secondary storage.pptx
-
Upload
yaseensmith7 -
Category
Documents
-
view
214 -
download
0
Transcript of secondary storage.pptx
-
8/15/2019 secondary storage.pptx
1/24
Computer Components
5-1
-
8/15/2019 secondary storage.pptx
2/24
Motherboard
5-2
-
8/15/2019 secondary storage.pptx
3/24
Von Nuemann Architecture• The parts are connected to one
another by a collection of wirescalled a bus
5-3
Figure 5.2 Data flow through a von Neumann architecture
-
8/15/2019 secondary storage.pptx
4/24
Von Nuemann Architecture• The bus is !A"#$ by se%eral de%ices• This a&ects how data 'ows
• ANA()*+, – ho do you call most on your cell
phone. – ome de%ices communicate more than
others
5-/
-
8/15/2019 secondary storage.pptx
5/24
%on Neumann Architecture
5-5Figure 5.1 The von Neumann architecture
-
8/15/2019 secondary storage.pptx
6/24
Main Memory 0"AM
5-
-
8/15/2019 secondary storage.pptx
7/24
"AM• Memory is a
collection ofcells
each with auni4ue physicaladdress
• !ow many databits.
• !ow manyaddress bits.
Page 122 5-8
-
8/15/2019 secondary storage.pptx
8/24
hat is in a C 6..
5-7
-
8/15/2019 secondary storage.pptx
9/24
C 6
C 6 Components• Arithmetic (o8ic 6nit• Control 6nit•
"e8isters
5-9
A(60does thewor:
"#*0holds data
C60The ;ossM#M)"+ pro8ra
m
-
8/15/2019 secondary storage.pptx
10/24
Arithmetic
-
8/15/2019 secondary storage.pptx
11/24
"e8isters• Contain the data that the C 6 is
processin8 ?at the moment@
• There is a set of re8isters
5-11
-
8/15/2019 secondary storage.pptx
12/24
Control 6nit• Control unit controls the
instruction cycle
• "eads in a pro8ram oneinstruction at a time
• Tells the A(6 what to do
5-12
-
8/15/2019 secondary storage.pptx
13/24
Control 6nit• There are two special re8isters in the
control unit
– The instruction register 0 " containsthe instruction that is bein8 e=ecuted
– The program counter 0 C containsthe address of the ne=t instruction to bee=ecuted
5-13
-
8/15/2019 secondary storage.pptx
14/24
Memory and the Memoryyramid
5-1/
Capacity CostB
peed
Tape
Ma8netic $is:
Cache
Main "AM
lash "AM
-
8/15/2019 secondary storage.pptx
15/24
rimary and econdarytora8e
• rimary tora8e – a:a ?Main Memory@ 0usually "AM – the ?wor:in8 memory@ of the C 6 – ast – !i8h D per byte
• econdary tora8e – where all the stu& that is not bein8 wor:ed on ?now@ is
stored 0usually $ E – low – (ow D per byte
5-15
-
8/15/2019 secondary storage.pptx
16/24
rimary Memory - "AM• "AM stands for Random Access Memory
– Any location can be accessed 4uic:ly – ame amount of time to access any location
0a:a FrandomG• "AM is %olatile
– $ata is () T when the power is turned o& • rimary 0Main memory is
– Volatile – (imited – #=pensi%e
5-1
-
8/15/2019 secondary storage.pptx
17/24
rimary %s econdary• Computers ha%e a ;A(ANC# of
rimary and econdary Memory
• Trade o&s, – peed – iHe – Cost
5-1I
-
8/15/2019 secondary storage.pptx
18/24
econdary Memory• econdary memory is
– ;i8 – Cheap – lower than rimary Memory
• #=amples, – Ma8netic $is: – C$ "om – lash 0 olid tate $ri%es
5-17
-
8/15/2019 secondary storage.pptx
19/24
Ma8netic Tape• The Jrst truly
mass au=iliarystora8e de%ice
was thema8netic tapedri%e
• Cassette Tapesare still used forlar8e databac:ups
Figure 5.4 A magnetic tape 5-1
-
8/15/2019 secondary storage.pptx
20/24
Ma8netic $is:s• A read
-
8/15/2019 secondary storage.pptx
21/24
Compact $is:s• A C$ dri%e uses a laser to read
information stored optically on aplastic dis:
• C$-")M is "ead-)nly Memory – Appro=imately I>>M;
• $V$ stands for $i8ital Video $is: – Appro=imately / *;
5-21
-
8/15/2019 secondary storage.pptx
22/24
-
8/15/2019 secondary storage.pptx
23/24
-
8/15/2019 secondary storage.pptx
24/24