SP 471 American Film History Week 4
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Transcript of SP 471 American Film History Week 4
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European Cinema
Europe after WWI
Industry lagged
behind Certainty of pre-war
times challenged inmatters of class, art,
spirituality &politically
Unemployment in the Weimar Republic
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European Cinema
Russia
Influence of Lenin
Filmmakers such asVsevolod Pudovkin
and Sergei
Eisenstein
Montage
Eisensteins Battleship
Potemkin (1925) &
Pudovkins Mother(1926)
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European Cinema
Montage
2. A synonym for editing.
3. An approach to editing
developed by the Sovietfilmmakers of the 1920ssuch as Pudovkin andEisenstein; it emphasizesdynamic, oftendiscontinuous,
relationships betweenshots and the juxtapositionof images to create ideasnot present in either shotby itself
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European Cinema
France
Abel Gance
Wildly experimentalin form & length
Napoleon (1927)
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European Cinema
Germany
Huge influence on
American Cinemaas so many
filmmakers fled the
Nazis
Ernst Lubitsch, Fritz Lang,
Billy Wilder, Robert Siodmak
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European Cinema
Expressionism: atheory or practice inart of seeking todepict the subjectiveemotions andresponses thatobjects and events
arouse in the artist
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European Cinema
Not about realism
Visually expressing
the inner emotion,psychology &
spirituality
Distorted reality for
emotional effect
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European Cinema
Film
Robert Wienes
The Cabinet of Dr.
Caligari(1919)
Sets are distorted,
artificial, shadowy,
and disorienting.
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European Cinema
Expressionism
heavily influenced
film noir&Hitchcock, Welles
and many other
directors
The Maltese Falcon,
The Wrong Man,,
Citizen Kane & Children
of Men
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European Cinema
The Weimar
Republic
1919-1933 Economic difficulty
combined with
thriving arts scene
Threepenny Opera & Burning Currency for Warmth
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European Cinema
Universum Film AG
F.W. Murnau
G.W. Pabst Fritz Lang
Josef von Sternberg
Billy Wilder
Lotte Reiniger
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European Cinema G.W. Pabst, 1885-1967
Most successful,artistically & financially
Famous for
collaboration withAmerican actressLouise Brooks
Pandoras Box(1928)
Diary of a Lost Girl(1929)
Returned to Germany &made films during thewar which proved a
problem later
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European Cinema
Josef von Sternberg,1894-1969
The Blue Angel, 1930
First German talkieEnglish and Germanversion shot at thesame time
Gave us MarleneDietrich
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European Cinema
Lotte Reiniger,
1889-1981
Silhouette animator Oldest surviving
animated feature
film
The Adventures of Prince Achmed(1926)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_hnyUF6KsEghttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_hnyUF6KsEghttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=25SP4ftxklghttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=25SP4ftxklghttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=25SP4ftxklghttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=25SP4ftxklghttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=25SP4ftxklghttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_hnyUF6KsEghttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_hnyUF6KsEghttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_hnyUF6KsEg -
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European Cinema
F.W. Murnau, 1888-1931
Emigrated to Hollywood in1926
Sunrise (1927) filmed inMovietone Sound on Film -music and effects only
Breakthrough process &
tracking shots Special Academy Award
forBest Picture, Uniqueand Artistic Production
Nosferatu, 1922 & Sunrise, 1927
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European Cinema
Ernst Lubitsch, 1882-1947
Sophisticated
comedies European sensibility
Relied on the raisedeyebrow and not the
specifics
Ninotchka, Three Women & The Shop Around the Corner
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European Cinema
Billy Wilder, 1906-2002
Started as ascreenwriter
Went on to becomeone of the greatest
Hollywood directorsever
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European Cinema
The Lubitsch Touch
Billy Wilder always kept a
sign hanging in his office
that asked, "How wouldLubitsch do it?
At his funeral, Billy Wilder
noted: "No more
Lubitsch." William Wyler
answered: "Worse thanthat - no more Lubitsch
films."
Some Like it Hot
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European Cinema
Fritz Lang, 1890-1976
Started as artist
Went into the filmbusiness at UFA
Broke out with Destiny
(1920) & Dr Mabuse,
the Gambler(1921)
Went on to a long
career in Hollywood
Vital in the development
offilm noir
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European Cinema
Metropolis
1927
Ground-breaking
Science Fiction Bankrupted studio
1/4 film lost
Original version has not
been seen sincepremiere
Additional footage foundlast year in Brazil
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European Cinema
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European Cinema
Blade Runner
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European Cinema
"Schufftan Process
Angled mirrors to
combine miniatureswith actors
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Sound
The Jazz Singer
(1927)
First full length
picture with sound
sequences
The first all talking
picture was released
the next year (Lightsof New York)
Theatres rushed to
convert to sound
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Sound
Vitaphone 1926-
1930
Sound on disc
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Sound
Sound on film
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Sound
Setback to
cinematic
innovation Could not move
camera
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Sound
Some actors
could
Janet Gaynor, Ronald Coleman,
Greta Garbo & Carol Lombard
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Sound
Some actors could
not make the
transition
Mary Pickford, John Gilbert & Clara Bow
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Sound
Chaplin was richenough to do whathe wanted and
continued to makesilents - City Lights(1931)
Many peoplethought the art
was lost with thecoming of sound.
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Sunset Boulevard
Sunset Boulevard(1950)
Dir. by Billy Wilder,written by Wilder &
longtime collaboratorCharles Brackett
With Gloria Swanson areal silent star who nevermade the transition totalkies
Probably first filmnarrated by a dead man(William Holden)
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Sunset Boulevard
Gloria & Gloria
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Sunset Boulevard Stars who played
themselves:
H.B. Warner, Buster Keaton, Anna Q. Nilsson
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Sunset Boulevard Stars who played
themselves:
Cecil B. DeMille, Director and Hedda Hopper, Gossip Columnist
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Sunset Boulevard Eric von Stroheim played
a version of himself (hecalled it that goddamnedbutler part)
His last Hollywood film,Queen KellywithSwanson from which herlover, Joe Kennedy (yes those Kennedys), hadhim fired from, is used asone of NormaDesmonds films