Sedentary is the new smoking | StreetGames National Conference 2013

StreetGames National Conference

11th April 2013

Dr William Bird MRCGP MBE

© 2012 Intelligent Health/NHS London


http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aUaInS6HIGo

Attributable fractions (%) for all-cause deaths in 40 842 (3333 deaths) men and 12 943 (491 deaths) women in the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study.

Blair S N Br J Sports Med 2009;43:1-2

Copyright © BMJ Publishing Group Ltd & British Association of Sport and Exercise Medicine. All rights reserved.

Presenter

Presentation Notes

Attributable fractions (%) for all-cause deaths in 40 842 (3333 deaths) men and 12 943 (491 deaths) women in the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study. The attributable fractions are adjusted for age and each other item in the figure. *Cardiorespiratory fitness determined by a maximal exercise test on a treadmill.

80 seconds ago

Mankind has evolved well If we take an hour to equal 1000 years then four days is 100,000 years; the time from the origin of mankind to today.

4 Days ago

10 hours ago 4 hours ago 9 minutes ago

4000 yrs civilisation 10,000 yrs ago

Agriculture Technology

100,000 yrs ago

Hunter gatherers

industrialisation

Presenter

Presentation Notes

If you had developed a computer programme solidly for 4 days and 4 nights and was given 9 minutes to change the entire system you would have a laugh.

People

Wellbeing

Purpose

Place

People

Causes of Stress and Free Radicals

Chronic Stress

People Place Purpose

1. Physical activity plays a key role in the control of the body’s response to physical stress1 and prevents telomere shortening2

2. Chronic stress reduces levels of physical activity3.

Physical activity and Stress

1 Rimmele et al Level of PA affects adrenal and Cardiovascular Reactivity to Psychosocial Stress: Psychoneuroendocrinology (2009) 43 190-198 2 Puterman E, Lin J, Blackburn E, O'Donovan A, Adler N, et al. (2010) The Power of Exercise: Buffering the Effect of Chronic Stress on Telomere Length. PLoS ONE 5(5): e10837. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0010837 3Vitaliano P et al A Path Model of Chronic Stress, The Metabolic Syndrome and Coronary Heart Disease Pyschosomatic Medicine 64:418-435 (2002)

Presenter

Presentation Notes

Positive feedback takes place

e

Chronic Stress

Stress Hormones

Physical Inactivity

e

Chronic Stress

Physical Inactivity

People Purpose Place Chronic Stress

Stress Hormones

Mitochondrial damage

Physical Inactivity And other poor health

behaviours

Cancers Cardiovascular Diabetes Dementia Depression

e

Mitochondria as a key component of the stress response. Manoli et al. Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism Vol 18 No 5 2007

Presenter

Presentation Notes

Most people setting up PA schemes forget the Chronic Stress lies between the problem and PA.

Health Benefits of Physical Activity Disease Risk reduction Strength of

evidence Death 20-35% Strong CHD and Stroke 20-35% Strong Type 2 Diabetes 35-50% Strong Colon Cancer 30-50% Strong Breast Cancer 20% Strong Hip Fracture 36-68% Moderate Depression 20-30% Strong Alzheimer’s Disease 60% Moderate

REF: Department of Health, Start Active Stay Active 2011


Anti-ageing effect

• Increases Reactive Oxidative Species (Free Radicals)that stimulate the production of antioxidants in the Mitochondria.

• This is a powerful anti-ageing mechanism that protects the cell from DNA damage.

• In fact taking anti-oxidants orally interferes with this mechanism.


• Increases Reactive Oxidative Species (Free Radicals) that stimulate the production of antioxidants in the Mitochondria.

• This is a powerful anti-ageing mechanism that protects the cell from DNA damage.

• In fact taking anti-oxidants orally interferes with this mechanism

Sedentary

Mitochondrial DNA

Reactive Oxidative Species

Anti-Oxidants

Mitochondria

Oxidative Phosphorylation

Physically Active

Mitochondrial DNA

Reactive Oxidative Species

Oxidative Phosphorylation

Anti-oxidants

Mitochondria

How Does Physical Activity Work? • All Conditions:

– Anti-inflammatory. • Release Cytokines from muscle • Improves endothelial function

– Enhances mitochondrial antioxidant production

– lengthened telomeres

• Cardiovascular: – Increases Stroke Volume – Reduces Blood Pressure – Improves Heamostatic function

(reduced Fibrinogen etc) – Improves cholesterol ratio – Halts and can reverse plaque formation

• Cancer

– Reduces sex hormone formation – Increases Insulin sensitivity – Increases production of Natural Killer

Cells


Health Benefits of Physical Activity Disease Risk reduction Strength of

evidence Death 20-35% Strong CHD and Stroke 20-35% Strong Type 2 Diabetes 35-50% Strong Colon Cancer 30-50% Strong Breast Cancer 20% Strong Hip Fracture 36-68% Moderate Depression 20-30% Strong Alzheimer’s Disease 60% Moderate

REF: Department of Health, Start Active Stay Active 2011


Anti-Inflammatory Two possible mechanisms: • the reduction in visceral fat mass;

– Visceral fat increases inflammatory agents and reduces anti-inflammatory ones creating a permanent state of Inflammation.

• Increased production anti-inflammatory cytokines from contracting muscle.


Two possible mechanisms: • the reduction in visceral fat mass;

– Visceral fat increases inflammatory agents and reduces anti-inflammatory ones creating a permanent state of Inflammation.

• Increased production anti-inflammatory cytokines from contracting muscle.

Muscles


Natural Killer Cells


Fitness and Fat


Physical Activity and Weight Loss

• To reduce or maintain weight loss between 120mins and 250mins of moderate activity are required.

• To achieve significant weight loss over 250 mins a week of moderate activity is required.

American College of Sports Medicine Position Stand. Appropriate physical activity intervention strategies for weight loss and prevention of weight regain for adults. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise [2009, 41(2):459-71


Risk of cardiovascular disease mortality by cardiorespiratory fitness and body mass index categories, 2316 men with type 2 diabetes at baseline, 179 deaths.


Copyright © BMJ Publishing Group Ltd & British Association of Sport and Exercise Medicine. All rights reserved. © 2012 Intelligent Health/NHS London

Presenter

Presentation Notes

Risk of cardiovascular disease mortality by cardiorespiratory fitness and body mass index categories, 2316 men with type 2 diabetes at baseline, 179 deaths. Risk ratios are adjusted for age and examination year. Black bars = low cardiorespiratory fitness, white bars = moderate cardiorespiratory fitness (in the obese category, the white bar includes both moderate and high cardiorespiratory fitness, and the grey bar = high cardiorespiratory fitness). (Adapted from Church TS et al. Arch Int Med 2005;165:2114–20)‏

Risk of cardiovascular disease mortality by cardiorespiratory fitness and body mass index categories, 2316 men with type 2 diabetes at baseline, 179 deaths.


Copyright © BMJ Publishing Group Ltd & British Association of Sport and Exercise Medicine. All rights reserved.

Normal Weight and Unfit Fat and Fit


Presenter

Presentation Notes

Risk of cardiovascular disease mortality by cardiorespiratory fitness and body mass index categories, 2316 men with type 2 diabetes at baseline, 179 deaths. Risk ratios are adjusted for age and examination year. Black bars = low cardiorespiratory fitness, white bars = moderate cardiorespiratory fitness (in the obese category, the white bar includes both moderate and high cardiorespiratory fitness, and the grey bar = high cardiorespiratory fitness). (Adapted from Church TS et al. Arch Int Med 2005;165:2114–20)‏

Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Body Mass Index as Predictors of Cardiovascular Disease Mortality

Among Men With Diabetes Timothy S. Church, MD, MPH, PhD; Michael J. LaMonte, PhD; Carolyn E. Barlow, MS; Steven N. Blair, PED Arch Intern Med. 2005;165:2114-2120


179 CVD deaths during a mean (SD) follow-up of 15.9 (7.9) years and 36 710 “manyears” of exposure.

Cumulative all-cause mortality associated with randomization to dietary weight loss in the Trial of Nonpharmacologic Intervention in the Elderly (TONE). 1Based on Cox proportional

hazards regression.

Shea M K et al. Am J Clin Nutr 2011;94:839-846

©2011 by American Society for Nutrition

Presenter

Presentation Notes

Cumulative all-cause mortality associated with randomization to dietary weight loss in the Trial of Nonpharmacologic Intervention in the Elderly (TONE). 1Based on Cox proportional hazards regression.

CVD Mortality Risk Factors Modified by Physical Activity

In Summary


NEW WAY OF RECORDING AND INCENTIVISING SPORT


2012 London Reading Vancouver Shanghai

The Global School Walking Competition



www.beatthestreet.me

The Beat Boxes were installed around the school in three circles. The Beat Boxes in the outer circle had three points, the middle circle, two points and the inner circle (the school) one point.



Each Child has an online consul to see their progress

© Copyright 2012 Intelligent Health | Beat The Street

SCHOOL RANKINGS 1st Laura Secord 58% Vancouver 2nd Lord Kitchener 56% Vancouver 3rd Zenchuan School 42% Shanghai 4th Cleeve Park 35% London 5th Reading Girls 34% Reading 6th Lammas School 29% London 6th George Mitchell 28% London 7th Langley Park 27% London 7th Highdown School 27% Reading 10th Hugh Farringdon 18% Reading 11th Bow School 17% London 12th Bexleyheath Academy 12% London 13th Ravensbourne School 7% London




Health Minister Congratulates the winning Beat the Street children. Houses of Parliament October 26th 2012



London 2012 Canadian Silver Medallist Andrew Byrne supports Laura Secord School

Most incentivising components



• Sports providers hold NFC phones (e.g West Ham FC)

• Children touch phone with cards to register attendance

Get Children into Sport after Beat The Street

Mile End Park


Thank you [email protected]

Now Get Moving

Presenter

Presentation Notes

To increase the number of households that are within five minutes walk of an area of green space of at least two hectares To enable every GP or community nurse to be able to signpost patients to an approved health walk or outdoor activity programme.

mailto:[email protected]

Sedentary is the new smoking | StreetGames National Conference 2013

Health & Medicine

Transcript of Sedentary is the new smoking | StreetGames National Conference 2013