SNEAK PEEK: Big Guns, Brave Men: Mobile Artillery Observers and the Battle for Okinawa
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Transcript of SNEAK PEEK: Big Guns, Brave Men: Mobile Artillery Observers and the Battle for Okinawa
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T F B @ G U G N T A Z N A R F @
K F D E A G N T R E A A G T U F D Y G T \ G T Y
N @ B R M G D N R R A G L F T F C E @ N Z N
@N\NA E @ Y R E R W R GX T G Y Y
N@ @ N XF A E Y , KNTU A N@ B
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@ E X45> Zffb TfnbN``npfaes, KB 4>284
48>9 dy Tfb`gy Gnra Znatf`
Naa rejmts rgsgrvgb. @f pnrt f tmes dffc kny dg rgprfbuigb fruteaezgb e` n`y frk fr dy n`y kgn`s, gagitrf`ei fr kgimn`eina,e`iaube`j pmftfifpye`j n`b rgifrbe`j, fr dy n`y e`frkntef`stfrnjg n`b rgtregvna systgk, wetmfut pgrkessef` e` wrete`j
rfk tmg pudaesmgr.
Aedrnry f If`jrgss Intnafje`j-e`-Xudaeintef` Bntn
Znatf`, Tfb`gy Gnra. Dej ju`s, drnvg kg` ? kfdeag nrteaagry fdsgrvgrs n`b tmgdnttag fr Fce`nwn / Tfb`gy Gnra Znatf`. pnjgs ik E`iaubgs dedaefjrnpmeina rggrg`igs n`b e`bgx. EYD@ ---- (mnrbifvgr ? nac. pnpgr)
EYD@ ---- (g-dffc) . Zfrab Znr, Inkpnej`sOnpn`Fce`nwn Esan`b. . Zfrab Znr,Nrteaagry fpgrntef`s, Nkgrein`. . W`etgb Ytntgs.NrkyNrteaagryMestfrytm ig`tury. . Nrte aagrykg`W`etgb YtntgsMestfrytm ig`tury. E. etag.B..FZ
.'bi
Res pnpgr kggts tmg rgquergkg`ts f N@YE/@EYF z95.2=->554 (Xgrkn`g`ig f Xnpgr).
Xre`tgb e` tmg W`etgb Ytntgs f Nkgrein.
4> 48 >5 >= >: >< >7 >2 >9 5 = : < 7 2 9 4 >
Lerst pre`te`j
Dffc bgsej` n`b ifkpfsetef`? Bnveb Naifr`, Naifr` Xudaeintef` Bgsej`
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Rf tmg kgkdgrs fl tmg W.Y. Nrky nrteaagry lfrwnrb
fdsgrvntef` tgnks n`b nrteaagry aenesf` tgnks wmf
knbg tmg uatekntg snireig lfr tmger `ntef` bure`j
tmg dnttag lfr Fce`nwn, NpreaOu`g >527
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\ E E
Aest f Knps n`b Imnrts ex
Nic`fwagbjkg`ts xe
E`trfbuitef` 7
IMNXRGT >. E`vg te`j tmg Nkgrein` Kfdeag Nrteaagry Fdsgrvgr 49
IMNXRGT 4. Xrgaubg tf Fce`nwn 99
IMNXRGT 9. Gnstgr E`vnsef` 29
IMNXRGT 2. Nssnuat f` Cncnzu Tebjg 79
IMNXRGT 7. Bneay Aeg 47
IMNXRGT >8.Nlgrkntm >27
Nppg`bex. Kgkfregs f Ifkdnt Aeg >7:
@ftgs >7
I F @ R G @ R Y
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E ]
KN X Y
KNX > Ytrntgjei Yetuntef` e` tmg Xniei >
KNX 4 Fce`nwn 4
KNX 9 Tfutg f tmg tm Bevesef` 9
KNX 2 Rg E`vnsef` f Fce`nwn 24
KNX 7 Cncnzu Tebjg 72
KNX
KNX = Iafse`j e` f` Ymure 5=
KNX 5 Frfcu n`b Ungou-Bncg (Dej Nppag) >88 Rg G`b f Frjn`ezgb Tgsestn`ig f` Fce`nwn >>7
I M N T R Y
IMNTR N Lere`j Dnttgry Ytruiturg
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] E
N I C @ F Z A G B J K G @ R Y
Aecg kn`y mestfreina niifu`ts, tmes dffc ifuab `ft mnvg dgg` wrettg`
wetmfut tmg nssestn`ig f `ukgrfus pgfpag. Br. Dfyb A. Bnstrup, ifk-
kn`b mestfren` nt tmg W.Y. Nrky Lergs Ig`tgr f Gxigaag`ig nt Lfrt Yeaa(Fcanmfkn), wns pnrteiuanray jrniefus e` prfvebe`j u`pudaesmgb kn`u-
sirepts rfk tmg Kfrres Ywgtt Aedrnry nt Lfrt Yeaa. Br. Bnstrup, n agnbe`j
nutmfrety f` tmg mestfry f nrteaagry, vgrdnaay suppagkg`tgb twf f mes
pudaesmgb niifu`ts wetm dnicjrfu`b e`frkntef` f` tmg bgvgafpkg`t
f tmg Nkgrein` nrteaagry frwnrb fdsgrvgr bure`j tmg pgrefb dgtwgg`
Zfrab Znr E n`b Zfrab Znr EE.
Dginusg et rgaegs anrjgay f` frna mestfry, tmes wfrc ifuab ft mnvg dgg`
irgntgb wetmfut tmg weaae`j`gss f sgvgrna Zfrab Znr EE vgtgrn`s tf bes-iuss tmger rgifaagitef`s wetm kg. N aest f tmg vgtgrn`s in` dg fu`b nt tmg
g`b f tmes wfrc. Ky tmn`cs jf fut tf naa f tmgk.
E` aejmt f tmg `ukdgr f insunategs f` Fce`nwn, E gat pnrteiuanray
frtu`ntg tf mnvg afintgb n gw ekpfrtn`t sfurigs (e`iaube`j Ymgnmn`,
Kfy`emn`, Dfaae`jgr, C`utsf`, Rfkpsf`, n`b Znatf`) wmf pnrteie-
pntgb e` tmg g`terg dnttag rfk tmg dgje``e`j tf tmg g`b. F tmgsg, f`ay
Znatf` rgigevgb gvg` n ke`fr wfu`b, n`b mg wns `gvgr fut f nitef`.
F ifursg, sfurigs wmf sgrvgb f`ay n pfrtef` f tmg inkpnej` nasf knbg
sej`ein`t if`tredutef`s tfwnrb ky u`bgrstn`be`j f tmg dnttag.
F`g sfurig ekpfrtn`t tmrfujmfut tmes niifu`t es n sgregs f agt-
tgrs wrettg` dy nrteaagry frwnrb fdsgrvgr Tny B. Znatf` Or. (Aegutg`n`t
Znatf`), ky ntmgr. F`ay f`g f tmg agttgrs wns wrettg` wmeag tmg dnttag f
Fce`nwn wns u`bgr wny, n`b tmg e`frkntef` et if`tne`s wns, fr sgiu-
rety n`b ig`sfrsmep rgnsf`s, rgantevgay u`ekpfrtn`t. Znatf`, mfwgvgr,
prgpnrgb n`ftmgr sgregs f agttgrs tf kgkdgrs f mes nkeay dgje``e`jgnray e` (tmg legtm n``evgrsnry f tmg dnttag) tmnt rgifu`t gvg`ts
dgfrg, bure`j, n`b nlgr tmg dnttag. Znatf`s agttgrs fgr n iagnr vegw f
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] E E N I C @FZA G B JKG@ R Y
tmg mukn` nspgits f n frwnrb fdsgrvgrs bneay aeg e` tmg gab bure`j
tmg Fce`nwn inkpnej`.
E e`tgrvegwgb Znatf` f` vebgftnpg e` faafwe`j mes rst rgtur`veset tf Fce`nwn. Mg wns e`tgrvegwgb njne` e` Ou`g bure`j mes sgi-
f`b rgtur` veset ns pnrt f tmg ifkkgkfrntef` igrgkf`egs. N pfrtef`
f tmes sgif`b e`tgrvegw, if`buitgb dy Nssfientg Xrfgssfr N. X. Og`ce`s
f tmg W`evgrsety f tmg Tyucyus, wns pudaesmgb e` n prgbfke`n`tay
Onpn`gsg-an`junjg dffcagt if`tne`e`j kgkfregs f tmg lgg` ygnrs bur-
e`j wmeim Onpn` wns g`jnjgb e` wnr wetm Ime`n n`b ftmgr `ntef`s bur-
e`j tmg s n`b s.
Znatf`s kgkfregs f Fce`nwn nrg u`frtu`ntgay e`ifkpagtg. Ftmgrtmn` tmg Nprea , , an`be`js n`b tmg Nprea , , nssnuat f` Cncnzu
Tebjg, mg ifuab rgifaagit aettag f mes fdsgrvntef` tgnks rfag e` tmg sge-
zurg f cgy fdogitevgs f tmg tm E`n`try Bevesef` suim ns Mnicsnw (fr
Ynwtfftm) Tebjg, If`eina Meaa, tmg Dej Nppag, n`b tmg Kgbggrn pficgt.
Mg wns u`ndag tf suppay bntgs n`b afintef`s fr tmg pmftfjrnpms rfk
mes ifaagitef` tmnt nrg e`iaubgb e` tmes niifu`t, natmfujm tmg bry`gss f
tmg an`bsinpg gaeke`ntgs tmg pgrefb wmg` tmgrg wgrg mgnvy rne`s (antg
Knygnray Ou`g ).
wf ekpfrtn`t kgkdgrs f Znatf`s frwnrb fdsgrvntef` tgnk, Lrgb
Jfgdga n`b Jgfrjg Nr`fab, wgrg dgaegvgb tf dg bgignsgb n`b tmgrgfrg
ifuab `ft dg e`tgrvegwgb, dut E beb mnvg niigss tf twf f Jfgdgas agttgrs
rfk Ou`g . Jfgdga wns n` g`aestgb kn` wmf wns tmg sgif`b e` ifk-
kn`b f Znatf`s gab fdsgrvntef` tgnk fr kfst f tmg dnttag. Rg agt-
tgrs sny aettag ndfut tmg dnttag dut nrg sej`ein`t e` tmnt tmgy bgkf`strntg
tmg insunategs dge`j tncg` dy tmg nrteaagrykg` f D Dnttgry. Rg agttgrs
nasf rgvgna sfkgtme`j ndfut tmg rgantef`smep dgtwgg` figrs n`b kg`
e` tmg frwnrb fdsgrvntef` tgnks.
E if`buitgb n ag`jtmy e`tgrvegw wetm Imnrags Ymgnmn`, n` nrteaagry
figr wmf wns rfk tmg snkg nrteaagry dnttnaef` ns Znatf` n`b prfvebgb
nrteaagry suppfrt tf tmg snkg st E`n`try Tgjekg`t. E nasf e`tgrvegwgb
Bf`nab Durreaa, f`g f Ymgnmn`s sudfrbe`ntg fdsgrvgrs, if`igr`e`j mes
mgrfei if`buit gnray e` tmg inkpnej`. Imnrags X. Kfy`emn`s e`tgrvegw
prfvebgs tmg pfe`t f vegw f n` g`aestgb nrteaagrykn`. E` nbbetef` tfDfaae`jgr, E e`tgrvegwgb twf ftmgr e`n`trykg` rfk tmg `b Dnttnaef`,
dftm rfk tmg g`aestgb rn`cs.
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N I C @FZA G B JKG@ R Y ] E E E
wf vesets tf tmg dnttaggabs f Fce`nwn, niifkpn`egb f` dftm fiin-
sef`s dy Znatf`, if`tredutgb bgtneas ndfut tmg dnttaggab setgs. Bure`j
tmg rst veset, e` , wg wgrg preveagjgb tf mnvg ns fur juebg Ks.Ygtsucf E`nucu, n `ntevg Fce`nwn` wmf mnb survevgb tmg dnttag ns n`
e`n`t. Dginusg tmgrg es steaa n anrjg if`te`jg`t f Knre`gs f` Fce`nwn,
tmes juebg `frknaay fiusgb mgr tfurs f` tmg nrgns wmgrg tmg Knre`gs
fujmt, dut smg wns ce`b g`fujm tf tncg us tf sfkg f tmg nrgns wmgrg
tmg Nrky fujmt ns wgaa.
N sgif`b trep, e` , f` tmg legtm n``evgrsnry f tmg dnttag,
fiusgb f` nrgns wmgrg tmg tm Bevesef` mnb fujmt. Res e`iaubgb n
veset tf tmg `gnrdy esan`b f Eg Ymekn, wmgrg tmg tm Bevesef` fujmtn`b wmgrg tmg nkfus `gwspnpgr ifrrgspf`bg`t Gr`eg Xyag begb. Rg
tfur wns spf`sfrgb dy \nafr furs n`b juebgb dy W.Y. sgrveigkg` stn-
tef`gb f` tmg esan`b f Fce`nwn. E pnrteiuanray wn`t tf tmn`c Bf`nab
Bg`icgr, n tm Bevesef` vgtgrn` f tmg dnttag n`b antgr tmg nutmfr f n`
e`n`trykn s kgkfer f tmg dnttag.
Ygvgrna kgkdgrs f tmg tfur jrfup wgrg vgtgrn`s f tmg tm
Bevesef`. Bure`j tmes trep Iurt Yprgimgr, n` e`n`trykn` rfk tmg dnt-
tnaef` suppfrtgb dy At. Znatf`, besiussgb mes rgifaagitef`s f tmg dnttag
f` tmg vgry setg wmgrg mg mnb dgg` wmg` n` nrteaagry fdsgrvntef` figr
wns ceaagb gnrdy.
Nasf niifkpn`ye`j tmg tfur jrfup wgrg Zeaaenk I. Duic`gr n`b
Knry Duic`gr Drudncgr, tmg sf` n`b bnujmtgr f At. Jg`. Yekf` Dfaevnr
Duic`gr Or. wmf ce`bay knbg nvneandag tf tfur kgkdgrs tmg jg`grnas agt-
tgrs wrettg` e` iafsg prfxekety tf n`b bure`j tmg Fce`nwn inkpnej`. Rg
tm Bevesef` Nssfientef` (gspgienaay trgnsurgr Tfdgrt Yimkebt n`b mes-
tfren` Bf`nab Bg`icgr) wns mgapua e` bergite`j kg tf tmg npprfprentg
vgtgrn`s tf e tgrvegw. Natmfujm tmgy kny `ft mnvg njrggb wetm naa f ky
if`iausef`s, Bg`icgr, rgtergb Knre`g Ifrps ifaf`ga Ofsgpm Nagxn`bgr,
n`b nttfr`gy Nan` Imrestg`gab prfvebgb mgapua nssestn`ig dy ifk-
kg`te`j f` n brnl f ky bessgrtntef`. Ky sestgr-e`-anw Xgjjy Znatf`
mgapgb prffrgnb f`g brnl. Natmfujm Br. Grei Aggb rgtergb rfk tmg
Lafrebn E`tgr`ntef`na W`evgrsety Mestfry Bgpnrtkg`t dgfrg E mnb dgju`
tmg Xm.B. prfjrnk n`b tmus beb ft sgrvg f` ky bessgrtntef` ifkkettgg,mg `f`gtmgagss e`trfbuigb kg tf frna mestfry n`b sfkg f ets tgim`equgs
dy naafwe`j kg tf nssest f` f`g f mes prfogits bure`j tmg s.
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] E \ N I C @FZA G B JKG@ R Y
Res dffc mns ets freje`s e` ky jrnbuntg wfrc nt Lafrebn E`tgr`ntef`na
W`evgrsety. Yimfanrs sggce`j kfrg bgtneagb bfiukg`tntef` f tmes
niifu`t kny wesm tf rggr tf ky bessgrtntef`, wmeim es aestgb e` tmg dedae-fjrnpmy. Br. Bnrbg` Xyrf`, tmg freje`na fu`be`j kgkdgr f tmg Mestfry
Bgpnrtkg`t, u`bgrtffc tmg f`grfus tnsc f bergite`j ky rgsgnrim prfo-
git n`b sgrve`j ns imner f ky bessgrtntef` ifkkettgg. Mg mnb netm e`
tmg ninbgkei agjetekniy f tmes prfogit af`j dgfrg E beb. Kfrg tmn`
n bfzg` ygnrs njf (n`b wgaa dgfrg E dginkg n Xm.B. stubg`t e` mes-
tfry), Br. Xyrf` g`ifurnjgb kg tf if`sebgr gxpn`be`j ky rgsgnrim f`
Fce`nwn. Gnim bessgrtntef` ifkkettgg kgkdgr if`tredutgb ns wgaa.
Br. Jwy` Bnvegs g`ifurnjgb kg tf gxnke`g tmg bgvgafpkg`t f tmgfrwnrb fdsgrvgr wetme` tmg nrteaagry drn`im. Br. Cg``gtm Aepnrtetf
g`ifurnjgb kg tf g`reim tmg sfiena mestfry f tmg Fce`nwn inkpnej` dy
gxnke`e`j tmg bneay aeg gxpgreg`igs f tmg fdsgrvgrs. Br. Tnapm Iagk, n
beste`juesmgb keaetnry vgtgrn`, g`ifurnjgb kg tf gxnke`g tmg ekpnit f
reg`bay rg e` tmg iruiedag f tmg Fce`nwn inkpnej`. E nk e`bgdtgb tf
tmg g`terg ifkkettgg. N`y grrfrs, f ifursg, nrg ke`g naf`g.
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Knp>.
Ytrntgjei
Yet
untef`
e`
tmg
Xniei
Nbnptntef`dyImnragsJ
rgnrdnsgbf`knpEe`TfyG.Nppagkn`,OnkgsK.Dur`s,T
ussgaaN.Jujgagr,n`b
Ofm`Ytgvg`s,Fce`nwn?RgAnstDnttag(Znsme`jtf`,B.I.?Ig`tgrflKeaetnryM
estfry,,).
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Knp 4. Fce`nwnNbnptntef` dy Imnrags Jrgnr dnsgb f` knp e` Fran`bf T. Bnvebsf`, O. Inra
Zeaagks, n`b Ofsgpm N. Cnma, Rg Bgnbgygs? Rg Ytfry fl tmg tm E`ln`try Bevesef`
(@nsmveaag? Dnttgry Xrgss, , ).
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Knp 9.Tfutg fl tmg 5
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7
Z
frab Znr EE () wns tmg anrjgst n`b bgnbaegst if`ffleit e` mes-
tfry. Rg Xniei tmgntgr naf`g wns n knssevg u`bgrtnce`j. Rg
frigs tmnt fujmt tmgrgOnpn`gsg, Nkgrein`s, n`b tmger rgspgi-tevg naaegskfdeaezgb keaaef`s f pgfpag wmf fujmt fvgr n vnst nrgn f`g
n`b n mna tekgs tmg sezg f tmg Gurfpgn` tmgntgr fr nakfst fur ygnrs.
Lfaafwe`j tmg bgvnstnte`j nttnic nt Xgnra Mnrdfr e` , Nkgrein` frigs
fujmt tmger wny nirfss tmg Ig`trna n`b Yfutmgr` Xniei, esan`b dy esan`b,
e` tmg nig f stnu`im Onpn`gsg rgsestn`ig. Zmg` tmg jrgnt if`ffleit wns `-
esmgb, twg`ty keaaef` pgfpag mnb pgresmgb e` tmg Ime`n-Xniei tmgntgr.
F tmg kn`y Xniei dnttags, Fce`nwn stn`bs fut ns dftm tmg `na
knofr Nkgrein` an`b dnttag f Zfrab Znr EE n`b tmg jrgntgst ner-sgn dnt-
tag e` mestfry. Onpn`gsg rgsestn`ig anstgb kfrg tmn` gejmty bnys, dgtwgg`
Nprea n`b Ou`g . Rg futifkg f tmg Xniei wnr wns nt stncg3 Fce`nwn
wfuab prfvebg Nkgrein` frigs wetm tmg `nvna pfrt n`b ner dnsgs `gigs-
snry fr tmg n`teiepntgb e`vnsef` f Onpn`. Fce`nwn mns nasf dgg` inaagb
tmg daffbegst an`b dnttag f tmg Xniei wnr3 , Nkgrein`s begb tmgrg,
n`b tmg tftna W.Y. insunategs, e`iaube`j wfu`bgb n`b `f`dnttag insunategs,
`ukdgrgb kfrg tmn` ,.Rg fiena W.Y. Nrky mestfry f tmg dnt-
tag gstekntgb , Onpn`gsg bgntms wetm f`ay , Onpn`gsg presf`grs
inpturgb. N` gstekntgb , Fce`nwn` ieveaen`s wgrg ceaagb ns wgaa.
N mna ig`tury nlgr tmg dnttag, n` Nkgrein` strntgjei n`nayst imnr-
nitgrezgb tmg Onpn`gsg ifkkn`bgr, At. Jg`. Ketsuru Wsmeoekn, n`b
mes frigs f` Fce`nwn ns tmg dgst tmg Onpn`gsg mnb.Ifa. Merfkeime
Unmnrn, f`g f tmg mejmgst-rn`ce`j Onpn`gsg figrs tf survevg tmg dnttag,
bgsiredgb et ns tmg wfrst jmte`j f tmg Xniei wnr, ets sustne`gb e`tg`-
sety surpnsse`j gvg` tmg drutna ifkdnt f nrnwn, Xgagaeu, n`b Ewf Oekn.
Fce`nwn wns tmg f`ay dnttag f tmg Xniei wnr e` wmeim tmg ifkkn`be`j
jg`grnas f` dftm sebgs afst tmger aevgs.
E @ R T F B W I R E F @
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< E @ R T F BWI R E F @
Legab nrteaagry panygb n ireteina rfag e` tmg dnttag. Natmfujm tmg
Onpn`gsg nrky mnb trnbetef`naay gkpmnsezgb aejmt e`n`try tniteis,
Fce`nwn sej`nagb n smel tfwnrb nrteaagry.
Rg Onpn`gsg bespntimgb f`gf tmger kfst rgspgitgb nrteaagry gxpgrts, At. Jg`. Znbn Cfsucg, tf ifk-
kn`b tmg esan`bs dej ju`s.Rgy nasf if`ig`trntgb kfrg nrteaagry pegigs
f` Fce`nwn tmn` n`ywmgrg gasg e` tmg Xniei.At. Jg`. Yekf` Dfaevnr
Duic`gr Or., tmg Nkgrein` ifkkn`bgr f` Fce`nwn n`b tmg mejmgst-
rn`ce`j W.Y. figr tf beg e` ifkdnt bure`j Zfrab Znr EE, wns ceaagb dy
Onpn`gsg nrteaagry rg.
E` tmg gvg`t, W.Y. nrteaagry kntimgb tmg Onpn`gsg e` e`tg`sety n`b sur-
pnssgb et e` ggitevg`gss. Et wns `f niiebg`t tmnt Nkgrein` nrteaagryprfvgb supgrefr. Rg rfu`b-tmg-iafic prgsg`ig f nrteaagry fdsgrvgrs
prfvebgb Nkgrein` e`n`try wetm kuim nstgr nrteaagry suppfrt tmn` tmg
sex-mfur tekg anj rgpfrtgb fr tmg Onpn`gsg nrky.Rg W.Y. Nrkys usg
f frwnrb nrteaagry fdsgrvgrs wns nt agnst e` pnrt n` gfrt tf nvfeb tmg
nrteaagry reg`bay rg prfdagks tmnt mnb fiiurrgb e` sfkg nrkegs bur-
e`j Zfrab Znr E. Res dffc gxnke`gs f`g sfurig f Nkgrein` nrteaagry
supgrefrety f` Fce`nwn, e` pnrteiuanr, rf`tae`g nrteaagry suppfrt. Kfrg
spgieinaay, et n`nayzgs tmg rfag f W.Y. Nrky frwnrb nrteaagry fdsgrvgrs,
n metmgrtf u`bgrstubegb pnrt f tmg dnttag n`b f tmg wnr etsga.
Nrteaagry fdsgrvgrs wgrg fr tmg kfst pnrt keb-agvga, kebbag-ianss
figrs wetmfut n jrgnt bgna f ifkdnt gxpgreg`ig dut e`tgaaejg`t g`fujm
tf kncg tmg inaiuantef`s `gigssnry tf prfvebg niiurntg nrteaagry sup-
pfrt. Rgy wegabgb n bgnbay wgnpf` tmnt ifuab e`ffleit mujg bnknjg
f` reg`bay ns wgaa ns g`gky frigs. Aecg tmg e`n`trykg` tmgy wfrcgb
naf`jsebg, tmgy nigb if`stn`t bn`jgr. Ifkpagx rgantef smeps frk wmg`
rgantevgay e`gxpgreg`igb keb-rn`ce`j kg` rfk n begrg`t ifkdnt nrk
nrg ekdgbbgb wetme` n vgtgrn` e`n`try u`et (wetm aettag tfagrn`ig fr
grrfr) e` n ifkdnt setuntef`.
Res dffc es e`tg`bgb tf uaaa sex jfnas. Rg rst jfna es tf suppag-
kg`t Fce`nwn? Rg Anst Dnttag, dy Tfy Nppagkn`, Onkgs Dur`s, Tussgaa
Jujgagr, n`b Ofm` Ytgvg`s, wmeim bgspetg tmg pnssnjg f sexty ygnrs
rgkne`s tmg Dedag f tmg inkpnej`.N` gnray rgvegwgr `ftgb tmnt tmg
dffc rgprgsg`tgb tmg uatekntg bgvgafpkg`t f . . . kgtmfbs gkpafygbdy tmg Znr Bgpnrtkg`t tf fdtne` mestfreina ifvgrnjg f fpgrntef`s.
Natmfujm Nppagkn`s wfrc dgnrs tmg tne`t f dge`j n` fiena mestfry,
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et rgprgsg`ts tmg npgx f tmnt typg f niifu`t. N`ftmgr prfke`g`t rgvegwgr
`ftgb tmnt Fce`nwn wns `ft f`ay tmg anst n`b jrgntgst an`b dnttag e` tmg
Xniei3 et wns nasf tmg rst e` wmeim trne`gb mestfreina pgrsf``ga wgrgnttnimgb tf bevesef`s, ifrps, n`b nrky. Kno. Tfy Nppagkn` sgrvgb
f` tmg sig`g ns tmg mestfren` fr ]]E\ Ifrps, tmg mgnbqunrtgrs fr naa
W.Y. Nrky kn`guvgr u`ets f` tmg esan`b. Inpt. Imnrags Ymgnmn` inaagb
Nppagkn`s ifvgrnjg f tmg st E`n`try Tgjekg`ttmg u`et Ymgnmn`
mnb suppfrtgbvgry ifkpagtg.Nppagkn`s gxtg`sevg knps naf`g nrg
wfrtm tmg preig f tmg dffc.
Nppagkn`s tgxt mns ekprgssevg strg`jtmspnrteiuanray e` ets ifvgr-
njg f e`n`try n`b nrkfr fpgrntef`s. Et gkpmnsezgs tn`c-e`n`try tgnksns ig`trna tf tmg Nkgrein` veitfry, iete`j tmg ekpfrtn`ig f tmg fflnkg
n`b bgkfaetef` tmnt bgstrfygb tmg Onpn`gsg e` tmger strf`jmfabs. Dfd
Jrgg`, n` nrkfr aegutg`n`t e` tmg dnttag f Fce`nwn, wrftg e`
tmnt tmg usg f tmgsg bendfaeina knime`gs Sfflnkg-tmrfwe`j tn`cs[ if`-
tredutgb kfrg tf tmg bggnt f tmg Onpn`gsg f` Fce`nwn tmn` n`y ftmgr
Nkgrein` wgnpf`. Jg`grna Duic`gr inaagb tmes kgtmfb f ifkde`e`j
aequeb fflnkg n`b gxpafsevgs tmg dafwtfrim n`b ifrcsirgw kgtmfb.
Kfst f tmg tgxts wrettg` nlgr Nppagkn`s, e`iaube`j e` tmg twg`ty-rst
ig`tury, aecgwesg rgfflgit tmg vegwpfe`t f tmg e`n`trykg` wmf fujmt f`
Fce`nwn n`b gkpmnsezg tmg nrkfr n`b e`n`try nspgits f tmg dnttag.
Bgspetg ets af`jgvety ns tmg ianssei niifu`t f tmg dnttag, Nppagkn`s
dffc mns ets wgnc`gssgs. F`g es tmnt et bfw`panys tmg rfag f nrteaagry rga-
ntevg tf tmnt f e`n`try. Imgstgr Ytnrr, n prfke`g`t mestfren` f n`ieg`t
Gurfpg n`b n mestfren` f tmg W.Y. Nrkys Zfrab Znr EE Etnaen` ink-
pnej`, ireteiezgb tmg dffc fr jeve`j tmg ekprgssef` tmnt nrteaagry prgpn-
rntef`s wgrg f budefus vnaug3 f`ay wmg` n` fdsgrvgr ifuab nitunaay sgg
n spgiei tnrjgt wgrg gvg` -e`im dnttagsmep smgaas f usg. Onkgs N.
Legab Or. sekeanray qugstef`gb Nppagkn`s trgntkg`t f nrteaagry, `fte`j
Nppagkn`s neaurg tf e`beintg mfw ifkkn`bgrs rgqugstgb nrteaagry rg
n`b mfw queicay tmg nrteaagry rgspf`bgb.N`ftmgr rgvegwgr nasf ifk-
pane`gb ndfut Nppagkn`s neaurg tf mejmaejmt tmg nrteaagrys if`tredu-
tef`s tf tmg dnttag.
Yuim ireteiesks nrg vnaeb. Jg`grna Duic`gr faafwgb frtmfbfx W.Y.Nrky bfitre`g, wmeim rgaegb f` tmg usg f mgnvy nrteaagry tf gaeke`ntg
g`gky rgsestn`ig. F` Nprea , , fr gxnkpag, Duic`gr wrftg tf
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mes weg? Rg nrteaagry es dgje``e`j tf rfnr bfw` nt tmg rf`t n`b pnrn-
imutg fflnrgs nrg aejmte`j up tmg wmfag scy. Res prfdnday kgn`s tmnt tmg
Onps nrg putte`j f` n `ejmt ifu`tgr-nttnic. E mfpg sf se`ig tmes weaa dre`jtmgk fut f tmger invgs n`b wg in` usg fur nrteaagry f` tmgk wetm jffb
ggit. Rg dnttag f Fce`nwn, niifrbe`j tf tmg nutmfrs f tmg tm
E`n`try Bevesef` mestfry, tmus prfbuigb tmg jrgntgst nrteaagry bugas e`
tmg wnr njne`st tmg Onpn`gsg. @gwspnpgrkg` panigb et f` pnr wetm tmg
jrgnt nrteaagry dnttags e` tmg Gurfpgn` tmgntgr.E`bggb, Duic`gr ireteis
suim ns Jg`. Ofsgpm \e`gjnr Ofg Yteawgaa fdogitgb tf mes mgnvy gkpmn-
ses f` nrteaagry.
Rg sgif`b jfna, e` nbbetef` tf jeve`j nrteaagry ets rejmtua panig e`tmg dnttag fr Fce`nwn, es tf eaauke`ntg tmg Fce`nwn inkpnej` rfk tmg
pfe`t f vegw f tmg kg` wmf prfvebgb rf`tae`g nrteaagry suppfrt tf
W.Y. Nrky e`n`try u`ets. Mestfren` Fran`bf Bnvebsf` inaagb tmgsg kg`
nkf`j tmg agnst rgifj`ezgb mgrfgs f tmg wnr, n`b C. X. Of`gs, n frwnrb
fdsgrvgr e` tmg Gurfpgn` tmgntgr, njrggb tmnt aettag mns dgg` sneb fr
wrettg` ndfut tmger gxpafets. Ugt, twf ninbgkei mestfren`s wrete`j n sur-
vgy f Zfrab Znr EE bgsiredgb tmg frwnrb fdsgrvntef` tgnk ns prfdn-
day tmg se`jag kfst ggitevg ceaagr e` jrfu`b ifkdnt, n`b Dfyb Bnstrup
`ftgs tmnt tmg nppgnrn`ig f `gw rg if`trfa tgim`equgs n`b pfrtndag
gab rnbefs prfvebgb tmg kfst strece`j begrg`ig dgtwgg` Zfrab Znr EE
n`b Zfrab Znr E gab nrteaagry inpndeaetegs.
Nrteaagry fdsgrvgrs fpgrntgb e` sknaa jrfups inaagb frwnrb fdsgrvgr
tgnks n`b aenesf` tgnks tmnt wgrg stntef`gb `gnr tmg ae`g f dnttag etsga.
Rg kfdeag frwnrb fdsgrvgr `ft f`ay sgrvgb ns tmg gygs f tmg nrtea-
agry, mg nasf mgapgb ftmgr sgrveig drn`imgs ns wgaa. Gvg` e` panigs aecg
Fce`nwn, wmgrg tmg gxtg`sevg Onpn`gsg u`bgrjrfu`b frteintef`s agss-
g`gb tmg ggit f nrteaagry, n ifkde`gb nrks npprfnim wns n` gssg`-
tena e`jrgbeg`t tf veitfry. Ns tmg f`ay nrteaagrykn` wmf ifuab sgg wmnt
tmg kn`guvgr ifkkn`bgr wns sgge`j, tmg frwnrb fdsgrvgr tmus tegb
tfjgtmgr tmg vnrefus ifkdnt nrks.Rg frwnrb fdsgrvgr mnb tf u`bgr-
stn`b `ft f`ay mfw tmg nrteaagry u`itef`gb dut nasf mfw tmg e`n`try (fr
nrkfr) fpgrntgb.Zetmfut mes iffrbe`nte`j gfrts, frwnrb prfjrgss
f` tmg dnttaggab wns beiuat e`bggb. Gnraegr dffcs f` tmg sudogit f tmgNkgrein` frwnrb fdsgrvgr trgnt tmg Gurfpgn`@frtm Nrein` tmgntgr
gxiausevgay.Res dffc ifkpagtgs tmg peiturg.
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Rerb, tmes wfrc gxpafrgs tmg prfdagk f reg`bay rg. Zmg` tmes prfo-
git wns if`igevgb e` tmg s, E mnb `f pan`s tf ifvgr tmes tfpei. Rg
sudogit f smfrt rfu`bs, mfwgvgr, bgvgafpgb e`tf n ireteina pnrt f tmgdffc. Rg essug wns f fdvefus ekpfrtn`ig dginusg tmg nrteaagrykg`
tmgksgavgs (ns wgaa ns sfkg f tmg e`n`trykg`) if`sestg`tay vfau`tggrgb
e`frkntef` f` tmes pfe`t, iete`j reg`bay rg ns n if`stn`t sfurig f prgs-
surg f` tmg fdsgrvgrs. F`g tm Bevesef` fdsgrvgr, n vgtgrn` f Agytg
n`b Fce`nwn, rginaagb tmnt et wns `grvg-wrnice`j gnre`j tf rg f`
yfur fw` e`n`try. Rn`c Jfb et `gvgr mnppg`gb tf kg.Lurtmgrkfrg,
reg`bay rg wns prfke`g`tay besiussgb e` tmg bneay rgpfrts prgpnrgb dy
keaetnry u`ets wmeag tmg nitef` wns steaa rnje`j e` 3 n`b ygt tmg gxest-e`j Fce`nwn aetgrnturg anrjgay ej`frgs et.
Rg furtm jfna f tmes dffc es tf ifrrgit n mestfreina ekdnan`ig.
Bgspetg ets knj`etubg, nr agss nttg`tef` mns dgg` pneb tf tmg Fce`nwn
inkpnej` tmn` tf Ewf Oekn, Junbnain`na, n`b nrnwn. Gvg` nt tmg
tekg et wns tnce`j panig, tmg Fce`nwn inkpnej` wns fvgrsmnbfwgb dy
suim gnrtm-smnce`j gvg`ts ns tmg bgntm f Xrgsebg t Lrn`cae` Tffsgvgat
n`b tmg surrg`bgr f Jgrkn`y. Ymfrtay nlgr tmg inkpnej` g`bgb, tmg
Xftsbnk If`grg`ig, tmg ntfkei dfkd, n`b tmg surrg`bgr f Onpn`
ekkgbentgay ndsfrdgb tmg pudaeis nttg`tef`. Lfr tff kn`y pgfpag,
tmg Xniei wnr if`sests preknreay f Xgnra Mnrdfr, Ewf Oekn, n`b tmg
ntfkei dfkds.
Lelm, tmes dffc nbbrgssgs n`ftmgr ce`b f ekdnan`ig prgsg`t gvg` e`
tmg gxeste`j aetgrnturg f` Fce`nwn. Kuim f wmnt mns dgg` wrettg` ndfut
tmg inkpnej` ig`tgrs f` tmg nitevetegs f tmg W.Y. Knre`g Ifrps.E`bggb,
tmg ianssei niifu`t f n Zfrab Znr EE e`n`trykn` es G. D. Yagbjgs Zetm
tmg Fab Drggb nt Xgagaeu n`b Fce`nwn(). Rg `nvna nspgits f tmg dnt-
tag, wmeim wgrg sudstn`tena, mnvg nasf dgg` rgifu`tgb.Gvg` tmg Onpn`gsg
vegwpfe`t mns dgg` pudaesmgb, bgspetg tmg bgstruitef` f pgrig t f tmg
Onpn`gsg nrky.Rg an`b inkpnej` f` Fce`nwn, mfwgvgr, wns preknreay
n` Nrky dnttag n`b wns ifkkn`bgb dy n` Nrky jg`grna.
@f se`jag dffc, f ifursg, in` ifvgr tmg gxpgreg`igs f naa tmg W.Y.
Nrky nrteaagrykg` f` Fce`nwn. Res wfrc fiusgs f` rg suppfrt rg`-
bgrgb tf f`g f tmg tm E`n`try Bevesef`s tmrgg e`n`try rgjekg`ts,tmg st E`n`try Tgjekg`t. N` e`n`try rgjekg`t ifkpresgb rfujmay
tmrgg tmfusn`b kg`. Rg u`et rgpfrt fr Nprea , tmg rst bny f
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tmg Fce`nwn inkpnej`smfws tmg st tf mnvg dgg` nutmfrezgb
figrs n`b , g`aestgb kg`, natmfujm et wns smfrt figrs n`b
g`aestgb kg` nt tmnt pfe`t. Rg rgjekg`t if`sestgb f tmrgg dnttna-ef`s f e`n`try, tmg st, `b, n`b rb, paus n mgnbqunrtgrs ifkpn`y, n`
n`tetn`c ifkpn`y, n in``f` ifkpn`y, n sgrveig ifkpn`y, n`b n kgbe-
ina bgtnimkg`t.Rg preknry nrteaagry rg suppfrt fr tmg st inkg
rfk tmg st Legab Nrteaagry Dnttnaef`, f`g f fur gab nrteaagry dnttna-
ef`s dgaf`je`j tf tmg tm Bevesef`. Rgsg fur dnttnaef`s rgb ,
rfu`bs bure`j tmg Fce`nwn inkpnej`. Rg frwnrb fdsgrvgrs n`b aene-
sf` figrs f tmg st flg` mnb nvneandag tf tmgk nrteaagry rg rfk
ftmgr sfurigs ns wgaa, e`iaube`j nbonig`t u`ets (Nrky, Knre`g Ifrps,n`b @nvy), Nrky ifrpsagvga nrteaagry, `nvna ju`rg, n`b tniteina ner
suppfrt.Res dffc es `ft e`tg`bgb tf dg n tgim`eina n`nayses f nrtea-
agry suppfrt e` tmg Fce`nwn inkpnej`3 e`stgnb et fiusgs f` tmg gxpgre-
g`ig f dnttag n`b tregs tf rgif`struit tmg nkdeg`ig n`b tmg imrf`fafjy
f rf`tae`g nrteaagry ifkdnt f` Fce`nwn.
Yextm, tmes dffc gxnke`gs tmg mukn` gxpgreg`ig f ifkdnt fr tmg
kg` wmf if`trfaagb tmg nwgsfkg rgpfwgr f Zfrab Znr EE nrteaagry.
Zmnt wgrg tmger ekprgssef`s, mfpgs, n`b gnrs6 Zmnt wgrg tmger sui-
igssgs n`b tmger neaurgs6 Zmnt if`igr`s steaa mnu`tgb tmgk wmg` tmgy
rgifrbgb tmger kgkfregs kfrg tmn` mna n ig`tury nlgr tmg inkpnej`
g`bgb6 Zmnt wns aeg aecg e` tmg kubby fxmfags n`b in`vns tg`ts f
tmg Fce`nwn inkpnej`6 Zmnt wgrg tmger rgantef`s wetm ftmgr kgk-
dgrs f tmg frwnrb fdsgrvntef` n`b aenesf` tgnks6 Zmnt wgrg tmger
rgantef`s wetm tmg e`n`try u`ets tmgy suppfrtgbe` pnrteiuanr wetm
tmg ifkkn`bgrs f tmfsg frkntef`s, wmf flg` sgt tmg njg`bn fr tmg
nrteaagry suppfrt6
E weaa nbbrgss tmgsg essugs imrf`fafjeinaay, dgje``e`j wetm tmg gvg`ts
agnbe`j up tf tmg e`vnsef` f Fce`nwn n`b g`be`j wetm tmg surrg`-
bgr f Onpn` e` Ygptgkdgr ns ifkdnt trffps rfk Fce`nwn wgrg
dge`j rgbgpafygb. Rg kfst bgtneagb ifvgrnjg es fr tmg pgrefb Nprea ,
(tmg e`vnsef` f Fce`nwn), tf Ou`g , (tmg g`b f frjn`ezgb
Onpn`gsg rgsestn`ig f` Fce`nwn).
Frna mestfry es ig`trna tf tmes niifu`t.
Rg usg f frna e`tgrvegwsdueabs f` n kgtmfbfafjy gstndaesmgb nt agnst ns gnray ns tmg Jrggc keae-
tnry mestfren`s f tmg lm ig`tury DI. Rg Jrggc mestfren` Ruiybebgs,
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wmf aevgb rfk ndfut DI tf ndfut DI, usgb frna mestfry tf ifa-
agit e`frkntef` fr mes nkfus niifu`t f tmg Xgafpf``gsen` Znr.
F`ay e` tmg keb-twg`tegtm ig`tury, mfwgvgr, beb frna mestfry ifkge`tf rgqug`t usg e` n kfbgr` keaetnry if`tgxt, e` if`ou`itef` wetm
tmg e`vg`tef` f tmg pfrtndag tnpg rgifrbgr n`b tmg rgnby nvneandeaety f
gbuintgb pgrsf``ga tf nit ns e`tgrvegwgrs. Rg typg f kfbgr` e`bus-
trena wnrnrg fujmt e` Zfrab Znr EE rgsuatgb e` knssevg insunategs n`b
mnb webgsprgnb sfiegtna ekpnits. Keaaef`s f frbe`nry e`bevebunas wgrg
if`sireptgb fr vfau`tggrgb tf jmt, n`b gnim sfabegr, sneafr, n`b ner pgr-
sf``ga mnb n u`equg gxpgreg`ig. Kfbgr` tgim`equgs f frna mestfry
mnvg knbg et pfssedag tf ifaagit n`b nrimevg tmger kgkfregs.E`tgrvegws wetm vgtgrn`s in` yegab rnjkg`ts f keaetnry mestfry af`j
nlgr n dnttag es fvgr.Keaetnry mestfren`s nrg wgaa nwnrg tmnt kgkfregs
nbg n`b dgifkg agss rgaendag fvgr tekg, f ifursg. Mestfren` Ytgpmg`
Gvgrgtt `ftgb tmnt e`tgrvegws if`buitgb kf`tms fr ygnrs nlgr tmg nit
in``ft rgpaeintg tmg rgsm`gss, niiurniy, n`b bgtneas f tmfsg if`buitgb
wetme` n gw bnys f tmg nituna gvg`ts. Gvgrgtt nasf rgifj`ezgb tmnt ns
tekg e`irgnsgs dgtwgg` n` gxpgreg`ig n`b ets rgifu`te`j, e`bevebunas
tg`b tf if`bg`sg tmg sgqug`ig f gvg`ts n`b fket ireteina nitef`s n`b
oubjkg`ts.
Dnttaggab kgkfregs kny dg kfrg rgaendag tmn` kfst e` tmnt rgjnrb.
Rgy nrg flg` dur`gb e`tf tmg vgtgrn`s ke`b, pgrmnps dginusg f tmg
nbrg`nae` fflfw tmnt dnttag jg`grntgs.Yfkg vgtgrn`s in` rginaa bgtneas
f n dnttag tmnt tffc panig n mna ig`tury njf dgttgr tmn` gvg`ts f anst
wggc.\gtgrn`s tmgksgavgs mnvg ftgb tmg u`usuna af`jgvety f wnrtekg
kgkfregs. Znr es n trnjeigxmeanrnte`j gxpgreg`ig, Imnrags Ymgnmn`
gxpane`gb tf kg. Rg kgkfry f Set[ steics aecg jaug e` tmg dnic rfnbs f
fur ke`bs. Rg ygnrs rfaa naf`j bginbg nlgr bginbg e` fur ieveaen` pur-
suets. Mfwgvgr, tekg weaa gvgr grnsg tmg tekgs wmg` f`gs dfby n`b sfua
wgrg f` tmg gbjg f tmg ndyss.
Rg vgtgrn`s fw` ifkketkg`t tf tmg frna mestfry prfogit jevgs n`
nurn f agjetekniy tf tmger niifu`ts. E` frbgr tf niiurntgay rgifu`t tmger
gxpgreg`igs, sfkg gabgray nrteaagrykg` mnb tf kncg g`frkfus gfrts
tf fvgrifkg tmg pmyseina ggits f nje`j. Lfrwnrb fdsgrvgr Faevgr O.Rfkpsf` rgpfrtgb f mes gfrts sexty-fur ygnrs nlgr tmg dnttag, Ky
gygs tgnr up n`b `jgrs nimg e` wrete`j tff kuim.
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N u`equg prggxeste`j pgrsf`na nrimevg f e`tgrvegws, preknreay rfk
tmg s, frks tmg ifrg f tmes dffc, dut tmgsg pegigkgna niifu`ts mnb
tf dg imgicgb fr niiurniy n`b panigb wetme` tmg anrjgr if`tgxt f tmgg`terg dnttag. E imgicgb tmg vgrdna niifu`ts njne`st n rgvegw f u`et rgpfrts
fdtne`gb rfk tmg W.Y. @ntef`na Nrimevgs n`b Tgifrbs Nbke`estrntef`
n`b suppagkg`tgb tmgk wetm sgif`bnry sfurigs prgpnrgb dy mestfren`s.
Rg Fce`nwn vgtgrn`s frna niifu`ts jevg` af`j nlgr tmg dnttag nrg u`bgr-
stn`bnday e`ifkpagtg, dut tmg ifvgrnjg dy tmg keaetnry mestfren`s wmf
niifkpn`egb tmg trffps es gxigaag`t. E` pnrteiuanr, Nppagkn`s niifu`t
prfvebgs n bgtneagb fvgrvegw f tmg strntgjy f tmg inkpnej`. Rg dffc-
ag`jtm tm Bevesef` mestfry nasf prfvebgs ekpfrtn`t dnicjrfu`b e`fr-kntef`.Rg rgifrbs f tmg st Legab Nrteaagry Dnttnaef` n`b tmg st
E`n`try Tgjekg`t fr tmg pgrefb Nprea tf Ou`g , , fdtne`gb rfk
tmg @ntef`na Nrimevgs, prfvebgb nbbetef`na e`frkntef`. Rg rgifrbs f
tmg st Legab Nrteaagry Dnttnaef` wgrg natfjgtmgr e`nbgquntg. N scekpy
Dnttnaef` Mestfry f tmnt u`et fr tmg Fce`nwn inkpnej` bfgs aettag
kfrg tmn` aest insunategs n`b bgifrntef`s.Rg @ntef`na Nrimevgs bfiu-
kg`tntef` f` tmg st E`n`try Tgjekg`t es kuim dgttgr. Rg mestfry f
tmnt u`et, wmeim `nturnaay fiusgs f` e`n`try nitef` rntmgr tmn` nrteaagry,
if`sests f sgvgrna pnjgs n`b es vgry wgaa wrettg`. Rg stn e`tgaaejg`ig/
fpgrntef`s ofur`na n`b tmg bneay u`et rgpfrts fr tmg st sfkgtekgs rggr
tf nrteaagry suiigssgs n`b neaurgs.
Rg frna mestfregs n`b tmg wrettg` rgifrb sfkgtekgs if`ffleit, dut
tmgrg es rgqug`tay n` niigptndag gxpan`ntef` fr tmg besirgpn`iy. Rg
frna niifu`t rfk tmg kfst mejmay bgifrntgb frwnrb fdsgrvgr E e`tgr-
vegwgb, fr gxnkpag, Bf`nab Durreaa, bfgs `ft njrgg wetm tmg rgifrb e`
sgvgrna bgtneas. Mes bgsireptef` f n` Nprea gvg`t fr wmeim mg wns
nwnrbgb n Yeavgr Ytnr jg`grnaay ife`iebgb wetm tmg wrettg` rgifkkg`bn-
tef` n`b igrteintg fr tmnt nwnrb, dut dftm tmg bntg n`b tmg panig nkgb
e` mes frna niifu`t begr rfk tmg wrettg` rgifrb. Durreaa e`sestgb tmnt tmg
gvg`t tffc panig f` Nprea , , wmgrgns tmg wrettg` rgifrb snys Nprea
, . Durreaa sneb tmg e`iebg`t fiiurrgb f` fkdstf`g Tebjg, wmgrgns
tmg rgifrb jevgs n afintef` rfujmay twf keags nrtmgr sfutm nt Ynwtfftm
(Mnicsnw) Tebjg.Durreaa wns nwnrg f tmg besirgpn`iy dut if`sebgrgb et n ke`fr grrfr.
Mg wns sgrefusay wfu`bgb bure`j tmg e`iebg`t n`b wns ekkgbentgay
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gvniuntgb rfk Fce`nwn tf Ynepn`. Rus, mg wns `ft prgsg`t tf vgrey
tmg niiurniy f tmg rgifkkg`bntef` frk wmg` et wns prgpnrgb f` Kny
, n kf`tm nlgr tmg e`iebg`t. Mg beb ft rgofe` mes u`et u`tea nlgrFce`nwn mnb dgg` bgianrgb sgiurg. Rg nwnrb igrgkf`y wns mgab sff`
nlgr mg wns rgu`etgb wetm mes u`et. Rg vgtgrn` wns f` reg`bay tgrks
wetm tmg e`n`try ifkpn`y ifkkn`bgr wmf mnb wrettg` tmg rgifkkg`-
bntef`, dut mg aecgay wfuab `ft mnvg gat ifkfrtndag if`trnbeite`j tmg
figr wmf mnb rgifkkg`bgb mek fr tmg nwnrb.
E` tmes e`stn`ig E gagitgb tf usg tmg bntg n`b panig stntgb dy tmg vgt-
grn` wmeag `f`gtmgagss `fte`j tmg besirgpn`iy wetm tmg wrettg` rgifrb.
Rg tm Bevesef` mestfry, pudaesmgb twf ygnrs nlgr tmg wnr, if`rkstmnt Durreaa rgigevgb tmg Yeavgr Ytnr, n`b E wns nr kfrg if`igr`gb ndfut
tmg gxpgreg`igs f tmg frwnrb fdsgrvgrs bure`j tmg dnttag tmn` tmg gxnit
bntg n`b panig f n`y spgiei gvg`t. Durreaa jnvg `f mestfry f rgnboust-
kg`t prfdagks faafwe`j tmg wnr n`b mnb `f e`ig`tevg tf nasey tmg
bntg n`b panig. E`bggb, dginusg n Onpn`gsg duaagt mnb e`ffleitgb n pne`-
ua wfu`b tf mes pgaves, tmg bntg f tmg e`iebg`t wns kfrg aecgay sgnrgb
e`tf mes ke`b tmn` tmnt f n`yf`g gasg. F`g nspgit f tmg rgifkkg`bn-
tef` frk sudkettgb dy tmg ifkpn`y ifkkn`bgr nasf suppfrts Durreaas
vgrsef`. Mg afintgb tmg e`iebg`t `gnr tmg tfw` f Cn`ecu, wmeim es kuim
iafsgr tf fkdstf`g Tebjg (tmg afintef` jevg` dy Durreaa) tmn` et es tf
Ynwtfftm Tebjg (tmg afintef` aestgb e` tmg bfiukg`ts).
Kgkfry jnps rgkne` n agjetekntg if`igr` fr frna e`tgrvegwgrs fr
jffb rgnsf`. \gtgrn`s kgkfregs f gvg`ts tmnt fiiurrgb gnraegr e` tmger
wnrtekg gxpgreg`ig kny dg kfrg rgaendag tmn` kgkfregs f gvg`ts
tmnt tffc panig antgr. Lfr gxnkpag, e` e`tgrvegwe`j tm Bevesef` vgtgr-
n`s f tmg Fce`nwn inkpnej`, E fu`b tmnt tmfsg wmf mnb pnrteie-
pntgb e` tmg wmfag inkpnej` jg`grnaay mnb quetg jffb kgkfregs f tmg
rst knofr dnttag (Cncnzu Tebjg), ner rginaa f tmg sgif`b knofr dnttag
(Mnicsnw Tebjg, nasf c`fw` ns Ynwtfftm Tebjg), n`b pffr kgkfregs
f antgr dnttags (If`eina Xgnc, tmg Dej Nppag, tmg Kgbggrn pficgt), gvg`
tmfujm, rfk n mestfren s pgrspgitevg, tmg antgr dnttags drfujmt tmg ink-
pnej` tf n brnkntei if`iausef`.
E` tmg insg f f`g vgtgrn`, twf treps tf Fce`nwn, e`tgrvegws if`buitgbf` tmg setgs f vnrefus dnttags, n`b aestg`e`j tf tmg niifu`ts f ftmgr vgtgr-
n`s f tmg inkpnej` neagb tf rgsfavg kgkfry jnps. Res pnttgr` fiiurrgb
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gvg` nkf`j nrteaagry frwnrb fdsgrvgrs f tmg figr ianss, wmf if`ses-
tg`tay mnb niigss tf knps n`b trffp afintef` e`frkntef` e` frbgr tf
pgrfrk tmger ofds. Yuim kgkfry bgiets wgrg n det surprese`j dginusgtmg inkpnej` anstgb agss tmn` tmrgg kf`tms. F`g g`aestgb kn`, wmf antgr
jrnbuntgb rfk Dgrcgagy, gxpane`gb et tf kg tmes wny?
@fw E wn`t tf tgaa yfu f`g tme`j rfk tmes pfe`t SIf`eina Xgnc[
f`. Lfr sfkg u`c`fw` rgnsf` E in`t rgkgkdgr vgry kuim
ndfut n`ytme`j rfk fw Skeb-Kny[ f` teaa E jft rgaegvgb Skeb-
Ou`g[. E bf`t c`fw wmy. . . . Ufuaa `b fut Eaa dgifkg ce`b
f vnjug. . . . E `gvgr ifuab bf et. Et oust sggks aecg tmg ke`boust iafsgb bfw`. E rgkgkdgr sfkg tme`js dut E in t rgkgk-
dgr oustE jgt ce`b f afst. . . .Ufu sgg wmnt nitunaay mnppg`s es
fr sfkg u`c`fw` rgnsf` yfur ke`b stnrts iutte`j naa tmes stu
fut. N`b E tme`c wg rgnimgb n pfe`t tmnt wg ifuab`t mn`bag
et n`y kfrg. N`b tmg` fur sudif`siefus wfuab jfyfu c`fw
oust iaeic et fut.
Rg prfdagk f kgkfry jnps es ft pnrteiuanray mnrkua ns af`j ns tmg vgt-
grn` es in`beb ndfut mes kgkfry prfdagk (ns kfst wgrg). Tgpanigkg`t
trffps wmf nrrevgb bure`j tmg ifursg f tmg inkpnej` kny mnvg dgt-
tgr rgifaagitef`s f tmg kebbag n`b antgr dnttags e` tmg inkpnej` dginusg
tmger ke`bs mnb `ft ygt dgju` tf tu`g fut tmg bgtneas f tmg dnttag.
E`tgrvegws if`buitgb af`j nlgr tmg dnttag nasf inrry tmg resc tmnt tmg
vgtgrn s rgifaagitef` mns dgg` ifafrgb n`b e`fflug`igb dy kgben (kfv-
egs, tgagvesef`, bfiukg`tnregs, dffcs, n`b tmg stfregs f ftmgr vgtgrn`s).
Naestner Rfksf` ianekgb tf mnvg fdsgrvgb tmes pmg`fkg`f` bure`j
mes frna mestfry e`tgrvegws wetm Nustrnaen` Zfrab Znr E vgtgrn`s, fte`j
tmnt e` sfkg e`tgrvegws E gat aecg E wns aestg`e`j tf tmg sirept f tmg ak
Jnaaepfae.E beb `ft pgrsf`naay g`ifu`tgr tmes pmg`fkg`f`, dut tmnt
kny dg dginusg tmg Fce`nwn inkpnej` mnb `ft dgg` tmg sudogit f n
knofr kfveg, ke`esgregs, fr knofr bfiukg`tnry sgregs nt tmg tekg f tmg
e`tgrvegws. Gvgrgtt rgifkkg`bgb tgste`j tmg niiurniy f tmg vgtgrn`s
kgkfry dy nsce`j qugstef`s tf wmeim tmg e`tgrvegwgr nargnby c`fws tmgn`swgr. N` e`tgrvegwggs rgspf`sg tf tmgsg qugregs kny smgb `gw aejmt
f` n` essug, mg `ftgb3 e `ft, tmger n`swgrs kny sgrvg ns ynrbsteics tf
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oubjg tmg niiurniy f ftmgr e`frkntef` prfvebgb dy tmg e`tgrvegwgg.
N`ftmgr kgtmfb es tf prgss fr nbbetef`na bgtnea e` n` gfrt tf `b fut
e tmg vgtgrn` nitunaay gxpgreg`igb n` gvg`t fr oust mgnrb ndfut et, nneray rgqug`t fiiurrg`ig. E` kn`y insgs, tmg vgtgrn` weaa mnvg tfab mes
stfry kn`y tekgs, n`b wmnt tmg e`tgrvegwgr mgnrs es n wgaa-rgmgnrsgb
n`b pfaesmgb vgrsef` f et. E` suim e`stn`igs, tmg e`tgrvegwgr kust usg
bgtneagb qugstef`s tf sgpnrntg tmg mgnrsny rfk tmg nituna gxpgreg`ig, e
suim es pfssedag.
Ky gxpgreg`ig e`tgrvegwe`j vgtgrn`s f Zfrab Znr EE sujjgsts tmnt
futsebg e`fflug`ig n`b fvgrpfaesmgb prgsg`tntef`s nrg `ft knofr prfd-
agks. Et wns f`ay e` tmg s, e` nit, tmnt kn`y Zfrab Znr EE vgtgrn`s,tmg` `gnre`j tmg g`b f tmger aevgs, wgrg e`iae`gb tf tnac ndfut tmg wnr nt
naa. E` tmg ygnrs ekkgbentgay faafwe`j tmg wnr, tmgy wgrg fiusgb f`
jgtte`j n` gbuintef`, n ofd, n spfusg, n inr, n`b n mfusg.Rger rgifa-
agitef`s n mna-ig`tury antgr rnrgay fiusgb f` tmger fw` mgrfesk, drfnb
strntgjegs, fr tniteina jfnas. Kfst wgrg pgrsf`na n`gibftgs ndfut survevna
n`b ndfut ftmgr sfabegrsn typg f `nrrntef` usunaay tff e`bevebunaezgb
tf dg mgnveay e`fflug`igb dy futsebg kgben. E if`iaubgb tmnt n`gibftna frna
mestfry niifu`ts fdtne`gb kfrg tmn` ly ygnrs nlgr tmg gvg`t nrg usg-
ua e` prfvebe`j n jrgntgr u`bgrstn`be`j f tmg dnttag f Fce`nwn, n`b
nasf tmnt, wetm prfpgr ifkkg`t f` if`tgxt, frna e`tgrvegws f afw- n`b
keb-agvga ifkdnt pgrsf``ga mgaps rginpturg tmg gxpgreg`ig f tmnt dnttag.
Rmg @nrrntfrs
F tmg kfrg tmn` twg`ty Fce`nwn vgtgrn`s E e`tgrvegwgb, preknreay e`
tmg s, E sgagitgb sex ns preknry `nrrntfrs fr tmes niifu`t. Levg wgrg
nrteaagrykg` n`b f`g wns n preknry if`sukgr f nrteaagry suppfrt, n`
e`n`try ifkpn`y ifkkn`bgr. Levg f tmg sex wgrg ou`efr figrs. Naa
sex wgrg kftevntgb n`b e`tgaaejg`t. Kfst mnb nt agnst sfkg ifaagjg gbuin-
tef` nt tmg tekg f tmg wnr n`b niquergb kfrg faafwe`j ets if`iausef`.
Kfst mgab wmetg-ifaanr ofds nlgr tmg wnr. Natmfujm frna mestfry es flg`
if`sebgrgb mestfry rfk dgafw (e.g., rfk tmg afwgr ianssgs, wmf rnrgay
wretg tmger fw` mestfry), tmes niifu`t es prgbfke`n`tay mestfry rfk tmgkebbag. F`g f tmg preknry niifu`ts, mfwgvgr, es tmnt f n prevntg, rst
ianss, n`b nbbetef`na vegws f tmg g`aestgb kg` nrg if`tne`gb e` sfkg
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ifrrgspf`bg`ig. Rg frna niifu`ts nrg suppagkg`tgb wetm gxigrpts rfk
tmg fiena rgifrbs n`b tmg fiena W.Y. Nrky niifu`t f tmg inkpnej` e`
frbgr tf prfvebg ifkkn`b-agvga e`sejmts n`b prgiesg imrf`fafjy. E nasfquftg rfk tmg prevntg agttgrs f Jg`grna Duic`gr tf mes weg.
Inpt. Imnrags Ymgnmn`
Rg mejmgst-rn`ce`j nrteaagry `nrrntfr es Imnrags Ymgnmn`, wmf wns prf-
kftgb tf inptne` (rfk rst aegutg`n`t) kebwny tmrfujm tmg Fce`nwn
inkpnej`. Bure`j tmg ifursg f tmg inkpnej` mg nitgb ns n` nrteaagry aene-
sf` figr tf dnttnaef`-sezgb e`n`try u`ets, natmfujm mg nasf fpgrntgb e`suppfrt f tmg `b Dnttnaef`. Mg wns nssej`gb tf tmg Mgnbqunrtgrs n`b
Mgnbqunrtgrs Dnttgry f tmg st Legab Nrteaagry Dnttnaef` f tmg tm
E`n`try Bevesef`.
Ymgnmn` wns dfr` e` n`b jrgw up e` Drffcay`. Mg dgaf`jgb tf
tmg Nrky Tgsgrvg dgfrg Xgnra Mnrdfr. Mg sgrvgb wetm tmg tm Bevesef`
bure`j tmg fpgrntef`s njne`st tmg Onpn`gsg f` tmg esan`b f Agytg e` tmg
Xmeaeppe`gs tmnt dgjn` e` antg prefr tf Fce`nwn. Nlgr tmg wnr mg
wg`t dnic tf tmg @gw Ufrc Iety nrgn n`b usgb tmg JE Deaa tf `n`ig mesifaagjg gbuintef`. Mg dginkg n ou`efr mejm simffa tgnimgr f pmyseina
gbuintef`, sieg`ig, n`b kntm. Mg pgrfrkgb n`ftmgr ste`t f nitevg ifk-
dnt sgrveig bure`j tmg Cfrgn` Znr n`b tmg` if`te`ugb tgnime`j e` tmg
@gw Ufrc Iety rgjef` u`tea rgtergkg`t. Mg n`b mes weg tmg` kfvgb tf
Lafrebn, wmgrg mg wns steaa sgrve`j ns n sudstetutg tgnimgr wmg` E e`tgr-
vegwgb mek e` . Mg begb e` .
At. Tny B. Znatf` Or.
Tny Znatf` Or. wns n sgif`b aegutg`n`t f nrteaagry bure`j tmg Fce`nwn
inkpnej`. Mg wns nssej`gb tf D Dnttgry f tmg st Legab Nrteaagry
Dnttnaef`, wmgrg mg sgrvgb ns n frwnrb nrteaagry fdsgrvgr. Znatf`
wfrcgb nakfst gxiausevgay e` suppfrt f sknaagr ifkpn`y-agvga u`ets f
tmg `b Dnttnaef`, spgieinaay L Ifkpn`y n`b J Ifkpn`y.
Dfr` e` , Znatf` jrnbuntgb rfk Frgjf` Ytntg W`evgrsety e`
wetm n bgjrgg e` imgkeina g`je`ggre`j. Mg wns e`buitgb e` Knrim
wmeag mg wns steaa n stubg`t. Natmfujm Znatf` mnb dgg` g`rfaagb e`
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tmg Tgsgrvg Figr rne`e`j Ifrps (TFI) fr fur ygnrs, tmg Nrky
rgquergb mek tf nttg`b Figr In`bebntg Yimffa nt Lfrt Yeaa. Lfaafwe`j
mes trne`e`j tmgrg, mg knrregb, sgrvgb dregffly e` Nandnkn, n`b tmg` sneagbrfk Yn` Lrn`iesif e` Bgigkdgr . Aegutg`n`t Znatf` ofe`gb tmg
tm Bevesef` nt Agytg, wmg` mes u`et wns e` ets `na ju` pfsetef` f
tmnt inkpnej`. Nlgr tmg wnr, Znatf` usgb tmg JE Deaa tf `n`ig n jrnb-
untg bgjrgg e` imgkeina g`je`ggre`j. Mes ieveaen` inrggr e`vfavgb mek
e` tmg prfbuitef` prfigss fr `uiagnr wgnpf`s n`b tmg kn`njgkg`t f
wnstg prfbuits rfk tmnt prfigss, rst wetm Jg`grna Gagitrei Ifkpn`y
n`b tmg` wetm tmg W.Y. jfvgr`kg t. Lfaafwe`j rgtergkg`t, mg aevgb e` tmg
Knryan`b sudurds futsebg Znsme`jtf`, B.I.
Xli. Imnrags X. Kfy`emn`
Imnrags Kfy`emn` wns wetm tmg st Legab Nrteaagry Dnttnaef`, tm
E`n`try Bevesef` bure`j tmg Fce`nwn inkpnej`. Mg sgrvgb preknreay ns
tmg nrteaagry aenesf` tgnk rnbef fpgrntfr fr tmg `b Dnttnaef` f tmg st
E`n`try Tgjekg`t.Mg wfrcgb u`bgr tmg bergitef` f tmg dnttnaef` aene-
sf` figr, usunaay n inptne` (nkf`j tmgk Inptne` Ymgnmn`). Bure`jtmg Fce`nwn inkpnej`, Kfy`emn` typeinaay rgkne`gb e` iafsg prfxek-
ety tf tmg e`n`try dnttnaef` agnbgr, flg` `ft nr dgme`b tmg rf`t ae`g.
Kfy`emn` wns `e`gtgg` ygnrs fab wmg` mg ofe`gb tmg Nrky Tgsgrvg
e` . Nt tmnt tekg mg wns nttg`be`j ou`efr ifaagjg e` Kfbgstf,
Inaefr`en. Rg jfvgr`kg`t nitevntgb mes u`et e` Ou`g , n`b mg
rgigevgb nrteaagry dnsei trne`e`j. Mg wns sgagitgb fr tmg NYX (Nrky
Ypgienaezgb rne`e`j Xrfjrnk), wmeim wns e`tg`bgb tf prgpnrg tgim`eina
pgrsf``ga fr sgrveig e` Gurfpg. Zmeag steaa e` tmg Nrky mg nttg`bgb tmg
W`evgrsety f Eaae`fes n`b antgr tmg W`evgrsety f Zesif`se`. Zmg` tmg
Nrky iafsgb tmg NYX, Kfy`emn` wns nssej`gb tf tmg tm Bevesef`.
Mg sgrvgb f` dftm Agytg n`b Fce`nwn. Nlgr tmg wnr, mg jrnbuntgb rfk
tmg W`evgrsety f Inaefr`en nt Dgrcgagy n`b wfrcgb fr Ygnrs Tfgduic
e` rgtneae`j. Zmg` E e`tgrvegwgb mek e` tmg antg s, mg aevgb e`
Inaefr`en. Mg es `fw bgignsgb.
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At. Nalf`sg BgIrn`s
Naf`sg BgIrn`s sgrvgb ns n frwnrb fdsgrvgr bure`j tmg Fce`nwn ink-
pnej`. Aecg Znatf`, mg typeinaay prfvebgb rg suppfrt fr e`n`try ifk-
pn`egs dgaf`je`j tf tmg `b Dnttnaef` f tmg st E`n`try Tgjekg`t.
BgIrn`s jrgw up f` n nrk, n`b tmnt dnicjrfu`b inkg e` mn`by f`
Fce`nwn wmg` sfkg Nkgrein` sfabegrs inpturgb n vg-mu`brgb-pfu`b
stggr n`b inaagb f` BgIrn`s dutimgre`j sceaas.
BgIrn`s stnrtgb ifaagjg nt @frtm Bncftn Ytntg Ifaagjg e` Ygptgkdgr
n`b ofe`gb tmg Nrky @ntef`na Junrb tmg gxt kf`tm. Mg tffc TFI
ifursgs fr f`g uaa ninbgkei ygnr paus twf nbbetef`na qunrtgrs. E` Nprea mes @ntef`na Junrb u`et wns gbgrnaezgb n`b inaagb up fr nitevg buty.
Dy tmnt tekg BgIrn`s wns n sgrjgn`t e` mes nrteaagry futt. BgIrn`s
wn`tgb tf dgifkg n jmtgr peaft dut wns rgogitgb dginusg mg wns ifafr
dae`b. Mg sgrvgb ns n breaa e`struitfr e` tmg tm Legab Nrteaagry Tgjekg`t
nt Lfrt Agwes, Znsme`jtf`. Natmfujm mg mnb rgnimgb tmg rn`c f stn sgr-
jgn`t, mg bgiebgb tf nttg`b Nrteaagry Figr In`bebntg Yimffa nt Lfrt Yeaa,
Fcanmfkn. Rgrg mg inkg nirfss n` gnraegr niqune`tn`igBf`nab Duic
Durreaa.Rg Nrky inrggrs f BgIrn`s n`b Durreaadftm nrrntfrs e` tmesniifu`trgqug`tay fvgranppgb. Dftm kg` sgrvgb wetm tmg tm Bevesef`
e` Mnwnee dgfrg vfau`tggre`j fr rgnssej`kg`t. BgIrn`s nrrevgb e` tmg
Xmeaeppe`gs e` antg Fitfdgr , n gw bnys nlgr tmg tm Bevesef` mnb
an`bgb f` Agytg. Nlgr e`tgrvegws wetm Drej. Jg`. Tfdgrt J. Jnrb (tmg beve-
sef` nrteaagry ifkkn`bgr) n`b At. Ifa. Nvgry Knstgrs, mg wns nssej`gb tf
tmg st Legab Nrteaagry Dnttnaef`, D Dnttgry, wmgrg mg sgrvgb ns tmg gxgiu-
tevg figr. Nlgr tmg wnr, BgIrn`s fw`gb n`b fpgrntgb n nkeay nrk e`
Ke``gsftn. E` mg wns aeve`j e` Lnrjf, @frtm Bncftn.
At. Bf`nab Duic Durreaa
Bf`nab Durreaa sgrvgb ns n frwnrb fdsgrvgr bure`j tmg Fce`nwn ink-
pnej`. Mg typeinaay suppfrtgb D Ifkpn`y f tmg st Dnttnaef`, st
E`n`try Tgjekg`t, tm Bevesef`, natmfujm f` fiinsef` mg wfrcgb e`
suppfrt f ftmgr ifkpn`egs dgaf`je`j tf tmg st Dnttnaef`. Bgspetg tmgerrgantevgay ou`efr rn`c, Durreaa n`b BgIrn`s mnb dgg` e` tmg W.Y. Nrky
n`b e` tmg Xniei fr sfkg tekg dgfrg tmg dnttag f Fce`nwn.
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Durreaa () mneagb rfk Lnuactf`, Yfutm Bncftn. Aecg
BgIrn`s, mg sgrvgb e` tmg tm Legab Nrteaagry Tgjekg`t nt Lfrt Agwes,
Znsme`jtf`, wmgrg tmgy kgt. BgIrn`s mnb sgrvgb ns n breaa e`struitfr3Durreaa stffb nt tmg dfttfk f tmg W.Y. Nrky megrnrimy ns n trne`gg. Rgy
wg`t tf Nrteaagry Figr In`bebntg Yimffa nt Lfrt Yeaa nrfu`b tmg snkg
tekg, natmfujm Durreaa nitunaay stnrtgb tmg ifursg dgfrg BgIrn`s.
Aecg BgIrn`s, Durreaa sgrvgb wetm tmg tm Bevesef` e` Mnwnee gnraegr e`
tmg wnr, dgfrg tmg Ynepn` (keb-) n`b Fce`nwn inkpnej`s ().
Rg tm Bevesef` wns preknreay knbg up f pgfpag rfk tmg @gw Ufrc
Iety nrgn. Durreaa n`b BgIrn`s, if`igr`gb ndfut tmg prfieg`iy f tmnt
u`et, vfau`tggrgb fr nssej`kg`t gasgwmgrg.Aecg BgIrn`s, Durreaa wns gvg`tunaay sg`t tf tmg tm Bevesef`,
wmeim wns ifkpfsgb anrjgay f brnlgg nrk dfys rfk tmg Kebwgst.
Rgy ifuab brevg, smfft, n`b x tme`js. Mg aecgb tmg tm Bevesef`
kuim dgttgr. Rgy wgrg bnr` jffb pgfpag. Durreaa nrrevgb e` tmg
Xmeaeppe`gs e` antg Fitfdgr , n gw bnys nlgr tmg tm Bevesef` mnb
an`bgb f` Agytg. Mg u`bgrwg`t tmg snkg e`tgrvegw prfigss e` tmg tm
Bevesef` ns BgIrn`s beb n`b wns nssej`gb tf N Dnttgry f tmg st
Legab Nrteaagry Dnttnaef`.
Durreaa stnygb e` tmg Nrky Tgsgrvg nlgr Zfrab Znr EE n`b wns prf-
kftgb tf knofr. Mnb mg dgg` weaae`j tf spg`b sex kf`tms nttg`be`j
tmg Ifkkn`b n`b Ytn Yimffa nt Lfrt Agnvg`wfrtm, Cn`sns, mg ifuab
mnvg dgg` n rgsgrvg aegutg`n`t ifaf`ga, dut tekg if`strne`ts frigb mek
tf bgiae`g.E` tmg antg s Durreaa aevgb e` Inspgr, Zyfke`j. Mg es
`fw bgignsgb.
Inpt. Zeaanrb J. Dfaae`jgr
Zeaanrb Dfaae`jgr prfvebgb e`sejmt e`tf nrteaagrys suiigssgs n`b neaurgs
rfk n` e`n`trykn`s pfe`t f vegw. Mg ifkkn`bgb Ifkpn`y L bure`j
tmg Fce`nwn inkpnej` n`b wns nkf`j tmg `b Dnttnaef` ifkpn`y ifk-
kn`bgrs wmf wfrcgb wetm Znatf`.@eic`nkgb Zeab Deaa Dfaae`jgr
dy sfkg f mes kg`, mg mnb n wnarus-styag kustnimg n`b wfrg mes ntejug
inp ificgb tf tmg sebg.
Mg wns c`fw` ns n` njjrgssevg rf`tae`g agnbgr.Ns tmg Onpn`gsg wfuab `b fut f` Mnicsnw Tebjg, Dfaae`jgr sfkgtekgs
beb tmg u`gxpgitgb.
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BgIrn`s, wmf bgnat wetm tmg ifkpn`y ifkkn`bgrs rntmgr tmn` tmg
dnttnaef` ifkkn`bgrs, if`sebgrgb Dfaae`jgr tmg tfps f n`y sfabegr mg
gvgr snw n`b rgkgkdgrgb mek ns n` ntmagtei, wgaa-dueat juy`ft sfkg-f`g tmnt yfu wn`tgb tf jgt e`tf n` nrjukg`t wetm. BgIrn`s nasf if`seb-
grgb Dfaae`jgr n jg`tagkn`.Dfaae`jgr wns n jffb reg`b f Inpt. Afues
Tgutgr Or., wmf ifkkn`bgb J Ifkpn`y, nasf e` tmg `b Dnttnaef` f
tmg st.Dfaae`jgr n`b Tgutgr mnb jf`g tf Figr In`bebntg Yimffa
tfjgtmgr n`b mnb dftm nrrevgb ns drn`b-`gw sgif`b aegutg`n`ts nt Lfrt
Nbner, Frgjf`, wmg` tmg tm E`n`try Bevesef` wns dge`j frkgb e`
. Dftm wgrg gvg`tunaay prfkftgb tf ifkpn`y ifkkn`bgrs. Nlgr
tmg wnr Dfaae`jgr wfrcgb ns n pg`sef` dg`gts spgienaest e` tmg e`sur-n`ig e`bustry fr frty-vg ygnrs.E` tmg antg s Dfaae`jgr aevgb e`
Yt. Afues, Kessfure. Mg es `fw bgignsgb.
Ftmgr Yfurigs
YYjt. Cnrga C`utsf`
Cnrga C`utsf` sgrvgb f`ay f`g tmrgg-bny ste`t f` n frwnrb fdsgrvntef`tgnk f` Fce`nwn n`b es `ft f`g f tmg sex preknry `nrrntfrs. Mes rgifa-
agitef`s nrg f`gtmgagss fiinsef`naay mgapua e` prfvebe`j tmg pgrspgitevg
f tmg kg` wmf nitunaay rgb tmg nrteaagry pegigs f` tmg tnrjgts sgagitgb
dy tmg frwnrb fdsgrvgrs. N` nrteaagry sgrjgn`t, C`utsf` (dfr` in. )
spg`t kfst f mes tekg fpgrnte`j tmg mfwetzgrs tmgksgavgs. Xrefr tf mes
Nrky sgrveig mg mnb dgg` n andfrgr, wfrcgb e` n Ieveaen` If`sgrvntef`
Ifrps inkp, n`b fpgrntgb mgnvy gquepkg`t. C`utsf` spg`t naa fur f
mes ygnrs e` tmg Nrky () wetm D Dnttgry f tmg st Legab Nrteaagry
Dnttnaef`, dgje``e`j ns n in``f`ggr n`b wfrce`j mes wny up tf stn sgr-
jgn`t n`b imeg f sgitef`. Mg wns e` imnrjg f f`g f tmg dnttgrys fur
-kk mfwetzgrs.E` C`utsf` aevgb e` Ke``gsftn.
Xli. Bf` Bg`icgr
Bf` Bg`icgr wns `ft n frwnrb fdsgrvgr f` Fce`nwn n`b bfgs `ft
sgrvg ns n `nrrntfr fr tmes niifu`t. Mg wns `ft e`tgrvegwgb fr tmes
dffc. @f`gtmgagss, mg e`bergitay e`fflug`igb tmes niifu`t e` sgvgrna wnys.
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Bg`icgr wrftg tmg f`ay pudaesmgb tm Bevesef` e`n`trykn`s kgkfer
f dftm tmg Agytg n`b Fce`nwn inkpnej`s. N kfrtnr kn` e` n` e`n`-
try ifkpn`y f tmg `b Tgjekg`t, Bg`icgr fujmt tmrfujm tmg g`tergAgytg n`b Fce`nwn inkpnej`s. Aecg Dfaae`jgrs rgifaagitef`s, Bg`icgrs
dffc fiinsef`naay prfvebgs n` e`n`trykn`s pgrspgitevg f` gab nrtea-
agry suppfrt. Bg`icgr jg`grfusay bf`ntgb mes tekg fr n ireteina rgvegw
f n` gnraegr brnl f tmes niifu`t. Bg`icgr sgrvgb sgvgrna tgrks ns tmg
mestfren` f tmg tm Bevesef` Nssfientef` n`b nitgb ns ky tfur juebg
bure`j n trep tf Fce`nwn.