Sneaky Sneakers By: Blake Smith Jesse Lee Jen Feder.
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Transcript of Sneaky Sneakers By: Blake Smith Jesse Lee Jen Feder.
Sneaky Sneakers
By: Blake Smith Jesse Lee Jen Feder
Study Description
We did two different studies with shoes: The first was to test for association
between gender and type of shoe. The second was testing the observed
frequency distribution of sneaker style compared to the expected frequency distribution.
Test for Association
To gather data for these tests we compiled a list of various shoe types: Sneakers/Flip Flops/ Moccasins/
Boots/Clogs/Dress/Other
…and recorded the number of people wearing each type of shoe.
Test for Association
We recorded 30 males and 30 females from each lunch to total 120 males and 120 females.
To make it random we only surveyed every 5th student, so it was systematic.
Test For Association: Work
Sneakers Flip-Flops Moccasins Boots Clogs Dress Other
Male 60 30 4 10 10 1 5
Female
20 61 6 4 9 7 13
State Check
2 Ind. SRS Systematic
All Exp. Counts ≥ 5
No, but we’ll still continue
Test For Association: Work
Ho: There is no association between gender and type of shoe.
Ha: There is an association between gender and type of shoe.
41.64...45.5
45.5)(30
40
40)(60
exp
exp)(obsχ
2222
df = (rows – 1) x (columns – 1) = (2-1) x (7-1) = 6
Test For Association: Work
72 101656.2)64.41( P
•Conclusion:
We reject our Ho because p-value < = 0.05.
We have sufficient evidence that there is an association between gender and type of shoe.
Male Shoe Preference
Sneakers - 50%Flip Flops - 25%Moccasins - 3.33%Boots - 8.33%Clogs - 8.33%Dress - .83%Other - 4.17%
Shoe Preference - Percentages
Female Shoe Preference
Sneakers - 16.67%Flip Flops - 50.8%Moccasins - 5%Boots - 3.3%Clogs - 7.5%Dress - 5.83%Other - 10.83%
Male vs. Female Shoe Preference
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Sneakers Flip-Flop Moccasins Boots Clogs Dress Other
Type of Shoe
MaleFemale
Goodness Of Fit: Test 1
To gather our data we used a systematic sample of every 5th male exiting the cafeteria
We tallied the number of males wearing each brand of sneaker:
Nike / Adidas / New Balance / Asics Etnies / Vans / Other
G.O.F. Test 1
Ho: The observed frequency distribution of sneaker brand preference of males fits the expected distribution
Ha: The observed frequency distribution of sneaker brand preference of males does not fit the expected distribution
The expected distribution was 17.143
G.O.F. Test 1Continued
MALE SNEAKERS
Nike 35
Adidas 24
New Balance 9
Asics 5
Etnies 9
Vans 16
Other 22
State Check
SRS Systematic
All Expected
Counts ≥ 5
17.143
G.O.F. Test 1 Continued
13.39...17.143
17.143)(24
17.143
17.143)(35
exp
exp)(obsχ
2222
72 107496.6)13.39( P
df: 6
G.O.F. Test 1 Continued
Conclusion: We reject our Ho because the p-value is < =.05.
We have sufficient evidence that observed frequency distribution of sneaker brand preference of males does not fit the expected distribution.
Goodness Of Fit: Test 2
To gather our data we used a systematic sample of every 5th female exiting the cafeteria
We tallied the number of females wearing each brand of sneaker:
Nike / Adidas / New Balance / Asics Etnies / Vans / Other
G.O.F. Test 2
Ho: The observed frequency distribution of sneaker brand preference of females fits the expected distribution
Ha: The observed frequency distribution of sneaker brand preference of females does not fit the expected distribution
The expected distribution was 17.143
G.O.F. Test 2Continued
FEMALE SNEAKERS
Nike 19
Adidas 22
New Balance 19
Asics 15
Etnies 18
Vans 10
Other 17
State Check
SRS Systematic
All Expected
Counts ≥ 5
17.143
G.O.F. Test 2 Continued
066.5...17.143
17.143)(22
17.143
17.143)(19
exp
exp)(obsχ
2222
5359.)066.5( 2 P
df: 6
G.O.F. Test 2 Continued
Conclusion: We fail to reject our Ho because our calculated p-value is > = .05.
We have sufficient evidence that the observed frequency distribution of sneaker brand preference among females fits the expected distribution
Male Sneaker Preference
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Nike Adidas NewBalance
Asics Etnies Vans Other
Female Sneaker Preference
0
5
10
15
20
25
Nike Adidas NewBalance
Asics Etnies Vans Other
Male vs. Female Sneaker Preference
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Nike Adidas NewBalance
Asics Etnies Vans Other
Male PreferenceFemale Preference
Personal Conclusions: Association
Our test showed that there was an association between gender and shoe type.
We believe this is because certain shoe types are more socially acceptable for females to wear as opposed to males, and vice-versa.
Personal Conclusions: Goodness of Fit
Goodness of Fit females: The observed frequency distribution
fits the expected Goodness of Fit males:
The observed frequency distribution does not fit the expected
Personal Conclusions: G.O.F.
We feel that males prefer the major name brand sneaks (Nike, Adidas) due to the influence of pop culture
Male athlete endorsements Football Baseball Soccer
Personal Conclusions: G.O.F.
Females tended to be more evenly distributed in their choice of sneaker, therefore fitting the expected distribution
We accredit this to the lack of major female endorsement among sneaker brands
Application
We found that it was simple to collect the data because the students were so concentrated as they exited the cafeteria.
It was difficult to sample every 5th person, but not impossible.
We were not surprised by our results.
Sources of Error
Seasons Involuntary
Human Error Sample Method:
Not technically random
Not everyone goes to lunch
People in more than one lunch
D-Lunch-Early Release
Gym Hallway Gym Classes