Site Waste Management Plans What they are and What makes a good one Local Authorities sustainable...

Site Waste Management Plans

What they are and

What makes a good one

Local Authorities

sustainable direction ltd.3 The Steadings Business CentreMaisemore, GloucestershireGL2 8EY UKT +44 (0) 1452 382218web www.sustainabledirection.com

sustainable directiont h i n k i n g o f t h e f u t u r e

The QuestionsThe Questions

• What are Site Waste Management Plans?

• Why are they necessary?

• What do they require?

• How do we assess them?

• What do we need to do once we have them?

Who am I?Who am I?

• Sustainable Direction Ltd

• www.sustainabledirection.com

WHAT IS WASTE?

©2008 Sustainable Direction Ltd

Waste by any other name!Waste by any other name!

• RubbishRubbish• By-productBy-product• AllowanceAllowance• Over-weightsOver-weights• Under-weightsUnder-weights• Off-spec productOff-spec product• EffluentEffluent• SweepingsSweepings• Out of shelf lifeOut of shelf life• Process LossProcess Loss• PackagingPackaging

• Cancelled OrdersCancelled Orders• Damaged goodsDamaged goods• SecondsSeconds• Conveyor LossConveyor Loss• DregsDregs• DrossDross• SwarfSwarf• Off-cutsOff-cuts• EvaporationEvaporation• Inspection lossInspection loss• ResidueResidue

• Dirty SolventDirty Solvent• RagsRags• LeakageLeakage• DustDust• Wash-WaterWash-Water• SamplesSamples• Obsolete StockObsolete Stock• ReturnsReturns• ReworkRework• ShrinkageShrinkage• ScrapScrap


• What are Site Waste Management Plans?

• Why are they necessary?

• What do they require?

• How do we assess them?

• What do we need to do once we have them?

A SWMP isA SWMP is

• a plan that details • the amount and type of waste that will be produced on a

construction site and

• how it will be re-used, recycled or disposed of

• required for development projects of a value greater than £300k

• additional requirements for projects over £500k


• must be produced by an appropriate person before the work commences

• must be updated during the construction process to record

• how the waste is managed and

• to confirm that material which cannot be re-used or recycled is disposed of at a legitimate facility.

Timeline

• July 2004 – SWMP introduced in DTI’s Voluntary Code of Practice

• 2007 – SWMP as part of Defra’s Waste Strategy 2007

• April 2008 – SWMP Regulations 2008


Site Waste Management Plans Regulations 2008

• Effective NOW

• Does not apply to Part A installations under Environmental Permitting (England & Wales) Regulations 2007 (PPC Installations)

ScopeProjects with a value Projects with a value greater greater

than £300,000than £300,000 involving: involving:

• construction, construction,

• alteration, alteration,

• conversion,conversion,

• fitting out, fitting out,

• commissioning, commissioning,

• renovation, renovation,

• repair, repair,

• upkeep, upkeep,

• redecoration,redecoration,

• maintenance, maintenance,

• cleaning, cleaning,

• de-commissioning,de-commissioning,

• demolition or dismantling,demolition or dismantling,

• site clearance, site clearance,

• exploration and investigation, exploration and investigation,

• on-site assembly, on-site assembly,

• disassembly, including electrical, disassembly, including electrical, gas, water, sewage, compressed gas, water, sewage, compressed air, hydraulic, telecommunication, air, hydraulic, telecommunication, computer or similar services. computer or similar services. (CDM)(CDM)

It is alsoIt is also

• A mechanism to control and reduce waste costs

• A regulatory compliance tool

• A project management tool

• A risk management tool

• A “proof” that wastes were disposed of correctly

• Fly tipping

Fly-tippingFly-tipping

• A rising crime issue

• In the UK, someone fly-tips every 35 seconds

• Approx. 1/5 of all fly-tipping is C&D waste

• Approx. 1/3 of the more serious incidents are C&D waste

• Fly-tipping costs the tax payer (you and me!) £50million / year

Why is waste important?Why is waste important?

• Regulatory Burden

• Impact on sustainability

• Impact on projects and budget

• Anti-Competitive

• Health and Safety Risk

• Shortage of landfill and hazardous waste capacity

WHAT IS THE TRUE COST OF WASTE?


Waste Costs UK IndustryWaste Costs UK Industry£15 BILLION£15 BILLIONper Annumper Annum

Reducing Waste reveals Hidden Profit!Reducing Waste reveals Hidden Profit!

• Demonstrations have shown that up to 4.5% of TURNOVER can be converted to profit!

• Typically this is between 1 and 3 percent

• For a company working on a 10% nominal margin this can significantly improve profitability

True cost of wasteTrue cost of waste• 8 cu yd skip

• Skip hire £85

• Labour to fill skip £163

• Cost of materials put in skip £1095

• TOTAL COST £1343

• (Source: AMEC)

• But still not the true cost!!!

True cost of WasteTrue cost of Waste

True Cost of Waste

Waste Disposal Costs & Taxes

Poor Quality/DamagedRaw Materials

Energy, Water & Labour Costs & Taxes

Time ManagingMaterials, Rework& Waste

Poor Work & Rework

Wasted Raw & ConsumableMaterials

Design Driven Waste

Waste Costs Waste Costs MoreMore Than You Think! Than You Think!

• We pay to buy in resource

• We pay staff to handle it

• We “rent” space to store it

• We use energy and time converting it into waste

• We transport it in and out of our premises

• NOW - We now pay to dispose of it

• Or - We let it escape

• Or - We let it perform no useful function

• WHAT IS THE TRUE COST OF WASTE?


• What are Site Waste Management Plans?What are Site Waste Management Plans?

• Why are they necessary?Why are they necessary?

• What do they require?What do they require?

• How do we assess them?How do we assess them?

• What do we need to do once we have them?What do we need to do once we have them?

TO:

• to improve resource efficiency within the construction industry

• BY

• reducing the amount of waste produced

• maximising the reuse or recycling of any waste generated

• minimising the amount of waste that goes for disposal

The UK Construction IndustryThe UK Construction Industry

• Uses 420m tonnes of solid resources per annum• Not to mention water, fuels and wastes arising from

the indirect generation of energy

• Only 2/3 of this is added to the building stock

• The rest is waste (approx 150m tonnes)

• ca90 Mta construction and demolition waste

• ca2m Mta production and packaging waste

• ca59 Mta quarry waste

©2008 Compass Professional Development Ltd

www.compasspd.com

13% of all materials delivered to site enter the 13% of all materials delivered to site enter the waste stream directly without ever having been waste stream directly without ever having been used used

Void space is 40% of skipsVoid space is 40% of skips

Duty Of Care

• Environmental Protection (Duty of Care) Regs 1991• Waste must be passed to responsible persons

• Treaters, keepers, carriers, brokers, disposers

• Records of Transfer must be kept• general waste transfer notes

• hazardous waste transfer notes

• We cannot just ‘pass the buck’ - we must have made all reasonable efforts to ensure that the waste has been handled properly

• THE LESS WE PRODUCE THE LESS IS OUR BURDEN!

A key policy toolA key policy tool

• Planning Policy Statement PPS10

• ‘proposed new developments should be supported by site waste management plans of the type encouraged by the code of practice published by DTI’

• Code for Sustainable Homes

• One of 5 elements required by code

• Waste Strategy Review (England) 2006

• Key policy tool

Code for Sustainable Homes

• It is MANDATORY at all levels of the Code for a SWMP to be developed and implemented

• For a development where the cost is less than £300,000, this element will be awarded by default

• Department for Communities and Local Government, 2008, The Code for Sustainable Homes; Setting the standard is sustainability for new homes


BENEFITS to LAs of SWMP include:• Reductions in construction waste to landfill

• Targets for reduction in commercial waste can be met and exceeded

• Differentiation from competitors

• Demonstrating good environmental performance

• …Revenue stream

• SWMP are good!

• But are they being applied to their full potential?


Reception so far…• SECBE Survey September 2008

• 475 participants, only 36% actually completed a SWMP

• 43% of Local Authorities did not understand when a SWMP was required

• Over half of Clients and Contractors think responsibility lies solely with the Environment Agency (EA), and worryingly 100% of participating Local Authorities believed that the powers of enforcement lie solely with the Environment Agency.


Reception so far… Netregs survey 2008• 51.2% of construction firms are still unaware that

SWMP are mandatory for projects over £300,000 in England.

• BUT 45% have reported money savings for their business as a direct result of the SWMP.

• 83 per cent of respondents have, in the last 12 months, looked at the way they work and have tried to find ways to reduce the amount of waste they produce.

• Two thirds of respondents have also changed the way that they work to prevent or reduce harm to the environment.


Activity 1• A SWMP is being reviewed. Within your

organisation, note down:• Who it would go to in the first instance

• Who it would be passed to

• What happens if there is a renovation worth £340,000? Doesn’t need planning but DOES need a SWMP!


A SWMP is required by LAW for a client…• ….but NOT required as part of the planning

process.

• Planning permission for renovating – X

• SWMP for renovating – YES

• How do you capture these???

• Set Triggers in your organisation


Triggers examples;• SWMP representative is notified anytime there

are works worth more than £300,000?

• SWMP training in each department?• “Nothing slips through the net”

• SWMP Champion in Building Regs?• Unique to your departmental layout and internal

structure


THINK:• WHO this information relates to within your

organisation

• WHO has ownership of these issues?

• HOW will that sector enforce the SWMP?


Main requirementMain requirement

• Any client who intends to carry out a construction project on one site with an estimated project value greater than £300,000 must produce a site waste management plan before work begins. (can be delegated to principal contractor)

• Covers the process from construction design and planning to completion of the construction work.

• He must plan, design, manage and monitor the construction phase in a way which ensures that, so far as is reasonably practicable, it is carried out without consigning as waste any materials that could otherwise be re-used, recycled or recovered on-site or off-site.


Before Work Begins

• For all projects over £300,000

• the identity of:• the Client

• the Principal Contractor

• the person who drafted the Plan

Before Work Begins• A description of the works proposed including:

• the location of the site; and

• the estimated value of the project• including labour, plant, materials, overheads and

profit)

• Or agreed tender figure


Before Work Begins• It must include decisions on any of the following

used to minimise the quantity of waste on site:

• Nature of the project

• Design

• Construction Methods and Materials


Before Work Begins

• A description of the works proposed including: • a description of the waste types that will be produced in the

course of the project;

• an estimate of the volume of each different waste produced;

• the waste management action proposed for each waste type i.e. reuse, recycling, recovery or disposal; and

• a declaration that the principal contractor will take all reasonable steps to ensure that waste management controls e.g. the duty of care, will be observed.


Once work begins >£300kOnce work begins >£300k

• The Principal Contractor needs to record, each time waste is uplifted:• the identity of the person removing the waste;

• the types of waste removed; and

• the site that the contractor is taking the waste to

Once work begins >£500kOnce work begins >£500k• The Principal Contractor needs to record, each time

waste is uplifted:

• When any waste is removed from the construction site—• the identity of the person removing the waste;

• a waste carrier registration number of the carrier;

• Site the waste is being taken to; and

• a copy of, or reference to, the waste description as detailed on the waste transfer note.

When work begins >£500kWhen work begins >£500k• As often as necessary to ensure that the plan

accurately reflects the progress of the project, and in any event not less than every six months, he must—• assess the plan;

• record the types and quantities of waste produced;

When work begins >£500kWhen work begins >£500k

• Record the types and quantities of waste that have been —• re-used on and off site

• recycled for use on and off site;

• Sent for another form of recovery (on or off site);

• sent to landfill

• Otherwise disposed of; and

• Update the plan to reflect the progress of the project.

After completion >£300kAfter completion >£300k

• Within three months of the work being completed he must add to the plan• confirmation that the site waste management plan

has been monitored on a regular basis to ensure that work is progressing according to the plan and that the plan was updated in accordance with this regulation; and

• An explanation of any deviation from the plan

After work > £500kAfter work > £500k

• As for > £300k, PLUS

• A comparison of the estimated quantities of each waste type against the actual quantities of each waste type;

• An estimate of the cost savings that have been achieved by completing and implementing a SWMP

ResponsibilitiesResponsibilities

• In cases where the client and the principal contractor are different people or organisations, the regulations make them equally responsible for compliance with the regulations.

• The definitions of client and principal contractor are based on Construction, Design and Management Regulations (CDM) 1994.

ResponsibilitiesResponsibilities

• It will be the responsibility of the principal contractor to delegate individual responsibilities for waste management tasks to contractors/sub-contractors within the terms of their contract.

• The person who drafts and implements a SWMP will be ultimately responsible for ensuring compliance with its content.

• The Plan should clearly attribute responsibility for any actions concerning waste to a specific contractor or subcontractor.

Monitoring and regulationMonitoring and regulation• Powers awarded to both local authorities and the

Environment Agency to check SWMPs and, where necessary, to take enforcement action.

• The Environment Agency, in common with its role in targeting waste crime, will be able to investigate more serious cases of waste offences.

• These might initially have been identified by the local authority.

Monitoring and regulation• What Powers does an LA officer have?

– For the purposes of these Regulations an officer of a local authority authorised to enforce these Regulations has all the powers of an officer of the Environment Agency under section 108 of the Environment Act 1995


Environment Act 1995 Section 108 says:• Person who appears suitable to an enforcing authority

may be authorised in writing by that authority to exercise, in accordance with the terms of the authorisation, any of the powers specified in subsection (4) below for the purpose— • (a) of determining whether any provision of the pollution

control enactments in the case of that authority is being, or has been, complied with;

• (b) of exercising or performing one or more of the pollution control functions of that authority; or

• (c) of determining whether and, if so, how such a function should be exercised or performed.


Purpose of SWMP = Effective reductions in landfill

• SO

• Effective monitoring and enforcement needs to be in place• How to mark SWMP

• What to do when you have them

• What makes a good one


Strategy - ?• Monitoring

• Read their plans

• Check their plans

• Have the explored all options?

• Enforcement• What can you do about it?


OffencesOffences• Failure to make or keep a SWMP (or one which

fails to meet the minimum criteria) and comply with the requirements of Schedule 1

• Fail to produce a SWMP upon your request, or a request from an officer of the Environment Agency.


• Make a false statement in a SWMP (knowingly or recklessly)

• Fail to assist an authorised officer of the Environment Agency or local authority in requesting supporting evidence or documentation

• Fail to comply with, or implement the terms of a SWMP

PenaltiesPenalties• Persons guilty of any offence under the

regulations are liable to:

• on summary conviction, to a fine not exceeding £50,000; or

• on conviction on indictment, to a fine.

• Fixed Penalty Notice (£300)

The Marking SchemeThe Marking Scheme• Useful ‘aide memoir’ for checking a SWMP

• But still at your discretion• Have they put enough locators in to identify the site

appropriately?

• Have they explored all waste management options available to them?

• Are their expected quantities of waste realistic, and have they put in place appropriate management actions? (e.g. number of skips for each type of waste)

A Site Waste Data FormA Site Waste Data Form• This records the types and quantities of waste

arising and their management

• Used by principal contractor to record and monitor performance and targets

• Useful to check waste movements, helping with Duty of Care requirements

• Easy to produce and keep updated

• Easy to advocate

Site Waste Management Plan data sheetSite Waste Management Plan data sheet

Types of waste arising (add more rows if needed):Material Quantity (in m3)

Re-used on site

Re-used off site

Recycled for use on site

Recycled for use off site

Disposal to

recycling facility

Disposal to WML exempt

site

Disposal to

landfill

Inert

Project nameProject address/locationMain contractorPerson responsible for waste management on site (name and job title)Person and company completing this form, if different

Waste management optionsWaste management options

• Identify waste management options

• Consider the waste hierarchy - On- and off-site options• re-used on-site,

• re-used off-site;

• recycled for use on-site;

• recycled for use off-site;

• sent to recycling facility;

• sent to waste management licence exempt site; or

• sent to landfill site for disposal.

Waste HierarchyWaste Hierarchy

REDUCE

REUSE

RECYCLE

DISPOSAL

Resource Optimisation – Rethink Design

Source Reduction – Accurate estimating and ordering

Reduce Packaging – Reverse Distributionto suppliers

Prevention – materials saving techniques

Deconstruction – Disassemble buildings torecover materials

Reuse – in place of new materials

Up cycle – Create value-added products

Recycle – raw materials for the sameor equal use

Down cycle – Raw materials for alower value product

Increasing Desirability

(financial & environm

ental)

RECOVERY

AVOID

Materials and/or Energy

Reduce! Contractors should ensure they:Reduce! Contractors should ensure they:

• Don’t over design structure

• Don’t oversize

• Don’t cut section from solid wherever possible

• Design to standard sizes

• Hazardous level

Re-measure! Contractors should ensure:Re-measure! Contractors should ensure:• Re-measure to avoid over-ordering

• Reduce over-ordering to minimum

• +/- 10% is wasteful

• 5% excess for damage replacement is excessive

• Re-measure on site and pay for what is installed

Reject and return! Contractors should ensure:Reject and return! Contractors should ensure:• Reject

• Hazardous waste materials

• Defective materials

• Packaging materials

• Return

• ‘Sale or return’

• Take-back schemes

Reuse! Contractors should ensure:Reuse! Contractors should ensure:• Reuse formwork (4-5 times)

• Use proprietary steel hoardings or fencing

• Reuse offcuts

• Reclamation materials

Recycle or Recover! Contractors should ensure:Recycle or Recover! Contractors should ensure:

• Recycle• Down-cycle and up-cycle

• For use on-site or off-site

• Markets for materials e.g. plastics, timber, metals,

• Recycling of inert material into aggregates

• Recover• Materials, e.g. Composting of organic material

• Energy, e.g. Waste used as a fuel

Waste Is The Symptom, Not The Disease!Waste Is The Symptom, Not The Disease!• We live in a wasteful culture

• personally and in business

• We consistently undervalue our resources• especially when they are “the company’s”

• We think that it is easier to dispose of things than to not• it is not worth spending time to find other ways to deal with it

• When it has left the site it is someone else's problem• Out of sight - out of mind!

Activity 2 - What would you do?Activity 2 - What would you do?

• For common waste streams• Suggest waste options with reasons

• What alternatives might there be?

• What stops you using those options?

• You have 20 minutes and 5 minutes each for feedback.

Waste Management Facilities – Using the right ones?Waste Management Facilities – Using the right ones?

• Identify waste management sites and contractors• Licensed or exempt facilities

• Registered waste carriers

• Appropriate contractual requirements• Provision of volume and cost data

• Proof of transfer / disposal

• Include compliance with all legal responsibilities such as Duty of Care

Planning Waste HandlingPlanning Waste Handling

• Plan for efficient materials and waste handling• How would you do this?

• Early planning essential

• When?• Set indicative targets

• What targets would you set?

©2008 Compass Professional Development Ltd

Plan to Avoid This!Plan to Avoid This!

• Poor housekeeping

• Poor risk management

• Health & Safety

• Environment

• Poor financial control

• Ineffective management

Site segregation of materials Site segregation of materials

Plasterboard Cardboard / paper

MetalTimber

Remember Activity 1• Who will receive it?

• Who will pass it on?

• Who needs this information, i.e. who will enforce it?

• Triggers set up.

• How will you make sure the information gets to those who need it?


Methodologies for practical enforcement• Get the plan where it needs to be

• Read their plan

• Check it has all that is required

• Check they are doing what they say they are doing.


Check that the plans are appropriateCheck that the plans are appropriate

• Use the LA Marking Scheme to check the SWMP plans are• Identifying all their waste streams

• Managing them appropriately (have they considered all the alternatives?)

Activity 3• Mark a SWMP!

• Does this SWMP fill all the requirements?

• Does it identify all waste streams?

• Have they handled them appropriately?


Check for recordsCheck for records• Check they are doing what their plan says they

are doing

• Records help in the audit trail

• Especially illegal fly-tipping.

Common failures of SWMPs

• Is the Principle Contractor communicating the SWMP to all contractors?

• Have they made it part of the site induction?

• Are they regularly reviewing and revising the plan?


Capturing this data

• Will help SWMP become more efficient for the future

• Write your comments and ideas down

• What makes a good plan? You will help to evolve best practice


Check the reviewCheck the review

• They must review how the SWMP worked

• It would be useful for them to identify learning points for future projects

• And then, to share the learning with all appropriate colleagues

• There must also be an explanation for any deviation from the plan.

Questions

Any questions?

Site Waste Management Plans What they are and What makes a good one Local Authorities sustainable...

Documents

Transcript of Site Waste Management Plans What they are and What makes a good one Local Authorities sustainable...