Secondary Distribution Substations Monitoring Solution

Smart Grids

Secondary Distribution Substations Monitoring Solution

Smart Sensors

Condition Monitoring

Asset Management

Being located close to energy end-users, Secondary Distribution Substations (SDS) always exist in large numbers, spreading throughout the territory. In order to fight both the rapid equipment decay and energy losses that affects electrical utilitiesacross the world and improve quality of service, resorting to remote condition monitoring is a key solution, thus providing real-time monitoring, assessment and communication of a number of status conditions in secondary distribution substations, yet at reduced costs.eneida®’s system provides both alarm and warning messages to staff in charge, corresponding to instant detection of appliance failures, as single events, as much as early warning of probable future malfunctions. Thus, allowing faster and more reliable condition diagnosis of Secondary Distribution Substations and, therefore, accurate and timely responses whenever required.

wireless reduced dimensions

modular

€reduced

installation costs

energy harvesting

eneida® provides a smart condition monitoring solution of

secondary distribution substations based on an innovative

distributed platform integrating smart sensors over wireless

networks. It is a cost effective solution, modular, reliable and

simple to install that enables the utility to remotely manage

and optimize its assets through the use of advanced analytics

and warnings, while minimizing outages, increasing network

reliability and optimizing maintenance.

eneida®’s Distribution SubstationManagement and Monitoring Solution

This solution consists of a fully modular platform that encompasses a number of different, independent and self contained smart devices which, being adequately located throughout a secondary substation, are functionally integrated by a higher level unit over a wireless network. This single controller unit in a substation acts primarily as data collector and processor from a number of sensors representing the status and condition of different devices and telecommunication node of a WAN-IP network (over GPRS). As depicted, besides acting locally as node of a low power, short-range wireless network (WPAN), this integrating unit has a role as gateway to the upper levels in the overall information system, for database maintenance, condition assessment, and alarm issuing.

Functionally, this system addresses the condition monitoring and diagnosis of electric components and, in accordance with the constructive type of secondary distribution substation – whether it is cabin, underground or pole-type, the intrinsic safety evaluation and the prompt detection of impending security and safety risks of the whole of substation premises, as follows:

� Switchboard: status information on all existing fuses, and real-time fuse blow-out detection;

� Transformer: vibration pattern and/or temperature taken at the top lid, with a non-intrusive sensors, thus detecting both mechanical and thermal deviations from standard normal behavior;

� Switchboard: data acquisition of RMS current and voltage flowing at each and every output LV single-phase circuit;

� Environmental safety: data acquisition of both temperature and relative humidity in the air, thus leading to abilities of fire detection and ventilation malfunction diagnosis;

� Environmental safety: flood detection and water pump malfunction diagnosis, alarms and control;

� Intrusion alarm and access control: prompt detection of intrusion through doors and ventilation grilles;

� Transformer attempted theft: prompt detection of transformer removal and dam-age;

� Partial discharges: detection and monitoring of partial discharges inside of SDS;� LV line monitoring: data acquisition of RMS current and voltage flowing at LV elec-

trical lines.

System Overview

EWS DTFEWS DTF is a wireless smart sensor that allows faster diagnostic and remote alarm about the fuse status at LV single-phase circuits,

typically in Secondary Distribution Substations (SDS).

EWS DTTI-rehThe EWS DTTI-reh is a non-invasive, wireless smart sensor for the measurement of electric current at LV

single-phase circuits, typically in Secondary Distribution Substations (SDS), and, thereafter, throughout LV distribution cabling.

EWS DTA3TAcceleration and Temperature smart sensor. Detection of the deviations from the vibration signature and overheating.

EWS DTH2OThe EWS DTH2O is a smart sensor device for the detection of water in industrial and energy facilities.

EWS DTPumpThe EWS DTPump is a self-contained smart sensor and actuator device for remote and real-time

monitoring, evaluation, test and control of an automatic water pump (like, for example, the ones operating in underground Distribution Transformers Substations, DTs).

EWS DTPThe EWS DTP is a small compact and robust smart proximity sensor. It allows detection of

opening/closing of doors and windows, and of the presence of equipment that could be removed, eg. transformers in distribution transformer substations (DTs), thus detecting and communicating intrusions and potential robberies in critical facilities.

EWS DTHTThe EWS DTHT is a robust, self-contained, smart sensor device for real-time, continuous and remote

measurement of the environment conditions, such as temperature and humidity.

EWS DTTThe EWS DTT is a robust, non-invasive, self-contained, smart sensor device for real-time, continuous and

remote measurement of the transformer temperature.

EWS DTVIFThe EWS DTVIF is a wireless smart sensor for the measurement of three-phase input voltage and current of the low voltage

electrical board of Secondary Distribution Substations (SDS). Also, the EWS DTVIF allows the status monitoring of fuses in LV three-phase circuits (up to 24 Fuses).

EWS DTP-gThe EWS DTP-g is a self-contained smart proximity sensor, with energy back-up. It allows real-time

detection of intrusion or theft of assets and its communication over GSM/GPRS protocol. It includes also a GPS Module that can be used to locate the monitored asset.

Solution Building BlocksSensors

Sensors Network Gateways

eneida® has wireless communications devices, operating over one of the most common frequency bands and protocols in the energy sector, ZigBee, and over the ‘free’ frequency bands of ISM 433 MHz (to receive information).

These devices act as gateway, bridging TCP/IP networks over GPRS communications or ModBus RTU communications and, also, as message and process routers throughout a wireless PAN net-work. Thus, this type of units allows users to easily access data collected by a number of scattered data acquisition devices, as well as issue commands to be remotely carried out at other devices across an industrial rig.

These devices are a versatile wireless smart routers, with adaptive software and memory buffers deep enough to provide the degree of data contention that is adequate to each and every applica-tion case, allowing for the differences concerning both message format and data rate communica-tion in the different networks. This gateway may be remote configured over SMS or GPRS.

There are available the following versions:* EWS G2G4-gpwr - converts Zigbee to GPRS;* EWS G433M-gpwr - converts 433MHz to GPRS;* EWS G2G4-mpwr - converts Zigbee to ModBus RTU;* EWS G433M-mpwr - converts 433 MHz to ModBus RTU.

The communications structure has been made as simple as possible. Communications are performed through a gateway (EWS G2G4-gpwr, EWS G433M-gpwr or EWS G433M-mpwr) that allows two-way communications between the central server and sensors installed at secondary distribution substations. The communication between gateway and central server is over GPRS (or Modbus when the SDS have a RTU installed that communicates over this protocol) and between sensors and gateway is over 2.4 GHz (Zigbee) or ISM 433Mhz radio.

The SDS monitoring and management software, EWS DT1, receive and manage, remotely, all data acquired by sensors. This software is based in five modules designated equally to the system benefits. The front end of this web application provides a country map with information about geo-referenced SDS and its sensors. It is a complete, fast and cost-effective solution for effectively managing and monitoring its assets. Through a single computer, tablet or smartphone, it allows the users to track its assets and to know its operational status. Plus, the users can automatically receive reports and warnings to staff in charge, corresponding to instant detection of appliance failures, as single events, as much as early warning of probable future malfunctions. Thus, allowing faster and more reliable condition diagnosis of SDS and, therefore, accurate and timely responses whenever required. This web application could be visualized through a computer, smartphone or tablet. This guarantees versatility and mobility to the users.

Communications and Software

How it works

Quality of Service Improvement� Fuse Status Real Time Monitoring� Output Currents Monitoring� Voltage Monitoring� Temperature Monitoring� Partial Discharges Monitoring

Outage prevention and/or its remote and real-time detection is one of the main focus of this solution;

DNOs receive warnings when an output circuit fails to provide energy.

DNOs receive warnings also when their DS have abnormal conditions that correlate with their potential failure: high temperature inside of DS that could cause its failure, or when it has partial discharge activity that indicates problems with this asset and its possible failure;

The monitoring of current and voltage gives information about the energy supply conditions and if these electrical parameters are out of the range defined by electrical regulator, the users receive warnings.

VARIABLES MONITORED AND SYSTEMS OUR PRODUCTS

Fuse Status Monitoring EWS DTF-r, EWS DTVIF

Output Currents Measurements EWS DTTI-reh, EWS DTVIF

Temperatures (Environment & Transformer`s) EWS DTHT-r, EWS DTT-r

Voltage Measurement EWS DTVIF

Communication Gateway EWS G2G4-mpwr, EWS G433M-mpwr; EWS G2G4-gpwr, EWS G433M-gpwr

Software EWS DT1

Effective Life Extension

BenefitsSecurity Conditions and Operation Management Improvement

Quality of Service Improvement Environmental

Risk Reduction

Technical and Non-Technical Losses Reduction

Environment Risk Reduction� Temperature Monitoring� Ventilation Problems� Fire Detection� Flood Prevention

High temperatures, temperatures variations and humidity levels inside of DS give warnings of potential Fire;

Software allows the dew point calculation – flood prevention;

Automatically water pump test and control – flood prevention – when the environment conditions show probability of rain or the existence of water;

Water and flood detection inside of DS.VARIABLES MONITORED AND SYSTEMS OUR PRODUCTS

Flood Prevention EWS DTH2O, EWS DTPump-r

High Temperatures, Ventilation Problems Reduction; Fires Prevention EWS DTHT-r


Software EWS DT1

Effective Life Extension� Voltage and Current Unbalance Monitoring� Partial Discharges Monitoring� Temperature Monitoring

Our clients receive warnings when the operational and environmental conditions of the DS can affect significantly its effective life:

Current or Voltage Unbalance causes additional stress and abrasion of the power transformer, which causes a decrease in the lifetime of this equipment when unbalance values are critical;

Data correlation about partial discharge activity, temperature and humidity gives users information about the operations status of the DS assets;

High temperatures and hotspots in the transformer, probably allied to the high currents, decreases the lifetime of the transformer insulation;

Data correlation about environment temperature, transformer temperature and charge give users information about transformer abnormal operationconditions.


Voltage or Current Unbalances EWS DTTI-reh, EWS DTVIF



Software EWS DT1

Security Conditions and Operation Management Improvement� Access Control � Intrusion Detection� Removal/Damage of Transformer � Transformer Theft Detection

DNOs are automatically warned if there is an entrance to the DS, of if there are attempts to damage or remove the transformer;

The access control into the DS can help optimize the management of maintenance teams.


Access Control, Intrusion Detection, Removal/ damage of Equipment EWS DTP-r

Transformer Theft Detection EWS DTP-g


Software EWS DT1

Technical and Non-Technical Losses Reduction� Current Unbalance Monitoring� LV Line Losses Monitoring� Temperature Monitoring

Current Unbalance causes higher temperatures – losses per Joule effect – and decreases the efficiency of the transformer. Through the comparison of the theoretical losses and the actual losses the system provides warnings if the difference is critical;

Comparing the energy supplied by transformer to an output circuit and the energy measured in one point of the LV line, the system make the comparison of the values and gives a report about the losses in that line segment. The system analysis the voltage level in the monitored point. If the line voltage is low there is increased losses;

The increasing of Temperature causes more losses by Joule effect;

This system estimates non-technical losses per feeder/transformer and per phase by comparing energy demand at feeder/transformer level (including accurate technical losses) with customer billing.


Voltage and Current Monitoring (DS and LV lines) EWS DTTI-reh, EWS DTVIF


Power Supplied vs Power Received/ Invoiced; Or Current Supplied vs Received EWS DTTI-reh, EWS DTVIF


Software EWS DT1

Technical Specifications

EWS DTF EWS DTTI EWS DTH20 EWS DTPump EWS DTVIF

ELECTRICAL

Power Supply energy harvest-ing (voltage) and

storage (0.5F super capacitor)

energy harvesting (magnetic induction)

Battery A 3,6V 230 Vac Self-supplied, through V3

Power Consumption N/A N/A N/A <0,1 A @230Vac

Battery Backup Super capacitor 2 hours

N/A N/A

Line Voltage Range N/A N/A N/A N/A

ENVIRONMENTAL

Operating Temperature -10ºC to +55ºC -10ºC to +55ºC -20ºC to +85ºC -20ºC to +85ºC -10ºC to +55ºC

Operating Humidity Up to 85%, non-condensing

Up to 85º, non-condensing

Up to 100º Up to 100º, non-condensing


MECHANICAL

Housing ABS ABS PC + GF AlSi12 ABS

IP Rating IP 20 IP20 IP 66 IP 66 IP 40

Ø split-core CT N/A 22 mm or 28 mm, maximum

N/A By operator

Mounting Options N/A N/A Screw Mounting Screw Mounting (optional socket)

Wall mounting with screws

Dimensions (WxHxD), mm

57.0 x 86.2 x 25.0 86.2 x 101.5 x 57.0 / 86.2 x 120.0 x 57.5

65 x 50 x 35 122 x 82 x 55 150 x 244 x 70

Weight, g 359

COMMUNICATION

Protocol 433MHz, Zigbee 433MHz, Zigbee 433MHz, Zigbee 433MHz, Zigbee r, g

Version r, r2 r, r2 r, r2 r, r2 r, g

Range 200 m@ +10 dBm, in open field

200 m@ +10 dBm, in open field

200 m@ + 10 dBm, in open field



Data transmission rate 115 kbps 115 kbps 115 kbps 115 kbps 115 kbps

Data refreshing rate Multiple of 5 minutes

Multiple of 5 minutes




CERTIFICATION

Manufactured under an ISO 9001 registered program

Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

CE IEC 61131-2(2007) IEC 61131-2(2007) IEC 61131-2(2007) IEC 61131-2(2007) IEC 61131-2(2007)

DATA

Data Type Digital ON/OFF True RMS current Digital ON/OFF Pick current True RMS

Range N/A (0)1 - 400A N/A 0-15A / 230V 0-24Vac / 0 to 5A

Resolution N/A 0.1 A N/A 0.1 A 0.1V / 0.1A

Accuracy N/A Better than ± 1% N/A 5%1%

Data acquisition rate N/A Multiple of 1 minute N/A Multiple of 1 minute Direct / CT(2.5VA min)

EWS DTHT EWS DTT EWS DTP-G EWS DTA3T

ELECTRICAL

Power Supply Battery A 3,6V 3,6V Li - SO Cl2 sin-gle battery (2,1 Ah)

5Vdc ± 5% 7-30 Vdc

Power Consumption N/A During data aquisition: 12 mA During radio trab-smission: 35 mA During sleeping

mode: 10 µA

600 mA @ 5Vdc maximum

(320 mW max)

Battery Backup N/A N/A

Line Voltage Range N/A N/A

ENVIRONMENTAL

Operating Temperature -20ºC to +85ºC -10ºC to +85ºC -10ºC to +55ºC (discharge)

0ºC to +40ºC (charge)

-20ºC to +70ºC

Operating Humidity Up to 100º, non-condensing

Up to 100%, non-condensing

Up to 100%, non-condensing


MECHANICAL

Housing PC + GF AlSi12 ABS Anodized Aluminium 6082 T6

IP Rating IP 65 IP 66 IP 65 IP 67

Ø split-core CT N/A N/A

Mounting Options Screw Mounting (optional socket)

Glue mounting N/A M8 Adapters

Dimensions (WxHxD), mm

65 x 50 x 35 50 x 45 x 30 (without antenna);

83 x 45 x 30 (with antenna)

130 x 105 x 55 38 x 70

Weight, g 150 270 180

COMMUNICATION

Protocol 433MHz, Zigbee Zigbee GSM / GPRS ModBus RTU

Version r, r2 r2 m

Range 200 m@ + 10 dBm, in open field

Outdoor line of sight up 50m

N/A

Data transmission rate 115 kbps 250 Kbit/s (Kbps) N/A

Data refreshing rate Multiple of 5 minutes

24 hours 7s

CERTIFICATION

Manufactured under an ISO 9001 registered program

Yes Yes Yes Yes

CE IEC 61131-2(2007) IEC 61131-2(2007) IEC 61131-2(2007) IEC 61131-2(2007)

DATA

Data Type % relative humidity and temperature

Temperature Digital ON/OFF Acceleration and temperature

Range Humidity: up to 100% RH; Tempera-ture: -20ºC to +85ºC

-10ºC to +85ºC 0 to 1 cm (with As-semtech CTI302M)

Acceleration: RMS - Vel. (0 - 50 mm/s) ; Temperature: -20ºC

to +80ºC

Resolution Humidity: 0,04%; Temperature: 0,01ºC

0,1ºC Acceleration : 12 bit; Temperature: 0,1ºC

Accuracy Humidity: ± 5%; Temperature: ±

0,5ºC typ

± 1ºC typ. Acceleration: 0,1% FS;Temperature:

±0,5ºC typ.

Data acquisition rate Multiple of 1 minute 15 minutes Multiple of 5 sec-onds

Edifício E - IPN, Rua Pedro Nunes :: 3030-199 Coimbra :: Portugal tel +351 239 111 180 :: fax +351 239 100 020 :: www.eneidaws.com :: [email protected]

About eneida® Wireless & Sensorseneida® Wireless & Sensors develops, manufactures and delivers robust Smart Sensors and Industrial Wireless Networks, certified and tested for operating in the aggressive environments of the electric utilities and large process industries (Oil &Gas, Chemicals, Mining & Metals), providing real-time, continuous and reliable visibility, monitoring and control of assets, people and environments.

eneida® offers Smart Sensors Networks that allow the electric utilities to, efficiently and continuously, monitor the condition of their Secondary Distribution Substations and the critical assets of Power Substations (Transformers, Circuit Breakers, HV Isolators and DC Systems). eneida® solutions allow to the Transmission and Distribution Network Operators to have significant improvements in terms of Quality of Service, Maintenance Productivity, Effective Life of the Equipment, Energy Efficiency, Security and Environmental Risks Reduction.

Secondary Distribution Substations Monitoring Solution

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