Oil sensor

Oxygen sensor

Fuel level

Accelerometer

Seat belt tension

Passenger Occupancy

Wheel speed

Tire pressure monitor

Anti thief sensors

Radar sensor

Rain sensor

Parking sensor

Indoor/outdoor temperature sensors

GPS

Water coolant temperature

TachometerSpeedometer

Odometer

Oxygen sensor Oil sensors Fuel gauge

Dip - stick

Miniature voltage generator Compare the exhaust O2 level and outside air

O2 level

On-board oil sensors and oil analyzers installed Oil pressure: Hydrostatic

force per unit area Age of the oil in the

engine: dielectric constant of the oil. Parallel plate capacitor separated by oil. An oil dielectric tester correlates to the acidity of the oil and indicates the level of oil degradation

Inaccurate due to its mechanism, shape of fuel tank

Gauge: resistance ↑, current ↓, bimetallic cools, straighten out, pull needle form full to empty.

Newer car: resistor output into a microprocessor – compensate shape of tank

Damping needle movment up hill , down hill , turnFloat

They are proximity sensors.

These system feature ultrasonic proximity detectors.

An Audi A4 B7 Avant 2.0 TDI Parksensor

Left figure shows a tachometer that can show up to 7000 RPM

Speed Wheel speed Engine ignition timing Tahometer Odometer

Transmission and driveshaft rotate → mandrel too → permanent magnet rotate → rotating magnetic field → force act on speed cup → electrical curretn flows (Eddy current) → drag torque → needle rotate same direction as magnetic field

• Transmission output rotate with a toothed metal disk at the end

• Stationary detector covers a magnetic coil

• Teeth move past the coil “interrupt” the magnetic field → series of pulses sent to computer

Distance indicator.

LCD Digital Odometer Blue Display from 2000 Jeep Grand Cherokee Laredo.

An another (specifically neon) Odometer.

For ABS one need to know the speed of each wheel

Modern accelerometers based on simplest MEMS design

Mass-damper-spring Air bag deployment

system – rapid negative acceleration

Electronic stability control

Si

tether

Two capacitator configuration

Measure difference between two capacitance

RF communication with on board computer

Simplest form, it is nothing but one or more sensors connected to some sort of siren

Most modern car alarm systems: An array of sensors that can include switches, pressure

sensors and motion detectors A siren, often able to create a variety of sounds so that you

can pick a distinct sound for your car A radio receiver to allow wireless control from a key fob An auxil iary battery so that the alarm can operate even if

the main battery gets disconnected A computer control unit that monitors everything and

sounds the alarm -- the "brain" of the system

In a closed-circuit system, the electric circuit is closed when the door is shut. This means that as long as the door is closed, electricity can flow from one end of the circuit to the other. But if somebody opens the door, the circuit is opened, and electricity can't flow. This triggers an alarm.

In an open-circuit system, opening the door closes the circuit, so electricity begins to flow. In this system, the alarm is triggered when the circuit is completed

Breaking glass has its own sound frequency

Air pressure brief change as door open, windows break, even if the inside outside pressure is the same

Detects radar/laser signals

Try to disturb the reflected waves

Emits jamming signals Warn the driver

Car radar detector (Japanese)

Vehicle wil l be f itted with sensors that can detect potential coll isions and take action

Firm claims 'nobody wil l be kil led or injured in a new Volvo by 2020'

The headline of dailymail.uk (as on 5 t h Dec,2012) read “Volvo develops the 'no death' car: Vehicles which drive themselves and are totally crashproof could be on Brit ish roads in eight years.”

Future Concepts

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