

DoorsNo.The exact dimensions should be specified in the design drawings.Sometimes carpentry works measured in m2 or m length according to the item described in BOQ.

Measurement of works / Windows

ItemunitMethod of measurement

windowsNo.The exact dimensions should be specified in the design drawings.Sometimes carpentry works measured in m2 or m length according to the item described in BOQ.

Measurement of works / electrical & sanitary works

ItemunitMethod of measurement

Electrical and sanitary pieces / accessories

No.The dimensions should be specified clearly in the design drawings as the sockets, lamps, fluorescent lighting,…etc(W.C. , washing basins, sinks, manholes, pumps…etc)

pipingM.RThe dimension and details should be specified in the drawings, as (cables, pipes, ..etc)

Works with special detail

Lumps sumAll details should be specified in the drawings, as earthing, gas network,

Bill of Quantities The results in the quantities book, are recorded in the

BOQ table. It is preferable to add 5-10% percentage on the

quantities for contingency to avoid any errors or any.

No.Item descriptionunitQuantityUnit price($ or NIS …)

Total amount($ or NIS …)

1The works include……L.S

Bill of Quantities

See the attached example

The items are classified into categories as shown in the next table.

at the end of BOQ, summary of the items are shown as well as the total amount of the price

Bill of Quantities

Summary tableNo.ItemTotal amount

($ or NIS …)

1- EXCAVATION & EARTH WORKS

2CONCRETE WORKS

3- BLOCK WORK

4-CARPENTRY

5- METAL WORK

6- FINISHING WORKS

7- PLUMBING WORKS

8- ELECTRICAL WORKS

9-MISCELLANEOUS

Lecture (5)

Item description

Based on drawings, specification. It should be accurate and reflect the drawings

and specifications, Description should include :

1- what does the price include:

2- unit

3- determine the method of measurement.

How to read the description Description of the items Drawings, details Specifications General and specific conditions Instruction of the supervisor engineer

Inclusiveness of the work price

The description of the item should include all the work that the unit price will take account of as will be illustrated in the following

1 -Earth work The unit price should include :- Excavation in any kind of soil, rock, etc., starting at reduced level (bottom of

G.B. blinding) down to bottom of foundation blinding including compacting backfill around foundations and shall be applied on layers, 200 mm thick, watered and compacted to 95 % (98%) according to modified AASHTO Density Test T-80.for the excavated foundation and removal of surplus material from site to an approved dumping area complete as per specifications.

- Site Leveling. (Excavation of all Site including External Works). Cut and / or fill in any kind of soil, concrete, or asphalt; to the required Levels approved by the Engineer (Reduced Level). Including scraping of top. Any damage to the external walls, fence, etc. should be maintained without any compensations..

- Test of the soil (4 points at least)- Safety around the site,- Work according to engineer instruction and specifications

Concrete work Concrete works include: All formworks and shuttering in any form, shape and size. Making chamfered

and curved edges, allowing for and making grooves and sleeves and the like; removal of forms and cleaning of all exposed tie wires and rods; making good the harmed surfaces and

Supplying, Casting, vibrating and curing as per specifications. Approved additives and admixtures. Incurred costs on Concrete Mix Designs, Sample taking, testing and providing

test results certificates, storing and saving of samples, and preparation of bar bending schedules and workshops.

Supplying reinforcement of any grade, size and length as detailed in the drawings, storing on site including cutting, bending and fixing in position and providing all tying wires, spacers, shop drawings, testing and bar bending schedules

Concrete work (cont’d) Painting of exposed surfaces of underground reinforced concrete elements with

two coats of Bituminous Emulsion. Supply of Polyethylene sheets under ground slabs.

Steel bars used for alignment and fixing of reinforcement works, and extra steel added to assure proper detailing and safety.

Measurement of Concrete elements shall be the net dimensions as detailed in the drawings. All recesses, openings and voids shall be deducted.

Measurement shall be only for the seen surfaces of elements, overlapping and measuring items twice under separate headings shall not be allowed.

Supplying and fixing of the required steel reinforcement as per drawings and specifications.

Block works Rates of Block works include All works of the bill shall be of Concrete blocks of high quality standards

and as per specifications. Vertical and horizontal joints., Cement and mortar, Galvanized angles and

ties., Closed end blocks at all ends, door and window jambs, reveals and the like.

Concrete filling including reinforcing steel to cavities at quoins and door and window openings.

Lintels and bond beams to the full length of the wall, and all needed to complete job as per drawings and specifications concrete infill and transporting, placing compacting, curing, surface

finishing, protection, construction and expansion joints and all labors and materials and tests.

Block works (cont’d) Block work shall be bonded to concrete

columns, wall and the like with concrete infill B250. block must be stopped in graded shape (10-15 cm from the concrete face) one 8 mm bar must cast in columns during casting with 40 cm length fixed every 42 cm horizontally, in addition to two vertical 10 mm bars.

Plastering works, includes The price shall include, all narrow widths, for taking out joints on block walls or

backing concrete face for key, for making good to frames around pipes and other fittings , plastering to jambs and reveals of openings ( وبين اطارها بين النافذة من جانب

للجدار الخارجى side of columns, window sills; all of which shall be included ,(السطحPrice shall also include Expanded metal lath, angle beads at all corners and plaster stops at opening edges, expansion joints, sills, labor, curing, erecting and

dismantling of scaffoldings سقاالت), additives, pigments and all incidentals required as specified

Material, workmanship, Galvanized mesh, or plastic mesh, False ceiling from galvanized mesh and plastering

(fixing mesh , covering it by 3-coats of rough plaster)  reinforcement of the joints between different material as the joints between the

wall and columns.

Tilling works Rate shall include preparation of surfaces under tiles, Finnish to falls and cross

falls, special tile peace’s for edges and the like, tile surface finishing, Plastic spacers. Pointing and cleaning and all incidental as per specifications.

Supply, Install and Terrazzo Tiles, include, bedding and jointing in cement and sand mortar, pointing with white cement, required sand fill, and polishing, workmanship, and all incidental as per specifications

Isolation works for kitchen and bathroom (layer of fiber glass, and bitumen layers)

Marble includes connections, joints, mortar, and any other needed work. Supply and install a layer of cement and sand under marble and porcelain ,

ceramic, according to specification and engineer instruction. Supply and spread a layer of sand under the tiles. .

Tilling works (cont’d) Any decoration works as drawings include preparation of surfaces under tiles,

special tile peace’s for edges and the like, tile surface finishing, Plastic spacers. Pointing and cleaning and all incidental as per specifications

Painting works All Paints shall be supplied to site in sealed container, as approved

by the Engineer, and site mixing shall not be permitted. The Contractor rates shall include for supply of all materials,

workmanship, samples, primers , surface preparation , protection of painted surfaces , application to all heights as required of works, repair of all damaged surface, as per specification.

CARPENTRY AND JOINERY WORKS (window & doors)

Sizes of carpentry works given in the Bills of Quantities are finished sizes and shall be as per Drawings.

Sizes of doors and other items mentioned in the Bills of Quantities shall allow for tolerance to suit the structural openings shown in the Drawings.

Wooden doors and pair of doors shall be measured in square meter for each structural opening, unless stated otherwise in the Bills of Quantities. Rates for carpentry and joinery work shall include : Shop and coordinated drawings. frames, architrave (عارضة ), and other holders Allowance for plastering and tiling and the like. Cutting and fitting around obstructions, Bedding and painting. Grounds, blocking and backings. Plugging concrete, block work, and stone work , and making good. Ironmongery including cylindrical locks, handles, stoppers, screws, temporary fixing, re-

fixing, oiling and adjusting.

CARPENTRY AND JOINERY WORKS (window & doors)

Providing three keys for each lock including tagging. Steel legs, brackets, bearers حاملand other supports including painting. l)

Glass and glazing including cutting to size and putty. Preparing surfaces to receive finishes. Painting, varnishing الورنيش, polishing, oiling, and the like, to any area

or width in any location including work in multicolor and cutting in edges and putty المعجون.

STEEL AND ALUMINUM WORKS

Rates for metalwork shall include for : Preparing shop drawings, Drilling, counter sinking, screwing, bolting and riveting. Sub frames, including galvanized steel frames for Aluminum windows and architrave. Gaskets, sashes, double weather strips and external and internal approved quality

silicon filling around frames. Ironmonger including cylindrical locks (Union or equal) , stoppers, handles,

temporarily fixing, refitting, oiling and adjusting. Providing two keys for each lock . Glass and glazing including cutting to size, putty and rubber. Preparing surfaces for and painting one coat of primer before fixing. Sealing and Painting to any area or width in any location including work in multicolor

and cutting in edges. All other accessories and incidentals required to execute the work.

Electrical works All items price to include Supply, Installing, Connecting and testing

unless otherwise indicated, the contractor are requested to have approved full coordinated work shop drawings before starting contract activities, the price also includes all works necessary to implement electrical works in approved manner.

The contractor intended to order main and final distribution panel boards according to approved manufacturer drawings.

The price to include submittals, catalogs, any manufacturer instruction . The contractor should install and construct all works according to

drawings , specification tender documents, and requirement of Electrical Co.

Contractor should also test & submit the electrical Work to the Electricity Co. & Municipality.

PLUMBING, SANITARY AND MECHANICAL WORKS

Rates shall include all fittings , fixtures , appliances and pipe laying Supply of material, workmanship, installation, testing and commissioning.

Rates to include also all peace’s and fittings, including by passes , floats, cleaning outlets , automatic vents, vents and stack covers, valves and non return valves and the like needed to complete works as per specifications.

Insulation and painting as called for in specifications. Excavation and cutting for all pipe laying works, bedding back filling and

all works connected with pipe laying. All ties, sleeves, joints, tie bolts and rods, brackets and the like. Rates to include Workshops, Coordinated and as- built drawings as

approved by the Engineer

Pricing & price analysis Before construction three types of pricing :

1- cost estimate

2- pricing

3- cost analysis

Factors affecting the pricing Raw material Workmanship, labor, sub-contractors Administration cost including direct cost as salaries, equipments,

transportation ..etc. and indirect cost as electricity, communication cost, banks , municipality fees, ,,,etc.

Unforeseen expenses & risk (3-5%) Insurances Taxes as income tax, V.A.T, Profit (7-10%)