Sigmund Freud The First Armchair Psychiatrist. Why does he matter? Freud is the first major...
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Transcript of Sigmund Freud The First Armchair Psychiatrist. Why does he matter? Freud is the first major...
Sigmund FreudThe First Armchair Psychiatrist
Why does he matter?
Freud is the first major theorist of Psychology - he began the movement that viewed the unconscious mind as the source of all behavior
Theories are most significantly applied to PERSONALITY.
What is the Unconscious mind?
We cannot knowingly connect to it = REPRESSION It only comes out when we are not conscious (e.g.
dreams), or by accident - like a reaction (e.g. Freudian slip)
The unconscious mind is responsible for our behavior without us realizing it.
So?
If you are to cure anyone you need to go through the unconscious mind
How do you get at the unconscious mind?
Free association - patient responds to a prompt
Dream analysis - dreams are unconscious urges so try to understand them
Where does personality come from?
For Freud, personality is the result of our efforts to resolve the conflict between our biological impulses and social restraints against them.
How do things fit together?
Mind is theoretically composed of several parts: id, ego, superego
Id
Ego
Superego
Our Psyche
ID - pleasure principle
contains instinctual/biological urges - our unconscious desires
Problems can happen when ID desires begins to take over.
EGO - reality principle
Rational process of our mind that counteracts the Id.
Gratifies the Id’s impulses in realistic ways.
SUPEREGO - moral principle
Moral part of our mind, our conscience, holds us to moral principles.
Goes beyond reality into an ideal sense of behavior.
Development of PersonalityThe Psychosexual Stages
Psychosexual Stages
The Id in children focuses its pleasure seeking energies on different areas of the body - each part of the body is a stage of development.
Oral Stage
0-18 months
Pleasure is focused on the mouth.
Anal Stage
18-36 months
Pleasure is focused on bowel and bladder elimination.
Phallic Stage
3-6 years
Pleasure zone is genitals - this is when kids start to cope with incestuous feelings.
A baby's fight for mom's attention
Oedipus/Electra Complex
Boys develop unconscious sexual desire for mother, and hate their father.
Kids cope with that feeling and eventually identify with father.
Identification with same sex parent
Electra Complex Oedipus Complex
Final Stages
Latency - 6-puberty; dormant sexual feelings
“cooties” stage
Genital - puberty +; maturation of sexual interests
Fixations
Unresolved conflicts result in bad behavior such as FIXATION - a focus on pleasure seeking activities of a specific stage
Oral Fixation
Anal Fixation
Anal Retentive Anal Expulsive
Phallic Fixation
Conclusion
Problems with this theory?