SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE, BUILDING AND DESIGNBachelor of Quantity Surveying (Honours)

INTEGRATED ASSIGNMENT:MEASUREMENT I (QSB60104)

CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY I (BLD 60104)BUILDING MATERIALS (BLD 62003)

SITE VISIT REPORT

STUDENT NAME:LIM ZI SHAN

STUDENT ID NO.:0320372

DATE OF SUBMISSION: 27.12.2015 FRIDAY

Introduction

A site visit was conducted by Sr.Ang Fuey Lin and Ms. Azrina on 19 November

2015. The location of the site visit was at Sekyen 2A, Antara Gapi, Hulu Selangor,

Selangor. A total of 83 students took part in this site visit. The agenda of this site visit is

to provide an opportunity for students to learn how a pad footing is constructed and

what are the materials used for constructing a pad footing. Valuable information were

shared among the students and the contractors regarding the visit especially on the

operation of the project.

The objective of this site visit is to let students understand the basics of the

construction process. Student can witness the usage of construction equipment on site

including the mechanical plants. This is also an opportunity for students to explore and

identify the types of materials and technology on site. At the end of the site visit, student

are able to explain the construction of buildings and the scientific principles that

underpin the design and construction.

Before leaving for the site visit, students were given all the safety measures that

need to be taken at the construction site. Students are required to wear their helmet and

proper attire so that it would not cause any accidents or any inconvenience to the

authorities at the site. All the students gathered at the university at 8 a.m. and leave

around 8.45 a.m. After traveling by bus for an hour, we reached the construction site

around 9.45 a.m. We were introduced to the contractors who would be guiding us

throughout the site visit. We were given a short brief about the safety measures at the

site by the contractors.

The overview plan of theconstruction site.

Detail drawing for the pad footing,stating their diameter and sizes.

Organizational chart of theproject.

Content / Technical Observation

The first thing we saw when we walked into the construction site is

reinforcement bars. There were high tensile steel rods and mild yield

reinforcements which is arranged accordingly to their diameter and types. Sr.

Ang has also provided us more details about the bend for reinforcement bars and

the links. The lecturers and contractors gave us some time to take photos of the

surroundings for the report purpose and proceeded to our next location of the

construction site shortly after.

Proceeding to the next section of the site, we saw pad footing that is

already done, leaving only the stump above the ground and the footing covered

by the soil. As we were moving on to the next location, we can see brick bonds

that are used for the buildings which is stretcher bond. Different types of material

in construction can be found along the path in the site such as claybricks,

aluminum that is used as rood support, timber as formwork and scaffolding, and

cement for constructing the concrete.

Next, we headed to another section where the workers are in

progress of constructing the pad footing. The contractor explained to us the

process of the construction for pad footing. First of all, the surveyor will mark the

position for the house as to provide convenience for the workers to able to mark

another position for the square of pad footing. The workers will conduct a 1.5 m

deep of excavation for pad footing of any sizes. By following the measurement

from the detail drawing, the workers will build the formwork for the footing with

the given sizes. Most of the formworks are constructed using timber. After

constructing the formwork, the workers will lay the lean concrete as base before

they started putting in the reinforcement bars. They will place the reinforcement

bars for the footing based on what has given to them in the detail drawing. The

stump for the footing will be added into the footing and it has to be done as

stated in the detail drawing regarding the number of stumps and links in the

stump. After that, they will start constructing the concrete for the footing. The

formwork of the stump will begin and the workers will bury the footing as to cover

them up to enable the construction of the ground beam. The ground beam act as

the frame of the house. The ground slab which is the floor for the house, can only

be constructed after the ground beam has been constructed. The workers will

flatten the soil to construct ground slab and then inject the termiticide to prevent

termite infestation. Workers will construct a lean concrete for the ground slab and

then they will start adding mesh fabric reinforcement(BRC) with the correct sizes

and diameter. The materials used in constructing a pad footing is timber for

formworks, concrete for lean concrete and reinforced concrete of the footing,

stumps, beam and slab, reinforcement bars and BRC to strengthen the support

for the building.

After taking all the photos and getting the information we needed which

used up quite some time, the contractor then providing us information about the

houses being built there, Type 1 (from the overview plan) buildings are all flat

houses and type 2A houses are step-down houses, both of these houses used

piling as their foundation. 2B houses are step-up houses, where they used piling

foundation for the side and corner houses and piling foundation for the middle

houses however the foundation for some of the houses still depends on the soil

condition of that location.

By the time we reach the end of the site, the contractor brought us to the

cabin of the site where they kept all the detail drawings of the project and he

gave us his time to let us ask him questions to make sure that we got the

information we needed. Before we leave, all of us shook hands with the 3

contractors who have been guiding and explaining to us all the time to express

our gratitude to them.

Color schemes proposed for the houses atthe construction site.

Figure 4 : Heavy machinery that is used onthe construction site.

Figure 1 : Roof support.

Figure 3 : Cement mixer.

Figure 2 : The building isconstructed with stretcher bond.

Figure 1 : Roof support.Figure 1 : Roof support.

Figure 6 : Links or stirrups .

Figure 5 : 12 meter long steel bar whichMs. Ang had told us about during her

lectures.

Figure 7 : Reinforcement bars.

Figure 15: Mesh fabric reinforcement(BRC).

Figure 9 : Bend of a steel bar.

Figure 8 : Tying wires to tie the rebarstogether.

Figure 13 : The worker is dismantling theformwork for the footing

Figure 12 : Link of a column.

Figure 14 : Workers are constructingformwork for stump.

Figure 16 : Various types of roof tilesincluding Double Roman, angle section

plain tiles, etc.

Figure 17 : Ground beam, ground slaband stump for the building.

Figure 4 : The workers are settingup the formwork for ground beam.

Figure 18 : Claybrick that is used inthe construction site.

Figure 14 : The types of doorknobsand locksets for the houses.

Figure 15 : Double Roman roof tilesfrom Frontier.

Figure 10 : Independent scaffolding .

Figure 16 : Temporary works whichis a resting area for the workers.

Conclusion

At the end of the site visit, by outdoor learning experience, I have

understand that it is important to take safety measures at any construction sites

to prevent any accidents that may happen to you or anyone else. To me, this site

visit has given me the opportunity to experience new things and understand more

about the job scope of each profession that is involved in a construction project.

It is crucial for them to work together because they need each other for things to

work out in a construction project.

I have acquired better understanding on what I’ve been learning in

this semester such as how does stirrups looked like, how pad footing is

constructed, or what kind of materials are used in constructing pad footing. Being

able to witness the process of constructing a pad footing is a meaningful

experience to me. I am able to relate it to what I’ve learned from the books.

There are some situation where the foundation of the building can be different

from the other building based on the condition of the soil, and not just using the

same foundation for the same type of the building.

I am also able to identify materials that is used during the site visit

and what is the purpose for using it for that particular reason. Having to work

under such harsh sunlight is both tiring and dangerous, accidents may happen

and it can cause serious injuries. We have to appreciate and be thankful for

those who involved in the construction field.