So You Want to Build a Circuit
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Transcript of So You Want to Build a Circuit
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So You Want to Build a Circuit?Bryan Hughes, Ph.D.
@nebrius Frontend Dev at Rdio
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Voltage and CurrentVoltage is the potential difference
between two points, and current is the flow rate of electrons between them
-
e-
e-
e-
+
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Basic Components
• Resistor
• Capacitor
• Inductor
• Battery
• Diode
• LED
• VCC
• GND
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(1) V = I ·R
(2) P = V · I =
V 2
RSeries resistors
(3) V1 = V · R1
R1 +R2
Parallel resistors
(4) I = V · R1 ·R2
R1 +R2
LED resistor
(5) R =
V � Vdrop
Iideal
1
Ohm’s Law
Resistor: Battery: Ground:
V = I ·R (1)
V = voltage (V)
I = current (A)
R = resistance (⌦)
(2)
P = V · I =
V 2
R(3)
P = power (W)
(4)
Series resistors
V1 = V · R1
R1 +R2(5)
Parallel resistors
I = V · R1 ·R2
R1 +R2(6)
LED resistor
R =
V � VLED
I(7)
1
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(1) V = I ·R
(2) P = V · I =
V 2
RSeries resistors
(3) V1 = V · R1
R1 +R2
Parallel resistors
(4) I = V · R1 ·R2
R1 +R2
LED resistor
(5) R =
V � Vdrop
Iideal
1
Power Usage
Resistor: Battery: Ground:
V = I ·R (1)
V = voltage (V)
I = current (A)
R = resistance (⌦)
(2)
P = V · I =
V 2
R(3)
P = power (W)
(4)
Series resistors
V1 = V · R1
R1 +R2(5)
Parallel resistors
I = V · R1 ·R2
R1 +R2(6)
LED resistor
R =
V � VLED
I(7)
1
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(1) V = I ·R
(2) P = V · I =
V 2
RSeries resistors
(3) V1 = V · R1
R1 +R2
Parallel resistors
(4) I = V · R1 ·R2
R1 +R2
LED resistor
(5) R =
V � Vdrop
Iideal
1
Series Resistors
Resistor: Battery: Ground:
![Page 8: So You Want to Build a Circuit](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042716/55a2d4d51a28abea278b47ac/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
(1) V = I ·R
(2) P = V · I =
V 2
RSeries resistors
(3) V1 = V · R1
R1 +R2
Parallel resistors
(4) I = V · R1 ·R2
R1 +R2
LED resistor
(5) R =
V � Vdrop
Iideal
1
Parallel Resistors
Resistor: Battery: Ground:
![Page 9: So You Want to Build a Circuit](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042716/55a2d4d51a28abea278b47ac/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Light Emitting Diodes
(1) V = I ·R
(2) P = V · I =
V 2
RSeries resistors
(3) V1 = V · R1
R1 +R2
Parallel resistors
(4) I = V · R1 ·R2
R1 +R2
LED resistor
(5) R =
V � VLED
I
1
Resistor: Battery: Ground:LED:
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Volta
ge
0
1
2
3
4
5
Time
Voltage Low Threshold High Threshold
Digital LogicLow: -0.5V to 0.2⋅Vcc
High: 0.7⋅Vcc to Vcc + 0.5V
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SwitchesPull Down Resistors stabilize the voltage while the switch is open
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RelaysSoftware controllable switches
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TransistorsAt the heart of almost every signal conversion circuit, such as power boosting and voltage level shifting
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Power concerns
• Everything has power limits
• Exceeding those limits == damage
• Microcontrollers have low limits
• Key to great hardware is making everything happy
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Thank YouBryan Hughes
@nebrius