SOUTHERN COTTON KINGDOM

Chapter 14, LESSON 3EQ: Why do people make economic choices ?

Vocabulary: Ch. 14, Lesson 3 &4 (Use the Packet)

domestic slave trade yeomen Overseer slave codes Underground Railroad Literacy

Rise of the Cotton Kingdom

Most Southerners lived along the Atlantic coast in Maryland, Virginia, and North Carolina in what became known as the Upper South.

By 1850 the South had changed. Its population had spread inland

to the states of the Deep South – Georgia, South Carolina, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas.

Slavery grew stronger than ever in the South.

Cotton Rules the Deep South

The North and mills in Europe demanded cotton.

But cotton took time and labor to produce.

Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin in 1793—cotton production was faster and it increased.

Slave could now clean 50 lbs. of cotton a day – instead of one pound by hand.

Cotton Production & Slavery Increased

Cotton production increases

More workers needed to produce cotton—slavery increased

The Upper South became a center for the sale and movement of enslaved people.

Domestic slave trade

Southern Economy

Unlike the industrial North, the South remained rural, and its economy became increasingly different from the Northern economy.

South produced less manufactured good.

It had no need to produced goods while it had cotton!

Activity #1 Chapter 14, Lesson 3Packet Questions #1-8Write and Answer the Questions

Due 8:40 am.

PEOPLE OF THE SOUTH

LESSON 4EQ: How do people adapt to their environment?

Southern Farmers

Most white Southerners were yeomen, tenant farmers, rural poor, or plantation owners.

Yeomen: owned small farms Plantation owners: wealthy land

owners who owned slaves.

Plantations

Making money was the goal of plantation owners. Produced cotton Price of cotton changed season to season,

therefore plantations had good and bad years.

Slaves in Plantations Worked in plantations Cleaned house, cooked, did

laundry, and served meals Others were trained as

blacksmiths, carpenters, or shoemakers.

Took care of livestock. Most enslaved Africans were

filed hands (worked the land)—an overseer (plantation manager) supervised them.

By1808 no more slaves were imported to the USA—it was illegal.

The Lives of Enslaved People

They worked hard, earned no money, and had little hope of freedom.

Lived in fear Developed a culture (way of life) of their own. Blended African and American elements.

Slave Codes Laws in the Southern

states that controlled enslaved people.

Made to prevent rebellions

Examples Slaves not allowed to

meet in large groups Needed written passes to

leave slaveholder’s property

Teaching slaves to read and write was a crime

Nat Turner’s Rebellion 1831

Underground Railroad

Enslaved blacks tried to run way to freedom in the North A runaway might receive help from the Underground

Railroad A network of “safe houses” owned by people who were

against slavery. Most runaways were captured and returned to their owners

Activity Write and Answer the Questions Chapter 14, Lesson 4 Questions #1-6 Questions #10, 11, and 12 Questions #14 and#15

Assessment: Part I

1. Read North and South and highlight information.

Identify the geography/climate, economy, society, and transportation differences between the North and the South during the early 1800’s.

Assessment: Part II

2. Create a table in which you identify geography/climate, economy, society, and transportation differences of the North and South. Differences North South

Geography/climate 3 facts 3 facts

Economy 3 facts 3 facts

Society 3 facts 3 facts

Transportation 3 facts 3 facts

Assessment Part III.

Was life in the North and South more similar or different before the Civil War? Why or why not?