Some basics about biodiversity protection in the...

Some basics aboutbiodiversity protection

in the EUin the EUAlberto Arroyo Schnell

WWF International

12th April 2007

©Alberto Arroyo

The origin of the EUThe origin of the EU

••to promote peace and stabilityto promote peace and stability

••creation of a common marketcreation of a common market

••1987: Single European Act includes environmental 1987: Single European Act includes environmental ••1987: Single European Act includes environmental 1987: Single European Act includes environmental protectionprotection

••1997: Treaty of Amsterdam, also sustainable 1997: Treaty of Amsterdam, also sustainable development as an objectivedevelopment as an objective

Alberto Arroyo SchnellApril 2007

Brussels: a struggle of interestsBrussels: a struggle of interests

••amongst others, national, business, union, environmental, amongst others, national, business, union, environmental, agricultural interest groupsagricultural interest groups

••result is at times contradictory policyresult is at times contradictory policy

••some „better“: several environmental directives, Habitats some „better“: several environmental directives, Habitats Directive (HD), Birds Directive (BD), Water Framework Directive (HD), Birds Directive (BD), Water Framework Directive (WFD)Directive (WFD)

••some „worse“: major part of CAP marketsome „worse“: major part of CAP market--based support, based support, some infrastructural developmentsome infrastructural development


What is an EU Directive?What is an EU Directive?

Types of EU legislative acts: Regulation Directive Decision Recommendation Recommendation

Directive (European Framework Laws): requires MS to achieve a particular result without dictating the means of achieving that result. Therefore: national „transposition“ is the first step Sometimes „direct effect“ of unimplemented directives can

have direct legal force (ECJ)


aa7

aa7 Decision and recomendation: how was it?Alberto; 10.4.2007

Why biodiversity protection?Why biodiversity protection?

Some political commitments…Some political commitments…

CBD (1992): Programme of Work on Protected Areas

Bern Convention (1979): Emerald network

Biodiversity Communication (2006)

2010 Goal (2004)


aa1

aa2

aa1 Check year of Emerald Network!Alberto; 9.4.2007

aa2 Check year of PoW on PAs!Alberto; 9.4.2007

Halting the loss of Halting the loss of Biodiversity by 2010Biodiversity by 2010

EU: 2001: „to halt the decline of bio-

diversity (in the EU) by 2010“

WSSD: 2002: „to significantly reduce theWSSD: 2002: „to significantly reduce therate of Biodiversity loss (globally) by 2010“

BHD are the cornerstones of EU‘s bio-

diversity workBHD are one major contribution fromthe EU to the CBD work



Commission‘s release of the Biodiversity

Communication (June 2006)

Agreed Biodiversity Action Plan



Annual reports on progress of implementation

(2007, 2008, 2009)

Overall evaluation of the 2010 goal in 2010

The Commission looks also beyond 2010


The EU Nature DirectivesThe EU Nature Directives

1.1. Birds Directive (1979) Birds Directive (1979) -- BDBD

2.2. Habitats Directive (1992) Habitats Directive (1992) -- HDHD


The Birds DirectiveThe Birds Directive

COUNCIL DIRECTIVE of 2 April 1979 on the conservation of wild birds(79/409/EEC)

“…conservation of all species of naturally occurring birds in the wild state in the European territory of the Member States…” (protection, control and management)

Annex I: species which shall be the subject of special conservation measuresconcerning their habitat […] Member States shall classify in particular the most suitable territories in number and size as special protection areas (SPAs) for the conservation of these species

“Member States shall take similar measures for regularly occurring migratory species not listed in Annex I…”

Other provisions: commerce, hunting, reporting every 3 years…


The Habitats DirectiveThe Habitats Directive

COUNCIL DIRECTIVE 92/43/EEC of 21 May 1992 on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora

“…to maintain or restore, at favourable conservation status, natural habitats and species of wild fauna and flora of Community interest…”

Natura 2000 network of protected areas (N2K) Natura 2000 network of protected areas (N2K) For the conservation of Habitats and Species of Community Interest (Annex I &

II) Conservation measures: article 6 (including assessment of plans and projects that

can affect N2K)

Species protection Regime (Annex IV species)

Other provisions: EU co-financing, monitoring every 6 years …


The Habitats DirectiveThe Habitats Directive

6 annexes, including the lists of resources to be protected:

Annex I: Habitats of Community Interest – SACs (218, *67)

Annex II: Animal and Plant species of Community Interest – Annex II: Animal and Plant species of Community Interest –SACs (887, 254*)

Annex IV: Animal and Plant species of Community Interest –strict protection (1009)

Annex V: Animal and Plant species of Community Interest –sustainable use (223)


Natura 2000Natura 2000

SPAs (Birds Directive)

SACs (Habitats Directive)


THANK YOU!THANK YOU!


Some basics about biodiversity protection in the...

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