Sol Review Flashcards
Transcript of Sol Review Flashcards
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Whichgeographicregionhasbroadlowlandsand
hasmanyexcellentharbors?CoastalPlain
Whichgeographicregionhasolderoded
mountainsandincludesthePiedmont?AppalachianHighlands
Whichgeographicregionhashillswornbyerosion
andlakescarvedbyglaciers?CanadianShield
Whichgeographicregionhasrollingflatlands,
manyrivers,broadrivervalleysandgrassyhills?InteriorLowlands
Whichgeographicregionhasflatlandthat
graduallyincreasesinelevationwestward?GreatPlains
Whichgeographicregionhasruggedmountains,
andcontainstheContinentalDivide?RockyMountains
LocatedintheRockyMountains,thisdetermines
thedirectionalflowofrivers.
ContinentalDivide
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Whichgeographicregionhasareasofvarying
elevationscontainingisolatedmountainranges
andDeathValley?
BasinandRange
Whichgeographicregionhasruggedmountains
alongthePacificcoastandhasfertilevalleys?CoastalRange
Whichoceanservedasahighwayforearly
explorers,linkingEuropeandtheAmericas?AtlanticOcean
Whichoceanwasanearlyexplorationdestination
andlinkedAsiaandtheAmericas?PacificOcean
Whichriverisknownasthegatewaytothewest? OhioRiver
Alongwhichbodiesofwaterdidinlandportcities
growintheMidwest?GreatLakes
Whichtworiverswereusedtotransportfarmand
industrialproducts?
MississippiandMissouriRivers
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Whichriverformstheborderbetween
WashingtonandOregonandwasexploredby
LewisandClark?
ColumbiaRiver
Whichriver,locatedintheSouthwest,was
exploredbytheSpanish?ColoradoRiver
WhichriverformstheborderbetweentheUnited
StatesandMexico?RioGrande
WhichbodyofwaterprovidedtheFrenchand
SpanishwithexplorationroutestoMexico?GulfofMexico
Whichriverformspartofthenortheasternborder
withCanadaandconnectstotheGreatLakesand
AtlanticOcean?
St.LawrenceRiver
Whatsetsthestageforandinfluencedthecourse
ofeventsinUnitedStateshistory?Landformsandwaterfeatures
Abodyof(usuallyfresh)watersurroundedbyland Lake
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Largenaturalstreamofwaterthatrunsthrough
thelandRiver
Smallriverorstreamthatflowsintoalargeriveror
stream;abranchoftheriverTributary
partofaseaoroceanextendingintotheland,
usuallylargerthanabayGulf
partofalargebodyofwaterthatextendsintoa
shoreline,generallysmallerthanagulfBay
landwithsteepsidesthatrisessharply(1,000feet
ormore)fromsurroundingland;generallylarger
andmoreruggedthanahill
Mountain
Arowofconnectedmountains Mountainchain
elevatedlandwithslopingsidesandrounded
summit;generallysmallerthanamountain
Hill
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Landthatisflatorgentlyrollinghills Plain
abroad,flatareaoflandhigherthanthe
surroundinglandPlateau
alandmass(smallerthanacontinent)thatis
surroundedbywaterIsland
bodyoflandjuttingintoalakeorocean,
surroundedonthreesidesbywaterPeninsula
Towhataregeographicfeaturesrelated?
patternsoftrade,locationsofcitiesandtowns,
westwardmovement,agriculturalandfishing
industries
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Whatscienceisconcernedwiththerecoveryof
materialevidenceremainingfromthepast?archaeology
Wherehavearchaeologicaldiscoveriesofearly
Indiansettlementsbeenmade?SoutheasternVirginia
Howdoarchaeologistsstudyhumanbehaviorand
culturesofthepast? Throughtherecoveryandanalysisofartifacts
Whenandhowdidpeoplefirstarriveinthe
WesternHemisphere?
Scientistsarenotinagreementaboutwhenand
howpeoplearrivedintheWesternHemisphere.
WhereisCactusHill? CactusHillislocatedontheNottowayRiverinsoutheasternVirginia.
HowoldisCactusHill?EvidencesuggeststhathumanslivedatCactusHill
asearlyas18,000yearsago.
WhyisCactusHillimportant?Itisoneoftheoldestknownarchaeologicalsitesin
NorthAmerica.
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WhichNativeAmericantribelivedinArcticareas? Inuit
WhichNativeAmericantribelivedinarainy,mild
climate?Kwakiutl
WhichNativeAmericantribelivedneardry
grasslands?Lakota
WhichNativeAmericantribelivedindesertareas
borderedbycliffsandmountains?Pueblo
WhichNativeAmericantribelivedinanareathat
washeavilyforested?Iroquois
WhatdidAmericanIndianseat?Theyfished,huntedandharvestedcrops.What
theyatedependedonwheretheylived.
InwhattypesofsheltersdidAmericanIndians
live?
Thetypeofhousetheylivedindependedonwhat
typesofresourceswereavailable.Houseswere
builtfromanimalskins,wood,stonesandsod.
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WhattypeofclothingdidAmericanIndianswear?
Thetypeofclothingtheyhaddependedonwhat
typesofresourceswereavailable.Clothingwas
madefromplantsandanimalskins.
InwhatkindofhousedidtheInuitlive?
Igloo
InwhatkindofhousedidtheKwakiutllive?
Plankhouse
InwhatkindofhousedidtheLakotalive?
Tepee
InwhatkindofhousedidthePueblolive?
Adobeapartmentbuildings
InwhattypeofhousedidtheIroquoislive?
Longhouse
Thingsthatcomedirectlyfromnature Naturalresources
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Peopleworkingtoproducegoodsandservices Humanresources
Goodsproducedandusedtomakeothergoods
andservicesCapitalresources
Examplesofnaturalresources Fish,wildanimalsandcrops
Examplesofhumanresources Peoplewhofished,madeclothingandhunted
Examplesofcapitalresources Canoes,bowsandspears
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WhydidEuropeancountriesexplore?
God(tospreadChristianity)
Gold(economicreasons)
Ground(toexpandtheirempires)
WhatweretheeconomicreasonsEuropeansexplored?
Theywantedgold,naturalresourcesandtrade.
WhatwerethereligiousreasonsEuropeans
explored?TheywantedtospreadChristianity.
Whatwerethemajorobstaclestoexploration?
Poormapsandnavigationaltools
Diseaseandstarvation Fearoftheunknown Lackofadequatesupplies
Whatweretheaccomplishmentsofexploration?
Exchangeofgoodsandideas Improvednavigationaltoolsandideas Europeancountriesclaimedterritories
FranciscoCoronadoclaimedwhatpartofthe
NorthAmericaforSpain?SouthwestUnitedStates
RobertLaSalleclaimedwhatpartofNorthAmerica
forFrance?TheMississippiRiverValley
SamueldeChamplainestablishedwhatsettlement
forFrance?Quebec
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JohnCabotexploredwhatpartofNorthAmerica
forEngland?EasternCanada
WheredidPortugalexplore? ThecoastofWestAfrica.
HowdidtheSpanishandAmericanIndians
interact?
ConqueredandenslavedAmericanIndians BroughtChristianitytotheNewWorld BroughtEuropeandiseases
HowdidtheFrenchandAmericanIndians
interact?
Establishedtradingposts SpreadChristianity
HowdidtheEnglishandAmericanIndians
interact?
Establishedsettlementsandclaimedownershipofland
LearnedfarmingtechniquesfromAmericanIndians
TradedwiththeAmericanIndians
HowdidtheAmericanIndiansinteractwith
Europeans?
TaughtfarmingtechniquestoEuropeansettlers
Believedthatlandwastobeusedandsharedbutnotowned
HowdidEuropeansandAmericanIndians
cooperatewitheachother?
Trade Crops Europeansbroughttechnology(weapons
andmetalfarmtools)
HowwereEuropeansandAmericanIndiansin
conflictwitheachother?
Land Competitionfortrade Differencesincultures Disease Languagedifferences
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WhatwastheimportanceofGhana,Maliand
Songhai?
Eachempire,oneaftertheother,controlledtrade
inWestAfricafrom300to1600.
WhatnaturalresourcedidtheseWestAfricanempireshave?
Gold
WhatdidPortuguesetradersbringwiththemto
trade?Cloth,metals,andothermanufacturedgoods
WherewereGhana,Mali,andSonghailocated?
Ghana,MaliandSonghaiwerelocatedinthe
westernregionofAfrica,southoftheSahara
Desert,neartheNigerRiver.
HowdidAfricaplayanimportantroleinEuropean
interestinworldresources?
AfricanpeopleandAfricangoodsplayedan
importantroleinEuropeaninterestinworld
resources.
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WhydidEuropeancountriesestablishcoloniesin
NorthAmerica?Forreligiousandeconomicreasons
Whichcolonieswerefoundedforeconomicreasons?
RoanokeIsland Jamestown Georgia
Whichcolonieswerefoundedforreligious
reasons?
Plymouth MassachusettsBay Pennsylvania
WhofoundedJamestown? VirginiaCompany
WhofoundedPlymouth? SeparatistsfromtheChurchofEngland
WhofoundedMassachusettsBay? Puritans
WhofoundedPennsylvania? Quakers
WhywasGeorgiafounded?Tohelppeoplewhohadbeenindebtorsprisonin
England.
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Focusingononeorafewproducts specialization
Twoormorepeopledependingoneachotherforgoodsandservices
interdependence
DescribethegeographyoftheNewEngland
colonies.
AppalachianMountains,BostonHarbor,jagged
coastline,rockysoil,andhillyterrain.
DescribetheclimateoftheNewEnglandcolonies. Coldwinterandmoderatesummers
WhattypeofpeopleworkedinNewEngland
(humanresources)?Skilledcraftsmen,shopkeepers,shipbuilders
InwhatdidNewEnglandspecialize?Fishing,shipbuilding,navalsupplies,metaltools
andequipment
Whattypesofsocialactivitieswereimportantto
thepeopleofNewEngland?Villageandchurch
WhattypesofpeoplelivedinNewEngland? Religiousreformersandseparatists
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HowdidthepeopleofNewEnglandmake
decisions?(Describetheirpoliticalandciviclife)Townmeetings
DescribethegeographyoftheMid-Atlanticregion. AppalachianMountains,coastallowlands,harborsandbays,wideanddeeprivers,richfarmlands
DescribetheclimateoftheMid-Atlanticregion. Moderateclimate
WhattypeofpeopleworkedintheMid-Atlantic
region(humanresources)?Skilledandunskilledworkersandfishermen
InwhatdidtheMid-Atlanticcoloniesspecialize? Livestock,grain,trading
HowdidthepeopleofMid-Atlanticmake
decisions?(Describetheirpoliticalandciviclife)Markettowns
WhatwaslifelikeintheMid-Atlanticregion(social
life)?
Villagesandcities
Variedanddiverselifestyles
Diversereligions
DescribethegeographyoftheSouth.AppalachianMountains,Piedmont,Atlantic
CoastalPlain,goodharbors,rivers
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DescribetheclimateoftheSouth. Warmandhumidclimate
WhattypesofpeopleworkedintheSouth(humanresources)?
EnslavedAfricanAmericans,farmers
InwhatdidtheSouthspecialize?Tobacco,rice,cotton,indigo,forestproducts
(lumber,tar,pitch)
WhatwaslifelikeintheSouth(sociallife)?Plantations,mansions,fewcities,fewschoolsand
theChurchofEngland
HowdidthepeopleofMid-Atlanticmake
decisions?(Describetheirpoliticalandciviclife)Counties
Drawapicturethatshowshowthecolonieswere
interdependent.
Whoreliedonslavelaborandwereeducatedin
somecases?Largelandowners
Whoreliedonfamilymembersforlabor? Farmers
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Whoworkedascraftsmenintownsandon
plantations?Artisans
Whocouldnotvote,andworkedashouseworkers?
Women
Whowerefreeattheendoftheircontract? Indenturedservants
Whowereabletoownland,werenotallowedto
vote,andhadeconomicfreedomandcouldwork
forpayanddecidehowtospendtheirmoney?
FreeAfricanAmericans
HowdidEnglandimposeeconomiccontrolover
thecolonies?Coloniestradedrawmaterialsforgoods
HowdidEnglandimposepoliticalcontroloverthe
colonies?
Coloniallegislaturesmadelawsforeachcolony
andweremonitoredbycolonialgovernors.
Howdidcolonialgovernorsgettheirjob?Theywereappointedbythekingorthecolonial
proprietor(themanwhoownedthecolony).
Whoselawsdidthecolonistshavetoobey?ColonistshadtoobeyBritishlawsthatwere
enforcedbycolonialgovernors.
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WhydidEnglandimposetaxesonthecolonists?TohelppayfortheEnglishtroopsstayinginthe
colonies.
WhatwasthepurposeoftheStampAct? ItwasataxtohelppayfortheFrenchandIndianWar.
WhywerecolonistsunhappywithEngland? ColonistshadnorepresentationinParliament.
Whywerecolonistsunhappywiththe
Proclamationof1763?
ColonistscouldntmovewestoftheAppalachian
Mountains.
Fromwheredidthekeyphilosophiesinthe
DeclarationofIndependencecome?Europeanphilosophers
WhatdidtheDeclarationofIndependencesay
werepeoplesunalienablerights?Life,libertyandthepursuitofhappiness.
AccordingtotheDeclarationofIndependence,
whydopeoplecreategovernments?Peoplecreategovernmentstoprotecttheirrights.
Wheredoesgovernmentgetitspower? Governmentgetsitspowerfromthepeople.
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Whatshouldyoudoifthegovernmentstops
protectingyourrights?Createanewgovernment.
WhowastheBritishkingduringtheAmericanRevolution?
KingGeorgeIII
WhyroledidLordCornwallisplayintheAmerican
Revolution?
HesurrenderedtoGeorgeWashingtonat
Yorktown.
Whochampionedthecauseofindependence? JohnAdams
WhowastheCommanderoftheContinental
Army?GeorgeWashington
WhowasthemajorauthoroftheDeclarationof
Independence?ThomasJefferson
ForwhatspeechisPatrickHenrymostfamous? Givemelibertyorgivemedeath!
What3importantrolesdidBenjaminFranklinplay
duringtheAmericanRevolution?
HewasaprominentmemberoftheContinentalCongress.
Hehelpedframe(write)theDeclarationofIndependence.
HehelpedgainFrenchsupportforAmericanindependence
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Whowasaformerslavewhowrotepoemsand
playssupportingAmericanindependence?PhillisWheatley
WhowasthepatriotwhomadeadaringridetowarncolonistsoftheBritisharrival?
PaulRevere
Atwhateventwerecolonistsshotaftertaunting
Britishsoldiers?BostonMassacre
WheredidSamuelAdamsandPaulRevereled
patriotsintothrowingteaintoBostonHarbor?BostonTeaParty
WhathappenedattheFirstContinentalCongress?Delegatesfrom12coloniesmettodiscuss
problemswithEngland.
WhyareLexingtonandConcordfamous? FirstarmedconflictoftheAmericanRevolution.
WhathappenedonJuly4,1776? ColoniessignedtheDeclarationofIndependence.
WhatwastheimportanceoftheBattleof
Saratoga?TurningpointoftheAmericanRevolution.
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WhichbattlemarkedtheendoftheAmerican
Revolution?Yorktown
InwhichdocumentdidEnglandrecognizeAmericanindependence?
TreatyofParis
Whichcountryhelpedthecolonistsdefeatthe
British?France
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WhatwastheArticlesofConfederation? ThefirstgovernmentoftheUnitedStates.
WhatwasthemainproblemwiththeArticlesofConfederation?
Aweaknationalgovernment.
ListtheweaknessesoftheArticlesof
Confederation.
GaveCongressnopowertotax Providedfornocommoncurrency Eachstatehadonevote Noexecutiveorjudicialbranch
Whatsystemdividesthepowerofgovernment
betweenthenationalandstategovernments?Federalsystem.
Whatledtheefforttodraftanewconstitution? WeaknessesintheArticlesofConfederation
WherewastheConstitutionalConventionheld? Philadelphia
Whatweretwomaindebatesduringthe
ConstitutionalConvention?
Howmuchpowerwouldbegiventothenewnationalgovernment
Howsmallstatesandlargestateswouldberepresentedinthenewgovernment
WhatisthejoboftheLegislativeBranch? Makeslaws
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Inwhichhousearestatesrepresentedequallyby2
people?Senate
Inwhichhouseisrepresentationdeterminedbypopulation?
HouseofRepresentatives
Whatcompromisedecidedhowmanyvoteseach
statewouldhaveintheSenateandtheHouseof
Representatives?
GreatCompromise
WhatisthejoboftheJudicialBranch? Decidesiflawsareconstitutional.
WhatisthejoboftheExecutiveBranch? Carriesoutthelaws
Howmanystateshadtovoteinfavor(ratify)the
Constitutionbeforeitcouldbecomelaw?NineofThirteen
Whatarethefirst10amendmentstothe
Constitutioncalled?BillofRights
WhatisthepurposeoftheBillofRights? Writtenguaranteeofindividualrights
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OnwhichtwodocumentsistheBillofRights
based?
VirginiaDeclarationofRights(GeorgeMason)and
VirginiaStatuteforReligiousFreedom(Thomas
Jefferson).
ThomasJeffersonpurchasedtheLouisianaTerritoryfromwhatcountry?
France
Duringwhosepresidencydidatwo-partysystem
emerge?JohnAdams
WhichAfrican-Americanastronomerhelped
completethedesignforWashington,D.C.?BenjaminBanneker
WhatwasaddedtotheConstitutionduring
GeorgeWashingtonspresidency?BillofRights
WhatwaroccurredduringJamesMadisons
presidency?Warof1812
WhathappenedasaresultoftheWarof1812?EuropeancountriesgainedrespectfortheUnited
States
WhatwarnedEuropeancountriesnottointerfere
intheWesternHemisphere?MonroeDoctrine
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WhatdidtheLouisianaPurchasedotothesizeof
theUnitedStates?Doubledit
WheredidLewisandClarkexplore? FromtheMississippiRivertothePacificOcean;includingtheColumbiaRiver
Whichterritorydidweacquireduetoatreatywith
Spain?Florida
Whichterritorywasaddedafteritbecamean
independentrepublic?Texas
WhichterritorywasdividedbetweentheUnited
StatesandGreatBritain?Oregon
WhichterritorywasaddedafterwarwithMexico? Californiaandthesouthwestterritories
Whatfactorsinfluencedwestwardmigration? Geographicandeconomic
Expansionwasforthegoodofthecountryand
therightofthecountry.Whatisthisbelief
called?
ManifestDestiny
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Whatwasoneeconomicreasonpeoplemoved
west?Goldrush
Whatwasonegeographicreasonpeoplemovedwest?
Cheap,fertileland
Apersonwhoisthefirsttothinkoformake
somethinginventor
Apersonwhoorganizesresourcestobringanew
orbettergoodorservicetomarketinhopesof
earningaprofit.
Entrepreneur
Whichinventionincreasedtheneedforslave
labor?Cottongin
Whoinventedthecottongin? EliWhitney
Whichinventionincreasedtheproductivityofthe
Americanfarmer?Mechanicalreaper
Whoinventedthemechanicalreaper? JoAndersonandCyrusMcCormick
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WhichinventionconnectedSouthernplantations
andfarmstoNorthernindustriesandWestern
territories?
Steamboat
Whoimprovedthesteamboat? RobertFulton
Whichinventionprovidedfasterland
transportation?Steamlocomotive
Whobelievedthatslaverywasmorallywrongand
cruelandinhumane?Abolitionists
Namethreeimportantabolitionists.HarrietTubman,WilliamLloydGarrisonand
FrederickDouglass
WhowroteTheLiberator? WilliamLloydGarrison
WhowroteTheNorthStar? FrederickDouglass
Whobelievedthatallmenandwomenwere
createdequal?Supportersofthewomenssuffragemovement
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Whatweretworightswomenweredeprivedof? Therighttovoteandequalopportunityinbusiness
Namethreeimportantmembersofthewomenssuffragemovement.
IsabelSojournerTruth,SusanB.Anthony,andElizabethCadyStanton
FormerenslavedAfricanAmerican,nationally
knownadvocateforequalityandjustice?Isabella(Sojourner)Truth
Anadvocatetogainvotingrightsforwomenand
equalrightsforall?SusanB.Anthony
Playedaleadershiproleinthewomensrights
movement.ElizabethCadyStanton
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Howdidslaverydividethenation?TheNorthwantedslaveryabolished.TheSouth
wantedtokeepit.
WhattypeofsocietywastheNorth? Urban
WhattypeofsocietywastheSouth? Agricultural
HowdidtheNorthmakeitsmoney? Manufacturing
HowdidtheSouthmakeitsmoney? Farmingcashcrops
WhydidtheNorthfavortariffs?Tariffsprotectedworkersandownersfromforeign
competition
WhydidtheSouthopposetariffs?TheSouththoughtEnglandwouldstopbuying
theircotton.
Whobelievedtheyhadthepowertodeclareany
nationallawillegal?Southerners
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WhatdidSouthernersbelievetheabolitionof
slaverywoulddototheireconomy?
Southernersthoughtendingslaverywoulddestroy
theireconomy.
WhichcompromiseallowedMainetoenterasafreestate?
MissouriCompromise
WhichcompromiseallowedCaliforniatoenterasa
freestateandletsouthwestterritoriesdecide
aboutslaveryforthemselves?
Compromiseof1850
Whichcompromisecalledforpopularsovereignty? Kansas-NebraskaAct
WhathappenedasaresultofLincolnselection? Southernstatesseceded.
WhatmarkedthebeginningoftheCivilWar? ShotsfiredatFortSumter
WhatdidLincolnbelieveaboutthenation?Thatitwasonenationthatcouldnotbeseparated
ordivided.
WhatdidSouthernersbelieveaboutthenation?SouthernersbelievedtheyhadjoinedtheUnion
freelyandcouldleaveitfreely.
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Whatwasaborderstate? Aslavestatethatdidnotsecede.
Whatwerethefourborderstates? Delaware,Kentucky,Missouri,andMaryland
NamethreestatesthatsecededfromtheUnion.
Alabama,Arkansas,Florida,Georgia,Louisiana,
Mississippi,NorthCarolina,SouthCarolina,
Tennessee,TexasandVirginia
NamethreestatesthatstayedintheUnion.
California,Connecticut,Illinois,Indiana,Iowa,
Kansas,Maine,Massachusetts,Minnesota,NewHampshire,NewJersey,Ohio,Oregon,
Pennsylvania,RhodeIsland,Vermont,West
Virginia,Wisconsin,Delaware,Kentucky,Missouri,
andMaryland
WhattwodocumentsdidLincolnwrite?TheEmancipationProclamationandthe
GettysburgAddress
WhowaspresidentoftheConfederateStatesof
America?JeffersonDavis
WhowasthegeneraloftheUnionarmythat
defeatedLee?UlyssesS.Grant
NameaskilledConfederategeneralfromVirginia
whodiedbeforetheendofthewar.ThomasStonewallJackson
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WhowastheleaderoftheArmyofNorthern
Virginia?RobertE.Lee
WhatdidLeedoattheendofthewar? LeeurgedSouthernerstoacceptdefeatandreuniteasAmericans.
WhatwasthefirstmajorbattleoftheCivilWar BattleofManassas(BullRun)
Whatdocumentchangedthefocusofthewarto
freeingslaves?EmancipationProclamation
WhichbattlegavetheNorthcontrolofthe
MississippiRiveranddividedtheSouth?Vicksburg
WhichbattlerepelledLeesinvasionandwasthe
turningpointofthewar?Gettysburg
WheredidLeesurrendertoGrantin1865? AppomattoxCourtHouse
Namethreesouthernportsblockadedbythe
Union.Savannah,Charleston,andNewOrleans
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WhyweretheresomanybattlesnearRichmond
andWashington,D.C.?
Bothsidesstruggledtocapturethecapitalcityof
theenemy.
AtGettysburg,bothsideswerefightingforcontrolofwhat?
Thehighground
Thesepeoplewerelefttorunbusinessesinthe
NorthandfarmsandplantationsintheSouth.WomenduringtheCivilWar
WhatwasamajorkillerduringtheCivilWar? Disease
WhofoundedtheAmericanRedCross? ClaraBarton
Whowasaformerslave,Unionnavalcaptainand
Congressman?RobertSmalls
OnwhichsidedidAfrican-Americansfightduring
thewar?Bothsides
Whowasdiscriminatedagainst,servedin
segregatedunitsandwerepaidlessthanother
soldiers?
African-Americansoldiers