66 2006 Acioly Slums of Hope Slums of Despair Audio Visual 1
Slums James Trewby Bosco Volunteer Action. Session aims For participants to have an ‘experience’...
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Transcript of Slums James Trewby Bosco Volunteer Action. Session aims For participants to have an ‘experience’...
![Page 1: Slums James Trewby Bosco Volunteer Action. Session aims For participants to have an ‘experience’ of slums, understanding them as complex situations with.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062515/56649ca55503460f94966c26/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Slums
James Trewby
Bosco Volunteer Action
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Session aims
• For participants to have an ‘experience’ of slums, understanding them as complex situations with both pros and cons
• For participants to consider possible solutions to the problems presented by slums, recognising the complications that may result
![Page 3: Slums James Trewby Bosco Volunteer Action. Session aims For participants to have an ‘experience’ of slums, understanding them as complex situations with.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062515/56649ca55503460f94966c26/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Definitions• Slums are “physical manifestation of
poverty, inequality and social exclusion in urban areas” (DfID)
• slum-dwellers are “a group of individuals living under the same roof that lack one or more of the following conditions: access to water; access to sanitation; secure tenure; durability of housing; and sufficient living area” (UN-HABITAT)
![Page 4: Slums James Trewby Bosco Volunteer Action. Session aims For participants to have an ‘experience’ of slums, understanding them as complex situations with.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062515/56649ca55503460f94966c26/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
If you lived in a slum, do you think these definitions would appear fair
to you?
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The size of the problem• Vary in size from a few hundred to “megaslums” of over
two million people • Estimated over 900 million slum-dwellers worldwide• Not all urban poor live in slums and not all slum-dwellers
are poor• “Residents of slums, while only 6% of the city population
of the developed countries, constitute a staggering 78.2% of urbanites in the least developed countries: this equals fully a third of the global urban population” (Davis 2006, p23).
• Almost half the population of African and Asian towns and cities live in slums
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Causes of slums• Poverty • Pulls – education, work, post-independence dam
burst• Pushes – loss of land, climate change,
“mechanization of agriculture…, food imports…, civil war and drought…, and everywhere the consolidation of small holdings into large ones and the competition of industrial-scale agribusiness – seem to sustain urbanization even when the “pull” of the city is drastically weakened by debt and economic depression” (Davis 2006)
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Growing fast• “Every day close to 200,000 people leave the
world’s rural regions and head for the cities. That’s 130 people arriving every minute; two every second” (Neuwirth in Swift 2006)
• Self-perpetuating:– Families– Children for education– Home from home (religion, language etc)– Increase in population
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Imagine you are the father of a family living in a rural area. What are the arguments for and against
moving to the city/sending a child to study there?
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Problems• Sharing toilets with hundreds of people• Overcrowded and insecure
neighbourhoods• Threat of eviction and lack of tenure• Diseases (cholera, typhoid, HIV/AIDS)• Social and psychological effects - broken
homes and social exclusion
(UN-Habitat)
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Is it all bad?The Place I Love
By Lope Abas, aged 15
The place where I learned to understandmy hopes and ambitions at handThe place I learned to acceptWith all that life could offer.
The place where people don’t want to befor once it was a dumping sea.The Place where all evils hide,Where the angels fear to tread.
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Is it all bad?The place that doesn’t have evenings,with people day and night working.The place that everybody thinksThat’s helpless , hopeless and stinks.
But they don’t know what really lies in this placeafter all,A haven where all my dreams are built.For no one knows that in this placemy happiness truly lives.
PASIL, the place of hope,The place of dreams,The only place of love I’ve ever known.
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Development• "Cities Without Slums" action plan
"By 2020, to have achieved a significant improvement in the lives of at least 100 million slum dwellers as proposed in the "Cities Without Slums" initiative."
• Target 11 of the Millennium Development Goals
But how?Clearance and resettlement?Upgrading?
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Can you see any issues with this?
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Complications• Not all bad – community, cheap housing• Selling on• Violence and human rights violation (e.g.
hot demolition )• “Cities Without Slums” or “Cities
Recognising Slums”, acknowledging the role of informal housing and working towards raising standards within that context (Huchzermeyer 2006)?
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Session aims
• For participants to have an ‘experience’ of slums, understanding them as complex situations with both pros and cons
• For participants to consider possible solutions to the problems presented by slums, recognising the complications that may result