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PLUGLESS POWER


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MGM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND

TECHNOLOGY

SECTOR-18, KAMOTHE

NAVI MUMBAI

PRESENTATION REPORT

ON

PLUGLESS POWER

SUBMITTED BY,

SUMIT DALVI

RUPESH JAMDAR

AJAY BAKALKAR

SANKET DAMANIA

AKSHAY GUPTA

VAISHALI KADAM

ABDUL JABBAR SHAIKH

SAGAR KANADE

ELECTRICAL DEPARTMENT

ACADEMIC YEAR


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(2012 -2013)


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PREFACE

We take an opportunity to present this Presentationreport on PLUGLESS POWER" and put before readers someuseful information regarding our Presentation

We have made sincere attempts and taken every careto present this matter in precise and compact form, thelanguage being as simple as possible.

We are sure that the information contained in thisvolume would certainly prove useful for better insight in thescope and dimension of this presentation in its trueperspective.

The task of completion of the Presentation thoughbeing difficulty was made quite simple, interesting andsuccessful due to deep involvement and completededication of our group members.


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PLUGLESS

POWER


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Table Of Content

Introduction

Block diagram

Circuit diagram

Working of circuit

Component list

Advantages & DisadvantagesApplications

Conclusion

Bibliography


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INTRODUCTION

As we are in 21st century, Day by day the no ofvehicles are increasing, but on the other side fuels aredepleting. After 30-40 years fuels goanna completely endup. To overcome from that few years ago the solution comeswhich is an electric car. But in electrical car there are somedisadvantages

1) There is a battery which is sometimes heavy than the car.2) If the capability of car is to sit 4 persons, and if 5 th onecame in the car then car will not move at all.3) The battery should be replaced in 2 to 3 years, and thereplacement cost is much more.


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To overcome from that Google invented a technologywhich is PLUGLESS POWER or FUEL LESS ECO CAR.The principle is based upon RESONANT INDUCTIVECOUPLING. In inductive coupling power is

transmit at the short range, but due to the presenceof RESONANT power will be transferred at long range.There are two sides one is transmitting side (belowthe road) and other is receiving side (below the car).In this system, transmitting side is undergroundedwhich mainly consist of LC tank circuit, on the otherhand receiving side also consist of LC tank circuit.And the transmitting side and receiving side bothshould have same resonant frequency. Due to theprinciple Resonant Inductive Coupling power istransmit from transmitting side to receiving sidewirelessly.

INVENTION:

This invention relates to the transfer ofelectrical power via induction and in particular to aResonance power transfer and distribution systemusing a coaxial transformer for electric vehicles.Electrically powered vehicles are useful inmanufacturing and warehouse environments fortransporting materials in automated materialhandling systems. Electrically powered vehicles are

desirable in these environments due to their cleanoperation and low noise.

Electric vehicles, however, requiresufficient electrical power to have any meaningfulmobility and speed. On-board rechargeable energystorage systems, such as batteries, have a significant


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mass that must be moved in addition to the mass ofthe material to be transported and the mass of theelectric vehicle itself

BLOCK DIAGRAM:

TRANSMITTING SIDE:

PowerSupply

RFOscillator

Mosfet

LC tankCircuit

Coil


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RECEIVING SIDE:

Power

Supply

LC tankCircuitCoil

ControllerLCD

Clock

Reset

Mosfet

Speed Control PotSwitch

Motor


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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:


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WORKING:


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POWER SUPPLY DESIGN:-

Power supply is the first and the most important part.we require +5V regulated power supply with maximum

current rating 5 mA.

Following basic building blocks are required to generate

regulated power supply.

1. STEP DOWN TRANSFORMER:-

Step down transformer is the first part of regulated

power supply. To step down the mains 230V A.C. we require

step down transformer. Following are the main characteristic

of electronic transformer.

1)Power transformers are usually designed to

operate from source of low impedance at a single

freq.

2) It is required to construct with sufficient insulation

of necessary dielectric strength.

3)Transformer ratings are expressed in voltamp.

Step-down

transformerRectifi

erFilterCkt.

Three

Terminal

Voltage reg.

Regulated O/PVoltage

Mains 230 V A.C.


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4)Temperature rise of a transformer is decided on

two well-known factors i.e. losses on transformer and

heat dissipating or cooling facility provided unit.

2. RECTIFIER UNIT:-

Rectifier unit is a circuit which converts A.C.

into pulsating D.C. Generally semi-conducting diode is

used as rectifying element due to its property of

conducting current in one direction only. Generally there

are two types of rectifier.

1) Half wave rectifier

2) Full wave rectifier.

In half wave rectifier only half cycle of mains A.C. is

rectified so its efficiency is very poor. So we use full wave

bridge type rectifier, in which four diodes are used. In each

half cycle, two diodes conduct at a time and we getmaximum efficiency at o/p.

3. FILTER CIRCUIT :-


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Generally a rectifier is required to produce pure

D.C. supply for using at various places in the electronic

circuit. However, the o/p of rectifier has pulsating

character i.e. if such a D.C. is applied to electronic circuit

it will produce a hum i.e. it will contain A.C. and D.C.

components. The A.C. components are undesirable and

must be keptaway from the load. To do so a filter circuit

is used which remove A.C. components reaching the load.

Obviously a filter circuit is installed between rectifier and

voltage regulator.

4. THREE TERMINAL VOLTAGE REGULATOR:-

A voltage regulator is a circuit that supplies

constant voltage regardless of change in load current. IC

voltage regulators are versatile and relatively cheaper.


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COMPONENT LIST

SR.No Description

1 Ply wood 3x2

2 Diode 1N4007

3 Power Diodes

4 Capacitor1000uF,25V

5 Voltage regulator IC 7805

6 Capacitor 1uF

7 Microcontroller ATMega8535

8 Resistors , LED


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9 Polyester capacitors

10 IC Base

12 PCB

13 Wires

MAIN COMPONENT-

LM7805 SERIES VOLTAGE

REGULATORS

VOLTAGE REGULATOR:

A voltage regulator is an electrical regulatordesigned to automatically maintain a constant voltage level.It may use an electromechanical mechanism, or passive oractive electronic components. Depending on the design, itmay be used to regulate one or more AC or DC voltages.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regulator_(automatic_control)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternating_currenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_currenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regulator_(automatic_control)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternating_currenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_current


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FEATURES:

Output current in excess of 1A

Internal thermal overload protection

No external components required

Output transistor safe area protection


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Internal short circuit current limit

Available in the aluminum TO-3 package

VOLTAGE RANGE:

LM7805C 5V

LM7812C 12V

LM7815C 15V

MOSFETS AND MOSFET DRIVERS

MOSFETs come in four different types. They may beenhancementor depletion mode, and they may be n-channel orp-channel. We are only interested in n-channelenhancementmode MOSFETs, and these will be the onlyones talked about from now on. There are also logic-levelMOSFETs and normal MOSFETs. We can use either type.


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The source terminal is normally the negative one, and the drain is

the positive one (the names refer to the source and drain of electrons). The

diagram above shows a diode connected across the MOSFET. This diode is

called the "intrinsic diode", because it is built into the silicon structure of the

MOSFET. It is a consequence of the way power MOSFETs are created in

the layers of silicon, and can be very useful. In most MOSFET architectures,

it is rated at the same current as the MOSFET itself.

FEATURES:

1. Low drain to source resistance

2. Improved inductive ruggedness


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3. Fast switching time

3. Low input capacitance

4. Extended safe operating area

5. Improved high temperature reliability

LCD:

DISPLAY:

Various display device such as seven segmentdisplay. LCD display, etc can be interfaced withmicrocontroller to read the output directly. In our project weuse a two line LCD display with 16 characters each.


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LCD: Liquid crystal Display (LCD) displays temperature ofthe measured element, which is calculated by themicrocontroller. CMOS technology makes the device ideal for

application in hand held, portable and other batteryinstruction with low power consumption

GENERAL SPECIFICATION:

Drive method: 1/16 duty cycle

Display size: 16 character * 2 lines

Character structure: 5*8 dots.

Display data RAM: 80 characters (80*8 bits)

Character generate ROM: 192 characters Character generate RAM: 8 characters (64*8 bits)

Both display data and character generator RAMs can beread from MPU.

Internal automatic reset circuit at power ON.

Built in oscillator circuit

Net Media 2x16 Serial LCD Display Module

ADVANTAGES OF

WITRICITY:


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More Convenient:

No manual recharging or changing batteries. Eliminate unsightly, unwieldy and costly power cords.

More Reliable:

Never run out of battery power. Reduce product failure rates by fixing the weakest

link': flexing wiring and mechanical interconnects. There is no need of having a line of sight.

More Environmentally Friendly:

Reduce use of disposable batteries. Use efficient electric grid power' directly instead of

inefficient battery charging.

ADVANTAGES

The car does not require fuel; hence saving of fuel.

Completely pollution free.

Friendly to the environment.

No effect on any human being.

DISADVANTAGES:


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a. One such drawback is the shortage of adequate

charging stations to power up these cars...

b. Installation cost is high

APPLICATION:

Consumer Electronics


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Automatic wireless charging of mobile electronics(phones, laptops, game controllers, etc.) in home, car,office, Wi-Fi hotspots while devices are in use andmobile.

Direct wireless powering of stationary devices (flat screenTVs, digital picture frames, home theater accessories,wireless loud speakers, etc.) eliminating expensivecustom wiring, unsightly cables and wall-wart powersupplies.

Direct wireless powering of desktop PC peripherals:wireless mouse, keyboard, printer, speakers, display,etc eliminating disposable batteries and awkwardcabling.

INDUSTRIAL


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Direct wireless power and communicationinterconnections across rotating and moving joints(robots, packaging machinery, assembly machinery,machine tools) eliminating costly and failure-prone

wiring. Direct wireless power and communicationinterconnections at points of use in harsh environments(drilling, mining, underwater, etc.) where it isimpractical or impossible to run wires.

Direct wireless power for wireless sensors and actuators,eliminating the need for expensive power wiring orbattery replacement and disposal.

Automatic wireless charging for mobile robots, automaticguided vehicles, cordless tools and instruments

eliminating complex docking mechanisms, and laborintensive manual recharging and battery replacement.


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TRANSPORTATION:

Automatic wireless charging for existing electric vehicleclasses: golf carts, industrial vehicles.

Automatic wireless charging for future hybrid and all-electric passenger and commercial vehicles, at home,in parking garages, at fleet depots, and at remotekiosks.

Direct wireless power interconnections to replace costlyvehicle wiring harnesses and slip rings.


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OTHER APPLICATIONS:

Direct wireless power interconnections and automaticwireless charging for implantable medical devices(ventricular assist devices, pacemaker, defibrillator, etc.).

Automatic wireless charging and for high tech militarysystems (battery powered mobile devices, covert sensors,unmanned mobile robots and aircraft, etc.).

Direct wireless powering and automatic wireless charging

of smart cards.

Direct wireless powering and automatic wireless chargingof consumer appliances, mobile robots, etc.


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CONCLUSION

PLUGLESS POWER is good

solution to overcome the problems ofshortage of fuel. Not only it overcomethe problem of shortage of fuel butalso it overcome from drawback ofelectric car.


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BIBILIOGRAPHY

o Basic Electronics B. Ram

o Digital Electronics R.P. Jain

o www.redcircuits.com

o www.alldatasheet.com

o www.elctronicsforu.com

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