Science as a Way of Knowing Mr. H. Clark Bethpage H.S.
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Transcript of Science as a Way of Knowing Mr. H. Clark Bethpage H.S.
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Science as a Way of Knowing
Mr. H. ClarkBethpage H.S.
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Key Concepts What is Science? Measurements and Uncertainty Observations, Facts, Inferences,
and Hypotheses Misconceptions about Science Environmental Questions and the
Scientific Method Science’s role in Society
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What is Science?
Science is a process. The “Scientific Method” Disprovability Assumptions of Science The nature of Scientific Proof
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Idea
Not Open to Disproof
Open to Disproof
Not in the realm of Science
Science
InsightSerendipity
Inductive reasoning
Traditional BaconianScientificMethod
CreativeIdea
Form a Hypothesis
Design a testfor the hypothesis
Develop data sampling scheme
and gather the data
Test the hypothesis
Hypothesis consistentwith data
DisproofReject
hypothesis
New data
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Measurements and Uncertainty
Faith in numbers Measurements are limited How do scientists reduce
measurement uncertainties Accuracy Precision
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Observations, Facts, Inferences, and Hypotheses
Observations Facts Inferences
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Observations, Facts, Inferences, and Hypotheses
Hypotheses Independent variable or
manipulated variable Dependent variable or responding
variable Null Hypothesis
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Observations, Facts, Inferences, and Hypotheses
Operational definitions Data Explanations Models Theories Scientific Law
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Misconceptions about Science
Theory Science versus technology Objectivity in science Pseudoscience Frontier science
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Environmental Questions and the Scientific Method
Experimental controls in environmental science
Alternates to direct experimentation
Utilizing a catastrophe as an experiment
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Science’s role in Society
Decision making is a political process
Scientific literacy Science in the media