sivas - UoC. · PDF fileElisaveta Sivas Abstract In this ... and use in non-formal occasions...
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1 Elisaveta Sivas Abstract In this paper we try to better understand the sociolinguistic situation in Cyprus through analyzing the linguistic ideologies of the Cypriot population. As Cypriots try to find balance between two distinct identities, Cypriot on a narrower level and Greek on a broader level, they try to find balance also between the two linguistic varieties the Greek language and the Cypriot dialect. As a result they avoid using the elements marked as too Greek or too dialectal and use in non-formal occasions an Urban Cypriot (Karyolaimou, 1992, 2000a), a variety which is neither much Cypriot nor too close to Modern Greek. In formal occasions Cypriot Modern Greek is used (Arvaniti, 2002) which is close to the Modern Greek spoken in Greece but maintains enough characteristics of the dialect and so do not withdraw too much from the Cypriot identity. Cypriot Modern Greek and Urban Cypriot are connected in a linguistic continuum by intermediate varieties. Nevertheless, the speakers do not recognize the existence of the continuum and are aware of two distinct varieties only, Greek , which includes for them both Modern Greek and Cypriot Modern Greek, and Cypriot , which is not associated with the village varieties but with an Urban Cypriot. The belief that Cypriot is Greek , and nothing varies in Cypriot but the pronunciation, leads to the conservation of the balance found in the linguistic situation in Cyprus and prevents the Modern Greek language from superseding the Cypriot dialect. - , , , , , . (metalinguistic and metapragmatic discourse) - . (language ideologies) , , (Woolard, 1998:3). (semiotic processes) , . (Woolard, 1998:19): 1. (recursivity) , , , .
Transcript of sivas - UoC. · PDF fileElisaveta Sivas Abstract In this ... and use in non-formal occasions...
1
Elisaveta Sivas
Abstract
In this paper we try to better understand the sociolinguistic situation in Cyprus through analyzing the linguistic ideologies of the Cypriot population. As Cypriots try to find balance between two d istinct identities, Cypriot on a narrower level and Greek on a broader level, they try to find balance also between the two linguistic varieties
the Greek language and the Cypriot d ialect. As a result they avoid using the elements marked as too Greek or too d ialectal and use in non-formal occasions an Urban Cypriot (Karyolaimou, 1992, 2000a), a variety which is neither much Cypriot nor too close to Modern Greek. In formal occasions Cypriot Modern Greek is used (Arvaniti, 2002) which is close to the Modern Greek spoken in Greece but maintains enough characteristics of the d ialect and so do not withdraw too much from the Cypriot identity. Cypriot Modern Greek and Urban Cypriot are connected in a linguistic continuum by intermediate varieties. Nevertheless, the speakers do not recognize the existence of the continuum and are aware of two d istinct varieties only, Greek , which includes for them both Modern Greek and Cypriot Modern Greek, and Cypriot , which is not associated with the village varieties but with an Urban Cypriot. The belief that Cypriot is Greek , and nothing varies in Cypriot but the pronunciation, leads to the conservation of the balance found in the linguistic situation in Cyprus and prevents the Modern Greek language from superseding the Cypriot dialect.
-
, , , ,
, .
(metalinguistic and metapragmatic
discourse) - .
(language ideologies)
, ,
(Woolard, 1998:3).
(semiotic processes) ,
.
(Woolard, 1998:19):
1. (recursivity)
, ,
,
.
2
2. (erasure)
,
(iconic) .
(1995:118)
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3
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1996). , ,
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« » « »:
4
( , 76 )
-me tus elines milate elinika?
-oi to i jo ine [ ] e ciprjaka ellinika katalavennumen ne / e i [ ] pu
kamnun tom me alon na milisun ellinika / opos milo / opos mila jinete pco katanoitos /
katanoaz me? ara milas ti
lossan tu lau
-merici omos [ ] milane ellinika?
-e ne
-esis oci?
-...na kamno ton e oisti ton fandazmenon ton etsi lalo opoz milo / milo endaksi
« » :
( , 23 )
ja kapcus lo us i... pleopsifia ton ellinon i ios kapcon perioxon ine poli etsi tsinguni es,
li o etsi kutoponiri e... mbori na... o ciprios es su milai, es su lei psemata toso aneta, en
xrisimopci toso ti lossa ja na se ksejelasi eno o ellinas su lei ce afto, ce ecino, ce ecino ce mbori
na lei vlaciez, mbori na lei pra mata mi ali ina alla milai lei, lei, lei...
.
:
( , 21 )
-otan miluse i maria stin arci en miluse poli jalextika jafto itan pco evjenici
-oci itan pco evjenici ce taftoxrona xrisimpcuse li oterusz jalextikus tipus / en ine epi i
en xrisimopcuse jalextikus tipus / mboris na ise evjenestatos akoma ce me ta ciprjaka as
pume
-ce esena su arese perissotero i simberifora tis epi i en xrisimopcuse jalektika...
-e... ne ce afto pistevo ne... e... kapos mu ercete poli vari ja m a kopellitsa as pume pu ine
ce morfomeni ce ine ce o ondijatros na mu riksi ena inda mbu ponis?
-ala stin omilia meta eci ciprjaka sticia?
-sini os ciprjaka mila apla en lei to inda as pume ce merika alla pu ine poli... sima emena
-pca ine afta ta sima emena? ti su xtipai st afti?
-vasika to inda mbu / afto to nd , mb xtipai / inda mbone, inda mbonni, inda mbu eni
/ nomizo tipota allo / to en d e to eni
.
.
(Karyolemou, 2000b). ,
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5
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(language self-hatred, Giles & Niedzielski, 1998:87)
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( , 56 )
-tora etsi na su milo te a ciprjaka / etsi eci kapcus pu milun d e leun vau tim borta /
simeni klise e el lemen pote vae tim borta / i enna klosi / en ipa pote enna kloso / na
stripso / to lene / emena em mu aresci / en to xrisimopco / ute i korez mu ipan pothe /
parolon pu milumen ti jalekto / ine orizmenes leksis pu apofevjis milas ciprjaci jalekto
pco lepti ciprjaci jalekto alla apofevjis orizmenes leksis opote jinete i lossa pco lepthi / pco
ellinici ne ne ellinici / ine i i ja ... sto spiti [ ] / em milumen poli varja
jalekto ila i sto ellinikon perivallon / eci ce pco varja jalekto... / eksartate apo tin ikojenjan /
apo to ikojenjakon perivallon / ean exun sini isi na milun m a lossa etsi varja [ ]
a tim milisun pandu / ce stin ella a ama pane a tim milun
« » ,
« » .
:
( , 56 )
-ne i pco morfomeni an ropi prospa un panda na milun... na min xrisimopcun ekfrasis
varjes / alla en aporripthun ta ciprjaka / ta ciprjaka ine omorfa otan ta milas / [
] joti en elun na apofi un tin jalekto joti ine [ ] to spitin tus /
exumen varja simfona ce en... ta varja simfona... otan na allakso tim brofora ine sce on
6
prospiisi ila i aporriptho ti icim mu lossa / e elo aploz na tin kano kaliteri alla tin
aporriptho
-ti a sceftite jafton pu milai poli elinika stin periptosi pu en terjazun?
-ne en a scefto tipote / aplos s emena a po jati milai etsi?.. ezisen stin ella an d e
sini isen dtoso poli ti jalekton pu em bori na milisi... sa giprios? alla an en ezise xronja stin
ella a tote a ine prospiisi...
,
,
( , 1992, 2000a),
, ,
.
50 , ,
( ,
2000a). « » (town speech)1 (Newton, 1972)
« » (local Cypriot Koine) (Kolitsis, 1988). ,
(2000:119),
, , , «
», , , « »,
,
.
,
.
,
, .
.
. ,
.
(Cypriot Modern Greek, Arvaniti, 2002)
(Arvaniti, 2002).
« »
( , 2000a:44) « » (Cypriot rendition
of Standard Modern Greek) (Davy, Ioannou, Panayotou, 1996:129).
(2002)
« », .
, (2002), « »
, ,
7
, , ,
.
,
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( . Arvaniti, 2002
Karyolaimou & Pavlou, 2000
). :
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, .
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( , 1992, 2000a) ( . 1).
1. .
I I I I I IIIII I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I
2000-2001 (Sivas, 2003)
.
8
-
( , 1992).
.
.
( , 21 )
-...as pume ton paracimeno ipes oti a to xrisimopcisis sto ra jofono ala en a to xrisimopcisis stin
episimi periptosi... ama milas evjenika ciprjaka ala oci sto ra jofono
-mbori na xrisimopciso ce eci ton mbaracimeno
-to u, u, d u...
-e afta afta ne afta ine pu jaferi si ura... afta tulaciston posotika a ine li otera / sto
ra jofono mono an mu ksefiji
-a en a ta xrisimopcisis
-oci a miliso ce stisz io peripthosis e oso pco ellinika mboro alla eksartate apo to
katastima ipame omos
-ne ndaksi ala su leo otan ine arceta episimi i periptosi
-ne... afta ta piezzun perissotero ila i e... afta [
] sto katastima peripu
a mu ksefev un... perissotero / a afino na mu ksefev un
-eno sto ra jofono oci?
-oci
,
. « »
« ». « »
, ,
,
(Karyolaimou, Pavlou, 2000). «
» ,
.
(Arvaniti 2002). ,
,
, « ».
:
( , 73 )
-...exumen jafores losses / ine plusja lossa i ellinici
-ciprjaci?
-ellinici ciprjaci / to i jon ine / otal lemen tin ellinici simeni d e ciprjaka / en to i jon bpra man / en e i jafora... aku na is en jaferi tipote / monon i profora jaferi / i jalektos
9
/ i lossa... la gvid ... ine i i ja / ta rammata / to alfa vita ej mbi si ine ta i ja / omos i profora
katalavis? profora katalavis? / d e sti gipron exume jafores profores ja na katalavis axame
mbori na milumen etsi / se allo stin bpafon na milun jaforetika... alles (?) tuta pu milumen tora
en ulla / milumen ta i ja / ellinika enun ulla ellinika
( , 52 )
-i lossa mas ine ellinici / e i omos kapces alla ... e... kapca simfona
-ama milai kapcjos poli ellinika...
-ne prospa i na vali d e tim brofora oci mono tis leksis / jati emis milumen ta i ja /
milumen ellinika alla exun tim brofora
« »
« ».
, , , .
(erasure),
.
, ,
.
« »
.
.
.
,
.
( . Arvaniti, 2002).
« »,
( ) ( )
.
,
.
10
« »,
.
« » « »
,
, ,
.
1 « » (village speech) (Newton, 1972).
Arvaniti, Amalia. 2002. The maintenance of d iglossia in Cyprus and the emergence of Cypriot
Standard Greek . Manuscript (April 2002).
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Orient et Occident, 127-136. Lyon: Maison de l Orient mediterraneen.
Giles, Howard & Niedzielski, Nancy. 1998. Italian is beautiful, German is ugly . Language
Myths, ed. by Laurie Bauer & Peter Trudgill, 85-93. Penguin Books.
Newton, Brian. 1972. Cypriot Greek. Its Phonology and Inflections. The Hague: Mouton.
Kolitsis A. M. 1988. The present day Cypriot d ialect . The history of the Greek Language in
Cyprus, Proceedings of an International Symposium Sponsored by the Pierides
Foundation, 215-222. Larnaca, Cyprus: Pierides Foundation.
Papapavlou, Andreas N. 1998. Attitudes towards the Greek Cypriot d ialect: Sociocultural
implications . International Journal of the Sociology of Language 134. 15-28.
Sciriha, Lydia. 1996. A Question of Identity: Language Use in Cyprus. Nicosia: Intercollege Press.
Sivas, Elisaveta. 2003. « .
». ,
23
, 17-19 2002, ,
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Woolard, Kathryn A. 1998. Introduction. Language Ideology as a Field of Inquiry . Language
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85-93. New York: Oxford University Press.
, . 1992. Statu t de fait et statu t subjectif: Quelques remarques a propos
de la communaute sociolinguistique chypriote . ,
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, 255-266. .
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_____ 2000a. « : ;» / La langue grecque
et ses dialetes, . .- ., , 43-48. :
.
_____ 2000b. Ne touchez pas a mon dialecte . The Canadian Journal of Applied Linguistics 3, 1-2.
91-105.
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: Gutenberg.
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