Social Welfare Policy - contents.kocw.netcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2015/handong/... ·...
Transcript of Social Welfare Policy - contents.kocw.netcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2015/handong/... ·...
HGU
Byungdeok Kang
Social Welfare Policy
Introduction to Social Welfare Policy
Social Welfare Policy?
Social Welfare?
Policy?
= (Social + Welfare) + Policy
Social Welfare
Welfare
Well-being (“the state of healthy balance for
people”)
Social Welfare
The well-being of society
Policy related to Apples
VS.
Policy does not study apples in itself,
but it does affect the regulation and distribution of apples.
Policy
Policy?
Principle or rule:
“A course of action that has been officially agreed
and chosen by a political party, business, or other
organization” (Longman English Dictionary)
Private & Public
Private Policy = a legal document between private
parties
Public Policy = government action
Public Policy
Public Policy = “Actions of government and the intentions that determine those actions” (C. E. Cochran, et al.)
Public Policy = “The outcome of the struggle in government over who gets what" (C. E. Cochran, et al.)
“Public policy consists of political decisions for implementing programs to achieve societal goals.” (C. L. Cochran & E. F. Malone)
“Public policy is the sum of government activities, whether acting directly or through agents, as it has an influence on the life of citizens.” (B. G. Peters)
Social Welfare Policy
Social Welfare Policy = The maintenance of
the well-being of society
Social Welfare Programs = The products of
social welfare policies
Social Issue
Policy Goals
Legislation Regulation
Program
Policy Cycle
Policy Cycle
1. Agenda Setting (Problem Identification)
2. Policy Formulation (Idea Development)
3. Adoption
4. Implementation
5. Evaluation
The ‘Big Five’ Social Services
Social Security
Housing
Health
Social Work
Education
• Labor/Employment
• Taxation+
Are social welfare policies
important?
Why? or Why Not?
Why Social Welfare Policy?
Social welfare policies are important because
…
engages with serious social problems.
looks at how those problems can be dealt with.
examines strategies for putting responses into
practice.
Why Do You (social welfare students)
Study Social Welfare Policy?
Any Benefits?
Studying social welfare policy is
beneficial for …
professional preparation.
contribution to policy making.
understand social issues better.
Social Welfare
Policy
Institutional Perspective
Political Perspective
Analytical Perspective
Three Major Perspectives to Understand
Social Welfare Policy
Institutional perspectives
Identifies the functioning of the key social institutions that structure and provide social welfare
Analytical perspective
Understand/compare different approaches to social welfare
Political perspective
Explore the interrelationships between society and government
What are the key social functions
necessary to maintain/sustain a
society?
What institutions do we need/have?
Institutional Perspectives
What are major social institutions and their functions?Social
Institutions
Key Org.
Forms
Primary
Functions
Social Welfare
Functions
Kinship
Religion
Workplace
The Market
MutualAssistance
Government
Families Procreating, socialization,
protection, intimacy,
emotional support
Dependent care,
Interfamilial
financial support
Analytic Perspective
Three P’s of Major Analysis
1. Process
Focus on the dynamics of policy formulation (Political Science)
A long-range studies of the development of an entire social welfare systems, Studies of the development of specific programs (History)
2. Product
Focus on a set of policy choices (issues of choices)
3. Performance
Focus on description and evaluation of program outcomes
P
PP
Process
PerformanceProduct
Social Welfare
Policy
WHY?Social Welfare
Policy
In a social context
In a vacuumvs.
Political Perspective
Politics of Social Welfare: Individual vs. Community Values… different expressions of the good society and
the role of government
Individual Perspective
Emphasizing the pursuit of individual interests (individual action)
Community Perspective
Recognizing the importance of common action on behalf of common goals
Individual
Perspective
Community
Perspective
Political Ideology Conservative Liberal / Progressive
View of Social
Problems
View of Market
Responsibility of
Government
Social Policy Agendas
Emerging Issues: Feminist Perspective
First Wave (Equity Feminist)
Reflects the traditional liberal agenda of political
rights and expanded opportunity
Is less likely to see women as victims of patriarchy
Second Wave (Gender Feminist)
Seeks to confront the fundamental inequalities they
see as inherent in society’s basic institutions
All women are viewed as victimized by deep and
pervasive cultural and social restraints.
Feminist Perspectives on Social Welfare
Emphasizes the role of women
Studies social welfare in valuable and diverse ways
Focuses on the vulnerabilities of women in society; Documents and analyzes a range of social inequalities Violence against women / Sexual harassment / Women
health
Family Traditional nuclear family as the embodiment of
“patriarchy”
Maternatity Leave Mother > Father
Historical Development of
Social Welfare Policies in Korea
1948 ~ 1960 Independence and Korean War
International Relief and Emergency Aid
Absolute Poverty
Child Welfare – Institutional Care
1960 ~ Mid of 1990 Rapid Economic Growth (Govt. Involvement)
Social Security Programs (Social Insurance and Public Assistance)
Social Welfare … not a primary issue; minimized roles of govt.
Service Providers: International Domestic
1980s … social welfare services (for children, the senior, the disabled, etc.)
1998 ~ 1997 … Financial Crisis (IMF Aid)
Expansion of Social Insurance Coverage
Reform of National Health Insurance
Long-Term Care Insurance for the Aged (2008)
Social Services: Selective Universal
Changes of Delivery Systems