Selected Lecture Materials from: 1310 World Geography 3310 Urban Geography 3309 US & Canada 4313...
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Transcript of Selected Lecture Materials from: 1310 World Geography 3310 Urban Geography 3309 US & Canada 4313...
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Selected Lecture Materials from:
1310 World Geography3310 Urban Geography3309 US & Canada4313 Environmental Management5309 Land Management
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www.NASA.gov
1st a Warm Up: NASA Satellite at Night Imagery
AP Human Geography College-Level Goal #1:
Use and think about maps and spatial data.
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Built Environment reflects Core-Periphery Relationships
Economy Culture Political influence
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Industrialization and Economic Development
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http://www.rasmusen.org/x/2006/10/28/mark-newmans-cartograms/
Cartogram: World Population
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http://www.rasmusen.org/x/2006/10/28/mark-newmans-cartograms/
Cartogram: GDP
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Population
Economy
The difference is development.
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World Gross National Income (GNI) Per Capita - 2006
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Development:“the process by which the political, social, and economic structures of a country are improved for the purpose of ensuring the well-being of its populace.”
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United Nations Human Development Index, 2003
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Income Equity Within Countries
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Where did this approach to “development” come from?
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rostovian_take-off_model
Rostow’s Stages of Growth
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World-systems_approach
Wallenstein's World Systems Theory
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informal economy
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formal economy
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Primary resource extraction
Secondary manufacturing
Tertiary sales / distribution
Quaternary information management
Quinary multinationals, globalization
Formal Economy: Economic Sectors
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Primary resource extraction
Secondary manufacturing
Tertiary sales / distribution
Quaternary information management
Quinary multinationals, globalization
Formal Economy: Economic Sectors
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Wealth and Development accumulate (magnify) at every level:
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
Level of “development” depends heavily on how many “sectors” a country/region captures within its borders or realm of control.
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PrimarySecondary
TertiaryQuaternary
Raw MaterialsLabor
Pre-ManufacturingEcon: Supply
Geo: Periphery
ManufacturingSales / Services
Information Mgmnt.Econ: Demand
Geo: Core
Global Economic Sectors and Neocolonialism
Who is in control of the exchange?
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Built Environment reflects Core-Periphery Relationships
Economy Culture Political influence
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Switzerland- MDC- import and export in all economic sectors
Cote d’Ivoire- LDC- export: exclusively primary resources-imports: processed goods mostly via MDCs
MDC / LDC Economic Scenarios Neo-Colonialism - control relationships that persist beyond formal period of colonization
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/
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Peru-LDC- export: exclusively primary resources - imports: processed goods mostly via MDCs
- import and export in all economic sectors
USA- MDC
- import and export in all economic sectors
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Globalization and Diversity 2e; Rowntree, Lewis, Price, Wyckoff
The Colonial World in 1914
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http://www.colorado.edu/geography/class_homepages/geog_4712_s10/armed_conflict_undpx.gif
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Some of Development’s General Rules
As economic development increases:
- birth rates decline
- death rate decline
- growth rates decline
- Doubling Time increases
- life expectancy increases
- educational attainment increases
- urbanization increases
- civil unrest declines
- Recognition of Human Rights proliferates
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Less Developed
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Developing
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Developed and Negative Growth
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developed
developing
less developed
United States
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Aging in Europe:- core-periphery relationship- rural to urban migration- immigration exchange
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Globalization and Diversity 2e; Rowntree, Lewis, Price, Wyckoff
The Demographic Transition
BR & DR high;Low to no pop. growth
DR drops due to improved food supply, sanitation; pop. rises
BR drops due to urbanization, education; pop. rises
BR, DR low;Low to no pop. growth; population high
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Development:The process by which the political, social, and economic structures of a country are improved for the purpose of ensuring the well-being of its populace.
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/
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Growth of World Cities(2000 – 2015)