Slides 7 - Indicators and environmental controlling Environmental controlling and the use of indicators Slides 7 - Indicators and environmental controlling Elements of environmental controlling Environmental policy Environmental targets Mass and energy balances Evaluation Planning of measures Implementation Control Organization Documentation Information Slides 7 - Indicators and environmental controlling Management review Management review Planning Environmental aspects Legal/other requirements Objectives and targets Environmental management programme Monitoring/ Corrective action Monitoring and measurement Nonconformance: corrective and preventive action Records EMS audits Start Implementation Structure and responsibility Training, awareness, competence Communication EMS documentation Document control Operational control Measures in case of emergencies Continual improvement! Environmental policy Slides 7 - Indicators and environmental controlling Controlling A feedback system combines planning, reporting, status analysis, deviation analysis and corrective measures Planning Status Deviation analysis Corrective action Slides 7 - Indicators and environmental controlling Input/output analysis Consistent data Illustrates efficiency Evaluation criteria: Quantities Financial values Environmental and toxicological properties Slides 7 - Indicators and environmental controlling Safe on the road? Which indicators? Slides 7 - Indicators and environmental controlling Healthy or not? Which indicators? Slides 7 - Indicators and environmental controlling Aims of indicators Comparison of the actual to the planned situation Comparison of companies Comparison of variations over a period of time Slides 7 - Indicators and environmental controlling Development of a set of indicators Mass balances and costs Targets Set of indicators Targets: reduction of material losses, substitution, cost reduction, environmental improvement, data compression, presentation, analysis, control, decision making. Slides 7 - Indicators and environmental controlling Types of indicators Absolute figures: Basic data (annual consumption, turnover) Totals (total consumption of halogenated solvents) Differences (expenses minus earnings) Average values (half hour averages) Related figures: Relative figures (solvent use per product unit) Normalized figures (use of halogenated solvents over total use of solvents) Index figures (trends) Systematically derived indicators: Complex methods for data aggregation Slides 7 - Indicators and environmental controlling Indicators 1 Non-dimensional indicators Efficiency, yield (product per input) Recycling quota Material-related indicators Cross rate between different materials Production-related indicators Material input per production unit Waste per production unit Plant-related indicators Energy consumption per hour Energy consumption per m Slides 7 - Indicators and environmental controlling Indicators 2 Time-based indicators Waste per shift Water consumption per year Employee-based indicators Material consumption per employee (in offices) Water consumption per employee Emission-based indicators Actual emissions vs. threshold values Slides 7 - Indicators and environmental controlling Definition of indicators Which figures reflect the targets (of my department) best? Which figures are best suited to indicate that these targets are not being met? How are critical deviations best measured? What is the best way of showing who is responsible for a critical deviation? For which indicators is information easily and inexpensively available? Slides 7 - Indicators and environmental controlling Example: Chicken efficiency Is the ratio of sold fried chicken to waste chicken Is the indicator for waste Is the most important indicator in the organization Does it make sense?? Slides 7 - Indicators and environmental controlling Difficulties in defining indicators Two or more different products in changing quantities: Weigh, choose a stable baseline Changes in products or processes: Indicators are only one tool and have to be complemented by more information Comparability between different companies: Be careful: you have to know the context Different data collection methods: Standardize data collection Slides 7 - Indicators and environmental controlling Definition of targets Targets could be: Legal compliance Best available practices and technology Minimization of costs Continuous improvement Slides 7 - Indicators and environmental controlling Targets should be S pecific M easurable A chievable R ealistic T ime framed Slides 7 - Indicators and environmental controlling Reports Frequency: Standard reports Reports on deviation Reports on demand Strictly adapted to the receiver Use standardized structure Include reference values for comparisons Use graphics Slides 7 - Indicators and environmental controlling Template for a short report Topics/Problems: Measures: Indicators: Absolute Indicator consumption (Plan)(Actual) Deviation Raw materials Water Energy Slides 7 - Indicators and environmental controlling We go where we are looking! Slides 7 - Indicators and environmental controlling If we know where we want to go, we can take small steps!