Sou the Western Indian Polytech Institute

8/9/2019 Sou the Western Indian Polytech Institute

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In partnership with theThe Department of the Interior'sBureau of Indian Education

and the Office ofIndian Energy and Economic

Development


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Presents Indian Education

Renewable EnergyChallenge 2010


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Wind TurbineAbstract

A hand full of engineering interns, students and mentors werepresented with the challenge of entering the Indian EducationRenewable Energy Challenge. The goal is to design a wind turbinepowered system that will generate and store wind energy and thenuse that energy, stored either mechanically or electronically, to poweran array of LEDs. Obviously, as in most competitions, there are certain

constraints that have to be followed, which will be discussed later onin the following proposal. A decision had to be made about how we would go about

generating and storing energy from the turbine, then how we wouldutilize that energy to light as many LEDs as possible. We needed toweigh the pros and cons of using either a vertical axis or horizontal

axis turbine according to the constraints outlined by the BIE. A secondenergy module would be needed power the LEDs, but we would haveto produce the energy with flowing water. The process of putting it alltogether was a tough task since a lot of difficult decisions had to bediscussed and explored thoroughly.

The components needed to be systematically arranged so that

they can work together in an organized manner. We also would need astructurally sound frame to hold it all together, taking into account all


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Wind Turbine TeamVertical, Horizontal, Hydro Designs

Fall

2009

-Tie rn e y Ya zzie N M S UM e n tor

-R a lp h Ke lly U N M M e n tor-Fay G arre a u S IP I In te rn-Ja son T h o m a s S IP I In te rn

-A n th on y M a lon ey S IPIIn te rn

-C a lv in S ila s E n g r 1 0 5

-Josep h H ern an de z E ng r1 0 5

-Steve n Polacca En gr 1 0 5-E lcaro Lee En g r 1 0 5-C idro Tom En gr 1 0 5

-R e g g ie O ve rto n In te rn-H a rd y B ra n n o n E n g r 1 0 5


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Ralph Kelly-UNM MentorMarvin Roybal UNM MentorJoseph Hernandez- SIPI

Intern/Engr 280Steven Polacca-SIPI

Intern/Eng280Calvin Silas-Intern/Engr 280Elcaro Lee-Engr 280JoBeth Dupree-Engr 105Preston Hill-Engr 105John David-Engr 105Charlie Brown-Engr 105Jeremy Sampson-Engr 105

pring 20

10

Wind Turbine TeamVertical, Horizontal, Hydro Designs


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Summary:

For the past 5 years Southwestern Indian Polytechnic InstitutesEngineering Program has implemented various educational programs toits science and technology department. The programs touch onsubjects from robotics to IT communication systems and now have theirsights on renewable energy technology.

Introduction:

Our team will build and design a vertical axis wind turbine from scratchto obtain the knowledge, understanding, and concepts of how a wind

turbine operates. Along the way, we expect to run into some problemand difficulties, which will provide more problems solving challenges toour team.

S IP I V e rtica l W in d Tu rb in eProposal


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The Goal: The BIE (Bureau of Indian Education) renewable energy

challenge is based on wind energy which consists of two modules,the wind turbine and the energy module. Module 1 is the turbinemodule. The design requirements are to make the turbine blades

from balsa wood with the maximum diameter of three ft. The baseof the turbine must be stabilized during operation in a 4ft areasand must be portable. Module 2 is the energy module. It willcollect the energy being produced by the wind turbine. Thisenergy will be stored in (2) 6v rechargeable batteries. Once thebatteries are charged it will power the water pump that transport

water out from storage container A into storage container B. Therewill be a release valve located below storage container B. Whenthe container is filled, the valve will be turned releasing the water.This flow of water will operate a hydro turbine producing hydroelectric power which will light up as many LEDs as possible in theLED array.



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The Solution: Module 1. The turbine will be a vertical axis turbine capable

of operating in any wind direction. The blade design is made froma total of (24) strips of balsa wood 8x x 36 and each blade isreinforced with (5) 1x3/16 balsa wood wheels. It will have an

eclipse curvature profile from the top view and a half dome likeshape from the side view. The blades overall diameter is 16, 36in height and thick. Each blade will be made from (4) strips ofbalsa wood (dimensions mentioned above), where two strips areglued together, (5) arch slots are carved along one side of stripwhere it measures 36 to embed reinforcement wood wheels,

another two strips of balsa wood are glued together and arch slotsare carved, now both glued strips can be locked in place. Theturbine will have six blades arrayed in 360 polar from the centerof the rotor and mounted above the stator.



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Appendix B

Module 1Vertical Axis

Wind Turbine

V e rtica l W in d Tu rb in eC o n c e p t


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The energy modulesframe design will be built insections of three. Each

section can be staked ontop of the other to makeone unit. The sections willbe built with 2x2construction wood, theframe is held together with(8) x 5 stainless steel

bolts, (8) hex nuts, and(16) 1 washers with hole in the center.

Vertical Wind TurbineConcept


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er ca n ur neConcept

The turbine will be a vertical axis turbine capable of operating in any wind direction. The bladedesign is made from a total of (24) strips of balsa wood 8x x 36 and each blade is reinforced

with (5) 1x3/16 balsa wood wheels. It will have an eclipse curvature profile from the top viewand a half dome like shape from the side view. The blades overall diameter is 16, 36 in heightand thick. Each blade will be made from (4) strips of balsa wood (dimensions mentionedabove), where two strips are glued together, (5) arch slots are carved along one side of stripwhere it measures 36 to embed reinforcement wood wheels, another two strips of balsa wood areglued together and arch slots are carved, now both glued strips can be locked in place. Theturbine will have six blades arrayed in 360 polar from the center of the rotor and mounted above

the stator.


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Concept

(18) Neodymium 42 Magnets measuring 4.5x3x will be incased in resin and mountedbelow the rotor and will sit 4mm above the stator. The magnets casing will be held in placewith (4) 1/8x1 bolts and (4) 1/8 hex nuts. As it is being casted a prefabricated circularmagnet positioning jig will be used to keep the magnets aligned toward the center, then layer of polyester resin is poured in a flat donut shape mold. After the resin cast has cured it

will be drilled with (4) 1/8 holes for mounting.


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Fabrication


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Results


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Results

Vertical Turbine Performance Data

Fan Displacement 25 44 80

Rload 50 ohms 50 ohms 50 ohms

Stip 654 fpm 604 fpm 524 fpm

69 64 56

Ew 77% 81% 78%

Wavg 850 fpm 742 fpm 670 fpm

Wrms 190mW 180mW 160mW

Vrms 3.1 volts 3.0 volts 2.8 volts

R lt


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ResultsSee Graph for Wind speed versus Power

Test Fan 25 from front of turbine

Wind speed: 850 fpm9.6 miles/hr

Near front of turbine1100 fpm (top left)1000 fpm (top right)300 fpm (center)

900 fpm (bottom left)950 fpm (bottom right)

RPM of Turbine =

60 sec x ___ 1 _____. = 69 rpm Stip = 60 pi DT 60 sec = 45 fpm

min 18 coils x Pcoil 18 Pcoil min

Vrms = Vpx 0.707 x duty cycle Duty Cycle = 2 Pvp / Pcoil

= 7.0 x 0.707 x 2 x (0.015 / 0.048) = 3.09 Vrms

Power = V2

rms /Rload = 3.092

/ 50 = 192 mW


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Test Fan 44 from front of turbine

Wind speed: 742 fpmNear front of turbine900 fpm (top left)900 fpm (top right)261 fpm (center)650 fpm (bottom left)1000 fpm (bottom right)

RPM of Turbine =

60 sec x ___ 1 _____. = 64 rpm Stip = 60 pi DT 60 sec = 604 fpm

min 18 coils x Pcoil 18 Pcoil min

Vrms = Vpx 0.707 x duty cycle Duty Cycle = 2 Pvp / Pcoil

= 7.0 x 0.707 x 2 x (0.017 / 0.052) = 3.0 Vrms

Power = V2rms /Rload = 2 / 50 = 180 mW

Results


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Ernest Gorman Presents theSIPI Vertical Wind Turbine

Click picture to start clip


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Win-Raider PTA3000R team is on an engineering mission consisting

of inspired individuals out to research, compare concepts andestablish a unique wind turbine design to the technicalspecifications stipulated by the Bureau of Indian Education and theIndian Energy and Economic Development.

Our design, Win-Raider PTA3000R is a unique design that will seize

the attention of curious individuals who are involved in the Field ofRenewable Energy. The design is similar to the horizontal windturbine; however the blade design and its reversed horizontal

position in a down-wind effect will function uniquely creating muchcontroversy among engineers.

The second phase of this competition is to relate all crucial

information through research, pertaining to our productspecification and the competition rules and regulations.

Horizontal Wind TurbineDesign Proposal


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Horizontal WindTurbineDesign Concept

Blade Theory:Some of the things that related to the blade design were the velocity of wind

to the amount of surface area that the blades could catch and harness.Some of the parameters to consider are pitch of blades, velocity of wind,internal moment of inertia of blades, friction of generator, density of air,

diameter of blades, and sweep area. One consistent equation that alwayscame about was the Power in Wind equation with units in watts. It is asfollows


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Calculating Power in Wind can be done using excel. The calculation can befound on figure 2.1. At best home made blades can only convert 25% oftotal wind power. The energy for blade power is.

Horizontal Wind TurbineDesign Concept

T h is w a s d e rive d fro m

H i t l Wi d T bi


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We have developed a unique design taken from nature. Whales havea fin that gives them a 35% efficiency. We feel that this will give us a bladethat will have high response with a sufficient amount of torque to get theblades moving at minimal wind velocities. Here is our blade design. It willbe made of balsa wood and it will be constructed by hand. The balsa woodblade design has a significant importance to the product response. When athrust of wind, magnitude to 3 miles per hour interacts in comparison to 2x

magnitude response, its feed back is square its velocity. The blade will beoffset at a 22.5 degree angle and will have a unique design that will catchminimal wind for rotation. The whalebone effect is compared to theinteraction and response of the northern region blue whale in United Statesand has played a vital role in correspondence to technology. The simplicityof the structure of the whale fin vs. in airborne turbulent product of a wingmagnifies the deliverance of the stability of turbulent mass.

1 5.5

Whalebone Fin Blade Design


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The final product. It isimportant to note that thedirection the wind would be

blowing is from left to right. Ourproduct was inspired by fishinglures and it will be a down windwindturbine. It has no controlfor which direction the shell andblades face. It is free floating torespond to the drag of the wind.

The top will wind up to a certaintension using sturdy cords andwhen the wind stops blowingwill unwind back to zerotension.



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Fabrication


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Fabrication


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Fabrication

l h


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Steven Polacca Presents theSIPI Horizontal Turbine


Hydro Turbine


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Hydro TurbineModule 2

Energy Module


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Section 1: Thissection is the criticalportion of the framesdesign because itsupports the weight of

section(s) 2 and 3.Also the bottom part ofsection 1 the framedesign is a four sidedstar providing stability.Section 1 will housecontainer A that is

already filled with fivegallons of water,where it connects tothe inlet hose of thepump.

Hydro Turbine


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Hydro Turbine

:S e ctio n 2 T h is sectio n w illb e sta cke d a b o ve sectio n 1 a n d secu re d

( ) , ( ) ( )w ith 4 stain less stee lb olts 4 h ex nu ts an d 2 w ash ers( ).dimensions mentioned earlier Power being produced fromth e tu rb in e w ille n te r a re ctifie r circu it w h ich ch a n g e s A C to D C

.fo r ch a rg in g th e b a tte ry T h e re ctifie r is m o u n te d o n a n-A lu m in um h ea t sin k to kee p it coo la n d p rev en t d a m ag e from

.o v e r h e a tin g T h e n e g a tive a n d p o sitive te rm in a ls o f th e re ctifie r.w illb e w ire d to th e b a tte ry in th e co rre ct p o la rity T h e se w ill b e

( )2 6V 9A rechargeable batteries wired in series to produce,1 2 V d c@ 9 A if w ire d in p a rallel th e o u tcom e w ou ld b e.6 V d c@ 1 8 A O nce th e b a tte rie s a re fu lly ch a rg e it w ill

- .op e ra te th e Flo je t p u m p Th e p u m p is se a le d in co rro sion.re sista n t m a te ria l e x te n d in g p e rfo rm a n ce a n d life

,M a n u fa ctu re d w ith in je ctio n m o ld in g te ch n o lo g y.it e lim in a te s p o te n tia l le a k p a th s It o p e ra te s o n 1 2 V d c w ith

. .9A an d p um ps 1 3 G PM @ 50 psi Eq uipp ed w ith a pressure( ) , , .sw itch co n tro llin g th e p siin 3 in te rva ls of 5 0 1 0 0 a n d 1 5 0 p si

/ /Pu m p in pu t ou tp u t b arb sizes are 3 8 th , ( )in diameter 2 three( ) feet rubber hose will be fastened with 2 1 screw clamps on

.each barb Container is filled with five gallons of water andwill be connected to the inlet hose and water is pumped out the outlet hose to fill

container B. , ( )Section 2 will house the rectifier circuit 2 6Vdc rechargeable, ( ) , ( ) , ( ) .batteries 1 12Vdc water pump 1 hydro turbine 1 3ft PVC and an LED array


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Fabrication


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Results


A k l d t


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Acknowledgements

Dr. Nader Vadiee (SIPI Coordinator /Faculty EngineeringPrograms)

Mr. James Dunn (SIPI Coordinator/Faculty Renewable EnergyPrograms)

Jeff Walters (Campus Faculty) SIPI Facilites

Sou the Western Indian Polytech Institute

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