Smart Grid: a transformational (standards)...
Transcript of Smart Grid: a transformational (standards)...
Smart Grid: a transformational
(standards) journey
Emmanuel Darmois, VP Standards, Bell Labs
IEEE SmartGridComm 2010October 5, 2010
Alcatel-Lucent at a Glance
R&D PROFILE
Ben VerwaayenChief Executive Officer
� Worldwide Presence: More than 130 countries
� Annual Revenue: €15 bn (2009)
� Employees: More than 77K
� Employee Nationalities: More than 100
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R&D PROFILE
� Budget: €2.4 bn (2009)
� Active Patents Held: ~ 28K
� Patents Awarded in 2009: >2K
� Nobel Prizes Won: 7
� More than 500 experts in ~100 worldwide
standard organizations.
ParisGlobal Headquarters
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Two customer groups addressed with a products and services portfolio
Enterprise & Strategic Industries
•Operating Segments
Input from customers
Services
•Customer Teams
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Customer Solutions
Carriers
Bell Labs
Openinnovation Networks
Applications
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Within Enterprise and Strategic Industries…
Alcatel-Lucent is focusing on 5 market groups
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Transportation Energy Smart Communities Healthcare Defense
� Main Line Rail
� Urban Rail
� Highways
� Airports
� Power Utilities
� Oil & Gas
� State & LocalAuthorities
� Public Safety
� Connected hospitals
� Telecare
� Strategic backbone
� Wireless solutionsfor Deployable forces
� Border control
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Outline
Understanding the utility business
A Smart Grid Vision
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A Technology Challenge
A Standardization Challenge
Conclusion
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Alcatel-Lucent and the Utilities1
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Alcatel-Lucent and the Utilities1
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Equipment life
expectancy
Increasedcompetition
Safety, reliability,security
How we understand the business of utilities
To support this for all technologies or services requires “always on” control and supervision
Enabled through new technologies
“Change it only when absolutely necessary”
Operationalefficiency
Stakeholder pressure on investment
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Environment
Smart GridChallenge
Regulatory pressure to be more “green”
Requirement to promote environmentally friendly technologies
Operational requirements
“Rapid” move to embrace new technologies and processes
Very specific technical demands for HV networks
Extreme physical and electrical (EMC) environments
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Alcatel-Lucent’s scope of activity in utilities
Transmission
Security mgt
Comms mgt
Transmissionnetwork solutions
Distributionnetwork solutions
Managementsolutions
Distributioncommunications
DistributionProduction
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Transmission End Users
Transmission communications
supporting
Protection,
SCADA
& Telemetry
MDMS
mgt
supporting
SCADA,
AMI
& Smarter Grids
CallCentres
Adding value from experience
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A wide range of customers with a variety of business focal points
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Network refreshIP transformationSmart MeteringSmart Grid*UTelcoManaged Services
* enabling intelligence in the network
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Our Smart Grid vision2
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Our Smart Grid vision2
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Smart grid use cases sampled from our customers
Canada
US
Japan
ChinaEurope
Secure electricity suppliesBoost energy conservation
Renewable integration
Operational EfficiencyAsset Optimization
High Power Quality with RES
Reduce peak-hourPromote micro-generation
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Australia
00:00 06:00 12:00 18:00 00:00
Instantaneous demand (kW)
T ime of day
Shave off seasonal peak
Technology upgrade required to support a variety of business goals
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The drivers of Smart Grids
Power Delivery Non-stop energy delivery, despite…
•Rising seasonal demand
•Ageing infrastructure
•International interconnectors
•LT volume electric vehicles
Power Quality A legal requirement, despite…
• Increasingly “noisy” loads
•Growth in small scale renewables
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Green Energy Pressure on CO2 footprint:
• Growth in small scale renewables
• Management of energy losses
•Growth in small scale renewables
Customer Intimacy Retain/creating value for customers
Operational Efficiency Better cost control, requiring…
• Improved operational processes
• Better asset utilisation
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Smart Grids will dramatically transform utility communications
� Information from millions of sensors and controls to be assessed and managed
� Reaching out to remotely located devices, where� No existing
communications� Goes beyond “the grid”
and into the end user’s
Qualitymanagementapplications
Powermanagementapplications Wide
area
network
Existingnetworking
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and into the end user’s premises
� Will be critical to the stability of future energy networks
� Requires 'always on', real time communications for system reliability and stability
Smart Grid/metering
applications
applications
Access
network
Newnetworking
Robust communications and data management: two key enablers
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Alcatel-Lucent’s proposition
Operational
communications
transformation
Outsourcing Services
(partial or full)
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End-to-end Smart Grid
communications
AMI & MDM
Customer Information
System
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A Technology Challenge3
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A Technology Challenge3
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Communications is the key enabler for the smart grid vision
Operational communications
� Production communications: where grid
safety and security are paramount
� Other communications:
where grid efficiency is the driver
Business communications
� Everyday business non-
operational voice and
data traffic
The different types of utility communications
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where grid efficiency is the driver
Ultimately, converging on a single communications infrastructure
Multiple operational networks to consolidate
Communications modernization is required to make Smart Grid a reality
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IP/MPLS: Enabling the transformation of networks and operations
Each service has its own network A mix of networking technologies
All services in one network
OptimizationSimplification
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IP: the technology of tomorrow
� Brings simplicity of design and operation
� But changes the way networks are designed, built and operated
Existing applications: the reality of today
� Critical applications that must be supported
� Safety and reliability must be maintained
Turning a "revolution" into an "evolution"
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A transformation use case
Teleprotection using IP/MPLS
Use case: A Transmission or a Distribution operator deploys a converged IP network to
be used for all current and future smart grid applications: Teleprotection,
SCADA, Mobile workforce, Smart meter, etc.
OptimizationSimplification
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Requirement: Different applications have different latency allowances ranging from ~10ms
for Teleprotection to 1s for e.g. On demand SCADA
Challenge: Satisfy very strict latency and high reliability requirements of teleprotection
(today being performed with redundant TDM networks)
Simplification
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A transformation use case
Teleprotection using IP/MPLS: the role of standards
The challenge to communication applications� Typical telecommunications applications are less demanding in terms of delay:
� VoIP acceptable latency is around 200ms versus expected 10 ms for teleprotection
� But field trials are increasingly considering the use of teleprotection over IP
Possible optimizations� Traffic engineering recommendations (Best Current Practices) for configuring the
IP network to isolate the teleprotection traffic� Evolution of current teleprotection systems using TDM interfaces.
� Mapping TDM to IP based networks consumes a part of the 10ms delay budget� Consider native teleprotection over IP
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� Consider native teleprotection over IP
This may require an evolution of standards
TDMEquip.
Data
Sig
PacketizationGigE GigE Data
Sig
Jitter Buffer
Packetization NetworkPlayout
TDM Packets moving in this direction
Packet SwitchedNetwork(PSN)
TDMEquip.
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A standards challenge4
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A standards challenge4
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ICT meets Power: a horizontal view
Service Plane� Billing� e-Commerce� Subscription management and activation� Business processes
Control and Connectivity plane� OAM functions� Protection and restoration� Traffic engineering� Connectivity and routing� Virtualization� Access technologies
Service
IP networkIP network
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� Access technologies� Time synchronization
Energy Plane� Sensors� Electric storage and interconnection� Transmission and Distribution Power
Systems, etc.
… with some vertical enablers� Privacy� Security� Data models
Energy
Control& connectivity
One view of Smart Grid: considering Energy as a network plane
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Actors Energy Plane
Control & Connectivity
Plane
ServicePlane
Grid operator: DSO
Grid operator: TSO
Planes vs. actors of the Smart Grid value chain
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Consumers/Suppliers/generators
Energy Marketplace Actors
Grid Communication/
Communication Network Provider
Service Providers
Increasing level of Involvement
All actors can (and usually do) play a role in each of the 'planes'
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Power meets ICT: a sub-system view
Communication is seen as a service provided by a sub-system� Risk: 'field' communication separated from the 'public' (or internet) one
� For clarification: role of network and service providers
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A part of the IEC SG3 functional architecture
Harmonizing the sub-system and plane view (in standards) is key
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It is also about connectivity
Wireline Netw
ork
Wireless Netw
ork
(IP/MPLS) Core Network
Utility Data and Control Center
Substation
Vehicle Charging Station
Power Station
DER Storage
Utility Office
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Wireline Netw
ork
Wireless Netw
ork
Powerline Communication Network
HAN/LAN
NAN
DER Storage
Utility Pole
Micro Grid
Building (Residential, Business, Industrial, ..)
A variety of possible connectivity scenarios involving many technologies
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Communication capabilities and open business scenarios
The (simplified) example of the home
The home of opportunities� Different models depending, in particular, on (national) regulation
� Different potential architectures (centralized, trusted 3rd party, …)
� Different communications scenarios
Standards impact� Need to define use cases, information flows, open interfaces
BillingCustomer care
Competitiveretail Internet
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Customer care
Individualconsumption info, power delivery and power grid
status
Consumptionmeasurement
and command
retail
Distribution
End-userMeter
EnergyBox
CommsBox
UserInfo
Internet
Wireless
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Reference Architecture: a key in standards work
A variety of views to capture the complexity of Smart Grid:� Conceptual, Functional, Communication, Security, Information, …
AMISubsystem
HomeAutomationSubsystem
DistributionAutomationSubsystem
SubstationAutomationSubsystem
H / 2.1
WAN
AMIHead End
S / 4.1S / 4.2
OperationsSubsystem
1.1
G / 7.2G / 7.1 / 7.3
Power PlantSubsystem
9.1
DERSubsystem
S / 6.1
ERP/ CIS / Billing
8 11
8/11?
AMISubsystem
AMISubsystem
HomeAutomationSubsystem
HomeAutomationSubsystem
DistributionAutomationSubsystem
DistributionAutomationSubsystem
SubstationAutomationSubsystem
SubstationAutomationSubsystem
H / 2.1H / 2.1
WAN
AMIHead End
AMIHead End
S / 4.1S / 4.1S / 4.2S / 4.2
OperationsSubsystemOperationsSubsystem
1.11.1
G / 7.2G / 7.2G / 7.1 / 7.3G / 7.1 / 7.3
Power PlantSubsystemPower PlantSubsystem
9.19.1
DERSubsystem
DERSubsystem
S / 6.1S / 6.1
ERP/ CIS / Billing
ERP/ CIS / Billing
88 1111
8/11?8/11?
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Internet
10.110.2
Internet
10.110.110.210.2
Wir
eli
ne
Ne
two
rk
Wir
ele
ss N
etw
ork
(IP/MPLS) Core Network
Utility Data and Control Center
Substation
Vehicule
Charging Station
Power
Station
Powerline Communication Network
HAN/LAN
NAN
DER Storage
Utility Pole
Micro
Grid
Utility Office
Building (Residential, Business, Industrial, ..)
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A complex Smart Grid standards eco-system
Many actors (and good reasons for that) with associated challenges� Interoperability: key role of Information Models
� Flexibility: open, business model agnostic interfaces
Vision &Framework
Influential Bodies
Service
IERN, ICERUS: FERC,
EU: ER-GEG /
Standards Bodies
Policy & Regulation
IEEE P2030, ITU-T, IEC Smart Grid Strategy GroupJoint Cen, Cenelec and ETSI
ANSI C12, IETF, Zigbee, ETSI
NIST, EPRI, SG-ETP
SEA, INCITS, OpenADR
DLMS, OpenADR,
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Serviceplane
Control & connectivity
plane
US: FERC, EU: ER-GEG /
ACER,CEER
China: SERCFrance: CREUK: OFGEM
Etc.Energyplane
ANSI C12, IETF, Zigbee, ETSIIEC 60870, 61868-70, Cenelec
ANSI C12, IETF, Cenelec,IEEE 1686, 1588, IEC 61850, 62351, Zigbee, ETSI, 3GPP
IEEE PES, 1547, C37, IEC, NERC
DLMS, OpenADR, OPC-UA,
DLMS
DNP, NEMA
27
Harmonization of Requirements, Use cases and Standards is critical
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(Opening) conclusions
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(Opening) conclusions
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The beginning of a transformational journey
Smart Grid is a profound change (and Rome was not built in one day)
� New domains: DER, Electrical vehicle, …� New business models, new actors (incl. the user)� New challenges: security, privacy, green, …� Convergence 2.0: fully ICT-enabled industry
� From communication as a burden to a full opportunity
Smart Grid is there� Business: Network refresh, IP transformation, Smart Metering, …
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� Business: Network refresh, IP transformation, Smart Metering, …� Technologies: in particular, communications (IP, wireless, …)� Standards: gap analysis, use cases, data models, …
More Standards needed to go forward� Reference Architecture and Use cases� Pervasive Communications� Converged Information Models� Security, privacy� …
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A huge collaborative effort ahead: industries, research, standards, …