Self-Reflection and Progress in Treatment Professor Geoffrey Stephenson Nikos Zygouris Kim Smith.
-
Upload
johnathan-morris -
Category
Documents
-
view
216 -
download
3
Transcript of Self-Reflection and Progress in Treatment Professor Geoffrey Stephenson Nikos Zygouris Kim Smith.
![Page 1: Self-Reflection and Progress in Treatment Professor Geoffrey Stephenson Nikos Zygouris Kim Smith.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070411/56649f495503460f94c6aa1f/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Self-Reflection and Progress in Treatment
Professor Geoffrey StephensonNikos Zygouris
Kim Smith
![Page 2: Self-Reflection and Progress in Treatment Professor Geoffrey Stephenson Nikos Zygouris Kim Smith.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070411/56649f495503460f94c6aa1f/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Acknowledgements
Clients of PROMIS
Dr Samantha Haylett Sue Jones
Dr Lefever and The PROMIS Recovery Centre
![Page 3: Self-Reflection and Progress in Treatment Professor Geoffrey Stephenson Nikos Zygouris Kim Smith.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070411/56649f495503460f94c6aa1f/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Overview
Diary research at PROMISIntroduction of Weekly Evaluation
Sheets (WES) Effects of Small WES Intervention Effects of Big WES Intervention Controlled comparisons of the Big
WES Discussion
![Page 4: Self-Reflection and Progress in Treatment Professor Geoffrey Stephenson Nikos Zygouris Kim Smith.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070411/56649f495503460f94c6aa1f/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Little WES: The WES Questions How would you summarise what “X” was
trying to say in the daily feelings diary during the week? What are the main points “X” was trying to make?
How do you hope “X” has changed since these entries were written? Do you think these changes have happened?
What’s your view about how things are going for “X”?
![Page 5: Self-Reflection and Progress in Treatment Professor Geoffrey Stephenson Nikos Zygouris Kim Smith.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070411/56649f495503460f94c6aa1f/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Little WES Design
Post-Intervention(2 weeks)
Pre-Intervention
Control(2 weeks)
Pre-Control
(2 weeks)Intervention
n = 12
Comparison
![Page 6: Self-Reflection and Progress in Treatment Professor Geoffrey Stephenson Nikos Zygouris Kim Smith.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070411/56649f495503460f94c6aa1f/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Effects of Little WES
Increased self focus Changing character of narratives Increased Positivity Predictiveness of increases in
Positivity-Negativity ratio
![Page 7: Self-Reflection and Progress in Treatment Professor Geoffrey Stephenson Nikos Zygouris Kim Smith.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070411/56649f495503460f94c6aa1f/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Big WES: The Matching
1. Ben (37, m, alc) Bob (39, m, alc) Bill (37, m, alc)2. Jen (25, F, dr.) Josie (28, F, dr.) Jill (26, F, dr.)3. Pip (31, F, e.d.) Penny (29, F, e.d.) Pat (29, F, e.d.)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
29. Mark (53, M, alc.) Mike (55, M, alc.) Matt (52, M, alc.)30. Niki (23, F, dr.) Nelly (25, F, dr.) Nancy (25, F, dr.)
Pre-Intervention Intervention Post-Intervention
![Page 8: Self-Reflection and Progress in Treatment Professor Geoffrey Stephenson Nikos Zygouris Kim Smith.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070411/56649f495503460f94c6aa1f/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Big WES: The WES Questions How would you summarise what “X” was
trying to say in the daily feelings diary during the week? What are the main points “X” was trying to make?
How do you hope “X” has changed since these entries were written? Do you think these changes have happened?
What’s your view about how things are going for “X”?
![Page 9: Self-Reflection and Progress in Treatment Professor Geoffrey Stephenson Nikos Zygouris Kim Smith.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070411/56649f495503460f94c6aa1f/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Characterisation of Big WES over whole time period
+ve -veBoth +ve
& -ve
Question 1(Past)
16% 21% 63%
Question 2(Present)
63% 4% 33%
Question 3(Future)
47% 8% 45%
![Page 10: Self-Reflection and Progress in Treatment Professor Geoffrey Stephenson Nikos Zygouris Kim Smith.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070411/56649f495503460f94c6aa1f/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Main WES Points
1st WES(Day 1)
Trying to be positive, Accepting principles/PROMIS, Hope for recovery/Future
2nd WES(Day 8)
Increases confidence/understanding, Awareness of feelings & learning to deal with them, Identifying, Honesty & Sharing, Gratitude & Acceptance
3rd WES(Day 15)
Determination, Hopeful, Facing the past, Trust, Honesty, Focus on oneself, Liking oneself, Change old behaviour, Unerstanding addiction, world around them
4th WES(Day 22)
Dealing with issues, Look at positive in negative situations, Building confidence, Less self-pity, Realizing where work is needed
![Page 11: Self-Reflection and Progress in Treatment Professor Geoffrey Stephenson Nikos Zygouris Kim Smith.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070411/56649f495503460f94c6aa1f/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Clients’ ‘Model’ of Progress
Accommodating New Circumstances
Personal Understandingand Social Awareness
Character Building
Pragmatic Focus andConstructive Change
![Page 12: Self-Reflection and Progress in Treatment Professor Geoffrey Stephenson Nikos Zygouris Kim Smith.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070411/56649f495503460f94c6aa1f/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Conscientiousness
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
Average No. of Words
Pre-Intervention
Intervention
Post-Intervention
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
No of Days when DiariesWritten
Pre-Intervention
Intervention
Post-Intervention
![Page 13: Self-Reflection and Progress in Treatment Professor Geoffrey Stephenson Nikos Zygouris Kim Smith.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070411/56649f495503460f94c6aa1f/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
12-Step Programme Salience
0
0.005
0.01
0.015
0.02
0.025
0.03
Average Step Usage
Pre-Intervention
Intervention
Post-Intervention
0
0.005
0.01
0.015
0.02
0.025
0.03
Average God/HP Usage
Pre-Intervention
Intervention
Post-Intervention
![Page 14: Self-Reflection and Progress in Treatment Professor Geoffrey Stephenson Nikos Zygouris Kim Smith.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070411/56649f495503460f94c6aa1f/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Treatment Programme Coherence
The intervention group:
![Page 15: Self-Reflection and Progress in Treatment Professor Geoffrey Stephenson Nikos Zygouris Kim Smith.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070411/56649f495503460f94c6aa1f/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Treatment Programme Coherence (cont.)
The two control groups:
![Page 16: Self-Reflection and Progress in Treatment Professor Geoffrey Stephenson Nikos Zygouris Kim Smith.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070411/56649f495503460f94c6aa1f/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Themes in the last weeks of intervention
Old Themes
Step
Group
Replacement Themes
Alternative
Building
Drugs
Control Condition Intervention Condition
![Page 17: Self-Reflection and Progress in Treatment Professor Geoffrey Stephenson Nikos Zygouris Kim Smith.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070411/56649f495503460f94c6aa1f/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Big WES Diaries: Thematic Analysis
Alternative:
“Feeling really full of the joys of life – partly as I didn’t drink despite plenty of opportunity and temptation, but also spiritually fulfilled, wouldn’t recommend spending time with a group of drinkers during early treatment”
![Page 18: Self-Reflection and Progress in Treatment Professor Geoffrey Stephenson Nikos Zygouris Kim Smith.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070411/56649f495503460f94c6aa1f/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Big WES Diaries: Thematic Analysis (cont.)
Building:
“We decided that we need to start to build a relationship and get to know each other properly and truthfully. This could be the building blocks for a deeper relationship”
“Anyhow, today had to be good, because the Reunion pushed aside the usual mental confusion and gave me focus. This is of course perfectly normal, so I’m OK thanks”
![Page 19: Self-Reflection and Progress in Treatment Professor Geoffrey Stephenson Nikos Zygouris Kim Smith.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070411/56649f495503460f94c6aa1f/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Big WES Diaries: Thematic Analysis (cont.)
Building (cont.):
“I had a good process because I found my peer evaluation very valuable. It is easier to let go of control than it is to let go of emotions. I know it will come with time. I have to start changing my behaviour to make it effective”
![Page 20: Self-Reflection and Progress in Treatment Professor Geoffrey Stephenson Nikos Zygouris Kim Smith.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070411/56649f495503460f94c6aa1f/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Big WES Diaries: Thematic Analysis (cont.) Drugs:
“She reminded me of the insanity of going from one pharmacy to another all over London for laxatives, never going to the same one in case I'd get found out."
" I am proud of coming off the drugs. Pat came back and I was horrified to hear that she was on 3 Valium a day."
"Pity, had the need to go to the Co-op to buy tobacco. I have owned up to this and made amends."
![Page 21: Self-Reflection and Progress in Treatment Professor Geoffrey Stephenson Nikos Zygouris Kim Smith.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070411/56649f495503460f94c6aa1f/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Conclusions
WES as a therapeutic intervention: The principle of self-change An effective commitment strategy Produces positive emotions Increases resources for coping
WES in context of Positive Psychology: Applying character strengths as a means for
self-change Treatment as a journey towards new
character strengths
![Page 22: Self-Reflection and Progress in Treatment Professor Geoffrey Stephenson Nikos Zygouris Kim Smith.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070411/56649f495503460f94c6aa1f/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
References
Epstein, S (1998) Constructive Thinking: the key to emotional intelligence, London: Praeger.
Fredrickson, B.L. (2000) Cultivating Positive Emotions to optimize health and well-being. Prevention and Treatment, vol. 3 Article 0001a posted March 7, 2000.
Klingemann H., Sobell J. et al (2001) Promoting Self-change from Substance Use: practical implications for policy, prevention and treatment, London: Kluwer
Orford J. (2001) Excessive Appetites: a psychological view of addictions (2nd edition). Chichester: Wiley.
Peterson C. & Seligman M.E.P. (2004) Character Strengths and Virtues: A Handbook and Classification. New York: American Psychological Association and Oxford University Press.
Rosenqvist P., Blomqvist J., Koski-Jannes A., & Ojesjo L. (2004) Addiction and Life Course Helsinki: Nordic Council for Alcohol and Drug Research (NAD Publication 44). [Obtainable direct: www.nad.fi]
![Page 23: Self-Reflection and Progress in Treatment Professor Geoffrey Stephenson Nikos Zygouris Kim Smith.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070411/56649f495503460f94c6aa1f/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
References (cont.)
Seligman M.E.P., Steen T.A., Park N., and Peterson C. (2005) Positive Psychology Progress: Empirical validation interventions. American Psychologist 60, 410 – 421.
Stephenson, G.M, & Haylett, S.A. (2000) Self Narrative Framing: The effects of systematic written reflections on personal progress in twelve step facilitation therapy. Journal of Constructivist Psychology, 13 (4), 313-319.
Stephenson, G.M., Laszlo, J., Ehmann, B., Lefever, R.M.H. & Lefever, R. (1997) Diaries of Significant Events: Socio-linguistic correlates of therapeutic outcomes in patients with addiction problems. Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology, 7(5), 389-411.
Trapnell, P.D., & Campbell, J.D. (1999) Private self-consciousness and the Five-Factor Model of Personality: Distinguishing Rumination from Reflection. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 76, 284-304.
Tuchfield BS (1981) Spontaneous remission in alcoholics: Empirical observations and theoretical implications. Journal of Studies on Alcohol 42, 626-641.