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Smart Devices: Today, Tommorrow and Beyond
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Transcript of Smart Devices: Today, Tommorrow and Beyond
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6. Dezember 2012Slide 1
Smart Devices: Today, Tomorrow, and Beyond
Dr. Klaus Alfert
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cell phone usage is ubiquitous
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Source: http://gs.statcounter.com/#mobile_vs_desktop-ww-monthly-200812-201210
Mobile web access is growing, yet desktops are still the big majority.
2008
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0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
DesktopMobile
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Tablets and Smartphones Sales outperform Notebooks and Desktop PCs
Number of Units Sold Wordwide (in percent)
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Tablets
Smartphones
Notebook
Desktop
Source: Jan. 2012: Katy uberly, Ehud Gelblum, Morgan Stanley Research
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Will smart devices stay here?
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© Zühlke 2012Smart Devices: Today, Tomorrow, and Beyond | Dr. Klaus Alfert
It is a culture issue of privacy and comfort
Early Phones
• At building entrance
• On the floor
• In the kitchen or living room
In the Sixties
• The long cable appears: make a call from your room!
6. Dezember 2012 Slide 6
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© Zühlke 2012Smart Devices: Today, Tomorrow, and Beyond | Dr. Klaus Alfert
The Big Failure: 1 bill $ loss
The ATT Picture Phone (1970)
• Too expensive
• Too few users
• Too early
And you lose both: comfort and privacy
6. Dezember 2012 Slide 7
Source: http://www.labguysworld.com/MyPicturephone_013.jpg
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Tablets give you both:
comfort and privacy
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Processing TechnologyWelcome to the Jungle
(Herb Sutter)
http://hdwallpaper.freehdw.com/0002/nature-landscapes_hdwallpaper_waterfall-in-the-jungle_17963.jpg
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© Zühlke 2012Smart Devices: Today, Tomorrow, and Beyond | Dr. Klaus Alfert
… but frequencies reach a saturation
Desktop processores stay for 10 years between 2-3 GHz
• Exceptions are very expensive mainframe processors
• Power consumption and heat are severe problems in chip design
Source: Herb Sutter, http://www.gotw.ca/publications/concurrency-ddj.htm
6. Dezember 2012 Slide 11
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© Zühlke 2012Smart Devices: Today, Tomorrow, and Beyond | Dr. Klaus Alfert
What do chip designers do?
Making Use of Increased Chip Size
• Many core systems
• Big caches
Problems
• The need for parallel programming to use the many cores effectively
Homogenous
multi cores
6. Dezember 2012 Slide 12
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Intel Core 2 Quad, 2007, 2 Cores x 2 Threads
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Intel i7 »Nehalem« 2008, 4 Cores × 2 Threads
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Intel i7 »Ivy Bridge«, 2011, 4 Cores, GPU
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Intel Xeon Phi, 2012, 60 Cores, 1TFlop, 1 GHz
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NVIDIA Tesla Kepler GK110, 2496 Cores, 1.1TFlop, 1.1GHz
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© Zühlke 2012Smart Devices: Today, Tomorrow, and Beyond | Dr. Klaus Alfert
Future Developments: in 5-10 years relevant
Laser LEDs for communication between cores
• Not significantly faster (electrons are already at 70% of the speed of light)
• but without leakage currents and parasitic capacities less energy loss
• Higher bandwidth, less interference
Nano-Tubes
• Faster switching
• Reduced leaking energy
Perhaps: Quantum Computing
6. Dezember 2012 Slide 18
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© Zühlke 2012Smart Devices: Today, Tomorrow, and Beyond | Dr. Klaus Alfert
Processors for smart devices are different
Designed for low power
• Reduced frequencies
• Reduced instruction sets (no fpu, no memory mgmt)
System-on-Chip (SoC) approaches
• Add periphery controllers
• Add additional processing units: DSP, GPU
Special Purpose Processors
• Apple’s A4 to A6 are designed for iPhone and iPad exclusively
• ARM processors at the core, but with custom enrichments
Heterogenous
Multi Cores
6. Dezember 2012 Slide 19
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Apple A6 for iPhone 5, 2012, Dual Core, 1.3 GHz
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NVIDIA Tegra 3, 2012, Quadcore, 1.4 GHz
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For many users, mobile processors are strong enough,
so why bother with cables?
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© Zühlke 2012Smart Devices: Today, Tomorrow, and Beyond | Dr. Klaus Alfert
Notebooks are already legacy devices… and have too many cables…
Getting rid of cables!
• Wifi instead of LAN cables
• With UMTS you can leave the office space
• Bluetooth for headsets
• Inductive charging
• NFC for paying, authentication, …
6. Dezember 2012 Slide 23
Source: http://press.nokia.com/wp-content/uploads/mediaplugin/photo/reso/700-nokia-wireless-charging-pillow-by-fatboy-with-nokia-lumia-920.jpg
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Sensors
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© Zühlke 2012Smart Devices: Today, Tomorrow, and Beyond | Dr. Klaus Alfert
From Low Power to No Power:Smart Sensors
No Power design
• Special processor design
• Get power from environment when needed
• Allows for myriads of sensors
NFC: uses induction for energy transfer
Energy harvesting
• Piezo device use mechanical energy to create electrical power
• Use temperature differences6. Dezember 2012 Slide 25
Source: http://www.houseofjapan.com/images/thumbnails/images/2012/07/TDKAnnouncesIndustrysThinnestPowerreceivingCoilforSmartphones-620x350.jpg
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© Zühlke 2012Smart Devices: Today, Tomorrow, and Beyond | Dr. Klaus Alfert
Smart Sensors give Smart Devices new roles
Smart Devices become
• Multiprotocol Communication Hubs
• Universal Displays
• User Controls
Smart Sensors in fixed locations give even more location awareness to Smart Devices
• NFC is just the beginning
6. Dezember 2012 Slide 26
http://www-static.se-mc.com/blogs.dir/0/files/2012/01/smarttags-main-image-620x440.png
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© Zühlke 2012Smart Devices: Today, Tomorrow, and Beyond | Dr. Klaus Alfert 6. Dezember 2012 Slide 27
Examples for new Use-Cases: NFC with active Components
• Dynamic Access Control– Hotel Room– Office Buildings
• Reading and Buffering of Data– Detailed Error- and
Operation Logs of printers, cars, heating
– Meter Readings
• Execution of Transactions– Payment– E-Coupons
Passive Tag
Active Elemen
t
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6. Dezember 2012Smart Devices: Today, Tomorrow, and Beyond | Dr. Klaus Alfert Slide 28
Using Smart DevicesWhat to do with all that cool Hardware?
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© Zühlke 2012Smart Devices: Today, Tomorrow, and Beyond | Dr. Klaus Alfert
General Architecture
6. Dezember 2012 Slide 29
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© Zühlke 2012Smart Devices: Today, Tomorrow, and Beyond | Dr. Klaus Alfert
1
Architecture Tradeoffs
Amount of Data & Processing Power
Self-Contained,DisconnectednessLow Power
Where is the sweet spot for
your app?
6. Dezember 2012 Slide 30
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© Zühlke 2012Smart Devices: Today, Tomorrow, and Beyond | Dr. Klaus Alfert
Design Approaches
Google Maps
• Local Display of Bitmaps, all intelligence in the cloud
SIRI Design
• Local Preprocessing, Compressed Transmission, Cloud for real processing
Context-aware add-on
• Add local information on top of Maps, …
Enable Offline/Disconnected Usage
• Basic information locally available, value added service via cloud
6. Dezember 2012 Slide 31
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© Zühlke 2012Smart Devices: Today, Tomorrow, and Beyond | Dr. Klaus Alfert
More than one device
The Architecture get’s complex
6. Dezember 2012 Slide 32
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© Zühlke 2012Smart Devices: Today, Tomorrow, and Beyond | Dr. Klaus Alfert
Synchronization should simply work
Synchronization of several devices
• Via the cloud
• Directly, e.g. phone controls TV
• All of them
The Change in the Mindset:
• An eBook becomes a service to provide more value
What is the added value for the user?
6. Dezember 2012 Slide 33
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Convergence
http://en.memory-alpha.org/wiki/Star_Trek:_Insurrection
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What to do after inventing the iPod?
Tony Fadell
Source: http://nest.com
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The thermostat for the smartphone generation
Source: http://nest.com, http://9.mshcdn.com/wp-content/gallery/nest-v2-0/Nest%20iPhone%20App.jpg
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Smart Devices as standard UI for all devices
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Augmented Reality @ Smithsonian
http://blogs.smithsonianmag.com/ideas/2012/08/augmented-reality-livens-up-museums/
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https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/mercedes-benz-mbrace/id335276900?mt=8
Control your car with your iPhone
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Use your Smart Device as Navigation System
Source: http://www.imaedia.de/automotive/praxistest-opel-adam-infotainment-navigation-bringgo-app-infinity-sound-interview-video/
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Everything is a display for my Smart Device.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z8EZCPbykfQ
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Screens in Wall-Size
http://www.techfresh.net/panasonic-life-wall/
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© Zühlke 2012Smart Devices: Today, Tomorrow, and Beyond | Dr. Klaus Alfert
Smart Devices become invisible
Smart Devices will be incorporated in
• Glasses
• Earphones
• Clothes
• <your invention goes here>
This will change all aspects of user experience with Smart Devices!
• Increased importance of speech input and output!
6. Dezember 2012
https://plus.google.com/+projectglass/posts
Slide 43
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© Zühlke 2012Smart Devices: Today, Tomorrow, and Beyond | Dr. Klaus Alfert
ConvergenceThe User Paradox
Smart Devices as electronic documents• All documents can be shared between
systems• But sometimes one simply wants to take a
document in each hand
This is how humans work and think: The body is an important concept for humans!
6. Dezember 2012 Slide 44
http://en.memory-alpha.org/wiki/Star_Trek:_Insurrection
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© Zühlke 2012
Smart Devices: Today, Tomorrow, and Beyond
Dr. Klaus Alfert
Making Use Of CamerasGesture Recognition
http://www.bitrebels.com/technology/kinect-hack-minority-report-user-interface-duplicated/
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The Kinect-Prototype to control an app via gestures
only
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Courtesy of Microsoft & GestSure
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Concluding Remarks
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We have some cool technologies.We can envision some standard architectures.
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fit to the culture (changing over time!)
are at the right time
fit to psychological disposition
fit to the task context (specific contexts may need different solutions)
solve a real need of the customer
adds value for the customer
But what we need are new applications that …
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Dr. Klaus AlfertEmail: [email protected]://xing.to/alferthttp://de.linkedin.com/pub/klaus-alfert/87/9b1/93a