Science

SOL Review Packet

Name ______________________

4.2 Force, motion, and energy Vocabulary. ____ Energy

____ Position

____ Motion

____ Potential Energy

____ Kinetic Energy

____ Force

____ Speed

____ Direction

____ Friction

The greater the force on an object, the ______________ the change in motion will be. The more massive an object is, the __________ effect a given force will have on the object. What two things determine an objects motion? _________________ & _________________ Illustrate and label the vocabulary words in the boxes below.

a. the energy of motion or movement; the energy inside a moving

object

b. where an object is located

c. stored energy; energy inside a still object

d. the ability to do work. Anything that is moving has energy.

Anything that is not moving but can move has energy

e. when an object changes its position by moving in direction

f. how fast an object is moving

g. a force that slows the speed of a moving object and creates heat.

h. a push or pull that causes an object to move, change direction,

change speed, or stop.

i. up, down, forward, backward

4.3 Electricity Vocabulary.

____ Conductor

____ Insulator

____ Heat Energy

____ Electrical Energy

____ Light Energy

____ Mechanical Energy

____ Static Electricity

____ Electromagnet

____ Magnetic Field

____ Electrons

____ Current

____ Circuit

____ Open Circuit

____ Closed Circuit

____ Series Circuit

____ Parallel Circuit

____ Benjamin Franklin

____ Michael Faraday

____ Thomas Edison

a. energy that can be seen as light

b. a material that doesn’t allow electricity to flow through it easily

c. energy that is transferred by differences in temperature

d. a material that allows electricity to flow through it easily

e. energy made by the electrons flowing from atom to atom

a. The lines of force surrounding a magnet, which are strongest at the poles

b. A temporary magnet made by coiling wire around and iron core and connecting it to a battery, turning the iron into a magnet when the current flows through the coils

c. The continuous flow of electrons d. An electrical charge built up on a person or in objects through

friction e. The negative charge inside of an atom

a. two or more pathways for electricity to travel

b. allows electricity to continue flowing and moving without any

breaks to stop the electricity

c. only has one pathway for electricity to travel

d. path that an electrical current travels through

e. circuit that has breaks which stop the flow of electricity

a. he invented the electromagnet. He discovered that a

magnetic field is created when electricity is sent through iron

b. he studied electricity and patented the incandescent light bulb

c. he discovered that lightening is a form of electricity

List examples of the following:

1. Conductors: ___________________________________________________________

2. Insulators: ____________________________________________________________

3. Electrical Energy: _______________________________________________________

4. Heat Energy: __________________________________________________________

5. Light Energy: __________________________________________________________

6. Mechanical Energy: ______________________________________________________

7. Static Electricity: _______________________________________________________

Draw an example of each type of circuit:

Open Circuit Closed Circuit

Parallel Circuit Series Circuit

4.4 Plants

Vocabulary.

____ Plant

____ Flower

____ Leaves

____ Stem

____ Roots

____ Sepal

____ Stamen

____ Pistil

____ Stigma

____ Ovary

____ Ovule

____ Seeds

____ Pollination

____ Spores

____ Photosynthesis

____ Glucose

____ Dormancy

____ Adaptations

____ Chlorophyll

a. A basic part of plants that make the food.

b. A living thing that makes its own food

c. A basic part of plants that absorb water and nutrients from the soil

and anchors the plant in place

d. A basic part of most plants who function is to make the seeds

e. A basic part of most plants that act like a straw. It brings water and

nutrients up to the leaves and supports the plant.

a. The bottom part of the pistil where the seeds are made

b. A hollow structure in the center of a flower that looks like and upside

down light bulb

c. The egg inside the ovary that turns into a seed when pollen is mixed

with it.

d. Special leaves at the base of the flower that protect the flower

petals before they open

e. Thin stalks inside a flower that have pollen at the top of them

f. The top part of the pistil that is sticky so it can catch pollen

a. food making process for plants

b. an ovule that has grown a protective cover and can grow a new

plant if the conditions are right

c. a speck of living material that allows a new plant to grow. Some

plants use these to reproduce instead of seeds

d. this process of pollen being transferred from the stamen to the

stigma so that new seeds can be made

a. when plants are not growing, but are not dead

b. the sugar, or a plants food, made during photosynthesis

c. parts of a plant or plant behavior that help the plant to survive in

their environment

d. a compound that is inside the leaves of plants that make them the

color green. It is used during photosynthesis.

Order the steps of pollination.

A. Pollen moves down the pistil to connect with the ovules

B. Insects and the wind take pollen from one flower to another

C. Seeds are formed

D. Pollen sticks to the stigma

Plants have many adaptations, which help them to survive. Some physical adaptations are…

o Cacti: their roots are very shallow and wide spread in order to ____________ as much

water as possible when it rains

o Leaves: some have _____________ on the ends, which helps rain to drop off of them.

o Vines: they curl around objects to climb towards the _________________

o Some plants have thorns, which protect them from animals.

stamen pistil stem sepal ovary stigma anther petals

A. Things that help organisms to meet their needs to survive

B. The role (job) that an organism has in a community, including

what it eats and what eats it

C. Special activities or actions that help an organism survive

D. The place an animal naturally lives (the animals’ home) and

provides food, water, space, and shelter.

E. Special body parts or parts of a plant that help an

organism survive

4.5 Living Systems

_____ Population

_____ Community

_____ Ecosystem

_____ Producers

_____ Consumers

_____ Carnivore

_____ Herbivore

_____ Omnivore

_____ Decomposers

_____ Habitat

_____ Niche

_____ Adaptations

_____ Structural Adaptations

_____ Behavioral Adaptations

Pick an animal of your choice. List 2 structural adaptations and 2 behavioral adaptations of this animal. Animal: _______________________________ Circle : Is you animal a producer, consumer, carnivore, herbivore, omnivore, or decomposer?

Structural Behavioral

1. 2.

1. 2.

A. A group of all different populations living together in an area

and are dependent on each other

B. All of the living organisms and nonliving things working

together in an area

C. A group of the same type of organism living in the same place

at the same time

A. An organism that breaks down dead things

B. An animal that eats only plants.

C. An organism that eats other living things to get its energy (food)

D. An animal that eats both plants and other animals (meat).

E. An organism that makes its own food from the sun’s energy

F. An animal that eats only meat.

4.6 Clouds & Weather _____ Meteorology

_____ Atmosphere

_____ Temperature

_____ Humidity

_____ Tornado

_____ Hurricane

_____ Front

_____ Air Pressure

_____ Anemometer

_____ Barometer

_____ Precipitation

_____ Air Mass

_____ Cirrus

_____ Cumulus

_____ Cumulonimbus

_____ Stratus

Label the clouds below using the 4 types of clouds listed above.

A. Violent windstorm that lasts only minutes

B. The measure of the amount of hear in the air

C. The study of weather

D. A violent storm that develops over the ocean

E. Measure of the amount of moisture in the air

F. The thin blanket of gases that surround the Earth

A. Water that falls back to Earth from clouds

B. The boundary between two air masses

C. A huge body of air that has the same temperature

and humidity throughout

D. The force with which air pushes

E. An instrument that measures wind speed

F. An instrument that measures air pressure

A. A cumulus cloud that is taller, dark on the bottom, and

produces precipitation.

B. Thin, wispy cloud

C. Flat and sheet like clouds spread across the sky. This can

become rain clouds if they move higher in the sky.

D. Puffy and white clouds that look like cotton. Seen when

the weather is nice and calm, but they can turn into

storm clouds.

_______________ is no longer considered a

planet. It is now classified as a __________

planet.

4.7 Solar System Fill in the blanks using the following words…

Mars, Earth, Mercury, Neptune, Sun, Jupiter, Uranus, Saturn, Venus

Planets in Order from Largest to Smallest

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

Terrestrial Planets Gas Planets

1. 2. 3. 4.

1. 2. 3. 4.

The Earth completes one ____________________ around the sun ever 365 ¼ days.

The moon __________________ around Earth about once every month.

The Earth experiences seasons because of the __________________________________.

The sun is a yellow _______________ and is approximately _______ ___________ years old.

Earth Centered Model:

Who?

1.

2.

Picture:

Sun Centered Model:

Who?

1.

2.

Picture:

4.8 Moon Phases

Label the moon phases below

4.9 Natural Resources _____ River

_____ Lake

_____ Watershed

_____ Bay

Important mineral resources found in Virginia:

1. _____________________

2. _____________________

3. _____________________

4. _____________________

Natural Resource Human Resource

Definition: Definition:

Example:

Example:

A. An area over which surface water flows to a single collection

place

B. A body of usually fresh water surrounded by land

C. A large natural stream of water

D. Body of water partially surrounded by land; usually leads into an

ocean

5.1 & 4.1 Scientific Method

_____ Observation

_____ Prediction

_____ Conclusion

_____ Inference

_____ Constant

_____ Independent variable

_____ Dependent variable

_____ Trial

_____ Hypothesis

_____ Procedures

_____ Qualitative data

_____ Quantitative data

List the steps of the Scientific Method in order.

A. the factor in an experiment that changes as a result of the manipulation of the independent variable. It is the data you collect. B. A forecast of what could happen C. a tentative explanation based on background knowledge and available data D. A repeat of an experiment to make sure the data is correct E. A testable statement about what you think will happen in an experiment. It is a prediction about the relationship between variables. (Written in “if…then…” form) F. A description and data that can be observed, but not measured. (The cat is red) G. A summary statement based on the results of an investigation H. Things kept the exact same in an experiment to make sure the experiment is fair I. Data that can be counted or measured and the results can be recorded using numbers. Quantitative data can be represented visually in graphs and charts. (34 grams) J. A statement or comment about what you see, feel, taste, hear, or smell. K. the factor in an experiment that is altered by the experimenter. This is purposely changed or manipulated; “the cause”

L. The step-by-step instructions for how to conduct the experiment

5.1 Metric Measurement

Match the term on the left with the unit on the right. You will use each twice.

_____ Measures Length

_____ Graduated Cylinder

_____ Measures Mass a. Grams

_____ Balance b. Meters

_____ Meter Stick c. Liters

_____ Measures Temperature d. Celsius

_____ Thermometer

_____ Measures Volume

Label each of the tools below.

Write M (mass), V (volume), L (length), T (temperature) beside each unit.

_____ meters

_____ grams

_____ kilograms

_____ centimeters

_____ liters

_____ degrees Celsius

_____ milliliters

_____ kilometers

_____ millimeters

_____ milligrams

Use the units above to estimate what you would use to measure each of the following.

a. Volume of a bathtub ___________________

b. Length of a bicycle ___________________

c. Mass of an elephant ___________________

d. Temperature of the classroom ___________________

e. Length of a toothbrush ___________________

f. Mass of a toothpick ___________________

g. Volume of a cup of coffee ___________________

h. Mass of a spoon ___________________

i. Volume of medicine in a medicine dropper ___________________

j. Length of a marathon ___________________

5.2 Sound

_____ Vibration

_____ Sound

_____ Matter

_____ Vacuum

_____ Frequency

_____ Pitch

_____ Echo

_____ Echolocation

_____ Sonar

_____ Volume

_____ Amplitude

_____ Compression

_____ Wavelength

_____ Rarefaction

_____ String

_____ Percussion

_____ Wind

_____ Electric

A. A form of kinetic energy created by vibrations.

B. Anything that has mass and takes up space.

C. Creates sound

D. A space that does not have any matter, so sound cannot travel

through it.

A. The highness or lowness of the sound.

B. When animals locate objects by using reflected sound (echoes)

C. The loudness (or softness) of a sound.

D. When humans use machines that give off sound waves to

detect objects.

E. A reflected sound wave.

F. The number times the matter vibrations in a second

A. Where the wavelengths are “smushed” very close together in a

sound wave as the wave travels through matter.

B. The distance between two of the same points on waves

C. Where the wavelengths are spread apart in a sound wave as

the wave travels through matter.

D. The amount of sound energy in a compression wave . Also,

known as the height of the wave.

A. The group of instruments that create sound when their strings

are vibrated

B. The group of instruments that create sound using electricity

C. The group of instruments that create sound with moving air

D. The group of instruments that create sound when their

surface is hit or struck

Draw and label a compression wave.

Draw a compression wave and label parts of compression and rarefaction.

Sound travels fastest through a… (circle)

Solid Liquid Gas

The higher the frequency, the _____________ the pitch.

Dogs hear things that humans do not because…

5.3 Light

_____ Light Ray

_____ Electromagnetic Spectrum

_____ Visible Spectrum

_____ White Light

_____ Prism

_____ Crest

_____ Trough

_____ Wavelength

_____ Amplitude

_____ Frequency

_____ Reflect

_____ Refract

_____ Transmit

_____ Absorb

_____ Opaque

_____ Translucent

_____ Transparent

A. The band of color that makes up white light

B. A tool that is made of clear glass/plastic which

breaks up white light into the visible light spectrum

C. The entire range of electromagnetic radiation

D. ROYGBIV

E. Light waves traveling in straight paths and doesn’t

need a medium to move through

A. Bottom point of a wave

B. Top point of a wave

C. Number of waves passing a given point

D. The size of the wave, measured by the distance

between two of the crests.

E. The height of the wave that indicates the intensity

of the light.

A. Sunlight goes straight through a clear window

B. When light is soaked up by an object and changes

into heat energy

C. A spoon appears to bend when it is immersed in a

cup of water

D. When light bounces off an object at the same

angle.

A. When light cannot pass through a material

at all

B. Clear glass, clear plastic food wrap, clean

water, and air

C. Wax paper, frosted glass, thin fabric, thin

paper.

Name the colors in the visible spectrum in order from shortest to longest wavelength.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

Explain how a rainbow is formed

Use the image below to draw how sunlight acts when it comes into contact with raindrops.

5.4 Matter _____ Matter

_____ Volume

_____ Atoms

_____ Molecules

_____ Elements

_____ Compounds

_____ Melt

_____ Evaporate

_____ Condense

_____ Freeze

_____ Physical Change

_____ Chemical Change

_____ Mixture

_____ Solution

Draw a picture of molecules in a solid, liquid, and gas. On the line below, explain how fast or slow they move.

A. The smallest piece of matter that is so small we cannot see

them with our eyes.

B. Anything that has mass and takes up space

C. The amount of spaces an object or substance takes up

D. Matter that is formed when two or more molecules (or

elements) join together.

E. Matter created when multiple atoms are joined together.

F. Molecules that is made up of only ONE kind of atom.

A. When a liquid is cooled and changes to a solid

B. When a gas is cooled (heat is removed) and it changes to a

liquid

C. When a liquid is heated and changes to a gas

D. When a solid is heated and it becomes a liquid

A. When two or more different substances are blended physically

B. When a new substance is formed as a result

C. When one substance dissolves into another; a type of mixture

D. When matter is changed by shape or size, but still the same

type of substance or material

Solid Liquid Gas

5.4 Atoms Draw and label an atom with 4 protons, neutrons, and electrons. Compound or element? Helium (He) _______________

Salt (NaCl) _______________

Carbon (C) _______________

Oxygen (O) _______________

Carbon Dioxide (CO2) _______________

Potassium (K) _______________

Iron (Fe) _______________

Water (H20) _______________

Mixture or Solution?

Sugar & Water _______________

Cereal _______________

Lemonade _______________

Salt & Water _______________

Soda _______________

Salad _______________

Sugar & Salt _______________

Sand & Water _______________

5.5 Cells & Domains

_____ Organism

_____ Cell

A. A tiny building block that makes up living things.

B. Any living thing.

_____ Nucleus

_____Cell Membrane

_____ Vacuole

_____ Cytoplasm

_____ Chloroplast

_____ Cell wall

_____ Kingdom

_____ Plant

_____ Xylem

_____ Vascular

_____ Nonvascular

_____ Animal

_____ Vertebrate

_____ Invertebrate

A. Plants that have xylem inside that can grow tall and

have a stem, roots and leaves

B. A kingdom of living things that get energy by making

their food through photosynthesis

C. Plants that do not have xylem inside and must absorb

water through their leaves.

D. A group of living things based on their

characteristics.

E. A tiny tube inside a plant that carries water

throughout the whole plant

F. Animals that do not have a backbone

G. A kingdom of living things that eat other organisms

to get their food

H. Animals that have a backbone

A. Found ONLY in plant cells, this organelle makes food for the cell.

B. The structure in a cell that stores food, water, and waste

C. A tough outer layer that protects the plant cell and helps it

keep its rectangular shape

D. The very thin lining of a cell that controls what comes in and out

E. The round structure inside a cell that is the control center

F. The jelly-like filling in a cell that holds all the other parts in place

Vertebrate or Invertebrate?

_____ Coral

_____ Rabbit

_____ Ant

_____ Lizard

_____ Snake

_____ Pelican

_____ Turtle

_____ Octopus

Vascular or Nonvascular?

_____ Rose

_____ Oak Tree

_____ Moss

_____ Weeds

_____ Liverwort

_____ Grass

_____ Celery

_____ Hornwort

5.6 Oceanography _____Continental shelf

_____Continental slope

_____Continental rise

_____Abyssal Plain

_____Trench

_____Mid-ocean ridges

_____Currents

_____ Tides

_____ Waves

_____ Salinity

_____ Depth

_____ Pressure

_____ Marine organism

_____ Phytoplankton

_____ Zooplankton

A. The part of the ocean floor that begins at the shoreline and

gently slopes underwater

B. The flat and deep part of the ocean floor that is out in the

“open ocean” areas.

C. The deepest part of the ocean floor that is like a canyon. D. A chain of mountains found on the ocean floor that are

formed by the ocean floor spreading apart

E. A steep drop off area of the ocean floor F. The gently sloping area of the ocean floor that connects the

steep drop off to the flat part of the ocean floor

A. The weight of the water pushing on an object.

B. A movement of water that causes the water level at the

shores to rise and lower. C. The amount of dissolved salts in water

D. Any living thing that is found in the water E. Tiny free-floating animal-like marine organisms

F. Tiny free-floating plant-like marine organisms that are the base

of most ocean food chains. G. How deep the water is

H. A movement of the water that occurs only at the surface or

top of the water

I. River-like movements of the water within the ocean. Currents

move in circular patterns around the world.

5.7 Earth Science Draw and label the rock cycle.

Word Bank: Sedimentary, Metamorphic, Igneous, Melting, Pressure, Erosion, Heat, Weathering

Draw and label the layers of the Earth.

Word Bank: Inner Core, Mantle, Outer Core, Crust

Draw each of the plate boundaries in the boxes below.

Divergent Convergent Transform

Causes: Causes: Causes:

Science

SOL Review Packet

Name ______________________ KEY

4.2 Force, motion, and energy Vocabulary. ____ Energy

____ Position

____ Motion

____ Potential Energy

____ Kinetic Energy

____ Force

____ Speed

____ Direction

____ Friction

The greater the force on an object, the ______________ the change in motion will be. The more massive an object is, the __________ effect a given force will have on the object. What two things determine an objects motion? _________________ & _________________ Illustrate and label the vocabulary words in the boxes below.

a. the energy of motion or movement; the energy inside a moving

object

b. where an object is located

c. stored energy; energy inside a still object

d. the ability to do work. Anything that is moving has energy.

Anything that is not moving but can move has energy

e. when an object changes its position by moving in direction

f. how fast an object is moving

g. a force that slows the speed of a moving object and creates heat.

h. a push or pull that causes an object to move, change direction,

change speed, or stop.

i. up, down, forward, backward

db

eca

hfig

greaterless

speed direction

4.3 Electricity Vocabulary.

____ Conductor

____ Insulator

____ Heat Energy

____ Electrical Energy

____ Light Energy

____ Mechanical Energy

____ Static Electricity

____ Electromagnet

____ Magnetic Field

____ Electrons

____ Current

____ Circuit

____ Open Circuit

____ Closed Circuit

____ Series Circuit

____ Parallel Circuit

____ Benjamin Franklin

____ Michael Faraday

____ Thomas Edison

a. energy that can be seen as light

b. a material that doesn’t allow electricity to flow through it easily

c. energy that is transferred by differences in temperature

d. a material that allows electricity to flow through it easily

e. energy made by the electrons flowing from atom to atom

a. The lines of force surrounding a magnet, which are strongest at the poles

b. A temporary magnet made by coiling wire around and iron core and connecting it to a battery, turning the iron into a magnet when the current flows through the coils

c. The continuous flow of electrons d. An electrical charge built up on a person or in objects through

friction e. The negative charge inside of an atom

a. two or more pathways for electricity to travel

b. allows electricity to continue flowing and moving without any

breaks to stop the electricity

c. only has one pathway for electricity to travel

d. path that an electrical current travels through

e. circuit that has breaks which stop the flow of electricity

a. he invented the electromagnet. He discovered that a

magnetic field is created when electricity is sent through iron

b. he studied electricity and patented the incandescent light bulb

c. he discovered that lightening is a form of electricity

dbceaf

dbaec

debca

cab

List examples of the following:

1. Conductors: ___________________________________________________________

2. Insulators: ____________________________________________________________

3. Electrical Energy: _______________________________________________________

4. Heat Energy: __________________________________________________________

5. Light Energy: __________________________________________________________

6. Mechanical Energy: ______________________________________________________

7. Static Electricity: _______________________________________________________

Draw an example of each type of circuit:

Open Circuit Closed Circuit

Parallel Circuit Series Circuit

metal wood

lamp

heater lightbulb

fan, drill lightening

4.4 Plants

Vocabulary.

____ Plant

____ Flower

____ Leaves

____ Stem

____ Roots

____ Sepal

____ Stamen

____ Pistil

____ Stigma

____ Ovary

____ Ovule

____ Seeds

____ Pollination

____ Spores

____ Photosynthesis

____ Glucose

____ Dormancy

____ Adaptations

____ Chlorophyll

a. A basic part of plants that make the food.

b. A living thing that makes its own food

c. A basic part of plants that absorb water and nutrients from the soil

and anchors the plant in place

d. A basic part of most plants who function is to make the seeds

e. A basic part of most plants that act like a straw. It brings water and

nutrients up to the leaves and supports the plant.

a. The bottom part of the pistil where the seeds are made

b. A hollow structure in the center of a flower that looks like and upside

down light bulb

c. The egg inside the ovary that turns into a seed when pollen is mixed

with it.

d. Special leaves at the base of the flower that protect the flower

petals before they open

e. Thin stalks inside a flower that have pollen at the top of them

f. The top part of the pistil that is sticky so it can catch pollen

a. food making process for plants

b. an ovule that has grown a protective cover and can grow a new

plant if the conditions are right

c. a speck of living material that allows a new plant to grow. Some

plants use these to reproduce instead of seeds

d. this process of pollen being transferred from the stamen to the

stigma so that new seeds can be made

a. when plants are not growing, but are not dead

b. the sugar, or a plants food, made during photosynthesis

c. parts of a plant or plant behavior that help the plant to survive in

their environment

d. a compound that is inside the leaves of plants that make them the

color green. It is used during photosynthesis.

bdaec

debfac

bdca

bacd

Order the steps of pollination.

A. Pollen moves down the pistil to connect with the ovules

B. Insects and the wind take pollen from one flower to another

C. Seeds are formed

D. Pollen sticks to the stigma

Plants have many adaptations, which help them to survive. Some physical adaptations are…

o Cacti: their roots are very shallow and wide spread in order to ____________ as much

water as possible when it rains

o Leaves: some have _____________ on the ends, which helps rain to drop off of them.

o Vines: they curl around objects to climb towards the _________________

o Some plants have thorns, which protect them from animals.

stamen pistil stem sepal ovary stigma anther petals

B D A C

absorb

pointssun

petals

antherstamen

sepal

stigma

pistil

ovary

stem

A. Things that help organisms to meet their needs to survive

B. The role (job) that an organism has in a community, including

what it eats and what eats it

C. Special activities or actions that help an organism survive

D. The place an animal naturally lives (the animals’ home) and

provides food, water, space, and shelter.

E. Special body parts or parts of a plant that help an

organism survive

4.5 Living Systems

_____ Population

_____ Community

_____ Ecosystem

_____ Producers

_____ Consumers

_____ Carnivore

_____ Herbivore

_____ Omnivore

_____ Decomposers

_____ Habitat

_____ Niche

_____ Adaptations

_____ Structural Adaptations

_____ Behavioral Adaptations

Pick an animal of your choice. List 2 structural adaptations and 2 behavioral adaptations of this animal. Animal: _______________________________ Circle : Is you animal a producer, consumer, carnivore, herbivore, omnivore, or decomposer?

Structural Behavioral

1. 2.

1. 2.

A. A group of all different populations living together in an area

and are dependent on each other

B. All of the living organisms and nonliving things working

together in an area

C. A group of the same type of organism living in the same place

at the same time

A. An organism that breaks down dead things

B. An animal that eats only plants.

C. An organism that eats other living things to get its energy (food)

D. An animal that eats both plants and other animals (meat).

E. An organism that makes its own food from the sun’s energy

F. An animal that eats only meat.

cab

ecfbda

dbaec

Humps - store water

Camel

Eyelashes - block sun and sand from sand storms

Spitting - reaction to threat

4.6 Clouds & Weather _____ Meteorology

_____ Atmosphere

_____ Temperature

_____ Humidity

_____ Tornado

_____ Hurricane

_____ Front

_____ Air Pressure

_____ Anemometer

_____ Barometer

_____ Precipitation

_____ Air Mass

_____ Cirrus

_____ Cumulus

_____ Cumulonimbus

_____ Stratus

Label the clouds below using the 4 types of clouds listed above.

A. Violent windstorm that lasts only minutes

B. The measure of the amount of hear in the air

C. The study of weather

D. A violent storm that develops over the ocean

E. Measure of the amount of moisture in the air

F. The thin blanket of gases that surround the Earth

A. Water that falls back to Earth from clouds

B. The boundary between two air masses

C. A huge body of air that has the same temperature

and humidity throughout

D. The force with which air pushes

E. An instrument that measures wind speed

F. An instrument that measures air pressure

A. A cumulus cloud that is taller, dark on the bottom, and

produces precipitation.

B. Thin, wispy cloud

C. Flat and sheet like clouds spread across the sky. This can

become rain clouds if they move higher in the sky.

D. Puffy and white clouds that look like cotton. Seen when

the weather is nice and calm, but they can turn into

storm clouds.

cfbead

bdefac

bdac

Cumulus

Cirrus

Cumulonimbus

Stratus

_______________ is no longer considered a

planet. It is now classified as a __________

planet.

4.7 Solar System Fill in the blanks using the following words…

Mars, Earth, Mercury, Neptune, Sun, Jupiter, Uranus, Saturn, Venus

Planets in Order from Largest to Smallest

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

Terrestrial Planets Gas Planets

1. 2. 3. 4.

1. 2. 3. 4.

Sun

Mercury

Venus

Earth

Mars

Jupiter

Saturn

Uranus

Neptune

JupiterSaturnUranusNeptune

EarthVenusMars

Mercury

Mercury

Venus

Earth

Mars

Jupiter

Saturn

Uranus

Neptune

Plutodwarf

The Earth completes one ____________________ around the sun ever 365 ¼ days.

The moon __________________ around Earth about once every month.

The Earth experiences seasons because of the __________________________________.

The sun is a yellow _______________ and is approximately _______ ___________ years old.

Earth Centered Model:

Who?

1.

2.

Picture:

Sun Centered Model:

Who?

1.

2.

Picture:

revolution

revolves

axil tilt

star 4.6 billion

AristotlePtolemy

GalileoCopernicus

4.8 Moon Phases

Label the moon phases below

New Moon

Waxing Crescent

First Quarter

Waxing Gibbous

Full Moon

Waning Gibbous

Third Quarter

Waning Crescent

4.9 Natural Resources _____ River

_____ Lake

_____ Watershed

_____ Bay

Important mineral resources found in Virginia:

1. _____________________

2. _____________________

3. _____________________

4. _____________________

Natural Resource Human Resource

Definition: Definition:

Example:

Example:

A. An area over which surface water flows to a single collection

place

B. A body of usually fresh water surrounded by land

C. A large natural stream of water

D. Body of water partially surrounded by land; usually leads into an

ocean

cbad

Limestone

Sand/Gravel

GraniteCoal

things that come from nature

humans who provide goods and services

5.1 & 4.1 Scientific Method

_____ Observation

_____ Prediction

_____ Conclusion

_____ Inference

_____ Constant

_____ Independent variable

_____ Dependent variable

_____ Trial

_____ Hypothesis

_____ Procedures

_____ Qualitative data

_____ Quantitative data

List the steps of the Scientific Method in order.

A. the factor in an experiment that changes as a result of the manipulation of the independent variable. It is the data you collect. B. A forecast of what could happen C. a tentative explanation based on background knowledge and available data D. A repeat of an experiment to make sure the data is correct E. A testable statement about what you think will happen in an experiment. It is a prediction about the relationship between variables. (Written in “if…then…” form) F. A description and data that can be observed, but not measured. (The cat is red) G. A summary statement based on the results of an investigation H. Things kept the exact same in an experiment to make sure the experiment is fair I. Data that can be counted or measured and the results can be recorded using numbers. Quantitative data can be represented visually in graphs and charts. (34 grams) J. A statement or comment about what you see, feel, taste, hear, or smell. K. the factor in an experiment that is altered by the experimenter. This is purposely changed or manipulated; “the cause”

L. The step-by-step instructions for how to conduct the experiment

i

f

l

e

d

a

k

h

b

g

c

j

QuestionHypothesisExperiment

DataConclusion

5.1 Metric Measurement

Match the term on the left with the unit on the right. You will use each twice.

_____ Measures Length

_____ Graduated Cylinder

_____ Measures Mass a. Grams

_____ Balance b. Meters

_____ Meter Stick c. Liters

_____ Measures Temperature d. Celsius

_____ Thermometer

_____ Measures Volume

Label each of the tools below.

bcaabddc

Graduated

Cylinder

Balance

Meter

StickThermometer

Write M (mass), V (volume), L (length), T (temperature) beside each unit.

_____ meters

_____ grams

_____ kilograms

_____ centimeters

_____ liters

_____ degrees Celsius

_____ milliliters

_____ kilometers

_____ millimeters

_____ milligrams

Use the units above to estimate what you would use to measure each of the following.

a. Volume of a bathtub ___________________

b. Length of a bicycle ___________________

c. Mass of an elephant ___________________

d. Temperature of the classroom ___________________

e. Length of a toothbrush ___________________

f. Mass of a toothpick ___________________

g. Volume of a cup of coffee ___________________

h. Mass of a spoon ___________________

i. Volume of medicine in a medicine dropper ___________________

j. Length of a marathon ___________________

LM

M

M

L

LV

V

L

T

kilolitermeterkilogram

celsius

centimetersmilligram

liter

grammilliliter

kilometer

5.2 Sound

_____ Vibration

_____ Sound

_____ Matter

_____ Vacuum

_____ Frequency

_____ Pitch

_____ Echo

_____ Echolocation

_____ Sonar

_____ Volume

_____ Amplitude

_____ Compression

_____ Wavelength

_____ Rarefaction

_____ String

_____ Percussion

_____ Wind

_____ Electric

A. A form of kinetic energy created by vibrations.

B. Anything that has mass and takes up space.

C. Creates sound

D. A space that does not have any matter, so sound cannot travel

through it.

A. The highness or lowness of the sound.

B. When animals locate objects by using reflected sound (echoes)

C. The loudness (or softness) of a sound.

D. When humans use machines that give off sound waves to

detect objects.

E. A reflected sound wave.

F. The number times the matter vibrations in a second

A. Where the wavelengths are “smushed” very close together in a

sound wave as the wave travels through matter.

B. The distance between two of the same points on waves

C. Where the wavelengths are spread apart in a sound wave as

the wave travels through matter.

D. The amount of sound energy in a compression wave . Also,

known as the height of the wave.

A. The group of instruments that create sound when their strings

are vibrated

B. The group of instruments that create sound using electricity

C. The group of instruments that create sound with moving air

D. The group of instruments that create sound when their

surface is hit or struck

cabd

f

aebdc

dabc

adcb

Draw and label a compression wave.

Draw a compression wave and label parts of compression and rarefaction.

Sound travels fastest through a… (circle)

Solid Liquid Gas

The higher the frequency, the _____________ the pitch.

Dogs hear things that humans do not because…

Crest

Wavelength

Trough

Compression

Rarefaction

higher

they can hear higher frequencies

5.3 Light

_____ Light Ray

_____ Electromagnetic Spectrum

_____ Visible Spectrum

_____ White Light

_____ Prism

_____ Crest

_____ Trough

_____ Wavelength

_____ Amplitude

_____ Frequency

_____ Reflect

_____ Refract

_____ Transmit

_____ Absorb

_____ Opaque

_____ Translucent

_____ Transparent

A. The band of color that makes up white light

B. A tool that is made of clear glass/plastic which

breaks up white light into the visible light spectrum

C. The entire range of electromagnetic radiation

D. ROYGBIV

E. Light waves traveling in straight paths and doesn’t

need a medium to move through

A. Bottom point of a wave

B. Top point of a wave

C. Number of waves passing a given point

D. The size of the wave, measured by the distance

between two of the crests.

E. The height of the wave that indicates the intensity

of the light.

A. Sunlight goes straight through a clear window

B. When light is soaked up by an object and changes

into heat energy

C. A spoon appears to bend when it is immersed in a

cup of water

D. When light bounces off an object at the same

angle.

A. When light cannot pass through a material

at all

B. Clear glass, clear plastic food wrap, clean

water, and air

C. Wax paper, frosted glass, thin fabric, thin

paper.

ecadb

bad

ec

d

cab

acb

Name the colors in the visible spectrum in order from shortest to longest wavelength.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

Explain how a rainbow is formed

Use the image below to draw how sunlight acts when it comes into contact with raindrops.

RedOrangeYellowGreenBlue

IndigoViolet

Sunlight enters a raindrop and is refracted, then reflected, then refracted.

When the light refracts back out of the rainbow the colors are slowed

down and broken up to display ROY G BIV

Reflect

RefractRefract

White Light

ROYGBIV

5.4 Matter _____ Matter

_____ Volume

_____ Atoms

_____ Molecules

_____ Elements

_____ Compounds

_____ Melt

_____ Evaporate

_____ Condense

_____ Freeze

_____ Physical Change

_____ Chemical Change

_____ Mixture

_____ Solution

Draw a picture of molecules in a solid, liquid, and gas. On the line below, explain how fast or slow they move.

A. The smallest piece of matter that is so small we cannot see

them with our eyes.

B. Anything that has mass and takes up space

C. The amount of spaces an object or substance takes up

D. Matter that is formed when two or more molecules (or

elements) join together.

E. Matter created when multiple atoms are joined together.

F. Molecules that is made up of only ONE kind of atom.

A. When a liquid is cooled and changes to a solid

B. When a gas is cooled (heat is removed) and it changes to a

liquid

C. When a liquid is heated and changes to a gas

D. When a solid is heated and it becomes a liquid

A. When two or more different substances are blended physically

B. When a new substance is formed as a result

C. When one substance dissolves into another; a type of mixture

D. When matter is changed by shape or size, but still the same

type of substance or material

Solid Liquid Gas

bcadfe

dcba

dbac

slow medium fast

5.4 Atoms Draw and label an atom with 4 protons, neutrons, and electrons. Compound or element? Helium (He) _______________

Salt (NaCl) _______________

Carbon (C) _______________

Oxygen (O) _______________

Carbon Dioxide (CO2) _______________

Potassium (K) _______________

Iron (Fe) _______________

Water (H20) _______________

Mixture or Solution?

Sugar & Water _______________

Cereal _______________

Lemonade _______________

Salt & Water _______________

Soda _______________

Salad _______________

Sugar & Salt _______________

Sand & Water _______________

N N

NN

Element

Compound

Compound

Compound

Element

Element

Element

Element

Mixture

Mixture

Mixture

Mixture

Solution

Solution

Solution

Solution

5.5 Cells & Domains

_____ Organism

_____ Cell

A. A tiny building block that makes up living things.

B. Any living thing.

_____ Nucleus

_____Cell Membrane

_____ Vacuole

_____ Cytoplasm

_____ Chloroplast

_____ Cell wall

_____ Kingdom

_____ Plant

_____ Xylem

_____ Vascular

_____ Nonvascular

_____ Animal

_____ Vertebrate

_____ Invertebrate

A. Plants that have xylem inside that can grow tall and

have a stem, roots and leaves

B. A kingdom of living things that get energy by making

their food through photosynthesis

C. Plants that do not have xylem inside and must absorb

water through their leaves.

D. A group of living things based on their

characteristics.

E. A tiny tube inside a plant that carries water

throughout the whole plant

F. Animals that do not have a backbone

G. A kingdom of living things that eat other organisms

to get their food

H. Animals that have a backbone

A. Found ONLY in plant cells, this organelle makes food for the cell.

B. The structure in a cell that stores food, water, and waste

C. A tough outer layer that protects the plant cell and helps it

keep its rectangular shape

D. The very thin lining of a cell that controls what comes in and out

E. The round structure inside a cell that is the control center

F. The jelly-like filling in a cell that holds all the other parts in place

b

a

b

e

d

f

a

c

d

b

e

a

c

g

f

h

Vertebrate or Invertebrate?

_____ Coral

_____ Rabbit

_____ Ant

_____ Lizard

_____ Snake

_____ Pelican

_____ Turtle

_____ Octopus

Vascular or Nonvascular?

_____ Rose

_____ Oak Tree

_____ Moss

_____ Weeds

_____ Liverwort

_____ Grass

_____ Celery

_____ Hornwort

I

V

I

I

V

V

V

V

N

N

N

V

V

V

V

V

5.6 Oceanography _____Continental shelf

_____Continental slope

_____Continental rise

_____Abyssal Plain

_____Trench

_____Mid-ocean ridges

_____Currents

_____ Tides

_____ Waves

_____ Salinity

_____ Depth

_____ Pressure

_____ Marine organism

_____ Phytoplankton

_____ Zooplankton

A. The part of the ocean floor that begins at the shoreline and

gently slopes underwater

B. The flat and deep part of the ocean floor that is out in the

“open ocean” areas.

C. The deepest part of the ocean floor that is like a canyon. D. A chain of mountains found on the ocean floor that are

formed by the ocean floor spreading apart

E. A steep drop off area of the ocean floor F. The gently sloping area of the ocean floor that connects the

steep drop off to the flat part of the ocean floor

A. The weight of the water pushing on an object.

B. A movement of water that causes the water level at the

shores to rise and lower. C. The amount of dissolved salts in water

D. Any living thing that is found in the water E. Tiny free-floating animal-like marine organisms

F. Tiny free-floating plant-like marine organisms that are the base

of most ocean food chains. G. How deep the water is

H. A movement of the water that occurs only at the surface or

top of the water

I. River-like movements of the water within the ocean. Currents

move in circular patterns around the world.

aefbcd

ibhcgadfe

continental shelf

continental slope

continental rise

trench

5.7 Earth Science Draw and label the rock cycle.

Word Bank: Sedimentary, Metamorphic, Igneous, Melting, Pressure, Erosion, Heat, Weathering

Draw and label the layers of the Earth.

Word Bank: Inner Core, Mantle, Outer Core, Crust

Draw each of the plate boundaries in the boxes below.

Divergent Convergent Transform

Causes: Causes: Causes:

Sedimentary

IgneousMetamorphic

Melting

MeltingHeat & Pressure

Heat & Pressure

Weathering & Erosion

Weathering & Erosion

Crust

Mantle

Inner Core

Outer Core

EarthquakesTrenchesMountains

Mid Ocean RidgesVolcanoes