Sigmund Freud The First Armchair Psychiatrist. Why does he matter? Freud is the first major theorist...
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Transcript of Sigmund Freud The First Armchair Psychiatrist. Why does he matter? Freud is the first major theorist...
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Sigmund Freud
The First Armchair Psychiatrist
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Why does he matter?
• Freud is the first major theorist of Psychology - he began the movement that viewed the unconscious mind as the source of all behavior
• Theories are most significantly applied to PERSONALITY.
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What is the Unconscious mind?
• The part of our mind that is repressed
• We can not knowingly connect to it• It only comes out when we are not
conscious (e.g. dreams), or by accident - like a reaction (e.g. freudian slip)
• The unconscious mind is responsible for our behavior without us realizing it.
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So?
• If you are to cure anyone you need to go through the unconscious mind
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How do you get at the unconscious mind?• Free association -
patient responds to a prompt
• Dream analysis - dreams are unconscious urges so try to understand them
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How do things fit together?
• Mind is theoretically composed of several parts: id, ego, superego
• Id• Ego• Superego
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ID - pleasure principle
• contains instinctual/biological urges - our unconscious desires
• Problems can happen when ID desires begins to take over.
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EGO - reality principle
• Rational process of our mind that counteracts the Id.
• Gratifies the Id’s impulses in realistic ways.
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SUPEREGO - moral principle
• Moral part of our mind, our conscience, holds us to moral principles.
• Goes beyond reality into an ideal sense of behavior.
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Development of Personality
The Psychosexual Stages
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Psychosexual Stages
• The Id in children focuses its pleasure seeking energies on different areas of the body - each part of the body is a stage of development.
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Oral Stage
• 0-18 months• Pleasure is
focused on the mouth.
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Anal Stage
• 18-36 months• Pleasure is
focused on bowel and bladder elimination.
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Phallic Stage
• 3-6 years• Pleasure zone is
genitals - this is when kids start to cope with incestuous feelings.
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Oedipus/Electra Complex
• Boys develop unconscious sexual desire for mother, and hate their father.
• Kids cope with that feeling and eventually identify with father.
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Final Stages
• Latency - 6-puberty; dormant sexual feelings
• Genital - puberty +; maturation of sexual interests
• Unresolved conflicts result in bad behavior such as FIXATION - a focus on pleasure seeking activities of a specific stage.
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Conclusion
Problems with this theory?