Session 1. BITUMEN the basic business 1.5. KBC ... S1.5 + KBC bitumen range...1.5. KBC BITUMEN RANGE...

1.5. KBC BITUMEN RANGE

Why choosing KBC? Opportunities for the future

ASIA Tech 2015 Nov. 18 - 20, 2015 Bangkok Thailand

Session 1. BITUMEN the basic business

Michel LENFANT

ASIA Group Technical Manager

0. CONTENT

1. Introduction

2. Crudes Assessment

3. Naphthenic Bitumen Specificity

4. Why choosing KBC naphthenic ?

5. Grades Characteristics and related HMA

6. Causes of Damages on Asian Roads

7. Why choosing KBC hard grades bitumen ?

8. Opportunity for KBC and the Group

9. Our strengths

10. Proposals

11. Conclusions


1. INTRODUCTION

Specified Bitumen Grades in ASIA and demand

2015 Sales: 20/30 to 40/60 40,386mt 4.0%

60/70 – 60/80 776,936mt 80.4%

80/100 146,937mt 15.2%

ASIA Tech 2015 Nov. 18 - 20, 2015

Bangkok Thailand

Main demand

AC grade Australia China Thailand Vietnam Indonesia Cambodia Laos Malaysia

20-30 X

20-40 X

35-50

40-50 X X X

40-60 X

50-70

60-70 X X X X X X

60-80 X

80-100 X X X X X

85-100 X

100-120 X

120-140 X

120-150 X X X

130-150

140-200 X

180-200

200-300 X X

C170 X

C320 X

AR 450 X

KEMAMAN bitumen range Adaptability to the demand


AC grade Australia China Thailand Vietnam Indonesia Cambodia Laos Malaysia

20-30 X

30-40 X

35-50

40-50 X X X

40-60 X

50-70

60-70 X X X X X X

60-80 X

80-100 X X X X X

85-100 X

100-120 X

120-140 X

120-150 X X X

130-150

140-200 X

180-200

200-300 X X

C170 (>62) X

C320 (>40) X

C600 (>20) X

KBC production

Exception

2. CRUDES ASSESSMENT

CRITERIA of SELECTION: The most compatible heavy crude vs refinery technology and Asian bitumen specifications

API gravity = 141.5/SG – 131.5

UOPK = (TB )1/3 /d

API Classification o API > 31.1 Light Crude (< 870 kg/m3) o API 22.3 - 31.1 Medium Crude (870 – 920 kg/m3) o API < 22.3 Heavy Crude (920 – 1,000 kg/m3) o API < 10 Extra Heavy Crude (> 1,000 kg/m3)

UOPK Classification o K = 12.5 - 13.0 Highly Paraffin Oils o K = 10.5 - 12.5 Cyclic (Naphthenes) Oils o K = 9.0 - 10.5 Aromatics


CRUDE ASSAY:

BOSCAN 850,000mt 68%

LAGUNA 150,000mt 12%

BACHAQUERRO 250,000mt 20%


BSC LGN BCQ Target

API 10.8 11.2 11.8 < 20

UOPK 11.1 11.4 11.4 < 11.8

Sulfur (%) 5.4 3.0 2.9 < 5

Gaz (C4) 0.02 0.22 0.01 < 0.7

TAN 1.48 4.5 5.1 < 2.5

Wax content 0.5 --- --- < 6

Cut point 395 450 450 < 480

Mercaptan (ppm) 84 28 37 < 100

Cetane Index 42.5 35.8 38.1 < 54

2. NAPHTHENIC BITUMEN SPECIFICITY

COMPARISON PARAFFINIC – NAPHTHENIC BITUMEN

o Generic composition

C.I = Colloidal Index = (Asph + Sat) / (Arom + Res) R = (Arom + Res)/Asph SBS compatibility condition C.I < 0.25 R > 4-5


60/70 IRPC CPC Maoming BCQ LGN BSC

Asphaltene 11.5 12.8 14.2 14.2 15.1 21.7

Sarurate 1.9 4.2 6.0 6.2 7.1 3.0

Aromatic 74.3 70.1 68.3 64.3 60.5 56.3

Resin 12.3 12.8 11.5 15.4 17.3 19.0

C.I 0.15 0.21 0.25 0.26 0.29 0.33

R 7.5 6.5 5.6 5.6 5.2 3.5

SBS compatibility Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes +/- No

ASIAN Paraffinic KBC Naphthenic

o Physical Characteristics


60/70 IRPC CPC Maoming BSC LGN BCQ

Pen 25C 68 64 65 66 64 64

Soft point 46.6 47.2 50.2 50.2 48.2 49.1

P.I (pen/SP) -1.4 -1.3 -0.8 -0.45 -1.1 -1.0

Ductility 10oC > 150 38 21 42 138 > 150

Wax content 1.5 1.2 1.35 0.75 1.1 1.1

Flash point 346 348 312 260 - 270 292 278

Dyn Visc 60oC 182 197 243 356 303 297

Variation weight 0.05 0.06 0.1 0.20 0.05 0.08

Retained penetration 72 66.5 64.6 64 70 69

Ductility 10oC 8 7 6 8 14 12

G*/sind > 1.0kPa 64.8 64.8 67.4 69.2 68.5 68.0

G*/sind > 2.2kPa 64.3 63.5 70.1 71.3 67.3 66.6

m 0.3 -11.3 -13.3 -14.9 -18.7 -17.7 -17.6

S 300 -9.7 -15.7 -11.7 -14.9 -12.8 -12.8

PG 64-16 58-22 64-16 64-22 64-22 64-22

Low smoke level > 200 > 200 > 200 90/110 120 140

Medium smoke level -- -- -- 180/200 220 180/200

High smokelevel -- -- -- 240 280 240

ASIAN Paraffinic KBC Naphthenic

Tests after TFOT

Performance Grade

Detection of temperature of smoke formation

o Thermal Susceptibility – Rheological Behaviour


Cracking at negative temp Fraass Point

Penetration

EUKELOM Diagram Ambient Temp

Pen Domain

S.P Pen = 800

Service Temperature

Compaction Viscosity

Log Viscosity (Po)

Mixing Viscosity

Paraffinic P.I -1.4 KBC P.I -0.4

- 50 0 100 150 Temperature (oC)

HMA PERFORMANCES – Naphthenic vs Paraffinic

o 60/70 pen grade IRPC BSC Improvement (%) Marshall Stability (lbs.) 3590 3760 + 5 Dynamic Creep (μstrain) @ 30oC 799 722 + 10 @ 40oC 865 784 + 9.5 Rutting (%) @60oC – 30,000 cycles 4.2 2.4 + 40

0

1

2

3

4

5

1000 10000 100000

Rutting in % - NF EN 12697-22

KBC Paraffinic

Rutting X 1

Rutting X 2


PRO’s CON’s

BITUMEN

o Straight Run

o High Viscosity Higher volatile Smokes

o Higher Softening Point > 50oC Higher Sulphur Smell

o Higher Performance Grade PG 70-22 Higher Mixing Temp (+5-10C)

o Lower thermal susceptibility P.I -0.5 BSC: SBS incompatibility

o Lower Wax content < 1.0

Good Resistance to Rutting HSE issues

o Acidified Bitumen

The best Emulsion for MS and S.T

HMA PERFORMANCES IMPROVEMENT

o Marshall Stability + 5%

o Dynamic Creep + 10%

o Rutting Resistance + 40%

Higher Mechanical Performances

4. WHY CHOOSING KBC BITUMEN ?


5. GRADES CHARACTERISTICS and RELATED HMA

BITUMEN CHARACTERISTICS


Unit 20/30 30/40 40/50 60/70 80/100

Penetration @ 25C 0.1mm 25 38 45 67 87

Softening Point oC 63 55.6 54.2 50.8 47.4

PI (pen/SP) 0.09 -0.49 -0.47 -0.26 -0.46

Flash point oC 298 294 284 278 266

Visco 60oC Pa.s 2,719 1,614 856 571 316

Duct 10C cm --- 6 8 46 95

Tests after TFOT

WL % -0.12 -0.13 -0.16 -0.2 -0.32

Ret Pen % 72 68.4 71.1 67.2 66.7

Duct 10C cm ---- ---- crack 10.5 14.5

Duct 25C cm 36 85 . 150 > 150 > 150

PERFORMANCE GRADE

G*/sind=1.0kPa oC 84.3 78.9 75.9 71.3 67.1

G*/sind=2.2kPa oC 84 78.6 74.9 71 68.3

G*sind=5000kPa oC 24.2 22 20.1 16.4

m = 0.3 oC -14.7 -16.4 -17.1 -17.8

S = 300 oC -8.4 -11 -15 -17.4

PG oC 82-16 76-16 70-16 70-22 64-22

STIFFNESS (G*)

15oC / 10Hz Pa 5.09E+07 3.48E+07 2.26E+07 3.85E+06 1.06E+06

HMA (WC 1/2inch) PERFORMANCES

Binder Grade 20/30 30/40 40/50 60/70 80/100

Mixing Temperature (oC) 170-175 165-170 160-165 155-160 145-155

Penetration @ 25C 0.1mm 25 38 45 67 87

MARSHALL 75 blows

Stability lbs. 4,825 4,350 4,050 3,700 3,550

COMPLEX MODULUS @ 15oC/124ms (Calculated)

PD MPa 14,666 12,042 10,111 8,216 7,316

CST MPa 14,191 11,256 10,349 8,423 7,727

DYNAMIC CREEP TEST (DCT) @ 40oC

PD με 545 683 778 860 919

RUTTING @ 50oC

Water - Stripping point Av Av Av Av Av

Air Void % 3.5 3.6 3.6 4.4 3.9

Rut Depth at SIP mm 3.5 4.8 2.7 6.6 8.2

Cycles at SIP N cycl 20,000 17,136 7,800 8,827 4,175

Dynamic Stability N cycl/mm 5,714 3,570 2,889 1,337 509

Dry - Linear rutting Av Av Av Av Av

Air Void % 3.2 3.2 4.3 4.8 4.4

Rut Depth % 4 7.7 6.7 11.4 12.5

Cycles N 20,000 20,000 20,000 20,000 20,000


ITS E* E* = 0.759*ITS + 3680

• Rutting Curve with the Hamburg WTM

Creep Slope

Stripping Slope Stripping Inflexion Point

Rut Depth

Consolidation


SUITABILITY for HIGH PERFORMANCES ASPHALT PAVEMENT


BBSG1 BBSG3 BBME2 BBME3 GB2 GB4 EME1 EME2

Modulus 15oC/10Hz MPa > 5,500 > 7,000 > 9,000 > 11,000 > 9,000 > 11,000 > 14,000 > 14,000

Fatigue (ε6x1000) μdef > 100 > 100 > 100 > 100 > 80 > 100 > 100 > 130

% < 10 < 5 < 7.5 < 5 < 10 < 10 < 7.5 < 7.5

N cycles 30,000 30,000 30,000 30,000 10,000 30,000 30,000 30,000

60/70 60/70

40/50

40/50

30/40

30/40

20/3040/50

30/40

20/30

Wearing Course Base Course

NF EN 13108-1 - Asphalt Concrete

Rutting @ 60oC

Suitable grades

20/30 10/20

to be optimzed

6. CAUSES of DAMAGES on ASIAN ROADS

KEY FACTORS

• Overloaded trucks: Axle load x 2 Damage x 25 = 32 China: On the Tianjing-Shantan Expressways, 28-44% of trucks exceed the legal limit Vietnam: 30 -70% overload

• Slow heavy traffic: 90km/h to 30km/h Rutting x 5

• High service temperature: 45 to 60oC Rutting x 3

• Under designed road structure / Non reliable traffic data

• Non appropriate asphalt pavement performances: Based on 60/70 pen


7. WHY CHOOSING KBC HARD GRADE BITUMEN ?

PRO’s

BITUMEN

o Regular user: Australia o Experiences: Thailand, Vietnam, China o To come: Indonesia, Malaysia

Emerging Demand

o Base for Very hard grade (10/20 – 15/25)

EME2

HMA PERFORMANCES IMPROVEMENT o High Stiffness Modulus o High Rutting Resistance

Problem solving Cost Efficiency Extended service life

Sub Base Course Crusher Run

Base Course Crusher Run

Bituminous Base Course

Asphalt Wearing Course

Structural Reinforcement (BBME – GB4 - EME)


8 . OPPORTUNITY for KBC and the GROUP

• To initiate the change by using harder grades through:

• Seminar

• Workshop

• Feedback in High Performance HMA

• To provide sustainable solution

• To prove our professionalism in bitumen processing

• To catch up new markets

• To take the leadership in engineered and hard grades bitumen

• To become THE reference in South Asia / Pacific


9 . OUR STRENGTH

• A dedicated refinery to our core business

• The exclusivity for processing 100% naphthenic crudes

• Consistency in sourcing and quality

• Adaptability to the demand

• Capacity of production and shipping

• Competency of KBC teams and experience

• Sales teams

• Technical support from PD


10. PROPOSALS

• Top priority issues to focus on • Smell Scavenger • Smokes Blending

• To investigate production of very hard grades for EME

• Blowing column?

• Blending (with SAMI blown AC)

• Chemical modification

• More technical support to customers Customer Service

• To work more “Upstream” with local road authorities and customers through seminars and workshops. We should become the “catalyst” for better HMA


Transversal cooperation

11. CONCLUSIONS

• We secured the crude supply

• We upgraded our tool of production

• We now need to prepare the future for:

• HSE issues

• Diversified and “tailored” markets, source of bigger profits and market share

ALL TOGETHER WE CAN BECOME THE BEST RECONIZED BITUMEN

PRODUCER OF ASIA !!


THANK YOU (or something else…)

Author, Co author 1, Co author 2


Sub base course Crusher run

Base course Crusher run

Bituminous Base course

Asphalt Wearing course

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION

QUESTIONS ??

Session 1. BITUMEN the basic business 1.5. KBC ... S1.5 + KBC bitumen range...1.5. KBC BITUMEN RANGE...

Documents

Transcript of Session 1. BITUMEN the basic business 1.5. KBC ... S1.5 + KBC bitumen range...1.5. KBC BITUMEN RANGE...