Shweta Kalyani

7/23/2019 Shweta Kalyani

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NATURAL VENTILATION IN

COLD AND CLOUDY

CLIMATE.

B V D U C O A , P U N E .

K A L Y A N I J A I S W A L

S H R U T I D H A R I Y A

S H W E T A J A T H A R

T . Y . B . A R C H


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DESIGN PRINCIPLES :

These regions experience very cold winters,hence trapping and using the suns heatwhenever it is available, is of prime concern inbuilding design.

The internal heat should not be lost back to theambient.

The insulation of building elements and controlof in ltration help in retaining the heat.

Exposure to cold winds should be minimi ed.


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!"#E$T%&E' ()%*E +E'% -%- " %*+%- ' :

/E'%'T )E0T *!'' "1:

2. +ecreasing the exposed surface area.

3. %ncreasing the thermal resistance.

4. %ncreasing the thermal capacity.

5. %ncreasing the bu6er spaces.

7. +ecreasing the air exchange rate.


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8/!9!TE )E0T 0%- "1:

2. 0voiding excessive shading.

3. tili ing the heat from appliances.

4. Trapping the heat of the sun.


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E-E/0* /E$!99E-+0T%!-':

'%TE:

*0-+ !/9: %n cold climates, heat gain is desirable, hencebuildings should be located on the south slope of a hill ormountain for better access to solar radiation. 0t the sametime, the exposure to cold winds can be minimi ed by locatingthe building on the leeward side. 8arts of the site which o6er

natural wind barrier can be chosen for constructing a building.


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!8E- '80$E' 0-+ " %*T !/9': "uildings in coldclimate, should be clustered together to minimi eexposure to cold winds. !pen spaces must be such thatthey allow maximum south sun. they should be treatedwith a hard and re;ective surface so that they re;ectsolar radiation onto the building.


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'T/EET (%+T) 0-+ !/%E-T0T%!-: %n cold climates, the streetorientation should be east.


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BUILDING ENVELOPE :=a> Roof : alse ceilings are a regular roof feature of housesin cold climates. !ne can also use internal insulation such as

polyurethane foam =8 >, thermocol, wood wool, etc. 0naluminium foil is generally used between the insulationlayer and the roof to reduce heat loss to the exterior. 0su@ciently sloping roof enables Auick drainage of rain waterand snow. 0 solar air collector can be incorporated on thesouth facing slope of the roof and hot air from it can be used

for space heating purposes. 'kylights on the roofs admitheat as well as light in winters The skylights can be providedwith shutters to avoid over heating in summers.


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=b> (alls: (alls should be of low could be of high thermalcapacity =such as Trombe wall> to store day time heat for later use.

The walls should also be insulated. The insulation should havesu@cient vapour barrier =such as two coats of bitumen, 4BB to CBBgauge polyethylene sheet or aluminium foil> on the warm side toavoid condensation. )ollow and lightweight concrete blocks are alsoAuite suitable. !n the windward or north side, a cavity wall type ofconstruction may be adopted.

=c> enestration: %t is advisable to have the maximum window area onthe southern side of the building to facilitate direct heat gain. Theyshould be sealed and preferably double gla ed. +ouble gla ing helpsto avoid heat losses during winter nights. )owever, care should betaken to prevent condensation in the air space between the panes.

9ovable shades should be provided to preventoverheating in summers.


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+: $olour and texture: The external surfaces of the walls should be dark incolour for high

absorptivity to facilitate heat gains.


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$0'E 'T +1: )%9 /#0 ! %$E " %*+%- , ')%9*0.

!@ce building for )imachal 8radesh Energy +evelopment 0gency withactive and passive solar retro ts.

0 south


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*!$0T%!- : 'himla, )imachal 8radesh." %*+%- T18E: !@ce building.$*%90TE: $old and cloudy.

0/$)%TE$T: +r. 0rvind Dishan and Dunal #ain." %*T< 8 0/E0: C47 sAuare meters.

$*%90TE: 0s it lies in cold and cloudy climate one ,it has long winter october to february end with asevere cold spell of about 3 months minimum +"T is very pleasant withmaximum +"T 3G degree c, monsoon period =Fulyand august> has a high level of precipitation withhigh humidity =maximum relative humidity G7H>.%netrvening periods have a milder climate.


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+E'% - /E'8!-'E:

The clima e !e"#i!e$ %#il&i'( ) %e hea e& alm)$ h!)#(h)# he *ea!. B#il&i'( ha$ %ee' (i+e' a ())& $)# he!' e -)$#!e G))& -)$$i%ili * ) a&&i i)'al $)la!! hea (ai' !)m he /e$ e!'

e -)$#!e.


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'ection through he buildingshowing solar accessthrough specially designed solarium and air heatingpanels.


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0 closer view of the

solarium.


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+01*% )T%- 0-+ )E0T%- . Pla' ) he %#il&i'( a'& i $ h!ee &ime'$i)'al )!m all)/ ma im#m

-e'e !a! i)' ) he $#', ma imi0i'( %) h $)la! hea (ai' a'& &a*li(h . While hea (ai' i$ ma imi0e&, i $ a%$)!- i)' i' he &e$i('e& he!mal ma$$

-!)+i&e$ hea i' he $-ace$ h!)#(h)# he &i#!'al c*cle. Ai! hea i'( -a'el$ &e$i('e& a$ a' i' e(!al -a! ) he $)# he!' /all -a'el$

-!)+i&e e ec i+e hea (ai' h!)#(h a cl)$e c)''ec i+e l))-. Di$ !i%# i)' ) hea (ai' i$ achie+e& h!)#(h a c)''ec i+e l))- # ili0i'( he

$ ai!/ell a$ a mea'$ ) &i$ !%# i'( hea e& ai! . S-eciall* &e$i('e& $)la!i#m1$#'$-ace2 i$ %#il a$ a' i' e!(!al -a! )

$)# he!'3/all ) ma imi0e hea (ai'. T) )- imi40e +e' ila i)', he c)''ec i+e l))- i$ c)#-le& /i h $)la! chim'e*$

&e$i('e& a$ a' i' e(!al -a! ) he !)) . Di$ !i%# i)' ) &a*li(h i' $-ace$ i$ achie+e& h!)#(h a ca!e #l i' e(!a i)' )

/i'&)/ a'& li(h $hel+e$.


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8lan showing daylighting levels at regular inervals.


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INSULATION AND WINDOW DESIGN :

G))& i'$#la i)' ) 5cm hic6 (la$$ /))l. 7i'im#m e'e$ !a i)'1)'l* i' )ile $2 )' ')! he!' e -)$#!e

-!e+e' $ hea l)$$. U$e ) /ea he!3-!)) e& 1/i h ') he!mal %!i&(e$2 ha!&

-la$ ic /i'&)/$ %eca#$e he* mimimi0e i' il !a i)' l)$$e$.

D)#%le (la0i'(.


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/E-E(0"*E E-E/ 1 '1'TE9' R)) 3m)#' e& $)la! h) /a e! $*$ em 18999 li !e -e! &a*2 ha$ %ee' #$e&

i' he %#il&i'(. The /a e! i$ ci!c#la e& h!)#(h !a&ia )!$ )! $-ace hea i'($-eciall* i' he ')! he!' $-ace$.

0 view of curved ceilingwith glass blocks todistribute daylight androof


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+esign features:

0ir heating panels designed as an integral part ofthe south wall provide e6ective heat gain.

)eat gained in the building is distributed through aconnective loop.I

+ounle

Shweta Kalyani

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