Smart Health: Improving Health Services within Smart Cities - Dr. Agustí Solanas

UniversidadComplutense deMadrid– December2015

ResearchGroup

SmartHealth:ImprovingHealthserviceswithinSmartCities

[email protected]

Head ofthe Smart HealthResearch GroupUniversitatRoviraiVirgili.Catalonia.(Spain)

AGUSTISOLANAS– [email protected] UCM– December2015

Outline

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• ElectronicHealth– ElectronicHealthdefinition&basics– Examples

• MobileHealth– m-Healthdefinition&basics– Example:TheSIMPATICProject

• TheSmartHealthParadigm– SmartCities&Context-Awareness– SMARTHEALTHdefinitionandbasics– Challenges&Opportunities

• AGlimpseofCognitiveHealth– What,WhyandWhen

• Conclusions

AGUSTISOLANAS– [email protected] UCM– December2015 3

e-Health is an emerging field in theintersection of medical informatics,public health and business, referring tohealth services and informationdelivered or enhanced through theInternet and related technologies.

(2001)JMedInternetRes2001;3(2):e20 GunterEysenbach

ElectronicHealthDefinition&Basics


• ElectronicHealthisclearlyasubsetofclassichealthcare.

• ItischaracterisedbytheuseofInformationandCommunicationTechnologies(ICT)

Healthcare

ElectronicHealthDefinition&Basics

e-Health


Oneofthemostwell-knownexamplesofe-HealthareElectronicHealthRecords

ElectronicHealthExamples:ElectronicHealthRecords


Well-knownexamplesofe-Healtharerelatedtomedicalimaging:

• Mammography• MagneticResonance(MRI)• Eco-Doppler• etc.

ElectronicHealthExamples:MedicalImaging


• Hundredsofgadgets

ElectronicHealthExamples


Outline

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• Conclusions


Mobilehealthcanbedefinedas…<<emergingmobilecommunicationsandnetworktechnologiesforhealthcaresystems.>>

2006

R.Istepanian,S.Laxminarayan,and C.S.Pattichis,“Preface,”M-Health:Emerging MobileHealthSystems,Topics inBiomedical Engineering, Int’l.Book Series,Springer.

MobileHealthDefinition&Basics

RobertIstepanian


• Also,m-Healthcouldbeunderstoodasthedisciplinefoundedontheuseofmobilecommunicationdevicesinmedicine.

• Thedeliveryofhealthcareservices viamobile communicationdevices



Health

e-Health

m-Health


• MobileHealthisbasedonmobiledevicesthatareindeedelectronic.

• Mobilehealthis,thus,aclearsubsetofelectronichealth

• Thenewintrinsiccharacteristicsofm-healthare– Mobility– (Ubiquity)


– 4.000millionsofsmartphonesintheworld– About30%ofmobilephonesaresmartphones– Theyareaffordable(from50€)– 25%ofmobilephonesareconstantlyconnectedtotheInternet

– Morethan9%ofSmartphoneusershavedownloadedhealth-relatedapps.



MobileHealthExample:TheSIMPATICProject

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SystemfortheAutonomous,PrivateandIntelligentMonitoringbasedonICTs.


MobileHealth– SIMPATICProjectDementia:Morethanamemoryloss

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• About5.3millionpeople intheUSexperiencesomeformofdementia.By2050theaffectedpopulation isprojectedtotriple.

• IntheUK,dementiaaffectsabout850,000 people.

• InSeptember2015,GeorgeMcNamara,headofpolicyatAlzheimer’sSociety,statedthat:

http://www.theguardian.com by DashaKiper

“Dementiaisalreadythebiggesthealthchallengethiscountryfaces.ItcoststheUKinexcessof£26bn,whichequatesto£30,000apersonwithdementia– morethanthecostofeithercancerorheartdisease.”


MobileHealth- SIMPATICProjectAnm-Healthexample

• TheSIMPATICProjectpaysattentiontoMCI– MCI:MildCognitiveImpairments

• PatientswithMCIandininitialstagesofdementiamightsufferfrom:– Disorientation– Memoryloss– Increasedependency

• Lossoffreedom• Reducedqualityoflife


!• Patientcentric



CollectPatients’Data DATA

Learnfrom

them PATTERNS

Detect ANOMALIES

• Behaviouralchanges• Wandering



Outline

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• Conclusions


TheSmartHealthParadigmSmartCities

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• Smartcities arebecomingcommonplace.– Amsterdam(Holland)– Barcelona(Spain)– Edmonton(Canada)– FortLauderdale(USA)– Guadalajara(Mexico)– RiodeJaneiro(Brazil)– Trento(Italy)– Wuxi(China)– etc…

Anarchitectual renderingofthebuildingsthatwillmakeuptheCiudadCreativaDigital(CCD) site,inGuadalajara,Mexico.

http://theinstitute.ieee.org/technology-focus/technology-topic/an-urban-reality-smart-cities


TheSmartHealthParadigmSmartCities- Definition

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SmartCities arecitiesstronglyfoundedoninformationandcommunicationtechnologiesthatinvestin

– humanandsocialcapitaltoimprovethequalityoflifeoftheircitizensby

– fosteringeconomicgrowth,– participatorygovernance,– wisemanagementofresources,– sustainability,and– efficientmobility,– whilsttheyguaranteetheprivacyand

securityofthecitizens.

P.Pérez,A.Martínez,andA.Solanas,“PrivacyinSmartCities-ACaseStudyofSmartPublicParking,”Proc.3rdInt’lConf.PECCS,2013,pp.55–

59.2013


• SmartCitiesprovideuswithveryrichsensingcapabilitiestounderstandthe“context”inwhichpatientsare

TheSmartHealthParadigmContext-AwareHealth

• The“context”couldbedefinedas:

<<theenvironmentalstates andsettingsthateitherdeterminesanapplication’sbehaviourorinwhichanapplicationeventoccursandisinterestingtothe

user>>

G.Chen and D.Kotz,“ASurveyofContext-AwareMobileComputingResearch,”tech.rep.TR2000-381,Dept.ofComputerScience,Dartmouth College,

2000.


• Whatifwecouldhavemorethanmobilitydata?• Whatifwecouldcollectdatafromtheenvironment?• Whatifwecouldusethesmartcitycontext?

TheSmartHealthParadigmDefinition&Basics

<<Smarthealth istheprovisionofhealthservicesbyusingthecontext-awarenetworkand

sensinginfrastructureofsmartcities.>>

SmartHealthAppears AgustiSOLANAS. etal.,

“SmartHealth:AContext-AwareHealthParadigmwithinSmartCities”IEEECommunicationsMagazine.August,2014


Smar

t City s-Health

Hea

lth

1

3 45

2

45

s-Healthm-Health

e-Health



Smar

t City s-Health

Hea

lth

1

3 45

2

45

s-Healthm-Health

e-Health

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TheSMARTHEALTHParadigmChallenges

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• SmartHealthwillhavetoovercomeanumberofchallengesinordertobeareality:– Multidisciplinaryresearch– SecurityandPrivacy– Sensorintegration– BigdatamanagementandCloud– UsabilityandHCI– Other…


TheSMARTHEALTHParadigmOpportunities

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• TheSmartHealthparadigmopensthedoortoavarietyofopportunitiesforpeople,companiesandgovernments:– Datacollection,presentationandanalysis– Preventionofcriticalincidents– Effectivenessandenvironmentalassessment– Engagingpatientsandfamilies– Improvingpolicydecisions– Epidemiccontrol– Costsavings


TheSMARTHEALTHParadigmAREALExample

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• TheSmartHealthyRouteAPP



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Outline

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• Conclusions


WhatisCognitiveHealthecare?

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• Connectivism istheintegrationofprinciplesexploredbychaos,network,andcomplexityandself-organizationtheories.Learningisaprocessthatoccurswithinnebulousenvironmentsofshiftingcoreelements– notentirelyunderthecontroloftheindividual.

• Learning(definedasactionableknowledge)canresideoutsideofourselves(withinanorganizationoradatabase)

• Learningisfocusedonconnectingspecializedinformationsets,andtheconnectionsthatenableustolearnmorearemoreimportantthanourcurrentstateofknowing.

Siemens(2005)



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• CognitiveCity is“onethatlearnsandadaptsitsbehaviourbasedonpastexperiencesandisabletosense,understandandrespond tochanges initsenvironment”.

Mostari etal.(2011)


WhatisCognitiveHealthcare?

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Behaviourism

Cognitivism

Constructivism

Cities

Healthcare

Connectivism

SmartCities

ElectronicHealth

MobileHealth

CognitiveCities

SmartHealth

CognitiveHealthcare

Inform

ationandCo

mmunicationTechnologies



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• CognitiveHealthcare(c-health)canbedefinedasthosehealthcareservicesandinfrastructuresprovidedwithinacontext-awarecognitivecity,wheretheinfrastructuresareabletoadapttochangesintheenvironment,learnandmakedecisionsbasedonexperienceandaccessibleknowledge.


Outline

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• Conclusions


Conclusions

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• WehavewitnessedaclearevolutionoftheconceptofHealthcare– ClassicHealthcare– ElectronicHealthcare(2001)– MobileHealthcare(2006)– SmartHealthcare(2014)– CognitiveHealthcare(2015)


Conclusions

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• TheconceptofSmartHealthwillgrowinparallelwithSmartCities.– WithmoresensingcapabilitiesinSCcomesmoreanddiverseSmartHealthapplications.

• TherightstepstowardstheconsolidationoftheideamustbetakenNOW.

• Moreadvanced/complexconceptslikecognitivehealthcarearestillavisionforthefuture– ButseriousandfocussedresearchisalsorequiredNOW


Thanksforyourattention!!

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Questionsandfinalthoughts

UniversidadComplutense deMadrid– December2015

ResearchGroup

SmartHealth:ImprovingHealthserviceswithinSmartCities

[email protected]

Head ofthe Smart HealthResearch GroupUniversitatRoviraiVirgili.Catalonia.(Spain)

Smart Health: Improving Health Services within Smart Cities ￼- Dr. Agustí Solanas

Engineering

Transcript of Smart Health: Improving Health Services within Smart Cities ￼- Dr. Agustí Solanas

Smart Health: Improving Health Services within Smart Cities - Dr. Agustí Solanas

Transcript of Smart Health: Improving Health Services within Smart Cities - Dr. Agustí Solanas