Special Protection Schemes Indian Grid
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Transcript of Special Protection Schemes Indian Grid
POWERGRID CORPORATION OF INDIA LIMITED
PROJECT REPORT ON SYSTEM PROTECTION SCHEMS IN WESTREN REGION
-SK.MASTANVALI
EMP.NO:02985
ET-19TH BATCH
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INDEX
S.NO CONTENTS PAGE.NO
1 INTRODUCTION 2
2 SYSTEM PROTECTION SCHEMS AT APL 3
3 SYSTEMPROTECTION SCHEMS ON GWALIOR AGRA D/C 6
4 SYSTEM PROTECTION SCHEMS AT BALCO 8
5 SPS AT ESSARMAHAN 9
6 SYSTEM PROTECTION SCHEMS AT TIRORA 10
7 SYSTEM PROTECTION SCHEME (SPS) FOR SYNCHRONIZATION OF NEW GRID AND SR GRID 13
8 SPS AT HIGH FREQUENCY 20
9 SPS AT SASAN 21
10 APPENDIX 22
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INTRODUCTION
System protection schemes (SPS) are meant to protect power system from
major shocks and to prevent major grid disturbances like cascading trippings and local
& global blackout. Unlike unit protection schemes which are meant it monitor
particular parameters related to certain equipment or line, these protection schemes
monitor various parameters of system that may be located geographically different
locations through a communication network. SPS activates contingency measures
based like load shedding, generation back down to control loading on other lines
based on the inputs and settings.
The operation of SPS controls the loading on lines and saves the system from
critical situation. However system operator ensures system operating in safe limits
through strategic control actions and wants to avoid the SPS operation.
Non-Operation/Mal function of SPS is a major problem which has to be taken
care of immediately. So it is very important to for control room operator to have a
brief knowledge of various SPS and their settings.
In this project the content of SPS is improved with the addition of logic
diagrams to give a quick and better understanding of operation. The advantage of
logic diagram interface is, easy understanding and it can be easily converted as
program. It may be further improved in future, real time data fed to the logic to test
the correct operation of SPS and to give an indication at RLDC end.
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1.SYSTEM PROTECTION SCHEMS AT APL
Adani Power Ltd, Mundra (4x330MW+5x660MW) has its generation and transmission Scheme in 3 stages.
The generation at APL, Mundra is as follows:
Stage 1: 4X330MW=1320MW Stage 2: 2X660MW=1320MW
Stage 3: 3X660MW=1980MW
The associated transmission scheme is as follows: Stage 1:
220kV Mundra-Nanikhakhar D/C
220kV Mundra-Tappar D/C
400kV Mundra-Hadala S/C 400kV APL-Versana-Hadala S/C
400kV Mundra-Sami-Dehgam D/C
Stage 2: 400kV Mundra -Zerda 2X D/C
Stage 3:
2X1250MW +/- 500kV APL,Mundra-Mohindergarh HVDC bipole. LILO of 400kV Bahadurgarh(PG)-Bhiwani (BBMB)
400kV Mohindergarh-Danauda D/C
400kV Mohindergarh Bhiwani D/C
• All the generating units are synchronized and the transmission lines of stage-1 and Stage-3 are only commissioned.
• SYSTEM Protection Scheme was commissioned by APL for mitigating any contingency out of any
ckt tripping or overloading of lines. • Triggering the trip is initiated by activation of respective stages of Over current relay used for line
protection
SPS Logic for 400kV Mundra –Versana/Hadala
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SPS logic for 400kV Mundra-Sami 1&2 and 400kV Sami-Dehgam 1&2
Current=Current in any line of above lines
Power=Power in any line of above lines
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SPS for 220kV Mundra-Nanikhakar 1&2 and 220kV Mundra-Tappar 1&2
Current=Current in any line of above lines
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2.SYSTEMPROTECTION SCHEMS ON GWALIOR AGRA D/C
During the scenario of heavy import by NR from Western Region, simultaneous tripping of 765kV
Agra-Gwalior circuit-I & II or tripping of 765 kV Bina-Gwalior Ckt-I & II results in rush of power on
parallel interconnections of NR with WR and ER. The contingency results in heavy overloading of
network in Western region (especially in Gujarat) as well as in Eastern region with critically low
voltage in the large part of ‘NEW’ grid.
Therefore, an SPS for shedding loads in western UP, Rajasthan, Punjab & Haryana area subsequent to
sudden large reduction of import at 765kV Agra (from WR) would help in minimizing the impact of
contingency. If the actual import on the 765kV Agra Gwalior D/C is more than a certain level,
automatic backing down of generation in the WR would also be desirable
SPS on 765KV Gwalior-Agra D/C
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SPS for sudden loss of import by NR on Agra-Gwalior-Bina lines
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3.SYSTEM PROTECTION SCHEMS AT BALCO
The interim evacuation of BALCO generating plant (2x67.5+4x300MW) is approved through LILO of
400kV Korba-Birsinghpur one ckt at BALCO, Chhattisgarh till commissioning of Dharamjaygarh
pooling station. The margin for scheduling through STOA/PX from the BALCO units would be limited
by the W3 injection TTC declared by NLDC and is available in NLDC/WRLDC website.
SPS on 400kV Balco-Brishingpur line
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4.SPS AT ESSARMAHAN
The interim evacuation of Essar-Mahan generating plant (2x600MW) is approved through LILO of
400kV Korba-Vindhyachal one ckt at Mahan, M.P till commissioning of Mahan-Bilaspur D/C lines.
Till commissioning of Bilaspur lines, the margin for scheduling through STOA/PX from Essar-Mahan
unit would be limited by margin declared by WRLDC after system studies. It is proposed to
implement a system protection scheme before commissioning of first 600MW unit.
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5.SYSTEM PROTECTION SCHEMS AT TIRORA
Tirora,is a generating station in Maharashtra with capacity of 3300MW(5X660MW).
It is connected to Western grid via 400KV Tirora-Warora-Wardha D/C and 765KV Tirora-Akola S/C bypassing 765KV Koradi
The scheme shall aim to reduce the generation at Tirora in case of over loading of both sections of
line between Tirora-Warora and Warora-Wardha. The output derived from operation of over current protection of Warora-Wardha line at Warora end
shall be carried forward to Tirora by using spare channels from PLCC link between Warora and
Tirora.
SPS For 400kV Tirora-Warora D/C
Power = Power in any one line of D/C
Current= Current in any one line of D/C
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SPS AT 765/400KV TIRORA FOR WARORA -CHANDRAPUR-II D/C
WRLDC has declared Wardha flowgate (2480MW) comprising of the following lines:
- 400KV Wardha-Akola D/C
- 400KV Wardha-Parli D/C
APML,Tirora is connected to 400KV Wardha via 400KV Tirora-Warora-Wardha D/C. With the
commissioning of 400KV Warora- Chandrapur-II D/C, major portion of the tirora generation flows
over these ckts. Tripping of 400KV Warora- Chandrapur-II D/C will critically load the Wardha
flowgate and therefore SPS was suggested in case of tripping of 400KV Warora-Chandrapur-II D/C.
SPS AT 765/400KV TIRORA FOR AKOLA-II ICT OVERLOAD
To control overload of 765/400KV Akola-II ICT,Loading of 765KV Tirora-Koradi-Akola one ckt is
monitored
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SPS at 765/400KV tirora for Overloading of Lines
at Akola Sub-station
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6.SYSTEM PROTECTION SCHEME (SPS) FOR SYNCHRONIZATION OF
NEW GRID AND SR GRID
SPS1:
Loadshed(SR): Gen.Backdown:
S.no State Quantum S.no Generator Quantum
1 Tamilnadu 146 MW 1 JPL 150 MW
2 Kerala 125 MW 2 JPL Extn 150 MW
3 Karnataka 104 MW 3 KSK 100 MW
4 Andhra Pradesh 125 MW 4 LANCO 100 MW
TOTAL 500 MW 5 DB Power 100 MW
6 KWPCL 100 MW
7 BALCO 50 MW
8 NSPCL 50 MW
TOTAL 800 MW
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SPS3:
Loadshed(SR):
S.no State Quantum
1 Tamilnadu 146 MW
2 Kerala 125 MW
3 Karnataka 104 MW
4 Andhra Pradesh 125 MW
TOTAL 500 MW
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SPS4:
Loadshed(SR): Gen.Backdown:
S.no State Quantum S.no Generator Quantum
1 Tamilnadu 146 MW 1 JPL 150 MW
2 Kerala 125 MW 2 JPL Extn 150 MW
3 Karnataka 104 MW 3 KSK 100 MW
4 Andhra Pradesh 125 MW 4 LANCO 100 MW
TOTAL 500 MW 5 DB Power 100 MW
6 KWPCL 100 MW
7 BALCO 50 MW
8 NSPCL 50 MW
TOTAL 800 MW
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SPS5:
Loadshed(SR): Gen.Backdown:
S.no State Quantum S.no Generator Quantum
1 Tamilnadu 290 MW 1 Tiroda 200 MW
2 Kerala 135 MW 2 Mauda 100 MW
3 Karnataka 195 MW 3 Koradi 70 MW
4 Andhra Pradesh 230 MW 4 Kaparkheda 150 MW
TOTAL 800 MW 5 Chandrapur 100 MW
6 IndiaBulls 100 MW
TOTAL 800 MW
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SPS6:
Loadshed(SR): Gen.Backdown:
S.no State Quantum S.no Generator Quantum
1 Tamilnadu 290 MW 1 JPL 150 MW
2 Kerala 135 MW 2 JPL Extn 150 MW
3 Karnataka 195 MW 3 KSK 100 MW
4 Andhra Pradesh 230 MW 4 LANCO 100 MW
TOTAL 800 MW 5 DB Power 100 MW
6 KWPCL 100 MW
7 BALCO 50 MW
8 NSPCL 50 MW
TOTAL 800 MW
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SPS7:
SPS8:
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SPS9:
SPS10:
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7.SPS AT HIGH FREQUENCY
Automatic generation tripping in Western Region at high frequency (51.5 Hz) to help arresting the
rise of frequency in case of islanding of WR from rest of NEW grid is as follows
Gen.Backdown(WR):
S.No. Gen.Station Trip Unit no. Unit capacity(MW) Delay(Sec)
1 Korba(NTPC) 7 500 30
2 Vindhyachal 7 500 30
3 CGPL 40 830 30
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8.SPS AT SASAN
Sasan UMPP (6X660MW) is connected to WR grid via:
• 765KV Sasan-Satna D/C
• 765KV Sasan-Vindhyachal PS-Satna S/C
• 765/400KV 2X1000MVA ICTs
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APPENDIX
Digital Logic gates:
OR Logic:
Logic table
Inputs Output
x y Z
0 0 0
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 1
AND Logic:
Logic table
Inputs Output
x y Z
0 0 0
0 1 0
1 0 0
1 1 1
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Ex-OR Logic:
Logic table
Inputs Output
x y Z
0 0 0
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 0
NOT(Negation):
(Symbol of Negation)
Logic table
Input Output
x x
0 1
1 0
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Multiplexer/Mux:
Logic table
Input Output
X Y
0 A
1 B
Comparator:
If Input ≥ Setting, Output = 1, Else 0 (zero)
Multi Input Comparator:
If Any one of Inputs ≥ Setting, Output = 1, Else 0(zero)
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Delay/Timer:
If Input =1 Continuously for T Sec then Output=1, Else 0(zero).
THE END
Thank you