SBA Reader Kmer

karRKb;RKgsmaKmGaCIvkmFuntUc

GgÁkarBlkmGnþrCatikm<úCa 2007

esovePAsMrab;GñkGan

karRKb;RKgsmaKmGaCIvkmFuntUcesovePAsMrab;GñkGan

km<úCa2007

matikar

GarmÖkfa >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 7

esckþIEføgGMNrKuN >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 8

1> esckþIepþIm >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>10

1>1> ehtuGVI)anCasmaKmGaCIvkmmansar³sMxan; >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 10

1>2> eKalbMNgrbs;esovePAGñkGan >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 11

1>3> karcab;GarmN_rbs;Pñak;garrdæaPi)al nigPñak;garGPivDÆepSg²eTotelIsmaKmGaCIvkm >>>>>>>>> 12

m:UDul 2 ³ critlkçN³smaKmGaCIvkmFuntUc >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>13

2>1> mUlehtuénkarbegáItsmaKmGaCIvkm >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 13

2>2> RbePTsmaKmGaCIvkm >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 15

2>3> smaKmshRKinRsþI >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 15

2>4> karEsVgyl;GMBITunsgÁm >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 16

m:UDul 3 ³ karGPivDÆsmaKmGaCIvkmFuntUc >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 18

3>1> vdþénsmaKmGaCIvkm >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 18

3>2> yuT§saRsþsmaCikPaB >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 19

3>3> yuT§saRsþsþIBIshB½n§shCIB nigbNþaj >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 21

3>4> karekItmannUvkarlM)ak >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 23

m:UDul 4 ³ ebskkm nigeKaledArbs;smaKm >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 24

4>1> TsSn³vis½yrbs;smaKmGaCIvkm >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 24

4>2> ebskkmrbs;smaKm >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 25

4>3> karkMNt;eKalbMNg >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 25

m:UDul 5 ³ lkçnþik³smaKm >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 27

5>1> lkçnþik³ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 27

5>2> siT§ nigkatBVkic©rbs;smaCik >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 28

m:UDul 6 ³ karelIkTwkcitþ[RsþIcUlrYm >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 30

6>1> karEsVgyl;smaCik >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 30

6>2> karsRmbsRmYlkarcUlrYmrbs;smaCik >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 30

6>3> RsþIkñúgsmaKmGaCIvkm >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 32

3

matikar

karRKb;RKgsmaKmGaCIvkmFuntUc³ esovePAsMrab;GñkGan

m:UDul 7 ³ PaBCaGñkdwknaM >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 35

7>1> sar³sMxan;énPaBCaGñkdwknaMl¥ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 35

7>2> EbbbTepSg² enAkúñgkardwknaM >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 36

7>3> bBaðaCak;lak;Tak;TgnwgkardwknaM >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 37

emeronTI 8 ³ karR)aRs½yTak;Tg >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 38

8>1> karTMnak;TMngEdlmanRbsiT§PaB >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 38

8>2> ]bs½KÁénkarR)aRs½yTak;Tg >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 40

8>3> viFIeFVI[karR)aRs½yTak;Tgkan;EtRbesIr >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>42

8>4> karerobcMkic©RbCMu >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 42

m:UDul 9 ³ karseRmccitþelIesvakmnanarbs;smaKmGaCIvkm >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 45

9>1> esvakmTUeTAEdlsmaKmGaCIvkmpþl;CUnsmaCikxøÜn >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 45

9>2> karsMerccitþelIesvakmnanarbs;smaKmGaCIvkm >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 46

9>3> kRmiténkarGnuvtþ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 47

9>4> kareFVIkic©snüa[GñkxageRkA >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 48

9>5> dMbUnanGaCIvkm nigkarRbwkSaeyabl; >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 48

9>6> karelIkkMBs;EpñkBaNiC¢km nigGPivDÆTIpSar >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 50

9>7> karhVwkhVWn >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 51

9>8> esvasgÁm >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 54

m:UDul 10 ³ karpþl;esvaBaNiC¢km >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 55

10>1> karelIkkMBs;PaBRbkYtRbECg >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 55

10>2> skmPaBBaNiC¢kmrYmKña >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 55

10>3> TMnak;TMngGaCIvkm >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 57

10>4> karRKb;RKgrYmKñaelIGclnRTBü nigeRKOg]bkrN_ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 59

m:UDul 11 ³ karpþl;esvats‘Umti >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 60

11>1> karbBa©úHbBa©Úl nigkarts‘Umti >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 60

11>2> karsnÞna nigBieRKaHeyabl; >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 62

11>3> karbBa©úHbBa©Úl[manc,ab;KaMRTeynD½r (Gender-friendly Legislation) >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>63

m:UDul 12 ³ karTTYlxusRtUv nigParkic©nanaenAkñúgsmaKm >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>65

12>1> tYnaTI nigkarTTYlxusRtUvrbs;EpñknanaenAkñúgsmaKm >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 65

12>2> karsMerccitþ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>68

12>3> taragBiBN’nakargar >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>69

4

matikar

m:UDul 13 ³ karRKb;RKghirBaØvtßúrbs;smaKm >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 73

13>1> sar³sMxan;énkarRKb;RKghirBaØvtßúl¥ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 73

13>2> Epnkarfvika >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 74

13>3> karBüakrN_BIlMhUrsac;R)ak; >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 75

13>4> esovePAebLa nigesovePAcMNUlcMNay >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>76

13>5> r)aykarN_hirBaØvtßú >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 77

13>6> kargarrdæ)alsMrab;smaCikPaB >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 79

13>7> nItiviFIsvnkm>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 80

m:UDul 14 ³ RbPBcMNUl >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>82

14>1> RbPBfvikaxagkñúug nigxageRkA >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 82

14>2> viFIbgðajsmaKmGaCIvkmrbs;Gñk >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 83

14>3> karerobcMKMeragsMeNI >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 83

m:UDul 15 ³ karcuHbBa¢IsmaKmGaCIvkmrbs;GñkenAkm<úCa >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>85

15>1> karENnaMrbs;rdæaPi)al >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 85

15>2> plRbeyaCn_énkarcuHbBa¢ICapøÚvkar >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 86

m:UDul 16 ³ karrIklUtlas; nigvisalPaB >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>87

16>1> viPaKcMNucxøaMg cMNucexSay »kas nigkarKMramkMEhg >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>87

16>2> karviPaKGñkBak;B½n§ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 89

16>3> EpnkaryuT§saRsþ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 90

]bsm½<n§ k ³ lkçnþik³smaKm]sSahkmtUc nigmFümPñMeBj >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 93

]bsm<½n§ x ³ bTbBa¢a nignItiviFInana edIm,IbegáItsmaKmGaCIvkmkñúgRbeTskm<úCa >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 99

5

7

GarmÖkfa

raCrdæaPi)alkm<úCa)anTTYlsÁal;fakarGPivDÆshRKasKWCakUnesaryuT§saRsþ sMrab;kat;bnßy

PaBRkIRk nigeFVI[esdækic©lUtlas; . shRKasRbePTenHbegáItkargarCaeRcInsMrab;RsþInigburs

CYyKaMRTkarGPivDÆesdækic©Cati nigeqøIytbeTAtamtMrUvkarrbs;GtifiCn)aneRcIny:ageTotpg .

smaKmGaCIvkmtUc² manskþanuBlcUlrYmcMENkkñúgkarGPivDÆEpñkshRKasFuntUc . smaKm

GaCIvkmd¾tUcmYy KWCasm<n½§PaBs½RKcitþrvagshRKinnana. smaKmGaCIvkmedIrtYkñúgnamsmaCik

GaCIvkm karBarplRbeyaCn_rbs;BYkeK nigpþl;esvakmepSg²sMrab;GPivDÆGaCIvkmBYkeK.

smaKmGaCIvkmCYysmaCikxøÜn edIm,IbegáInkarRbkYtRbECg nigcab;yk»kasTIpSarnana .

smaKmGaCIvkm KWCameFüa)aycaM)ac;sRmab;karGPivDÆesdækic©TIpSar .

sBVéf¶smaKmGaCIvkmrebobenH mancMnYntictYcb:ueNÑaHenAkñúgRBHraCaNacRkkm<úCa ehIy

smaKmGaCIvkmTaMgenHminGaceFVICMnYjtamEbbTMenIb)aneLIy . manEtsmaKm 3 b¤ 4 kñúgcMeNam

smaKmTaMgenaH Edl)anGnuvtþnUvtYnaTICamUldæanTaMg 2 rbs;eK ³ CasMelgtMNag[smaCik nigpþl;

esvaKaMRTGaCIvkm. CaTUeTA sMelgtMNagrbs;BYkeKmansPaBTn;exSay ehIyBuM)ancUlrYmkñúgkar

begáIteKalneya)ayrbs;rdæaPi)aleT . esvakmKaMRTrbs;BYkeKcMeBaHsmaCikshRKin enAEtminGac

eqøIytbeTAtamtMrUvkarnanarbs;smaCikeLIy . smaKmGaCIvkmesÞIrEtTaMgGs; kMBugRbQmmuxnwg

karxVHxatEpñkFnFanmnusS nighirBaØvtßú edIm,ITTYl)annUv\T§iBld¾FMeFg .

esovePA :karRKb;RKgsmaKmGaCIvkmFuntUc : pþl;karENnaMGMBIviFIksagsmaKm[

rwgmaMeLIg nigmanRbsiT§PaB EdlGaceqøIytbeTAtamtMrUvkarrbs;shRKinCaRsþInigburs .

esovePAenHnwgbgðajRbFanbTmYycMnYn EdlmansarHsMxan;cMeBaHsmaKmGaCIvkm EdlekItman

enAkñúgRbeTskm<úCarYcmkehIy RBmTaMgCYydl;shRKasTaMgLayNa Edlcg;cab;epþImsmaKm

fImYy .

GarmÖkfa

8

esovePAGñkGanenHRtUv)ancgRkgeLIg edayEp¥keTAelIÉksarepSg² Edl)anerobcMedaykmviFI

In-Focus Program (IFP/SEED) rbs;GgÁkarBlkmGnþrCati. rvagqñaM 1995 nig 2005

GgÁkarBlkmGnþrCati )aneFVIkarsikSaGMBIkargar nigrcnasm<n§½énsmaKmGaCIvkmenARbeTsepSg²

nigkMNt;nUvKnøw³EdleFVI[)aneCaKC½y enAeBlEdlshRKineFVIkarshkarCamYyKña .

esovePAGñkGanRtUv)anerobcM nigsRmbsRmYledayelak KIs va:n;edIrI (Kees van der Ree) énKMerag

IFP/SEED . KMnitsMxan;² EdlTak;TgCaBiesseTAnwgsmPaBeynD½renAkñúgkarsmaKm TTYl)an

BIelak Mr. Gerry Finnegan énKMerag IFP/SEED .

esovePAGñkGanenH )anEklMGeTACaGtßbTExr edayTIRbwkSamYyRkum dwknaMedayGñkRsI ehg

silTi (Ms. Heng Seltik) GñksMrbsMrYlKMeragelIkkMBs;karGPivDÆn_muxrbrrbs;RsþI nigsmPaBeynD½r

(WEDGE) elaksux sumitþ GñksMrbsMrYlKMeragKaMRTshRKasFuntUckñúgRbeTsEdndIsNþremKgÁ

(ISED) elakBuF Kat nigGñkRsILay NavIn mkBIRksYg]sSahkm Er: nigfamBl GñkRsI Cut

lagvNÑI mkBIRksYgkic©karnarI elak Esm supa mkBIshB½n§nieyaCknigsmaKmBaNiC¢kmkm<úCa

nigTTYl)anCMnYyEpñkbec©keTsBIGñkRsI lInda DIELn (Ms. Linda Deelen) kariyal½yGnu

tMbn;GasIuxagekIt énGgÁkar ILO .

TIRbwkSaepSg²eTot Edl)anbegáItkrNIsikSaenAkñúgesovePAGñkGan rYmman ³


esckþIEføgGMNrKuN

nam nigeKatþnam GgÁkar

Qn exma mCÄmNÐlGPivDÆn_mnusS-EdndI

can; NariT§ GgÁkareGsGwumGIuexmbUDa

Ca suP½Rkþ shB½n§nieyaCk

nut sIutan; smaKmsib,krkm<úCa

eha sIuNat smaKm]sSahkmFuntUc nigmFüm PñMeBj

m:n bUrINa GgÁkarTsSn³BiPBelakkm<úCa

esckþIEføgGMNrKuN

9

rs; bUram smaKmkm<úCaGPivDÆesdækic©eRkARbB½n§

eGom can;mUnI KN³kmkarsMrbsMrYlGPivDÆn_TIRkug

eFOn bUnit smaKm]sSahkmFuntUc nigmFüm PñMeBj

Tun lkçiNa KMeragsnSMsMécGusenAkm<úCa

10


esckþIepþIm

1>1> ehtuGVI)anCasmaKmGaCIvkmmansar³sMxan;enAkñúgRbeTsCaeRcIn karkat;bnßycMnYnkargarpøÚvkar nigkarKMramkMEhgBIPaBRkIRk )anbgçM[

RbCaBlrdæCaeRcIn cab;epþImmuxrbrGaCIvkmtUctacpÞal;xøÜnrbs;eK . PaKeRcInbMputénrbrGaCIvkm

RbePTenH )anFøak;cUleTAkñúgGVIEdleKehAfa : esdækic©eRkApøÚvkar (Informal Economy) : ehIy

enAkñúgEbbbTxagelIenH BYkeKminGacTTYl)annUvesvakmTaMgLay dUcEdlshRKaspøÚvkarTTYl

)aneT dUcCa ³ B½t’man TIpSar esvahirBaØvtßú karkarBartampøÚvc,ab; .l. viFIsMxan;edIm,ICYyeK[)an

eCaKC½ycMeBaHkarcaj;eRbobenH KWCYyBYkeK[rYbrYmKña begáItGgÁkaredIm,ICYyxøÜnÉg sRmab;BYkeK

pÞal;Etmþg .

shRKasxñattUc KWCaFmtamansPaBTn;exSaykñúgkarRbkYtRbECgCamYynwgédKURbkYtRbECg

FM² . xøÜneKpÞal;k¾Tn;exSaysmtßPaBEdr edIm,IkarBarplRbeyaCn_rbs;xøÜn enAeRkam\T§iBlneya)ay

kñúgkarRbQmmuxTl;nwgPaKImçageTotEdlmanGMNac edaysarEtBYkeKmansMelgtic. shRKas

tUc²pÞal;xøÜneKnImYy² CaFmtaRtUv)ankat;ecjBIplRbeyaCn_ Edl)anmkBIkarrYmRbPBFnFan

cUlKña . plRbeyaCn_EbbenH rab;bBa©ÚlTaMgkarKaMRTTIpSar RbePTepSg²énkarFanar:ab;rg nig

kic©FanasRmab;km©I . karbegáIt[mansmaKm KWGacCYyshRKasFunmIRkU FuntUc nigFunmFüm

begáInkmøaMgesdækic© nigsßanPaBsgÁménshRKinmñak;² k¾dUcCaedIm,ITTYl)annUvGtßRbeyaCn_

eBjeljénGMNacbNþajkargar nig shRbtibtþikar .

smaKmGaCIvkm KWCaGgÁkarGaCIvkms½RKcitþ EdlRbtibtþikaredIm,IEsVgrkplRbeyaCn_rYm CYy

nigKaMRTKñaeTAvijeTAmk edIm,IGPiivDÆGaCIvkm nigeFVI[RbesIreLIgnUvbriyakasGaCIvkm .

niyayedayxøI smaKmGaCIvkm rYmman ³

- GgÁkarTaMgLay EdlKaMRTsmaCikenAkñúgskmPaBplitkm nigskmPaBGaCIvkmepSg²

eTot

- GgÁkarTaMgLayNaEdlkarBarplRbeyaCn_rbs;smaCik nigeFVICatMNag[BYkeK .

- GgÁPaBTaMgLayNa EdlsMrbsMrYl nigRtYtBinitüskmPaBGaCIvkmrbs;smaCik.

esckþIepþIm

edayeyagtamesckþIENnaMrbs;Ék]tþmrdæmRnþIRksYgBaNiC¢km naykdæanBaNiC¢kmkñúg

RbeTs)ane)aHBum<pSayesovePA : ENnaMsþIBInItiviFIénkartMkl;Tuklkçnþik³smaKmGaCIvkm : . TegVI

enHCYysMrYlsmaKmGaCIvkm kñúgkarcuHeQaHtampøÚvkarCamYyRksYgBaNiC¢km . esovePAENnaM

enH)an[niymn½ysmaKmGaCIvkmdUcteTA ³

- smaKmGaCIvkmmann½yfa nItibuKÁl rUbv½nþbuKÁl EdlmanGaCIB b¤viC¢aCIv³dUcKña ehIyRbmUlpþúM

KñabegáItCasmaKm edIm,IEsVgrkplRbeyaCn_[smaCiksmaKm

- smaKmGaCIvkm KWCaGgÁkarÉkraCü mincMNuHKNbkSneya)ay nigeFVIskmPaBCapl

RbeyaCn_dl;smaCikrbs;smaKmenH elImuxsBaØaviC¢aCIv³ .

1>2> eKalbMNgrbs;esovePAedaysarsmaKmGaCIvkmCaeRcIn CatMNag[shRKastUc² BYkeKEtgEtxVHxatCMnaj nig

FnFan edIm,IRKb;RKgsmaKm[)anRtwmRtUvedayxøÜnÉg . smaKmGaCIvkmPaKeRcIn)anrIkduHdaleLIg

edIm,IeqøIytbeTAnwgesckþIRtUvkarbnÞan; ehIy)aneRbIR)as;dMeNaHRsayd¾l¥ kñúgxN³eBlmYyd¾xøI.

eTaHbICay:agenHk¾eday ebIsinCaeKRtUveFVIdMeNIrEvgq¶ayCagenHeTAeTotenaH ehIykøayCaGgÁPaB

manRbsiT§PaBmYy eKKYrEtRkeLkemIledayRbugRby½tñeTAelIral;TidæPaBTaMgGs; rbs;GgÁPaBBYkeK

nigRKb;bBaðanana EdleKRbEhlCanwgRbQmmux . GñkdwknaMrbs;BYkeKcaM)ac;RtUvbegáInCMnaj

RKb;RKg nigeronsURtbTBiesaFn_ BIGgÁPaBepSg²eTot .

esovePAGñkGanenH )anRtUveroberogeLIg edIm,ICYyfñak;dwknaMsmaKmGaCIvkmTaMgLay

EdlmanRsab; nigfI edIm,I ³

- yl;ehtupl nigtRmUvkar EdlfitenABIeRkaykarbegáIteLIgnUvsmaKm tamry³karkMNt;

esckþIRtUvkar nigbBaðaTaMgLayrbs;smaCik

- begáItskmPaB nigesvakmsmrmünana sRmab;smaCikrbs;BYkeK

- crcarCamYYyrdæaPi)al nigGgÁPaBepSg²eTot ehIycUlrYmkñúgkarbegáIt nigkarGnuvtþn_eKal

neya)aynana Edlb:HBal;dl;plRbeyaCn_smaCikBYkeK

- RKb;RKgFnFanmnusS nigFnFanhirBaØvtßúrbs;eK[)anRbesIreLIg

- eFVIEpnkaryuT§saRsþ edIm,IBRgIksmaKmrbs;;eK

11


1>3> karcab;GarmN_rbs;Pñak;garrdæaPi)al nigPñak;garepSg²eTot elIsmaKmGaCIvkmraCrdæaPi)alénRBHraCaNacRkkm<úCa mankarcab;GarmN_y:agxøaMg cMeBaHkarCMruj[mansmaKm

GaCIvkm eRBaHeKKiteXIjfa smaKmKWCaviFankard¾sMxan;kñúgkarGPivDÆshRKasFunmIRkU FuntUc

nigFunmFüm. raCrdæaPi)al)anKaMRTnUvkarGPivDÆshRKasTaMgenH nigkMBugEterobcMnUvesckþIRBag

GnuRkitümYy edIm,IelIkTwkcitþdl;GaCIvkrnana kñúgkarbegáItsmaKmGaCIvkm .

GgÁPaBGPivDÆTaMgLay kMBugEtTTYlsÁal;nUvtMélénkarCYysmaKmGaCIvkm [QaneTAdl;

RbsiT§PaBx<s;bMputrbs;BYkeKkan;EteRcIneLIg ³

- kareFVIkargarCamYysmaKmGaCIvkm naM[karcMNaymanRbsiT§PaBCag ehIyQaneTArk

nirnþPaB CaCagGaCIvkmeRcIn EtCalkçN³buKÁl .

- smaKmGaCIvkm CYy[GaCIvkrmñak;²)aneronsURtBIKñaeTAvijeTAmk .

- karCYysmaKmGaCIvkmmYy GaceFVI[karEbgEckRbPBFnFanTaMgLaymanlkçN³esI²Kña

kñúgcMeNamGaCIvkmCaeRcIn CaCagkarTTYl)ancMeNjplRbeyaCn_d¾eRcInelIslubsMrab;Et

GaCIvkmmYy b¤ BIrEtb:ueNÑaH .

esovePAGñkGanenH GaceRbIR)as;enAkñúgvKÁhVwkhVWn b¤sikçasala . edayELk esovePAsMrab;RKU

bNþúHbNþal : karRKb;RKgsmaKmGaCIvkmFuntUc : RtUv)ancgRkgeLIgsRmab;eKalbMNgenHEdr .

12

13

m:UDulTI 2 ³ critlkçN³smaKmGaCIvkm

2>1> mUlehtuénkarbegáItsmaKmGaCIvkmeKalbMNgsMxan;²énkarbegáItsmaKmGaCIvkm GacEbgEckCa 3 Rkum ³

k> edIm,IKaMRTsmaCik kñúgkarGPivDÆskmPaBplitkm nigGaCIvkm ³

- edIm,Ipþl;nUvesvaGPivDÆGaCIvkmdl;shRKasxñattUc dUcCakarbNúþHbNþal dMbUnan TIRbwkSa

B½t’man nig bNþajnana

- edIm,IGPivDÆTIpSar nigBaNiC¢km ]TahrN_karerobcMyuT§nakareXasnaTIpSarrYmKña karpþl;

B½t’manTIpSareTA[smaCik b¤kardak;sMeNIrYmKñaeTArdæaPi)al

- edIm,IEckrMElkFnFannana dUcCatamry³karGPivDÆn_smÖar³plitkmrYmKña b¤EckrMElk

]bkrN_ nigsMPar³epSg².

x> edIm,ICatMNag[ nigkarBarplRbeyaCn_rbs;smaCik ³

- edIm,IedaHRsaybBaðarYm EdlminGacedaHRsay)anRbkbedaykareBjcitþBIsMNak;shRKin

nana RbsinebIkaredaHRsaybBaðaenaH RtUv)aneFVIeLIgedaybuKÁlmñak; ² .

- edIm,IkarBarsiT§ b¤plRbeyaCn_rbs;shRKinFuntUc .

- edIm,IeFVICatMNag[smaCik enAkñúgkarerobcM nigGnuvtþeKalneya)ay .

K> edIm,IsMrbsMrYlskmPaBGaCIvkmnanarbs;smaCik ³

- begáItsþg;darKuNPaB sMrab;BRgIkTIpSarplitplrbs;smaCik .

- edIm,IkMNt;tMélplitpl nigesvanana sMrab;eCosvagkarRbkYtRbECgCaeRcIn EdlnaM[b:H

Bal;dl;R)ak;cMeNj

- BinitüsmtßPaBplitrbs;smaCik nigeFVI[tMélplitplenAsßitesßr .

manmeFüa)ayepSg²eTot EdlsmaKmGaCIvkmNamYy Gaccab;epþImdMeNIrkareLIg)an

enAkm<úCa³

- shRKinnanamanbBaða b¤»kasrYmKña nigseRmccab;epþImbegáItsmaKmmYy edIm,IedaHRsay

bBaða b¤kþab;yk»kasrYmKñaTaMgenaH .

- smaKmrIkcMerInhYsBIshRKasÉeTot kñúgkarpøas;bþÚr nigBiPakSarvagRbCaBlrdæ nig Pñak;gar

rdæaPi)al .



- Pñak;garKaMRTkarGPivDÆn_Gacpþl;meFüa)ay edIm,IerobcM BiPakSa nigCYyedaHRsayesah‘uy

sMrab;dMeNIrkar dUcCakariyal½y b¤elxaFikardæan .

- TisedArbs;Pñak;garrdæaPi)alkñúgkarbegáItsmaKmGaCIvkm .

14

krNIsikSa ³ viFIepSg²kñúgkarbegáItsmaKmGaCIvkm

smaKmdwkCBa¢ÚnpøÚveKakkm<úCa (CAMTA - Cambodian Trucking Association) )ankekIteLIg

edaymankareRCamERCgBIRksYgsaFarNkarnigdwkCBa¢Ún edIm,IbegáInnUvkarCYyGb;rM ENnaM

pSBVpSaydl;Rkumh‘undwkCBa¢ÚnpøÚveKakTaMgGs; [yl;kan;Etc,as;GMBIcracr nigc,ab;nanarbs;rdæ

EdlTak;Tgnwgvis½ydwkCBa¢ÚnpøÚveKakkm<úCa edayshkary:agCitsñiT§CamYysßab½nrdæaPi)al .

smaKmenH)anbegáIteLIgnaéf¶TI 17 kBaØa 2004 edayRkumh‘uncMnYn 13 nigmanrfynþFun

F¶n;sMrab;RbtibtþikarcMnYn 600 eRKOg . eKalbMNgsMxan;énkarbegáItsmaKmenH KWedIm,I ³

k> rYbrYmGñkdwkCBa¢ÚnTMnijpøÚveKakTaMgGs; edIm,ICYyKñaeTAvijeTAmk rkSakarBarnUvsiT§esrIPaB

karBarplRbeyaCn_ kñúgmuxrbrGaCIB nigviC¢aCIv³ CaGñkpþl;esvakmdwkCBa¢ÚnpøÚveKakTaMgGs;

x> cUlrYmpþl;mtieyabl; kñúgGgÁRbCuMfñak;Cati nigGnþrCati Tak;Tgnwgvis½yesvadwkCBa¢ÚnpøÚveKak

K> cUlrYmelIksMeNIGPivDÆn_vis½yesvakmdwkCBa¢Únrbs;smaCiksmaKm CUnrdæaPi)al edIm,Irk

meFüa)ayeFVI[)ansMercnUveKalkarN_dwkCBa¢ÚnTMnijTaMg4KW ³ suvtßiPaB pasukPaB qab;

rh½s nigtémøsmrmü .

cab;taMgBIsmaKmenH)ankekIteLIg smtßPaBsmaCiknimYy² )anrIkcMerInKYr[kt;sMKal; .

BYkeK)anshkarKñakñúgkarEbgEckkargareTAtamlT§PaB EdlRkumh‘unnimYy²GacTTYlyk)an

ehIyesvakménsmaKmenH)anRKbdNþb;RbEhl 60-70 PaKryelIépÞRbeTsTaMgmUl nig

RbEhl 80PaKryénkardwkCBa¢ÚnelIpøÚvCatielx 4 .

smaKmGaCIvkmkinRsUvextþbnÞaymanC½y

smaKmGaCIvkmm:asIunkinRsUvextþbnÞaymanC½y RtUv)anbegáIteLIgeRkamkarpþÜcepþImKMnit

nigmankarCYy]btßmÖBIEpñkGPivDÆn_vis½yÉkCnrbs;kmviFIGPivDÆn__shRbCaCati UNDP enAqñaM 1998 .

smaKmenHmansmaCikcMnYn 24 nak; EdlCaGaCIvkrm:asIunkinRsUv manTItaMgenAkñúgextþbnÞay

manC½y . RbFansmaKmRtUv)aneRCIserIstamry³kare)aHeqñatkñúgry³eBl 3qñaMmþg. eKalbMNgén

karbegáItsmaKmenH KW ³

1> edIm,IbRgYbbRgYmGaCIvkrm:asIunkinRsUvTaMgGs; kñúgkarEsVgrkdMeNaHRsayrYm nigCYyKñaeTAvij

eTAmk .

2> EsVgrknUvplRbeyaCn_rYmsMrab;smaCiksmaKm

3> EsVgrkTIpSarkñúgRsuk nigGnþrCatisMrab;GaCIvkrTaMgGs;


2>2> RbePTsmaKmGaCIvkm

manRbePTsmaKmCaeRcIny:ag dUcCa ³

- smaKmTaMgLayNa EdlepþatEteTAelIkic©karBaNiC¢kmNamYyCak;;lak; ]> smaCikTaMg

Gs;KWCaCageQI ¦

- smaKmTaMgLayNaEdlmanTItaMgCak;lak; dUcCakarEdlmanshRKasCaeRcInenAEk,r²Kña

b¤ tMbn;NamYysMrab;RbkYtRbECgCamYysmaKmfñak;Catinana .

- manEtRsþI b¤bursEtb:ueNÑaH b¤TaMgRsþI nigTaMgburs

smaKmtUc²PaKxøHKWCasmaCikrbs;shCIB b¤shB½n§fñak;Cati . shCIBb¤shB½n§TaMgenHman

tYnaTIkñúgkarkñúgkarbBa©úHbBa©Úl nigts‘UmtienAfñak;Cati ehIyBYkeKGacCYysmaKmkñúgkarBRgwgCMhr

nigbegáItyuT§saRsþrYmKña . sPaBaNiC¢kmKWCaGgÁkar EdltMNagplRbeyaCn_GaCIvkmenAtMbn;

PUmisaRsþNamYy .

2>3> smaKmshRKinRsþICajwkjyvamanRbeyaCn_sRmab;RsþI kñúgkarcUlCasmaCiksmaKmGaCIvkm b¤begáItsmaKm

GaCIvkmsMrab;RsþI . enARbeTskm<úCa eKEtgniyayfa : RsþIvilcRgáanminCuM : mann½yfa RsþIminGac

eTANaq¶ayBIpÞH)aneLIy eRBaHBYkeKmantYnaTIemI;lEfkUnecA nigEfTaMpÞHsEm,g . karcUlrYmenAkñúg

smaKmGaCIvkm eFVI[RsþImanlT§PaBCYbRbCuMKña nigbegáItTMnak;TMngGaCIvkm RBmTaMgedaHRsaybBaða

epSg²)aneTogTat; .

enAkñúgsmaKmGaCIvkmmYy EdlmansmaCikcRmuH RsþIEtgEtRtUveKyl; nigcat;TukfaCamnusS

Tn;exSayCagburs . enAkñúgkrNIenH RsþIePTkRmRtUv)aneKGnuBaØat[kan;kab;muxtMENgsMxan;²

Nas; . Cajwkjy karTTYlxusRtUvrbs;BYkeK Rbhak;RbEhlKñaeTAnwgkargarpÞH . RsþIGacxVHxat

TMnukcitþelIxøÜnÉg kñúgkarbeBa©jmtienAcMeBaHmuxshesvikCaburs . elIsBIenHeTAeTot RsþIEtgEt

15

4> EsVgrk\NTansMrab;smaCiksmaKm

5> eFVI[RbesIreLIgnUvbec©keTsplitrbs;m:asIunkinRsUv

smaKmTIPñak;gareTscrN_km<úCa

smaKmTIPñak;gareTscrN_km<úCa (CATA) RtUv)anbegáIteLIgenAqñaM 1996 . kñúgeBlbc©úb,nñ

smaKmenHmansmaCiksrubcMnYn 119 Rkumh‘un EdlkñúgenaHmansmaKmTIPñak;gareTscrN_kUer:

RbcaMextþesomrabcMnYn 17 . eKalbMNgsMxan;rbs;smaKmenHKW elIkkMBs;vis½yeTscrN_

pþl;B½t’manTak;TgnwgkargareTscrN_eTA[smaCik pþl;esvaRbwkSaeyabl;EpñkpøÚvc,ab; nigkarBar

plRbeyaCn_rbs;smaCik .


mankatBVkic©BIr KW karEfrkSakUnecApg nigTTYlbnÞúkskmPaBesdækic© dUcCadMeNIrkarGaCIvkm

tUctacCaedImenH . enHmann½yfa RsþImaneBlevlatictYcsRmab;cUlrYmRbCuM nigskmPaBepSg²

eTotenAkñúgsmaKm .

karbegáItsmaKmdac;edayELk²sMrab;shRKinCaRsþI GacCYyRsþI[manTMnukcitþelIxøÜnÉg

nigGacbegáIteLIgnUvlkçx½NÐkan;EtRbesIrEfmeTotsRmab;BYkeK edIm,ITak;TajplRbeyaCn_eBj

eljBIRbPBFnFan nigsmtßPaBrbs;BYkeK .

2>4> karEsVgyl;GMBITunsgÁm{TunsgÁm : KWCaKMnitfImYy Edl)ansikSamþgehIymþgeTotkñúgqñaMfI²knøgmkenH . TunsgÁmmin

sMedAeTAdl;FnFan EdlCasm<½n§PaBesdækic©enaHeT . vaKWCakarKaMRTKñaeTAvijeTAmk EdlekItmankñúg

cMeNambuKÁlÉkCnkñúgsgÁmmYy .

16

krNIsikSa³ smaKmshRKinRsþI

smaKmGaCIvkmRsþIFuntUc nigmFüm KWCasmaKmRsþITImYy enAkñúgRbeTskm<úCa Edl)an

kekIteLIgnaqñaM 2005 . smaKmenHmantYnaTIsMxan;kñúgkarpþl;RbPBFnFannanadl;RsþIGaCIvkr

dUcCa³

- bNþajkargar nigsamKÁIPaB

- mCÄmNÐlFnFan

- evTikasMrab;karsikSaRsavRCaveronsURt nigEckrMElkbTBiesaFn_

- elIkkMBs;muxrbr nig»kassMrab;RsþI

smaCiksmaKmenHebIkcMhcMeBaHRsþITUeTA Edl ³ k> manbTBiesaFn_kargary:agtic 1qñaM

x> manGaCIvkmRsbc,ab; b¤CaGñkCMnajkar K> RtUv)aneKcat;taMg b¤mankarpþl;Gnusasn_BIbuKÁlik

smaKmNamñak; . smaCiksmaKmenHEckCa 2 RbePT ³ smaCikEdlrYbrYmKñaCaRkumh‘un nigsma

CikCabuKÁl . mkTl;nwgeBlenH smaKmmansmaCikcMnYn 35 nak; EdlmanGaCIvkmepSg²Kña .

BYkeKxøHCatMNagRkumh‘unTaMgmUl EtGñkxøHeTotminEmneT .

GñkdwknaMfñak;x<s;rbs;smaKmenHman ³ RbFanmñak; GnuRbFanBIrnak; elxamñak; nighirBaØikmñak; .

KN³kmkarnItiRbtibtþi RtUv)aneFVIeLIgtamry³kare)aHeqñat. smaCikmñak;²RtUvEtTTYl)ansMelg

CaeRcIn mansmaCikPaBy:agticmYyqñaM nigmanekrþ×QaHl¥eTotpg eTIbGacmansiT§QreQaHe)aHeqñat.

RbFanx<s;bMputmanGNtþiry³eBl3qñaM .

smaKm)anTTYlkarKaMRTBIkmviFIGPivDÆvis½yÉkCnenAtamtMbn;TenøemKgÁ (MPDF) kmviFIGPi-

vDÆrbs;GgÁkarshRbCaCati nigRksYgBak;B½n§epSg²eTot .


eyIgTaMgGs;Kñadwgfa edImTunfvikaKWCamUldæansRmab;eCaKC½yGaCIvkm b:uEnþvaKWCaGVIEdlCn

RkIRkxVHxat. eTaHbICay:agenHkþI CnRkIRkGacmantémøGVImYyepSgvij dUcCabNþajkargar

sRmab;karCYyKña . esckþIlM)akGacjaMug[mansm<½n§PaBnwgKña RBmTaMgkarCYyxøÜnÉg ¬eTaHbICaenA

eBlxøH vaGacman\Ti§BlbRBa©as;mkvijpgEdr dUcCamnusSc,aMgKñaeTAvijeTAmk edIm,ITTYl)anpl

RbeyaCn_d¾tictYc ¦ .

smtßPaBksagbNþajkargarCamYyGñkdéT karRbmUlFnFan nigCMnajnanarbs;RKYsar nigGñk

Citxag GacpþúMcUlKñakøayCaFnFanmYyRbePTeTot . enAelImUldæanénTunsgÁm rcnasm<½n§dUcCasmaKm

GaCIvkmmYy GaccUlrYmkñúgdMeNIrkarGPivDÆn_edImTunesdækic© .

bBaðamYykñúgbNþabBaðanana EdlshRKinFuntUcRbQmmuxKWkarenAÉkaEtmñak;Ég . enAeBl

nrNamñak;eFVIkarenAkñúgRkumh‘und¾FMmYy CaFmtamanmnusSdéTeTotenACMuvijxøÜn EdlTTYlxusRtUveTA

elIkic©karepSgTak;TgnwgkarRKb;RKgGaCIvkm . GñkxøHTTYlkargarTIpSar xøHeTotTTYlkargar

CaGñkepJIrtaragtémøecjeTAeRkA ehIyGñkxøHeTotTTYlxusRtUvxagEpñkdwkCBa¢Ún . shRKasFuntUc

RtUvEtbMeBjkargarTaMgGs;enHedayxøÜgÉg . enHCakarlM)akmYy ebIsinCaeKmanCMnajEtmYy

EpñkEtb:ueNÑaH ¬]> CMnajxagEpñkplit¦ b:uEnþminecHEpñkepSgeTot ¬]> CMnajTIpSarsRmab;plitpl¦ .

enAkñúgsmaKmGaCIvkm shRKintUc²GacRbmUlpþúMFnFan nigCMnajrbs;BYkeK ehIyeRbIR)as;FnFan

TaMgenHCamYyKña .

shRKinmñak;² EdlkøayeTACasmaCikénsmaKmGaCIvkmmYyrYcehIy k¾enAEtRbECgCamYyKñaBI

erOgGtifiCn nigGñkpÁt;pÁg; . GaCIvkrnimYy² manyuT§saRsþsMrab;GaCIvkmerOg²xøÜn ehIymincg;Eck

rMElkbTBiesaFn_CamYyédKURbkYtRbECgeLIy . smaKmGaCIvkm RtUvedIrtammaKa’d¾RbesIrmYy .

eKKYrEtelIkTwkcitþsmaCik[cUlrYmEckrMElkKMniteyabl; nigbBaðaepSg² b:uEnþeKRtUvEtdwgfa

smaCikminGacEckrMElkGVI²TaMgGs;enaHeT . bBaðaCak;lak;mYycMnYnrbs;GaCIvkrmñak;² GacelIk

ykmkBiPakSamYyTl;nwgmYy sþIBIdMbUnanGaCIvkm CamYynwgGñkBieRKaHeyabl; Edl)ancuHhtßelxa

elIkic©RBmeRBogrkSakarsm¶at;.

17

18


m:UDulTI 3³ karGPivvDÆsmaKmGaCIvkm

3>1> vdþCIvitrbs;smaKmGaCIvkmsmaKmk¾dUcCamnusSeyIgEdr ³ smaKmRtUv)anbegáIteLIg lUtlas; eFVIkarnigrIkduHdal b:uEnþ

smaKmTaMgenHk¾GacRbQmmuxnwgbBaðaCaeRcInpgEdr dUcCa)at;bg;PaBrwgbwugrbs;xøÜn ehIyk¾søab;

eTA . vamanKuNsm,tþi nigKuNvibtiþenAkñúgtMNak;kalnImYy² énkarGPivDÆn_smaKmGaCIvkm

d¾tUcmYy .

vdþsmaKmGaCIvkmFuntUcmYyKW ³

- karcab;bdisn§i

- kumarPaB

- yuvv½y

- eBjv½y

- cas;TuM

- RTuDeRTam EdlGacnaMeTArkkarbiTTVar b¤karbegáIteLIgCafI

karcab;bdisn§i KWenAeBlEdlsmaKmGaCIvkmRtUv)anbegáIteLIg . manmnusSmñak; b¤ BIr bInak;man

KMnitbegáItGgÁPaBmYy edIm,IedaHRsaybBaðarYmKña . buKÁliksßabnaTaMgenHmansarHsMxan;Nas;kúñgkar

ebþCJacitþ edIm,IbegáItCarUbragsmaKmenHeLIg . eKeFVIkaredays½RKcitþ ehIysmaCikmancMnYntictYc

Nas; .

GMLúgeBlkumarPaB manskmPaBmYycMnYnelcecjeLIg . smaKm)ankøayCaGgÁPaBmYy Edl

BiPBelakxageRkAemIleXIj . manesckþIsaTr nigkarebþCJacitþBIsmaCikTaMgLay . enAtMNak;kalenH


3>2> yuT§saRsþsmaCikPaBGaRs½yeTAelIRbePTsmaKmGaCIvkmFuntUc vaGaccaM)ac;RtUveRCIserIssmaCikmYycMnYntam

lT§PaBEdlGaceFVI)an b¤k¾pÞúymkvij KWRtUvKitKUrGMBIKuNPaBénkarcUlrYm [)anx<s;BIsMNak;

smaCik EdlmanRsab; .

karbegáIncMnYnsmaCikGacCakarsMxan;kñúgkal³eTs³ ³

19

vamansar³sMxan;kñúgkarbegáIteKalkarN_epSg²sMrab;GnuvtþrYmKña nigeFIV[R)akdfasmaCik)anTTYl

RbeyaCn_esI²Kña . enAGMLúugeBlkumarPaB vaGacmanTMnas;edaysarfasmaCikGacminRBmeRBogKña

eTAelIeKalbMNg nigviFIeFVIkarenAkñúgsmaKmGaCIvkm . karR)aRs½yTak;Tgd¾l¥ manPaBcaM)ac;

edIm,I[smaCiknanaeFVIkareq<aHeTAkan;eKaledArYm .

enAkñúgPaByuvv½y smaKmenAxVHxatbTBiesaFn_ ehIyRbEhlCamankMhusCaeRcIn . b:uEnþ

mansmaCikCaeRcIn)ancUlrYmenAdMNak;kalenH . smaKmRtUvkøayCaGgÁkarGaCIBmYy EdlmanRbB½n§

kargarc,as;las; enHmann½yfamanEpnkarl¥ nigkargarrdæ)all¥ . meFüa)ayfI²sMrab; eFVIkarR)aRs½y

Tak;TgCamYybuKÁlik RtUvEtbegáIteLIgedIm,IFana[mankarcUlrYmRbkbedayRbsiT§PaBBIbuKÁlik .

enAeBlQandl;PaBeBjv½y smaKm)anTTYlbTBiesaFn_RKb;RKan; . manekrþ×QaHl¥BIcMeNam

smaCiknanarbs;xøÜn . smaKmmansmtßPaBpþl;esvaRbkbedayKuNPaB nigbMEbkskmPaBrbs;xøÜn

CaeRcIny:ag. enHKWCadMNak;kalKYr[cab;GarmN_ ehIymanRbsiT§PaBsRmab;smaKmGaCIvkm .

enAeBlQandl;v½ycas;TuM smaCiksmaKmGac)at;bg;esckþIsaTr EdlBYkeKmanBIeBlmun

BIeRBaHfamankarRbQmmuxtictYcEtb:ueNÑaH . fVIebIsmaKmenAEtbnþpþl;esvarbs;xøÜneTA[smaCik

TaMgLay k¾b:uEnþsmaKmGacmankarBi)akeRcIn edIm,IeKogKresckþIRbwgERbg nigkarebþCJacitþrbs;

smaCik . smaKmGaccg;BRgwgcMnYnGñkBak;B½n§ ehIybegáItédKUsßabnaCaeRcIneTot .

v½yRTuDeRTam KWCakarb:unb:gbegáItCafIeLIIgvij b¤k¾CadMeNIrkarmYyQaneTArkTIbBa©b; edaysar ³

- : EbbGPiCnniym : KWenAeBlEdlGñkdwknaMsmaKmTaMgLay mankarts‘UsVitsVaj

edIm,IkarBarGMNacrbs;BYkeK ehIyxkxanmin)anbegáItskmPaBfI²eTot b¤TTYlhaniP½y .

- : kariyaFib,etyüniym : enAeBlc,ab; nigbBaØtiTaMgLay køayCaktþasMxan;CagplRb

eyaCn_nanarbs;smaCik . KannrNamñak;h‘anTTYlykKMnitpþÜcepþImfI²eLIy . kar]btßmÖ

mUlniFi nigkarKaMRTBIrdæaPi)alkan;EtmanPaBlM)akeLIg . RbsinebIsmaKm )at;bg;plRbeyaCn_

nanasRmab;smaCikrbs;xøÜn manGgÁPaBdéTepSgeTotGacnwgekIteLIgedIm,IbMeBjcenøaH

xVHxatTaMgenH .

- : karbMEbkecj : GacekIteLIgenAeBlsmaKmmansmaCikfI² begáItsaxarbs;xøÜn b¤enAeBlEdl

esvakmnanamanPaBm©as;kar .


- smaKmGaCIvkmcg;;bgðajdl;rdæaPi)al nigGgÁPaBédKUTaMgLay faeKKWCasßab½nsMxan;Cag

eK EdltMNag[shRKasFunmIRkU nigmFüm ehIysßab½nenHdMeNIrkarRbkbedayRbsiT§PaB

nig)annaMmknUvplRbeyaCn_Cak;Esþgdl;smaCikTaMgGs; .

- skmPaBrbs;smaKmRtUvkarmaRtdæanénGtßRbeyaCn_.

- esvakmrbs;smaKmKWsßitenAeRkamkareRbIR)as;edaysmaCikcas; ¬kMBugmanvtþman¦

karepþateTAelIKuNPaBénkarcUlrYmedaysmaCikcas; KWsMxan;enAeBl ³

- lT§PaBrs;ranbnþeTot)anrbs;smaKm KWEp¥kelIsmaCikRKb;²Kña EdlRtUvRbkan;yknUvkar

eyaKyl;KñaeTAvijeTAmk dUcCaTIpSarrYmKñasMrab;plitplTaMgLay .

- smaKmcg;rkSatMélplitpl nigesvakmrbs;smaCik[enAhñwgdEdl edaykMNt;cMnYnGñk

plit b¤Gñkpþl;esva

- smaCikGaCIvkmcg;)ankarkarBar nigpþl;plRbeyaCn_dl;smaCikxøÜn ehIymincg;køayCa

GgÁPaBmYy EdlmanTRmg;x<s;eBkeT . enHKWCakrNImYYy EdlsmaCikTaMgLaymankar

saTrcMeBaHkareBjcitþrbs;Gñkneya)ayrYcCaeRsceTAehIy karN_enHnwgBi)akkarBar

RbsinebIGgÁPaBkøayCaGgÁPaBsaFarN³ehIyenaH .

manlT§PaBCaeRcInsRmab;e)aHCMhaneTAmux EdlGacnaM[mankarTak;TajsmaCikfI b¤edIm,I

BRgwgkarebþCJacitþrbs;smaCikcas; manCaGaTiKW ³

- karelIkTwkcitþ mandUcCaGMeNaytictYc sRmab;smaCikcas;Edl)anENnaMsmaCikfI

- begáItskmPaBepSg²sRmab;GñkminEmnCasmaCik Edlpþl;dl;eKnUvcMNab;GarmN_CaGtß

RbeyaCn_sRmab;karkøayCasmaCiksmaKmGaCIvkm.

- esah‘uyd¾tictYc sRmab;cayvayenAqñaMdMbUgsRmab;smaCikPaB

20

krNIsikSa ³ yuT§saRsþTak;TajsmaCik

smaKmshRKinRsþIxñattUcnigmFüm manEpnkarcg;RbmUlpþúMsmaCik[)aneRcIntamEtGaceFVIeTA

)an edIm,I[smaKmmansMelgkan;EtrwgmaMkñúgkareFVICatMNag nigcrcarCamYyGñkBak;B½n§ .

>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

smaCikPaBrbs;RkumGaCIvkmxøH EdlKaMRTedaysmaKmkm<úCaGPivDÆesdækic©eRkARbB½n§ (CAID)

mancMnYnkMNt; . ]TahrN_ enAÉcMNtGakasyandæanGnþrCatiPñMeBj smaCikrbs;RkumGñkebIkbr

mancMnYnRtwmEt 31 nak;b:ueNÑaH . GñkebIkbrTaMgGs;mansMelokbMBak;ÉksNæan nigmYksuvtßiPaB

Edlpþl;edayGgÁkarGPivDÆn_rbs;RbeTsGaløWm:g . karkMNt;cMnYnenH eFVIeLIgedayEp¥keTAelItMrUvkar

rbs;GtifiCn edIm,IeFVI[R)akdfa GñkebIkbryanynþmanGtifiCnRKb;RKan; . Rkummansþg;dartMél

esvakm edayKankarRbkYtRbECgKñakñúgcMeNamsmaCik .


- rUbsBaØab¤eQaHsmaKmEdlsmaCiksÁal; nigeFVI[smaCikmñak;²manGarmN_faxøÜnCa

smaCik enAkñúgRkum - vabegáItKMnitfaRkumCarbs;eK

- karpSayBaNiC¢kmGMBIsmaCikfI enAelITMB½rTsSnavdIþedayminbg;éfø

- EckcaynUvB½t’mansMxan;² sþIBIbBaðaCati EdlnwgGacmankarb:HBal;dl;GaCIvkmTaMgLay

eTA[smaCikfI² .

- kmviFIENnaMkargardl;smaCikfI² pþl;dl;eKnUvB½t’mansþIBIesvakm nigplitplrbs;

smaKm

3>3> yuT§saRsþsþIBIshB½n§ shCIB nigbNþaj

smaKmGaCIvkm CaFmtacab;epþImenAfñak;mUldæan . mYyry³eRkaymk eKrkeXIjfakaredaH

RsaybBaðaCaeRcIn RtUvkarCamUldæannUvsmaCikcMnYneRcInKña fvika nigFnFanmnusSbEnßm b¤\T§iBl

neya)aybEnßm . eKnwg)aneXIjGtßRbeyaCn_énkarshRbtibtþikarCamYyGgÁPaBRbhak;RbEhlKña

kñúgkarEckrMElkbTBiesaFn_ B½t’man nigbegáItKMnitpþÜcepþImrYmKña . bnÞab;mk karN_enHkøayCamUldæan

RKwHkñúgkarbegáItGgÁPaBkñúgkMritTI 2 dUcCashB½n§ nigGgÁPaBGnþrCMnaj ehIyBRgwgGMNacrbs;

vis½yshRKasFuntUc nigmFüm .

EbbEpnskmPaBrbs;shB½n§ nigshCIB eRbobeFobnwgsmaKmGaCIvkmmUldæan manCaGaTiKW ³

- karviPaKeKalneya)ayrdæaPi)alfñak;CatisþIBIEpñkÉkCn

- sRmbsRmYlkarbBa©úHbBa©Úlkñúgvis½yesdækic©fñak;Cati bTbBaØtiþ RbB½n§Bn§dar

- erobcMkarpøas;bþÚr nigTsSnkic©eTAkan;smaKmGaCIvkmkñúgRsuk b¤enAeRkARbeTsEdlsÞat;

CMnajkñúgkareFVICMnYj

- begáItkarTMnak;TMngGnþrCati

- eFVIkmsikSa[cMEpñk GMBIktþasMxan;² kñúgkarbegáItshRKasFuntUc

shB½n§ nig shCIBmanbBaðamYycMnYn EdlxusEbøkBIsmaKmGaCIvkmTaMgenaH manCaGaTiKW ³

- karcMNayelIskmPaBeFVICMnYjmankRmitx<s; edaysarkarTMnak;TMngKñaCamYysmaCikman

témøéføeBk .

- GacnwgmanplRbeyaCn_pÞúyKñaeRcIneTot rvagRkumepSg²CasmaCik .

- karcMNaynwgGacekIneLIgx<s;EfmeTot eRBaHfamankargars½RKcitþtictYc ehIyR)ak;ebovtSr_

RbEhlGaceLIgx<s; .

21


shB½n§ nigshCIBmanrcnasm<n½§epSgKña manlkçnþik³ mhasnñi)at nigKN³kmkarRbtibtiþ

erog²xøÜn . kñúgkrNICaeRcIn smaCiksmaKmCasmaCiksßabnik ehIy)anbBa¢ÚntMNagrbs;xøÜn[eTA

eFVIkarenAkñúgshCIBnigshB½n§enaH .

RbsinebImincaM)ac;edIm,IbegáItnUvrcnasm<½n§Rsbc,ab;edayELkBIKña vaRbEhlCagayRsYlCag

kñúgkarbegáIt :bNþajkargar : mYy . enAeBlEdlsmaKmCasmaCikrbs;bNþaj seRmcerobcM

skmPaBrYmKñamYy CaTUeTAeKnwgEckrMElkkarTTYlxusRtUv kñúgcMeNamsmaKm EdlcUlrYmepSgeTot .

viPaKTanGacRtUvbg; edIm,ITUTat;karcMNayrYmKña . smaKmGaCIvkmmYyGacCaPñak;garnaMmux sRmab;

bNþaj nig sRmbsRmYlskmPaBbNþaj .

22

krNIsikSa³ yuT§saRsþsþIBIshB½n§ shCIB nigbNþaj

shB½n§nieyaCk nigsmaKmBaNiC¢kmkm<úCa KWCasmaKmBaNiC¢km EdlÉkraCünigsV½yt

eday)ancuHbBa¢Ikar nigTTYlsÁal;edayraCrdæaPi)alkm<úCa. shB½n§RtUv)anbegáIteLIgenAqñaM 2000

edaysarmankarekIneLIgénPaBcaM)ac; Edlvis½yÉkCnRtUvrYbrYmkMlaMgsamKÁIKñaCaFøúgmYy . shB½n§

)ankøayCasmaKmFMCageKbMput EdlCatMNag[nieyaCkenAkñúgRbeTskm<úCa kñúgenaHmanshB½n§

tMNag[Rkumh‘unsrubcMnYnCag 700 Rkumh‘un EdlrYmmanshRKasxñattUc nig mFüm Rkumh‘unCMnYj

naMmuxrbs;CnCatiExr nigRkumh‘unBhuCati mü:ageTotsmaKmBaNiC¢kmsMxan;²cMnYnCag10 k_Ca

smaCikrbs;shB½n§Edr .

TsSnvis½yrbs;shB½n§ KWedIm,IBRgwgnigrYbrYmvis½yÉkCnenAkñúgRbeTskm<úCa tamry³kareFVI

CatMNag nigeFVIshRbtibtþikard¾manRbsiT§iPaBCamYyrdæaPi)alkm<úCa nigsßab½nBiPBelak EdlBak;

B½n§TaMgGs; . elIsBIenH shB½n§maneKalbMNgBRgwgsmtßPaBsmaCik edIm,IGacRbkYtRbECgkñúg

sklPavUbnIykmesdækic© . shB½n§mankarebþCJacitþkñúgkarsMerc[)annUvTsSnvis½yrbs;xøÜntam ÷

1/ sRmbsRmYlvis½yÉkCneGaymanPaBrYbrYmKñaEtmYy

2/ elIkkMBs;TMnak;TMngviC¢aCIv³l¥ edIm,IFanaeGay)annUvbriyakasGaCIvkmd¾manPaBsuxdum

3/ tMNageGaysmaCikenAsßab½n EdlRtUvmansMelgrbs;nieyaCk

4/ pþl;karRbwkSaeyabl; ksagsmtßPaB nigpSBVpSayB½t’man

tamry³karcUlCasmaCikrbs;shB½n§nieyaCknigsmaKmBaNiC¢kmkm<úCa smaCikTaMgGs;

nwgTTYl)annUvesvakmmYycMnYndUcCa³ esvaRbwkSaeyabl;Tak;TgnwgKtic,ab; nigRbwkSaeyabl;

B½t’man sþIBIB½t’manTIpSar nigsßanPaBGaCIvkm karbNþúHbNþal nigbNþajTMnak;TMngkñúg

nigeRkARbeTs nigesvaénkareFVICaGñktMNagenAkñúgsnñisiT§eTVPaKI nigRtIPaKIfñak;Cati CamYYy

Pñak;garraCrdæaPi)al nigsßab½nGnþrCati .


3>4> karekItmannUvkarlM)aksmaKmEdlmankarRKb;RKgl¥ GacBRgIkskmPaBxøÜn)an GacTak;TajsmaCikfI² nigRbmUl

bEnßmnUvFnFanmnusS nighirBaØvtßú . smaKmnwgekIteLIgBIdMNak;kaldMbUg (embryonic) eRkApøÚvkar

mYy rhUtdl;køayCasßab½npøÚvkarmYy EdlmankarTTYlxusRtUvcMeBaHmuxsgÁm nigesdækic© .

GgÁPaBmandMeNIrkartamCMhanRbhak;RbEhlKña nigCYbRbTHnUv]bsKÁRsedogKña. smaKm

GaCIvkm nwgmanbTBiesaFn_lM)ak²mYycMnYn ³

- smaCikfInwgcg;cUlrYmCamYyGgÁPaB k¾b:uEnþeKRbEhlCaminmanKMnit nigPaBskmdUc

smaCiksßabnikGgÁPaBenaHeLIy .

- CabzmGgÁPaBGacTTYlxusRtUveTAelIEttMbn;Citxag b¤vis½ymYyb:ueNaÑH b:uEnþvtþmansmaCik

fI KWmann½yfakarBRgIkskmPaBeTAkñúgtMbn;fI nigvis½yepSgeTot. dUcenH GgÁPaBcaM)ac;

RtUvbegáItKN³kmakaredayELksRmab;tMbn; b¤vis½yenaH ]TahrN_KN³kmkarsRmab;

shRKaseFVIEdk ¬Efb¦ nwgmantMNagenAkñúgKN³kmkarRbtibtþi EdlmkBItMbn; nigvis½y

TaMgenaH .

- CadMbUg kargareRcInbMputnwgRtUv)anbMeBjedayRkumtUc²énGñks½RKcitþ . enAeBlGgÁPaB

enHkan;EtrIkcMerIneLIg eKRtUveRCIserIsbuKÁlikCMnajbEnßm . PaBtantwgnwgekItmaneLIgrvag

buKÁlik nigGñkdwknaMEdl)aneRCIserIs enAeBlEdlbuKÁlikmanB½t’manCaeRcIn enAkñúgéd nig

manTMnak;TMngeRcInCamYysmaCik kñúgxN³EdlKN³kmkarRbtibtþiCaGñkmanGMNaceFVI

esckþIseRmc .

- enAeBlEdlsmaKmGaCIvkmbegáItskmPaBepSgeTot vanwgmankarlM)aksRmab;smaCik

nana k¾dUcCasRmab;GñkdwknaMtammUldæankñúgkarcg;dwgnUvGVI EdlekIteLIgenAfñak;elI.

karxitxMRbwgERbg KWCatRmUvkarsRmab;sRmbsRmYlskmPaBepSg²Kña nigrkSakarpþl;B½t’man

dl;smaCikdUcCatamry³RBwtþib½Rt .

- enAeBlGgÁPaBkan;EtrIkFMeLIg karTMnak;TMngrvagsmaCik nigGñkdwknaMkan;EtticeTA² .

eTaHCarvl;y:agNak¾eday GñkdwknaMRtUvEtBüayamTak;TgCamYynwgPaBCak;EsþgenAmUldæan

mincMeBaHPaBeCaKC½yEdl)anTTYly:agNaenaHeT . GñkdwknaMTaMgGs;RtUvyl;GMBIGtß

RbeyaCn_rbs;smaCikEdlRkCageK .

- enAeBlGgÁPaBmankarrIkcMerIn mUlniFiBIRbPBeRcInKñakøayCakarsMxan; sRmab;sV½yPaBrbs;

GgÁkar . karBwgEp¥keTAelIRbPBcMNUlEtmYyeRcIneBk KWbNþal[GgÁPaBgayrgeRKaHeRcIn

kñúgkarpøas;bþÚreKalneya)ay b¤buKÁlikkñúgGgÁPaBdéTeTot . bnSMénéføsmaCikPaB

skmPaBrkR)ak;cMNUl nigmUlniFirbs;Gñkpþl;CMnYy GacCYy[GgÁPaBbnþskmPaBrbs;

xøÜnedayÉkraCü edayEp¥kelIGaTiPaBrbs;smaCik EtminEp¥kelIGaTiPaBrbs;Gñkpþl;

mUlniFieLIy .

23

24


m:UDulTI 4 ³ ebskkm nigeKaledA rbs;smaKm

4>1> TsSn³vis½yrbs;GgÁPaB

smaKmGaCIvkmGacTTYleCaKC½y)an edayBwgEp¥keTAelIsmaCikmaneKaledArYmKñamYYy Edl

bBa¢ak;faetIsmaKmcg;)anGVI. viFImYYyedIm,IeFVI[R)akdfa smaCikmaneKaledArYmKñaenaH KWkarÉkPaB

KñaeTAelIRbeyaKTsSn³ .

TsSn³eRbobdUcCasubinþmYy b¤rUbPaBmYy Edlmanlk½çx½NÐl¥RbesIrbMputsMrab;smaCik.

RbeyaKTsSn³ KWCaXøab¤RbeyaKd¾xøImYy EdlbgðajGMBIesckþIsgÇwmrbs;smaCiksMrab;GnaKt

BYkeK. RbeyaKxøI² EdlgaycgcaMmandUcCa : GaCIvkmxagEpñkÉkCn EdleBareBjeTAeday

karRbkYtRbECg : b¤ : »kasGaCIvkmesI²Kña sMrab;RsþI nigburs : GacCaEpñkénRbeyaKTsSn³ .

TsSn³rbs;GgÁkar GacmanlkçN³dUcxageRkamenH ³

- KuNtMél

- lM)akkñúgkareFVI[sMerc)an

- manRkmsIlFm’

RbeyaKTsSn³ KYrEt ³

- mankarcUlrYmcMENkBIsmaCik ehIysmaCikTaMgGs;yl;dwg

- elIkTwkcitþ

- gayeFVIkarR)aRs½yTak;Tg

m:UDulTI 4 ³ ebskkm nigeKaledArbs;smaKm

4>2> ebskkmGñkEdlenAkñúgGgÁPaB caM)ac;RtUvEtyl;c,as;las;GMBIGVI EdlBYkeKTaMgGs;KñaxitxMeFIV. ebskkm

KWCaBaküeBCn_c,as;las;mYysMNMuEdlbUksrubeKaledA nigeKalbMNgsMxan;²rbs;GgÁPaB .

RbeyaKebskkm manlkçN³Cak;lak;CagRbeyaKTsSn³ .

ebskkmeqøIynwgsMNYrdUcxageRkam ³

- etIGñkCanrNakñúgnamCaGgÁPaBmYy?

- ehtuGVI)anCaGñkekIteLIg ?

- etIGñkeFVIGVI ?

- etIGñkbMerIGñkNa?

GgÁkarmYycMnYndak;bBa©ÚlTsSn³ nigebskkmCamYyKña EtxøHeTotEjkdac;BIKña . TsSn³man

lkçN³TUeTACag ehIymaneKalbMNgCMrujTwkcitþsmaCik . cMENkÉebskkm manninñakareq<aH

eTArkkarkMNt;EdlGacGnuvtþ)an kñúgkarkMNt;RkumeKaledA EdlsmaKmnwgeFVIkarCamYy nigmeFüa)ay

sMxan;² EdlnwgRtUveRbIR)as; edIm,ICMnHnUvral;karlM)aknana . vabMerI[GñkTaMgGs; EdlBak;B½n§

nwgkargarsMxan; ²enAkñúgGgÁkar .

xN³EdlRbeyaKTsSn³CMruj[smaCikRsémGMBIGnaKt RbeyaKebskkmKYrCMruj[BYkeKeFVI

skmPaB. smaCikTaMgGs;Kb,IcUlrYmtamkmviFImYycMnYnkñúgkic©RBmeRBogelIGVI EdlebskmenH)an

Eføg.

4>3> karkMNt;eKalbMNg

eKalbMNgmanlkçN³Cak;lak; nigmanCMhannana EdlGacvas;Evg)an sMrab;CYyGñkkñúgkar

sMercebskkmrbs;Gñk. muneBlkMNt;eKalbMNgrbs;smaKm smaCiknanaRtUvEtkMMMNt;bBaða

rYmCamunsin eTIbmanPaBgayRsYl kñúgkarkMNt;eKalbMNg edayRKan;Etpøas;bþÚrBIbBaða[eTACa

RbeyaKviC¢man .

]TahrN_ ³

ebIsinCaGñkmanm:asIunkinRsUvCYbRbTHnwgbBaðarYmmYyKW eKKanlT§PaBTTYl)anesvahirBaØvtßú

enaHeKalbMNgmYyrbs;smaKmenHKW :KaMRTsmaCik[TTYl)anesvahirBaØvtßú : .

]TahrN_ ³

Gñktm,ajsURtTaMgLaymanbBaðadUcKñamYy KWeKeRbIR)as;bec©kviC¢aminTan;sm½y enaHeKalbMNg

mYyrbs;smaKmGñktm,ajsURtenHKW : pþl;karKaMRT[smaCikkñúgkarGPivDÆn_bec©keTstm,aj : .

25


eKalbMNgrbs;smaKmGaCIvkmRtUvEtmanlkçN³lM)aknwgsMerc)an nigBak;B½n§eTAnwgtMrUvkar

rbs;smaCik . eKRtUvEtbBa©ÚlkarlM)aknana EdlminGacedaHRsay)anedayGaCIvkrmñak;²

b:uEnþGacsMerc)an edayeRbIR)as;kMlaMgrwgmaMrbs;Rkum .

eKalbMNgrbs;smaKmGacpøas;bþÚr)aneTAtameBlevla edaysarbBaðaEdlsmaCikCYbRbTH

k¾mankarpøas;bþÚrEdr .

26

krNIsikSa ³ TsSn³nigebskkmrbs;smaKGaCIvkm

TsSn³nigebskmrbs;shB½n§nieyaCknwgsmaKmBaNiC¢km CAMFEBA KWCasmaKm

ÉkraCümYy EdlmaneKaledABRgwgvis½yÉkCnenAkñúgRbeTskm<úCa nigBRgwgsmtßPaBsmaCik

rbs;eyIg edIm,I[BYkeKGacRbkYtRbECgkñúgsklPavUbnIykmesdækic© .

eKalbMNgrbs; CAMFEBA KW ³

1/ sRmbsRmYlvis½yÉkCn[manPaBrYbrYmKñaEtmYy

- edaHRsayRbkbedayRbsiT§PaBnUvral;bBaðaEdlb:HBal;dl;suxPaB nigplRbeyaCn_

rbs;smaCikRBmTaMgnieyaCikTaMgGs;

- sRmbsRmYlkñúgkarpSBVpSay[Tan;eBlevlanUvB½t’mansþIBIc,ab; nigbTbBaØtifI²

- pþl;»kasdl;smaCikkñúgkarksagbNþaj nigbegáItTMnak;TMngCamYyKñanigKña

2> elIkkMBs;TMnak;TMngviC¢aCIv³l¥ edIm,IFana[)annUvbriyakasGaCIvkmd¾manPaBsuxdum

- elIkkMBs;sIlFm’l¥kñúgbriyakasGaCIvkmrvagnieyaCk nigkmkr-nieyaCit

- elIkkMBs;kEnøgkargar[RbkbedaysuxPaB nigsuvtßiPaB

3> tMNag[smaCikenAsßab½nEdlRtUvmansMelgrbs;nieyaCk

- EsVgrkkarTTYlsÁal; nigbegáItTMnak;TMngd¾manRbsiT§PaBCamYyraCrdæaPi)al nigRksYg

EdlBak;B½n§

- EsVgrkGasn³eFVICatMNagnieyaCkkñúgKN³kmaFikarCati RtIPaKI

- sMrbsMrYlCamYyédKUshCIBRbkbedaysiT§PaB

- eFVICatMNagd¾manRbsiT§PaBrbs;vis½yÉkCnenAlMdab;fñak;Cati nigGnþrCati

4> pþl;karRbwkSaeyabl; ksagsmtßPaB nigpSBVpSayB½t’man

- pþl;RbwkSaeyabl; nigkarENnaMdl;rdæaPi)al sþIBIkarbegáIteKalneya)ayepSg²Tak;Tg

nwgsgÁm nigesdækic©

- pþl;vKÁbNþúHbNþalEdlBak;B½n§dl;smaCik

- pþl;B½t’manfI²Tak;TgnwgsßanPaBBaNiC¢km nigsgÁm

- pþl;karRbwkSaEpñkc,ab; nigBieRKaHeyabl;dl;smaCik

27

m:UDulTI 5 ³ lkçnþik³smaKm

5>1> lkçnþik³

lkçnþik³pþl;[GgÁPaBnUvrcnasm½<n§ nigc,ab;mUldæanTaMgLay .

- lkçnþik³KWCaGVIEdlsmaCiksßabnikRBmeRBogKña nwg[køayeTACacritlkçN³rbs;GgÁPaB

EdlbgðajBIviFIénkarseRmcnanaRtUveFVIeLIg nigGVIEdlCasiT§i nigkatBVkic©rbs;smaCik

nigrbs;GñkdwknaM .

- vapþl;CamUldæansRmab;karBiPakSaTaMgLay elIkarBRgIkGgÁPaBenAeBlGnaKt

- vapþl;B½t’mandl;BiPBelakxageRkAGMBIviFInana EdlGgÁPaBenHRtUvdMeNIrkareLIg .

- vaCYyRkum[GacTTYl)ankarcuHbBa¢ICapøÚvkar RbsinebIenaHKWCakartRmUv .

lkçnþik³PaKeRcInmanB½t’mandUcxageRkamenH ³

- eQaHsmaKm

- TIkEnøg nigkalbriecäTénkarbegáItsmaKm

- Gas½ydæan

- ebskkmnigeKaledAnana

- critlkçN³rbs;smaKm

- smaCiksßabnik

- smaCikPaB KWebIkcMhCUndl; ///

- smaCikfITaMgLayGac)anTTYlkarGnuBaØateday ///

- siT§inigkatBVkic©rbs;smaCik

- tYnaTInanarbs;mhasnñi)at KN³kmkarRbtibtþi nigrcnasm<½n§epSg²eTot RBmTaMgviFInana

EdlBYkeKRtUv)ane)aHeqñateRCIserIs

- Rkumxus²KñaenAkñúgsmaKm ¬dUcCaRsþI yuvCn b¤RkumGaCIvkmtUc²¦ RtUv)aneRCIserIs[eFVICa

tMNag enAkRmitxus²Kñakñúgrcnasm½<n§ ¬KN³kmkar b¤Rkumkargar¦

- viFInanaEdlFnFanhirBaØvtßú nigFnFansmÖar³epSg² RtUvcat;eTAkñúgrcnasm½<n§

- viFInanasRmab;karEckrMElkplkéRm b¤eRbIR)as;plkéRm

- nItiviFInanaEdlRtUvGnuvtþtam RbsinebIsmaKmenHRtUvrMsay



B½t’manPaKxøHGacdak;enAkñúgsMeNAÉksaredayELk Edlmanc,ab;nigbTbBaØtþiépÞkñúg sUmGan

]TahrN_enAkñúg]bsm<n½§ ¬k ¦ .

5>2> siT§i nigkatBVkic©rbs;smaCik siT§inigkatBVkic©rbs;smaCiksmaKmGaCIvkm nwgRtUveFVIkarseRmcedaymhasnñi)at CaBiess

smaCiksßabnik EdlCaGñkseRmcelIlkçnþik³ b¤edayKN³kmkarRbtibtþi . siT§inigkatBVkic©TaMg

enHKYrEtkt;RtaeTAkñúglkçnþik³ .

l½kçx½NÐTaMgLaysRmab;køayCasmaCikmñak; GacmanlkçN³bt;EbnenAkñúgsmaKm EdlebIkcMh

b¤manlkçN³twgEtgenAkñúgsmaKmmincMh . lkç½x½NÐTaMgenHGacrab;bBa©Úl ³

- dMeNIrRbtibtþikarRbePTd¾Cak;lak;rbs;GaCIvkm

- karrs;enA b¤kareFVIkarenAtamtMbn; b¤TIkEnøgCak;lak;

- shRKasmanTMhMBitR)akdmYy ]TahrN_ cMNUlGtibrma b¤ cMnYnnieyaCitkmkr .

smaKmGacEbgEcksmaCikCaRkumepSg²dUcCa ³

- smaCikkitþiys CasmaCikEdl)ancUlrYmcMENkCaeRcIneTAkñúgsmaKmkalBIGtItkal

ehIy mincaM)ac;bg;éføsmaCikPaBeT

- smaCikskm CasmaCikEdlcUlrYmy:agskmenAkñúgkargarrbs;smaKm ehIyRtUv)aneK

eRCIserIsCaRkumRbwkSaPi)al

- smaCikminskm GacCasmaCik Edlbg;R)ak;viPaKTanyWty:avCagsmaCikskm . BYkeK

GacmansiT§e)aHeqñat b:uEnþminmansiT§QreQaH[eKe)aHeqñateLIy .

katBVkic©Gacrab;bBa©Úl ³

- karbg;éføviPaKTandMbUgsRmab;katsmaCikPaB

- karbg;éføviPaKTanRbcaMEx b¤RbcaMqñaM

- karcUlrYmGgÁRbCMu EdlmancMnYnGtibrima ¬RtUvbBa¢ak;¦

28


- eKarBtameKalkarN_GnuvtþmYycMnYn nigeFVIskmPaBGaCIvkmEdlmanPaBesaHRtg;

- )anTTYlkarhVwkhVWnenAkRmitBitR)akdmYycMnYn b¤bTBiesaFn_

siT§iGacrab;bBa©Úl ³

- karcUlrYmkñúgdMeNIrkareFVIesckþIseRmc

- kare)aHeqñatenAkñúgmhasnñi)at nigkareRCIserIssmaCikKN³kmkarRbtibtþi b¤GñktMNag

epSg²

- karTTYl)anplkéRmBIesvakmnanarbs;GgÁPaB kñúgl½kçx½NÐGnueRKaH

- karykcitþTukdak;esI²Kña enAkñúgcMeNamsmaCikTaMgGs; .

29

krNIsikSa³ siT§inigkatBVkic©smaCikrbs;smaKm

GaCIkrEdlmansiT§icUlCasmaCiksmaKmGaCIvkmm:asIunkinRsUvkñúgextþkMBg;cam)anKW ³ 1-

RtUvmanm:asIunkinRsUvrbs;xøÜnpÞal; ehIymanTItaMgkñúgextþ 2- GñkEdleFVIGaCIvkmelIplrbr

RsUvnigGgár 3- mankarcuHeQaHGaCIvkmRsbc,ab; . smaCikmñak;²RtUvbg;R)ak;30>000 erol

sMrab;smaCikPaBenARKadMbUg . smaCikRtUvbMeBjkatBVkic©rbs;xøÜn nigKaMRTsmaKm edIm,IbegáIn

ekr×þeQaHsmaKm .

kñuúgkrNIsmaCikNamYyenAkñúgsmaKm Edlcg;laQb;BIsmaCikPaBrbs;smaKm KWRtUv

dak;BaküsMulaElgBIsmaCikrbs;smaKmeGay)anmunry³eBlmYyEx nigeFVI[R)akdfa eKminman

Cak;CMBak;R)ak;;smaKmeLIy . smaKmmansiT§ikñúgkarbeNþjsmaCikBIsmaKm kñúgkrNIsmaCik

Namñak;rMelaPelIlkçnþik³rbs;smaKm .

30


m:UDulTI 6 ³ karelIkTwkcitþRsþI[cUlrYm

6>1> karEsVgyl;smaCik

GñkdwknaMsmaKm KYrmanTMnak;TMngnigkarBiPakSay:ageTogTat; CamYysmaCiknanarbs;xøÜn .

BYkeKKYrrkSakartamdaneTAelIGVIEdlraMgsÞHmin[smaCikcUlrYm nigmUlehtuGVIEdlCMruj[smaCik

cUlrYmCamYysmaKm . etIsmaCikTaMgenHmankarrMBwgTukdUcemþcxøH? BYkeKKYrEtdwgcemøIysRmab;

sMNYrTaMgenH ³

- etIsmaCikmñak;² manmUlehtucm,gGVIxøH edIm,IcUlrYmCamYysmaKmGaCIvkmenH?

- etIskmPaB b¤esvakmNamYYy EdlsmaCikBicarNaeXIjfaCa : plRbeyaCn_sMxan; : ?

- etIkarCRmujTwkcitþrbs;smaCikmankRmitNaEdr EdlcUlrYmCaEpñkmYyénsmaKmGaCIvkm

enH ? b¤sYrmüa:gvijeTot etIsmaKmGaCIvkmmanRbsiT§PaB kñúgkaredaHRsaybBaðasMxan;²

mYycMnYnrbs;Kat;Edrb¤eT? b¤fa etIsmaKmpþl;»kasGVIxøHdl;smaCik ?

- etImanmUlehtucm,gGVIxøH EdlshRKasxøHmincUlrYmCamYysmaKm ?

shRKinGacmanktþaCRmujTwkcitþxusEbøkBIKña sRmab;karcUlrYmCamYysmaKmenH . sRmab;

shRKinxøH lT§PaBBiPakSaelIRbtibtþikarGaCIvkmCamYym©as;GaCIvkmRsedogKña GacCaplRbeyaCn_

mYy cMENkshRKinxøHeTot plRbeyaCn_GacmanlkçN³Rtg;²Etmþg dUcCacg;begáIncMNUlGaCIvkm

tamry³esvakmnana EdlsmaKmpþl;[. EtshRKinxøHeTotEdlxVHRTBübBa©aMsRmab;R)ak;km©I

Gaccab;GarmN_cUlrYmsmaKmGaCIvkm RbsinebIsmaKmenHmanmUlniFiFana edIm,ICYy[BYkeKGac

TTYl)anR)ak;km©I .

6>2> sRmbsRmYlkarcUlrYmrbs;smaCik smaKmGaCIvkmmYy KYrKb,IRbkan;ykRbB½n§mYy sRmab;pþl;karBieRKaHeyabl;dl;smaCik .

enHKb,ICaskmPaBCab;lab; EdlGñkdwknaMEsVgrkviFIepSg² edIm,Isþab;smaCik CYyBYkeKkñúg

karelIkeLIgBIkgVl;nana nigRtYtBinitüemIlfa etIsmaKmGaCIvkmkMBugEteqøIytby:agsmRsm

eTAnwgtMrUvkarrbs;smaCikxøÜnEdrb¤eT . eTaHbICamuneBlGgÁPaBenHRtUvbegáIteLIg caM)ac;RtUvman

EbbTbfy:agRbugRby½tñmYy edIm,IniyayCamYyRkumeKaledA GMBIGVIEdlsmaCikPaBrMBwgfa

nwgekIteLIgy:agNaenaH .


shRKinFuntUc nwgcUlrYmCamYysmaKmGaCIvkm enAeBlEdlBYkeKmanGarmN_fa GgÁPaBenaH

)anebþCJacitþ edIm,IeFVIkareq<aHeTArkdMeNaHRsaybBaðananarbs;BYkeK nigbegáIt»kasfI²sRmab;BYkeK

. BYkeKnwgcUlrYmy:agskmenAkñúgsmaKm RbsinebIBYkeKmanGarmN_fa GñkdwknaMrbs;BYk ³

- sþab;BYkeK

- GeBa¢IjBYkeKeGaycUlrYmenAkñúgdMeNIrkareFVIesckþIseRmcnana

- BicarNaGMBIBYkeK enAeBlbegáItskmPaBTaMgLay sMedACYyseRmc)annUveKalbMNgrYm

rbs;GgÁPaB

- pþl;karykcitþTukdak;esI²Kñadl;smaCikRKb;RbePTTaMgGs; ³ FMCag tUcCag manTItaMgenATI

Rkug manTItaMgenACnbT manrdæCam©as; manÉkCnCam©as; burs RsþI .

karebþCJad¾skmrbs;smaCik KWCaktþapþl;GayuCIvitsRmab;karrs;ranrbs;GgÁPaB . karcUlrYm

rbs;smaCikGacman ³ kareFVIEpnkar kareFVIesckþIseRmc nigkarGnuvtþskmPaB k¾dUcCakarRtYtBinitü

nig vaytémøskmPaBTaMgenaH .

smaKmGaCIvkmGacsRmbsRmYlkarcUlrYmrbs;smaCikxøÜn tamviFIepSg²Kña ³

- begáItKN³kmkarmUldæanmYyeTAtamtMbn;Citxag b¤tamvis½ytUc² edIm,IBiPakSabBaðaCak;lak;

rbs;BYkeK .

- begáItRkumkargarmYYy edIm,IsikSabBaðaNamYy nigesñIesckþIseRmcCUneTAKN³kmkarRbtibtþi.

- erobcMsnñisiT§ nigkarBiPakSananaeTAelIRbFanbT EdlKYreGaycab;GarmN_ .

- sRmbsRmYl[smaCikbeBa©jKMnitGaCIvkmfI² nigKaMRTBYkeK edIm,IGnuvtþKMnitTaMgenaH.

skmPaBTaMgLay EdlGnuBaØat[smaCik)ancUlrYm nigBRgwgsmaKmenaH man ³

- karbegáIt nigEckcaynUvbBa¢IeQaHTaMgLayrbs;smaCik nwgCYy[smaCik)ansÁal;Kña

ehIyvak¾CYykñúgkarpSBVpSayGMBIGaCIvkmrbs;BYkeK .

- kare)aHBum<RBwtþib½Rt nwgCYypþl;Bt’manfI² GMBIkarGPivDÆn_nanaenAkñúgGgÁPaBshKmn_ nig

]sSahkm dl;smaCik RBmTaMgCYybMerICa]bkrN_pSBVpSay dl;GñkEdlminEmnCasmaCik.

- karerobcMhagRbmUlpþMúKña b¤BiBN’BaNiC¢km edIm,IpSBVpSayBIplitplnanarbs;smaCikdl;

GtifiCnfI² .

- kareFVIkic©shkarCamYysmaKmdéTeTot . ]TahrN_ edIm,IerobcMBiBN’BaNiC¢km b¤esñI[

BYkeK cuHpSBVpSayBIGgÁPaBrbs;Gñk enAkñúgGtßbTpSBVpSayTaMgLayrbs;BYkeK .

- karerobcMGgÁRbCMuepSg²CamYyshRKin nigsmaKmÉeTot² edIm,IBRgIk\T§iBlrbs;smaKm

dUcCapþl;»kasTIpSar[eTAsmaCik .

- enATINaEdlmanGuInfWENt ksagbNþajTMnak;TMng edIm,IsMrbsMrYlkarBiPakSarbs;smaCik

GMBIbBaðanana EdlTak;TinnwgplRbeyaCn_smaCiknigsmaKm .

31


smaKmGaCIvkmTaMgLayGacmaneKalneya)ay edayeyagtamtMNak;kalxus²Kña énkar

cUlrYmrbs;smaCik ³ smaCikbc©úb,nñ smaCikGnaKt smaCikskm smaCikminskm . smaKmKYrtamdan

smaCikEdlminskm ehIyriHrkmUlehtuepSg² EdlnaM[smaCikTaMgenaHxVHkarcUlrYm . karN_enHnwg

CYyelIkkMBs;karyl;dwgrbs;smaKmEfmeTot GMBIsmaCikTaMgLayenAeBlGnaKt .

smaCikKN³kmkarRbtibtþi nwgmankarTTYlxusRtUvx<s;CagsmaCikFmta ehIyKb,ITTYl

)ankarKaMRT tamry³karR)aRs½yTak;Tg nigkarTMnukbRmugepSg²eTot. eTaHCay:agenHkþI smaCikKYr

emIleXIj faBYkeKCaGñksegátelIkatBVkic©rYmrbs;smaCikTaMgGs; nigmantmøaPaBkñúgkareRbIGMNac

rbs;xøÜn .

6>3> RsþIkñúgsmaKmGaCIvkmRsþInigbursCashRKin CYnkalRbQmmuxnwgbBaðaxusEbøkKña dUecñHsmaKmGaCIvkmRtUvpþl;esva

kmCak;lak;mYycMnYn . vamanerOgr:avmYycMnYnsMrab;BicarNa enAeBlmankarsRmbsRmYleTAelIkar

cUlrYmrbs;RsþIenAkñúgGgÁPaB ³

- enAkñúgsmaKmGaCIvkmPaKeRcIn EdlmansmaCikPaBCab;lab;enaH RsþIkRmnwgkan;kab;mux

tMENgsMxan;² dUcCaRbFan b¤GnuRbFanenHNas; . vaCaktþasMxan;kúñgkarTTYlsÁal;faRsþI

nigburs nwgnaMmknUvtémø (Values) xusEbøkBIKñakñúgkarcUlrYmbegáItsmaKm . dUecñHvaCakarsMxan;

EdlRsþIRtUvkan;kab;muxtMENgsMxan;²enaH .

- RsþIGacBi)akkñúgkarbeBa©jeyabl;TaMgLay enAcMeBaHmuxshesvikCaburs. dUecñH KYrerobcM

RkumBiPakSaedayELksRmab;RsþInigsRmab;burs naM[karbeB©ajKMnitTaMgLayGacRbRBwtþ

eTAedayPaBeCOCak; RBmTaMgKankarrMxan . tMNagRkumnImYy² GaceLIgbgðajKMnitTaMgenH

dl;smaCikRkumFMedIm,IBiPakSa .

- KN³kmkarrbs;RsþI KYrRtUvbegáIteLIgenAkñúgsmaKmGaCIvkm edIm,IBiPakSabBaðananarbs;RsþI;

CashRKinTaMgLay nigbegáItdMeNaHRsay EdlGacGnuvtþeTA)an dUcCakarEfTaMkumarCaedIm

32


- Rkumrbs;RsþIPaKxøHGacmansmaCikCabursBIrbInak; RtUv)ancat;taMgsRmab;eFVIkarCak;lak;

EdlkargarenaHRsþIminGaceFVI)an edaymUlehtuvb,Fm’ nigsasna dUcCakargarF¶n;²

eFVIedayéd b¤EsVgrkTIpSarsRmab;plitpl EdlRtUveFVIenAqayBIpÞH .

- enAeBlmanRsþIcUlrYmkñúgkareFVIesckþIseRmc smaKmGaCIvkmKYrerobcMGgÁRbCMumYycMnYn

EdlKitKUrGMBIeBlevla nigTIkEnøg EdlgayRsYldl;karbMeBjkatBVkic©RKYsarrbs;BYkeK .

bursGaccUlrYm)anenAcugresol cMENkÉRsþIvijCajwkjab; ¬enAEtCakrNIenAkñúgRKYsar

PaKeRcInenARbeTskm<úCa ¦ kMBugEterobcMmðÚbGaharsMrab;RKYsar nigkargarpÞHenAeBlenaH.

- smaKmGaCIvkm Kb,Idak;bBa©ÚleTAkñúgrebobvar³bBaðarbs;RsþI dUcCakarEfTaMkumar snþisux

sMrab;RsþICaGñklk;enAtamcieB©aImfñl; nigviFIrYmbBa©ÚlnUvkarGPivDÆn_shRKasrbs;RsþI

nigkatBVkic©RKYsarrbs;BYkKat;. bBaðaTaMgenHRtUvcat;TukfaCaerOgsMxan; nigminRtUvdak;eTA

kñúgrebobvar³enAxagcugenaHeT. evTikarBiess² nigsikçasalaepSg²eTotKYrEterobcMeLIg .

- edayehtufa RsþImanGRtaGnkçrPaBx<s;CagbursenAtMbn;CnbTxøH smaKmGaCIvkmKb,IeFVI[

BitR)akdfa karR)aRs½yTak;TgedaypÞal;mat; KWCameFüa)aysMxan;énkarBiPakSabBaðanana .

viFIhVwkhVWnTaMgLay nigskmPaBRsedogKñamYycMnYn minKYrKb,IBwgEp¥kelIÉksarsresr

edayminsmrmüenaHeLIy . enAxN³enaHEdr karGb;rMGkçrkmKYrKb,ICMrujtamry³kmviFI

TaMgenaH eTaHbIRtUveFVIedaysmaKmGaCIvkm b¤edaykartP¢ab;eTAnwgkmviFIGkçrkmrbs;

rdæaPi)al b¤rbs;GgÁkareRkArdæaPi)al . Cakarl¥ kmviFIenHKYrRtUveFVIenATIsñak;karrbs;smaKm

GaCIvkm.

- kMeNInclnarbs;RsþIenAkñúgGaCIvkm bNþal[esdækic©mandMeNIrkareTAl¥ eRBaHfaenA

eBlbc©úb,nñenH RKYsarTaMgLayminGacBwgEp¥kEtelIGñkrkcMNUlciBa©wmRKYsarEtmñak;dUc

muneToteLIy . b:uEnþkarpøas;bþÚrenH Cajwkjab;bNþal[mankarlM)akCaeRcIndl;burs

EdlRtUvEtsRmbxøÜneTAnwgkaryl;dwgBItYnaTIburs EdlxusKñaRsLHBIyuKÁsm½y«Bukrbs;

BYkeK Etvak¾pþl;»kasl¥sRmab;burs² nigmanRbeyaCn_sRmab;smaKmGaCIvkm kñúgkar

sRmbsRmYl[RkumbursBiPakSaelIbBaðaenH .

33


34

krNIsikSa ³ RsþIkñúgsmaKmGaCIvkm

smaKm]sSahkmFuntUcnigmFümPñMeBjmansmaCik 102 nak; Edl 16 nak;CaRsþI .

smaCikRsþITaMgenHCYbRbTHnwgkarlM)akmYycMnYn edaysarPaBlMeGogBItYnaTIeynD½renAkñúg

RbeTskm<úCa. TImYy BYkeKmankarlM)akkñúgkarTMnak;TMngCamYysßab½ndéTeTot edaysarGñk

eFVIkarenATIenH PaKeRcInCaburs nigmankarriHKn;BIGñkdéT . TIBIrGaCIvkrCaburs rYmTaMgGñkenAkñúg

smaKmCamYyKña emIlRsaleTAelIsmtßPaBrbs;BYkKat; . eRkABIenH BYkeKmankareKobsgát;BI

sVamIrbs;BYkeK . ]TahrN_ BYkeKRtUvsYrsVamI enAeBleFVIkarRtUveFVIkarsMerccitþGMBIerOgGVImYy

EdlbursxøÜnÉgminEdlsaksYrPriyaxøÜnÉgeT .

35

mU:DulTI 7 ³ PaBCaGñkdwknaM

7>1> sar³sMxan;énPaBCaGñkdwknaMl¥

kardwknaMRtUv)aneK[niymn½yfa CadMeNIrkareRbI\Ti§BleTAelImnusS edIm,ICYyeGaykarxitxM

rbs;BYkeK QaneTAsMerceKaledACak;lak; .

kardwknaMnigkarRKb;RKg KWCakargarBIrepSgKña ³

- dwknaM KWCakarenABImuxedIm,IbgðajpøÚv dUcenHGñkdwknaMKWGñkENnaM b¤tRmg;TissMrab;Rkum

- karRKb;RKgKWCakarTTYlxusRtUvcMeBaHkic©karnanarbs;GgÁkar dUcenHGñkRKb;RKgKWCaGñkRtYt

Binitükic©karenAkñúgGgÁkar .

smaKmGaCIvkmxøHmanTaMgGñkdwknaM ¬CaRbFan ¦nigGñkRKb;RKg ¬GKÁelxaFikar¦EdlmantYnaTI

epSg²Kña . EtenAkñúgsmaKmxøHeTot kic©karTaMgBIrenHRtUv)aneKdak;bBa©ÚlKña . enHmann½yfa

GñkdwknaMRtUvEtmanCMnajRKb;RKg[)anrwgmaMEdr .

PaBeCaKC½yrbs;GgÁPaB shKmn_ nigGgÁPaBGaCIB KWBwgEp¥kelIGñkdwknaM . GñkdwknaM

EdlmanTMnak;TMngl¥ nigesaHRtg; eFVIeGaysmaCikmankarTukcitþKñaenAkñúgsmaKmrbs;BYkeK .

etIGñkdwknaMl¥ mancritlkçN³dUcemþcxøH? GñkdwknaMl¥KYr ³

- dwgerOglMGitBIGgÁPaB edayrab;TaMgesckþIRtUvkar nigeyabl;TaMgLayrbs;smaCik

- yl;BIbriyakasneya)ay sgÁm nigc,ab; Edlb:HBal;dl;smaCik

- EsVgrknigTTYl)ankarKaMRTBIxageRkA EdlGgÁPaBRtUvkar

- CaGñkenAmuxmYyCMhanénRBwtþikarN_TaMgLay edaymanEpnkarl¥ b:uEnþeFVIskmPaBPøam²enA

eBlmanPaBbnÞan; .

- ksagkarÉkPaBCaFøúgmYyenAkñúgGgÁPaB edaybgðajbBa¢ak;BITsSn³vis½yc,as;las;

énGnaKtrbs;xøÜn

- CaGñkmansmtßPaBedaHRsaybBaðanana nigeFVIkarseRmc

- eFVIkarTak;Tg)anl¥ ehIyelIkTwkcitþsmaCik nigbuKÁlik

- TTYlykkarTieTon nigeronsURtBIsmaCik

- CaGñkEdlsmaCikgayRsYleFVIkarTak;TgCamYy



karRKb;RKgrab;bBa©ÚlmuxgardUcxageRkam ³

- kareFVIesckþIseRmc ³ kareRCIserIsskmPaBmYyBIcMeNamCMerIsCaeRcIn .

- kaeerobcM ³ karerobcMrcnasm½<n§ nigkarEbgEckkargar .

- kareFVIEpnkar ³ karrMBwgTuksRmab;eBlGnaKt nigkarKitGMBIlT§PaBepSg²eTot .

- karRtYtBinitü ³ karvas;EvgkargareFobnwgktþabgðajCak;EsþgTaMgLay .

- karR)aRs½yTak;Tg ³ karbBa¢ÚnKMnit B½t’man nigkarENnaMedaymanRbsiT§PaB .

- kartRmg;TisedA karENnaM nigRtYtBinitüGñkeRkambgÁab; edIm,Ieq<aHeTArkeKaledArYm .

7>2> EbbbTepSg²enAkñúgkardwknaMeTaHbICaGñkdwknaMmñak;²manEbbbTepSg²Kña eyIgGacbgðajPaBxusEbøkKñarvagEbbbTdwknaMBIr

y:agKW ³ EbbbTdwknaMeTAtamfananuRkm nigEbbbTdwknaMedayykcitþTukdak;sMxan;eTAelImnusS .

CaTUeTA EbbbTdwknaMedayykcitþTukdak;sMxan;eTAelImnusS manGtßRbeyaCn_CaeRcIn . vaCYy

eFVI[smaCikrbs;smaKmmanGarmN_fa smaKmCarbs;eK nigmankMlaMgcitþkñúgkarcUlrYmnUvGVI

EdleKGaceFVI)an . GñkdwknaMEdleRbIR)as;EbbbTdwknaMeTAtamfananuRkm EtgEtbegáItbriyakas

mYy EdleFVI[mnusSeFVIkareTAtamkarbBa¢a CaCagkarKitKUrcMeBaHxøÜnÉg .

GñkdwknaMEdll¥ manPaBbt;Ebn nigecHeRbIEbbbTdwknaMmYyNa EdlsmRsbeTAtamsßanPaB .

]TahrN_ dUcCaenAkñúgsßanPaBbnÞan; eKRtUvpøas;bþÚrBIEbbbTdwknaMedayykcitþTukdak;sMxan;

eTAelImnusS mkeRbIR)as;EbbbTdwknaMeTAtamfananuRkmvij .

36

EbbbTdwknaMeTAtamfananuRkm

sgát;F¶n;eTAelIkareFVI[sMerceKaledA - edayminxVay

xVl;GMBIGVIepSg . GñkdwknaMmanTMenarkñúgkareFVIesckþI

eTAtamfananuRkm nigeFVIkartamEbbBIelIcuHeRkam .

EbbbTdwknaMedayykcitþTuk

dak;sMxan;eTAelImnusS

ykcitþTukdak;eTAelIkarelIkTwkcitþmnusS kargarCa

Rkum nigeFVIesckþIsMercdaymankarcUlrYmBIRkum


7>3> bBaðaCak;lak;énPaBCaGñkdwknaM

bTBiesaFn_rbs;smaKmGaCIBenAkñúgbNþaRbeTsmYycMnYn bgðajfa³

- GñkdwknaMTaMgLayNa EdlCitditeBkCamYyrdæaPi)al minGacrkSasV½yPaBrbs;smaKm)aneT

enAeBldUcKñaenHEdr vaCakarsMxan;kñúgkareRCIserIsGñkdwknaMmñak; EdlGacTTYlykBIGñkBak;B½n§

sMxan;² edayrab;bBa©ÚlTaMgbuKÁlikrdæaPi)alpgenaH. kareRCIserIsGñkdwknaMmñak; EdlCabuKÁlik

rdæaPi)alGacbegáIt[manTMnas;plRbeyaCn_ ehIysmaKmRbEhlCaGackøayCaGgÁPaB

rNb[rdæ EdlRtUvRbKl;PaBesaHRtg;[rdæaPi)al . kñúgkrNIEdlRtUvkarCMnajrbs;BYkeK

vamanPaBRbesIrCagkñúgkar[BYkeK eFVVITIRbwkSaeGayKN³kmkar ¬b¤manmuxtMENglMdab;TIBIr

beNþaHGasnñ[GgÁPaBenH ¦ .

- GñkdwknaMxøH)ankøayCaGñkmanGMNacxøaMg ehIybnÞab;mkGgÁPaBenHRtUvBwgEp¥kelIKat; . karN_

enHtRmUv[mankarEckrMElkkarTTYlxusRtUv nigelIkTwkcitþGñkEdlmanskþanuBlPaBCa

GñkdwknaM .

- GgÁPaBxøHEdlmansmaCikPaBPaKeRcInCaRsþI manbursCaGñkdwknaM . GgÁPaBenaHKYrelIkTwkcitþ

TaMgRsþInigburs eq<aHeTArkkarTTYlxusRtUvelIPaBCaGñkdwknaM RbsinebIcaM)ac;KYrsRmYleBl

evlaGgÁRbCMuTaMgLay edIm,ItRmUvtamesckþIRtUvkarnanarbs;RsþI .

- mnusSEdlman\T§Bil dUcCaGñkdwknaMtamRbéBNIenAtammUldæan mincaM)ac;køayCaGñkdwknaM

smaKmeLIy . BYkeKGacedIrtYnaTIxagkarKaMRTsIlFm’ nigesckþIéføfñÚr nigRtUvesñI[cUlrYm

enAeBlNa EdlmankrNIvibtþi b¤CaEpñkmYyénkareFVIesckIþseRmcCapøÚvkard¾sMxan;mYy .

smaKmGaCIvkmmYyKYrmanRkumGñkdwknaM EdlRtUv)ancat;taMgeLIg nigmankarTTYlxusRtUv

edayELk²BIKña edayEp¥kelIsmtßPaBnigplRbeyaCn_bMeBj[KñaeTAvijeTAmk . enARbeTskm<úCa

GñkEdl)anTTYlkareKarBenAkñuúgshKmn_ ehIymankarebþCJacMeBaHsmaKm Cajwkjab;RtUveRCIstaMg

CaGñkdwknaM. CaerOy² mnusSRbePTenHRtUv)aneRCIserIsBIcMeNamGñkdwknaMshRKin rdækarsIuvil

EdlcUlnivtþn_ b¤GñkCMnajkarEdlmanbTBiesaFn_ .

37

38


mU:DulTI 8 ³ karR)aRs½yTak;Tg

8>1> karR)aRs½yTak;TgEdlmanRbsiT§PaB

karR)aRs½yTak;TgKWCakarEsVgyl;. karR)aRs½yTak;TgenAkñúgGgÁkar nigkarTMnak;TMngCamYy

édKUxageRkA EdlmanRbsiT§PaB KWCaktþad¾caM)ac;sMrab;PaBeCaKC½yenAkñúgsmaKm. karR)aRs½y

Tak;Tg manBIrRbePT ³

karTMnak;TMngépÞkñúg³ karTMnak;TMngenAkñúgsmaKm . RKb;EpñkénsmaKmGaCIvkm³ GñkRKb;RKgbuKÁlik

nigsmaCikRtUvkarEckrMElknUvkaryl;dwgrYmKñaGMBIeKaledA EdlsmaKmn_kMBuge)aHCMhaneTA nigGVI

EdlRtUvGnuvtþedIm,IsMerceKaledAenaH .

TMnak;TMngxageRkA³ kareFVITMnak;TMngenAeRkAsmaKm . smaKmRtUvkarpSBVpSayBITsSn³ nigesvakm

rbs;BYkeKenAkñúgsgÁm nigshKmn_ . sMxan;CagenHeTAeTot eKRtUvpSBVpSayGMBIcMNab;GarmN_rYm

nig tMrUvkarrbs;smaCik eTAdl;GñkBak;Bn½§sMxan;² .

karR)aRs½yTak;TgmanFatu 2 sMxan; ³ karbBa¢Ún nigkarTTYl . vaCadMeNIrkarEdlmanTisedA 2

sMrab;[GñkbBa¢Ún nigGñkTTYlsareFVIkarCamYyKña . karR)aRs½yTak;Tgl¥ekItmaneLIg KWenAeBlEdl

GñkTTYlyl;)annUvxøwmsarTaMgRsug .

GñkbBa¢ÚnsarRtUv ³

- KitGMBIGVI EdleKcg;eFVIkarR)aRs½yTak;Tg

- bBa¢ÚnxøwmsareTAtamviFINaEdlc,as; gayyl;

- RtYtBinitüemIlfaetIGñkTTYlsar)anyl;c,as;ehIyb¤enA

- kuMeFVIkarsnñidæan

GñkbBa¢Ún sar GñkTTYl


GñkTTYlsarRtUv ³

- ykcitþTukdak;

- kuMRbjab;eFVIkarsnñídæan

- sYrsMnYr edIm,IbBa¢ak;eTAelIxøwmsar

- RtYtBinitüemIlfaetIeK)anyl;sar)anTaMgRsugehIyb¤enA

GñkTTYlsarviPaKsar edayEp¥kelITsSn³nigbTBiesaFn_CIvitrbs;xøÜn EdlxusEbøkBITsSn³ nig

bTBiesaFn_rbs;GñkbBa¢Únsar dUecñHGñkTaMgBIrenHRtUvEtepþatkarykcitþTukdak;eTAelIkaryl;dwgrYm.

kalNaGñkTTYlsar)anyl;dwgGMBIGtßn½yrbs;sar)ankan;Etc,as; enaHTMnas;nigkaryl;RcLMman

kan;Ettic ehIyeKalbMNgénkarR)aRs½yTak;Tgk¾)ansMerc .

RbPB ³ GgÁkar FAO esovePAFnFansMrab;GnþrRkum ³ karENnaMsMrab;begáItsmaKmksikrtUc² nigbNþajkargar

39

kareRbIR)as;EbbTxusEbøkKñasMrab;eFVIkarR)aRs½yTak;Tg

eTaHbICasmaCikTaMgGs;manvb,Fm’dUcKñak¾eday BYkeKGacmanviFIxusEbøkKñakñúgkarTMnak;

TMng . erOgenHkan;EtBiess edaysarsmaKmmansmaCikCaRsþI nigburs . mnusSxøHmankarxas;

eGon nigsuPaBTn;Pøn; ehIyGñkxøHeTotniyaykat;eK nigniyayxøaMg² .

enAeBlEdlsmaCikeRbIR)as;EbbbTR)aRs½yTak;TgxusEbøkKñadUcenH CaerOy²BYkeKmankar

yl;RcLMBIKña . GVIEdlmnusSmñak;RKan;EtelIkCasMeNI Etvahak;dUcCakarbBa¢asMrab;mnusSmñak;

eTot . GñkxøHyl;fakars¶at;es¶omrbs;smaCikmñak; KWCakaryl;Rsb EttamkarBitGñkEdl

s¶at;es¶om kMBugEtxwgsm,ar nigminÉkPaB .

EbbbTxusEbøkKñaTaMgenH GaceFVI[mankic©RbCuMKanlkçN³RbCaFibetyü . smaCikxøHEdl

niyaykat;eK nigniyaycM² b¤mYyKit)anelOn RKbsgát;eTAelIsmaCikdéTeTot Edlman

karRbugRbytñ½kñúgkarniyay . CalT§pl GñkEdlman\T§iBl GacTTYlplRbeyaCn_eRcInbMput

GMBIkarsMercrbs;smaKm .

GñkdwknaMKYrbBa¢ak;R)ab;smaCikTaMgGs; GMBIsarHsMxan;énkarpþl;»kas[)anesI²Kña nig

RbkbedayyutþiFm’ eTA[smaCikTaMgGs;enAkñúgGgÁRbCuM . elIsBIenHeTAeTot eCaKC½yrbs;

smaKmTamTar[mankarebþCJacitþx<s;BIRKb;smaCikTaMgGs; minEmnEtBIGñkEdlniyayeRcInb:u

eNÑaHeT. dUcenHkargarrbs;GñksMrbsMrYlkic©RbCuM KWeRbobdUcCaGñkGaCJakNþalenAkñúgkILa)al;

Tat; KWeFVI[R)akdfakILaRbRBwtþeTAedayyutþiFm’ . ebIsinCakILaenHminyutþiFm’eT enaHsma

CiknwgEsVgrkGaCJakNþalEdll¥CagenH ¡


8>2> ]bs½KÁkñúgkarR)aRs½yTak;Tg

eTaHbICamnusSPaKeRcIndwgfa eKRtUvkarkarR)aRs½yd¾l¥enAkñúgsmaKmGaCIvkm EtCaerOy²

vamin)anekIteLIgeT . enHedaysarfavamanGVImYyenA)aMgpøÚv EdleKcat;faCa : ]bs½KÁ : ehIyvaCa

GñkEdleFVImin[sarqøgkat;)an . GñkbBa¢ÚnsarGacKitfa eK)anbBa¢ÚnsarrYcehIy b:uEnþGñkTTYlsar

minTan;)anTTYlvaeT .

vamansarHsMxan;kñúgkaryl;dwgGMBI]bs½KÁ edIm,I[eK)ansÁal;enAeBlEdlvaekIteLIg ehIy

GacedaHRsay)anedayRbsiT§PaB . bBaðamYycMnYn EdleK)ankMNt;faCa]bs½KÁ enAkñúgkarR)aRs½y

Tak;Tg man ³

- Pasa rYmTaMgPasatamtMbn;EdlGñksþab;Gt;yl;

- fan³kñúgsgÁm

- lM)akcMeBaHTIkEnøg - sMelgG‘UGr

- eBlevlaminRKb;RKan;

- briyakasminl¥

- bBaðaeynDr½

- vb,Fm’xusKña

- eKalbMNg nigkarrMBwgTukxusKña

- Pasakayvikar

- karrMxan

40

]bs½KÁ

sar


eRkAGMBIbBaðaxagelIenH enAmanbBaðaepSg²eTotTak;Tgnwgkarsþab; EdleFVI[eyIgTTYlsarmin

)anc,as;³

mþgsþab;mþgQb;³ mnusSPaKeRcInKitelOnCagkarniyay 4 dg . enHmann½yfa Gñksþab;enA

sl;eBl ¾kñúgmYynaTI ¬CaeBlTMenr¦sMrab;karsþab; 1naTI . CYnkalGñksþab;Elgsþab;kñúgeBl ¾

enH ehIyEbrCaKiterOgepSgeTAvij ehIyxkxanmin)ansegátemIlB½t’mantamry³kayvikar nig

BaküsMdI . Gñksþab;GacbeBa©osbBaðaenH)an edayykcitþTukdak;eTAelIBaküeBCn_[)aneRcIn nigBinitü

emI;leTAelIkayvikarPasadéTeTot ¬karsÞak;esÞIr nigkayvikarédeCIg¦ .

BaküeBCn_Edlb:HBal;dl;GarmN_ ³ sMrab;GñkxøH BaküeBCn_mYycMnYnGaceFVI[manRbtikmpøÚvcitþ .

enA eBlsþab;B¤BaküTaMgenaH ¬dUcCa kuMmúynIsþ GMeBIBukrlYy RsI¦ BYkeK)ak;Twkcitþ ehIyQb;sþab; .

eyIgElgmankarTak;TgCamYyGñkbBa¢Únsar ehIybraC½ykñúgkarEsVgyl; . CMhandMbUgedIm,IykQñH

elIbBaðaenH KWeyIgRtUvdwgfa BaküNaxøHEdlb:HBal;GarmN_rbs;eyIgCabuKÁl ehIyBüayambnþsþab;

edayebIkcitþ [TUlay enAeBlEdlBaküTaMgenaHRtUv)aneKeRbI .

qab;;eFVIkarsnñidæan ³ CYnkal eyIgeFVIkarsMercPøam²fa RbFanbTEdleKkMBugniyay manlkçN³KYr[

FujRTan; minBak;Bn½§ b¤k¾Kann½ysMrab;eyIg ehIyk¾Qb;sþab;eTA . CaerOy² eyIgeFVIkarsnñidæanGMBIGVI

EdlGñkniyaynwgelIkeLIg ehIyetIkarbBa©b;manlkçN³y:agdUcemþc ehIyk¾sMercfamin)ac;sþab;dl;cug

bBa©b;eT BIeRBaHeyIgnwgmin)andwgGVIfIeLIy . vaCakarRbesIrCagebIsinCaeyIgebIkcitþ[TUlay

sþab;edIm,IsikSaemIlfaetIvaCakarBit b¤Gt; .

eFVIButCasþab; ³ CYlkaleyIgemIleTAhak;bICaeyIgkMBugsþab; EttamkarBiteyIgmin)ansþab;eT . pÞúy

eTAvij eyIgkMBugEtRsémGMBIGVImYy . eTaHbICaeyIgxMsMlwgemIleTAGñkniyay EtTwkmuxrbs;eyIg

kMBugEtRsémGMBIerOgepSg GñkniyayGacdwgfaeyIgGt;sþab;eT . ebIsinCaeyIgdwgfaeyIgkMBugyl;

subinþTaMgeBléf¶ b¤mYyk¾GñkCaGñkbBa¢Únsar ehIyemIleXIjfaGñksþab;kMBugEteFVIButCasþab;

KYrEteFVIsMNUmBr[mankarsMrak b¤ pøas;bþÚrbriyakas .

Bi)akeBk minGaccab;)an ³ CYnkal eyIgsMerccitþfaRbFanbTBi)akeBksMrab;eyIg ehIyQb;sþab;

eTA . enAeBlEdleyIgsþab;erOgGVImYy EdlsúRKsaj eyIgRtUvEtxitxMtamdan nigEsVgyl;GMBIGVIEdl

eKkMBugniyay . ebIeyIgBi)akyl; GñkepSg²eTotk¾RbEhlCaGBa©wgEdr . ebIeyIgenAkñúgRkumNamYy

eyIgGacCYyGñkepSg nigxøÜnGñk)an edayesñIsuM[mankarbBa¢ak;[)anc,as; edayman]TahrN_

CamYypg .

xJMúmineCO ³ mnusSmincg;[eKbdiesFnUvGVI EdlCakareBjcitþ TsSn³ nigPaBlMeGogrbs;xøÜneT . dUcenH

enAeBlEdlGñkniyayelIkeLIgBIGVIEdlRbqaMgnwgKMnit b¤CMenOrbs;eyIg eyIgGacQb;sþab;eday

41


mindwgxøÜn b¤mYymanGarmN_faeKbeBa¢aH[xøÜn ehIyeFVIEpnkarRbqaMgtbt . CMhanTI 1 edIm,ITb;sáat;

bBaðaEbbenHKWRtUvyl;dwgBIPaBlMeGog nigTsSn³rbs;xøÜn ehIydak;vaTukenAmYyduM eTIbeyIgGac

ebIkcitþ[TUlaykñúgkarsþab; . eBlenaHeyIgGacyl;dwgxøwmsar)anl¥RbesIr ehIyeqøIytby:agman

RbsiT§PaB .

8>3> viFIeFVI[karR)aRs½yTak;Tgkan;EtRbesIreLIg

CMnYyxøH²sRmab;eFIV[meFüa)ayTMnak;TMngenAkñúgsmaKmkan;EtRbesIr ³

- EbgEckRBwtþb½RtEdlmanB½t’mansMxan;² eTA[smaCikedaypÞal;

- begáItRbBn½§mYysMrab;smaCikkñúgkarbeBa©jeyabl; b¤karkgVl;epSg² edIm,IeFVI[Rbtibtþikar

GaCIvkmrbs;smaKmkan;EtmanPaBRbesIreLIg

- EckrMElkB½t’man CaBiessB½t’manGMBIhirBaØvtßú [)anTan;eBleTA[smaCikRKb;²Kña

- erobcMkic©RbCuMxøI²[)aneTogTat;

- enAkñúgkic©RbCuMTaMgenH RtUveFVI[R)akdfasmaCikmñak;²yl;BIkic©BiPakSa ÉkPaB nigcUlrYm

CMnYyxøH²sRmab;eFIV[karTMnak;TMngrvagsmaKm nigGñkxageRkAkan;EtRbesIr ³

- e)aHBum<esovePAtUc Edlniyayy:agsegçbGMBIsmaKm nigmanB½t’manGMBIRbeyaKebskkm

eKalbMNg nig esvakmrbs;smaKm

- eRbIR)as;RbBn½§pSBVpSaymYycMnYndUcCa kaEst viTüú nigTUrTsSn_

- e)aHBum<r)aykarN_hirBaØvtßúCUndl;GñkBak;Bn½§Edlcab;GarmN_

- kþab;yk»kaskñúgkarksagTMnak;TMngCamYyGgÁkarepSg² enAeBleTAcUlrYmRbCuMsikçasala

nigkartaMgBiBN’nana

8>4> karerobcMGgÁRbCMu

karRbCMu KWenAeBlNaEdlmnusSBIr b¤eRcInKñamkCYbCMuKña edIm,Ipþl; nigTTYlB½t’man EckrMElk

KMnitBiPakSaBIbBaðananaEdlb:HBal;dl;eK b¤edIm,IeFVIkarseRmccitþnana . GgÁRbCMuKWCaEpñkd¾sMxan;mYy

énkarcUlrYmrbs;smaCik nigCaBiess sRmab;karGnuvtþn_lT§iRbCaFibetyü . eKeRbIR)as;eBlevla

CaeRcInenAkñúgCIvitsmaKmGaCIvkm. dUecñHCakarsMxan; KWRtUveRbIeBlevlaGgÁRbCMuenH[manRbeyaCn_

bMput .

smaCikTaMgLaycg;)ankarRbCMumYy EdlmaneKalbMNgc,as;las; niglT§plkñúgkarseRmc

citþc,as;las; .

42


CMhankñúgkarcat;EcgGgÁRbCMu

CMhanTI 1 ³ karerobcMGgÁRbCMu

skmPaBmYycMnYnEdlRtUverobcMmunkic©RbCuMman ³

- seRmcGMBIeKalbMNgénkic©RbCMu . etIkarRbCMuenHerobcMedIm,Ipþl;B½t’mandl;smaCikb¤ ? b¤CakarRbmUl

B½t’man ? CakarBiPakSabBaðaBiessNamYy ? edIm,IseRmcfa etIRtUvGnuvtþskmPaBy:agNa ?

- begáIteKalbMNg EdlmanlkçN³ Specific Cak;lak;

Measurable Gacvas;Evg)an

Attainable Edl)anseRmc)an

Realisable manPaBR)akdniym

Time Limited kMNt;eBlevlac,as;las;

- eRCIserIsmnusS[RtUvsRmab;cUlrYmRbCMu ³ GñkEdlmancMENkkñúgkarBiPakSa nigGñkEdlGacTTYl

nigbBa¢ÚnB½t’man)aneTAkan;GñkdéT)an .

- etIeBlNasmrmübMputsRmab;RsþIk¾dUcCaburs ? etITIkEnøgNaEdlsmrmüsRmab;karRbCMu

manlT§PaBGaceFVIeTA)ans¶at; nigmansmÖar³CMnYyRKb;RKan; .

- seRmcfaGñkNanwgdwknaM b¤eFVICaRbFanGgÁRbCMu ehIyGñkNaCaGñksresrkMNt;ehtu .

- erobcMrebobvar³sRmab;karRbCMu ehIybBa©ÚlRbFanbTTaMgGs;sRmab;BiPakSa

- epJIrlixitGeBa¢Ij EdlmanbBa¢ak;c,as;las;BIeKalbMNgrbs;GgÁRbCMu RbFanbTEdlnwgRtUv

BiPakSa eBlevla nigTIkEnøgRbCMu viFIrkTIkEnøgRbCMu nigGVIEdleKRtUvykCab;mkCamYy .

CMhanTI 2 ³ karRbRBwtþieTAénGgÁRbCMu

- eRCIserIsGñksRmbsRmYl EdlmanTMnak;TMngl¥ nigGacsþab;Kña)an .

- erobcMbnÞb; ³ erobekAGICargVg;mUl edIm,IbgálkçN³gayRsYldl;karBiPakSaKñaedaycMh ehIy

GnuBaØat[GñkepSgeTotGacemIleXIjnrNamñak;kMBugniyay edaymincaM)ac;gakemIlCMuvijenaHeT .

- eFVI[R)akdRbCafaGñksRmbsRmYl nigGñkcUlrYmTaMgGs;)aneFVIkarENnaM[sÁal;Kña .

- ebIkkarBiPakSa nigpþl;nUvB½t’mansMxan;² edayc,as;las; .

- Bnül;BIrebobvar³ nigesñIsMukarÉkPaBeTAelIRbFanbT niglMdab;lMedayénkarBiPakSa .

- ebIcaM)ac; Ganr)aykarN_RbCMuelIkmun ehIyesñIsMukarÉkPaBelIrebobvar³rbs;GgÁRbCMuenaH .

- ENnaMkarBiPakSa nigeFVI[R)akdRbCafaRKb;²Kña GaccUlrYmehIyKannrNamñak;dak;sm<aFelI

karBiPakSaenaHeLIy .

- FanafamankarÉkPaBKñaelIlT§plRbFanbTnImYy² . BüayamQan[dl;karseRmccitþeday

semøgÉkcä½nÞ b¤edaykare)aHeqñat . etIRtUvRbmUlB½t’manbEnßmedayrebobNa RbsinebIGñkcUlrYm

minmanB½t’manRKb;RKan;sRmab;QaneTArkkarseRmc)anl¥ .

43


CMhanTI 3 ³ karbBa©b;GgÁRbCMu

- BiinitükarseRmccitþsMxan;²eLIgvij RBmTaMgEpnkarskmPaB

- cat;EcgmnusS[TTYlParkic© EdlnwgRtUvGnuvtþ ehIyerobcMeBlevla nigkMNt;eBlkargar

- esñIsMucemøIytbGMBIkarRbCMuenaH

- esñIsMukarÉkPaBGMBIkarRbCMueBleRkayeTot

CMhanTI 4 ³ r)aykarN_RbCMu

- rYmman ³ eQaHrbs;GgÁPaB Edl)anGeBa¢Ij[cUlrYmRbCMu eKalbMNg TIkEnøg éf¶ Ex qñaM nigem:ag

eBlRbCMu ehIynigbBa¢IeQaHGñkcUlrYm .

- erobrab;karseRmccitþepSg²Edl)aneFVI nigktþasMxan;² énakarBiPakSaEdlnaM[mankarseRmcenaH .

44

45

m:UDulTI 9 ³ karseRmccitþelIesvakmnana rbs;smaKmGaCIvkm

9>1> esvakmTUeTAEdlsmaKmGaCIkmpþl;CUnsmaCikxøÜn

GñkdwknaMsmaKmGaCIvkmRtUvEtEsVgyl;GMBItMrUvkaresvakmnana EdlsmaCikxøÜnRtUvkar

edIm,IBRgIkGaCIvkmrbs;BYkeK . smaKmEdlpþl;esvakmeRcInRbePT nwgkøayCaGgÁPaBd¾súRKsaj

mYy ehIysmaCikTaMgLaycaM)ac;RtUvyl;dwg nigKaMRTbuKÁliksmaKm edIm,IeqøIytbeTAnwgtRmUvkar

nana .

esvasMxan;²EdlsmaKmTMagLayCaFmtaseRmcpþl;CUnsmaCikxøÜn KW ³

1> esvanana EdlCYyGPivDÆn_GaCIvkmrbs;smaCik

2> skmPaBTaMgLay EdlelIkkm<s; nigkarBarplRbeyaCn_smaCik

3> sRmbsRmYleTAelIskmPaBGaCIvkmrbs;smaCik

4> esvanana EdleqøIytbesckþIRtUvkarsgÁmrbs;smaCik

1/ ]TahrN_BIesvakmnanaEdlCYyGPivDÆGaCIvkmrbs;smaCik

- RbmUl nigEckrMElkB½t’manTIpSar

- esvapþl;eyabl;nigkarGPivDÆn_GaCIvkm

- karGb;rM nigkarbNþúHbNþal

- kmviFIsikSaTIpSarrYmKña ¬]TahrN_ BiBN’BaNiC¢km¦

- TijsMPar³ b¤vtßúepSg²rYmKña

- lk;plitplrYmKña

- karRKb;RKgrYmKñaeTAelIeRKOg]bkrN_ b¤GaKarGaCIvkm

- KaMRT[smaCikmanlT§PaBeRbIR)as;esvahirBaØvtßú

2/ ]TahrN_BIskmPaBTaMgLayEdlelIkkm<s; nigkarBarplRbeyaCn_smaCik

- karbBa©úHbBa©Úl nigkarts‘Umti

- karBiPakSaCamYyPñak;garrdæaPi)aledIm,IkarBarplRbeyaCn_Rsbc,ab;nanarbs;shRKas

3> ]TahrN_BIkarsRmbsRmYleTAelIskmPaBGaCIvkmrbs;smaCik

- karkMNt;tMél

m:UDulTI 9 ³ karseRmccitþelIesvakmnanarbs;smaKmGaCIvkm


- karkMNt;sþg;darKuNPaB nigpøaksMKal;

- karBinitüemIlsmtßPaBplit

- karkMNt;sþg;darsuvtßiPaB

4/ ]TahrN_BI esvananaEdleqøIytbesckþIRtUvkarsgÁmrbs;smaCik

- skmPaBsgÁm

- karFanar:ab;rgsgÁm ¬]/ Fanar:ab;rgsuxPaB¦

9>2> karseRmcelIesvakmnanarbs;smaKmGaCIvkm

smaKmGaCIvkmminGacsgÇwmfanwgedaHRsayral;bBaðaTaMgGs;rbs;smaCik)aneLIy . smtßPaB

RKb;RKgnighirBaØvtßúrbs;xøÜnEtgmanRBMEdnkMNt; ehIyeKRtUvEsVgrkCeRmIsmYycMnYn edIm,IseRmc

eTAelIesvakmGVIxøH EdlGacpþl;CUnsmaCik)an .

muneBlseRmc faetIesvakmGVIxøHEdlRtUvpþl;CUnsmaCik smaKmKYrEt ³

Ep¥keTAelIcMelIyBIsMnYrxagelIenH smaKmGaCIvkmGacsMerccitþ ³

- eFVIEpnkarlMGitsMrab;Gnuvtþ

- lHbg;ecalKMerag

- shkarCamYysmaKmédKUdéTeTot b¤k¾CamYyrdæaPi)al edIm,IGnuvtþskmPaB

- crcarCamYyédKU edIm,ITuk[smaCiksmaKm)a:n;RbmaNesvakm nigskmPaBrbs;eK

46


rUbmnþTUeTAmYyKWfa vamanPaBRbesIrCagkñúgkarepþatykcitþeTAelIskmPaBEtmYy b¤ BIr bI

ehIypþl;plRbeyaCn_[smaCik)anBitR)akd CaCagkarpþl;esvaeRcIn b:uEnþmanKuNPaBGn; .

9>3> kRmiténkarGnuvtþn_ skmPaBxøHGacerobcM)anl¥bMputenAtMbn;Citxag cMENkÉskmPaBdéTeTotRtUverobcMenAkñúg

smaKmGaCIvkmTaMgmUl b¤k¾enAkRmitfñak;Cati RbesIrCag . vaGaRs½yeTAelI ³

- etIskmPaBGVIxøH EdlcaM)ac;edIm,Ipþl;nUvGtßRbeyaCn_nana

- etIsmaCikxøÜneKpÞal;mankarCab;Tak;TinkRmitNaEdlcaM)ac; b¤b:unb:gpþl;esvakm ]TahrN_

karRKb;RKgeRKOg]bkrN_Edl)ancUlh‘unKña .

- TItaMgb¤k¾TMhMénédKUesdækic© ³ etImanGñkpÁt;pÁg;enAmUldæaneRcInKña b¤manEtRkumh‘unFMmYyeT

EdlnaMcUlplitplBIbreTs?

- etIRtUveFVIkarseRmccitþenAkRmitNa ³ fñak;Catib¤kRmitmUldæan? ¬enHCakarsMxan;BiesscMeBaH

skmPaBbBa©úHbBa©Úl nigkarts‘Umti¦

- esah‘uyRbtibtþikarnigRtYtBinitü ³ etIkarR)aRs½yTak;TgEdlgayRsYl ehIymantémø

efakmanenAkRmitNa ? etIenAkRmitNa EdlvagaybMput edIm,IRtYtBinitü b¤RKb;RKgskmPaB

TaMgenH ?

]TahrN_ ³

- ebIsinCaeFVIkarseRmcsþIBIkareRbIR)as;dIFøI RtUv)aneFVIedayrdæaPi)alkñúgkRmitmUldæan dUecñH

vaCakMritmYy EdlsmaKmGaCIvkmcaM)ac;RtUverobcMkarbBa©úHbBa©Úl ]TahrN_karbegáIttMbn;

]sSahkm sRmab;shRKasFuntUc .

- ynþkarsamKÁIPaBenATINa EdlmanGñkKaMRTKñaeTAvijeTAmk kñúgkrNIEdlmanbBaðaekIteLIg

edayminGacKitTuk)andUcCa mrN³PaB GKÁIP½y .l. CakarRbesIrbMput RtUverobcMenAkñúg

kMritmUldæan EdlcMNayelIRbtibtþikar nigesah‘uyRtYtBinitü]b,tþiehtu mankRmitTab .

47


enATINaEdlsmaKmGaCIvkmtUceBk b¤k¾BwgEp¥kelIsßanPaBmUldæaneBk eKGaccUlrYmCamYy

smaKmGaCIvkmdéTeTot ehIybegáItCaEpñkmYyedayELk b:uEnþrYmKñaenAkñúgGgÁPaBEtmYy man

RTg;Tay CashkrN_ edIm,IGnuvtþskmPaB .

9>4> kareFVIkic©snüa[GñkxageRkA Cajwkjab; smaKmGaCIvkmEtgEtykcitþTukdak;pþl;esvakm[)aneRcIn b:uEnþBMumanFnFan

fvika nigFnFanmnusScaM)ac; sMrab;Gnuvtþ)anenaHeT . CaerOy² GgÁkardéTeTot GacbMeBjkic©kar

dUcKñaenH)an ehIymanTMnak;TMngl¥CagenHEfmeTotpg . kñúgkrNIEbbenH KWvaCakarRbesIr

CagkñúgkareFVIkic©snüa[eTAGñkeRkA .

enAeBlEdlsmaKmmYycg;eFVIkic©snüa[GñkeRkA GnuvtþskmPaBb¤pþl;esvakm smaKmRtUvEt ³

- mandMeNIrkareRCIserIs[)anl¥sRmab;buKÁl b¤GgÁPaBnana Edlnwgpþl;[nUvesvakm . RtYt

BinitüemIlCeRmIsepSgKña saksYreyabl;BIGñkdéT ekaHGeBa¢Ij edIm,IeFVIkaredjéfø .

- BinitüKuNPaBesvakm Edl)anpþl;[edayPaKITIbI nigkRmiténkarTTYlykesvakm

BIsmaCiksmaKmGaCIvkm .

- BinitüemIl[)anditdl;elIesah‘uyénesvakm Edl)anesñIeLIg . etIsmaCikGaccMNaykñúg

cMnYnenHEdreT? etIGaceFVIeTA)aneT ebIbEnßmnUvkRmitcMnYntUc edIm,ITuksRmab;TUTat;

eTAelIcMNayrdæ)alrbs;smaKmGaCIvkm ?

kic©snüarvagsmaKmGaCIvkm nigPaKITIbI KYrerobrab;[)anc,as;BIkatBVkic©énPaKTaMgBIr ³ etIesva

kmRtUvpþl;CUnjwkjab;b:uNÑaEdr KuNPaBGb,brmarbs;va smtßPaBrbs;mnusS Edlnwgpþl;esvakm

enaH témøEdlRtUvcMNayedaysmaCik ¬edaypÞal;b¤tamry³smaKmGaCIvkm¦ GMLúgeBlénkic©snüa

nig ynþkarénkarRtYtBinitü nigTMnak;TMng .

GacmanesvakmmYycMnYn EdlsmaKmGaCIvkmminpþl;edayxøÜnÉgpÞal; nigminmanbMNgeFVIkic©

snüa[eTAGñkeRkACapøÚvkar eRBaHfacMnYnsmaCiktictYceBkEdlRtUvkar ¬dUcCaRbePTB½t’manBitR)akd

bec©keTs b¤karpþl;esvakm¦ . kñúgkrNIenH smaKmGacEsVgrkFnFanEdlRbesIrbMputenaH ehIy

bnÞab;mk ENnaMbgðajdl;smaCikTaMgGs; .

9>5> CMbUnñanGaCIvkm nigkarRbwkSaeyabl; tRmUvkarjwkjab;rbs;shRKastUc² KWdMbUnan nigkarENnaM TaMgEpñkbec©keTs nigkargar

rdæ)al. smaKmBaNiC¢kmGacbegáItRkumBieRKaHeyabl;tUcmYy edIm,Ipþl;dMbUnandl;smaCikmñak;²

B½t’man nigedaHRsaybBaðaepSg² . Ep¥keTAelItMrUvkarrbs;smaCiknana EpñkRbwkSaeyabl;Gac

epþateTAelIesvamYy b¤ BIrdUcxageRkamen³ ³

48


karpþl;dMbUnanEpñkc,ab; ³ shRKastUc² RtUvkarB½t’manEpñkc,ab;epSg²Kña ³ rebobcuHeQaHRkum

h‘un rebobbMeBjkatBVkic©CanieyaCk rebobTTYl)ankarGnuBaØatBIrdæaPi)almUldæan nigfñak;Cati

rebobsresrkic©snüa nigrebobedaHRsayTMnas;BaNiC¢kmrvagsmaCiknana nigPaKITIbI .

smaKmGaCIvkmGacRbmUlB½t’mansMxan;²TaMgGs; ehIyhVwkhVWndl;smaCikbuKÁlikNamñak;

rbs;xøÜn edIm,IbBa¢ÚnbnþeTAsmaCikdéT²eTot b¤k¾GacerobcMCaFnFanEpñkc,ab; dUcCaGñkCMnaj

karelIvis½yNamYyénc,ab;.

dMbUnanEpñkhirBaØvtßúnigrdæ)al ³ shRKastUc² Cajwkjab;RtUvkardMbUnaneTAelIerOgr:avCaeRcIn

dUcCakarcuHbBa¢I Bn§dar nigkargarhirBaØvtßú . Gñkpþl;dMbUnansmaKmtUc² RtUv)aneKCYl

edIm,Ipþl;esvaTaMgenH nigCYyerobcMÉksarx©IR)ak; .

dMbUnanEpñkbec©keTs ³ smaKmGaCIvkmGacRbmUlpþúMsmaCik[eFVIkarCamYyKña eTAelIvis½y

]sSahkmNamYy EdlGackøayeTACaRbPBFnFanbec©keTs sMrab;pþl;karKaMRTeTA[smaCik.

esvaTaMgenHGacmanB½t’man nigdMbUnaneTAelIEpñkbec©keTsTan;sm½ykal sþg;darKuNPaB

nigc,ab;EdlBak;B½n§nwgbrisßan .

emeronEdlTTYl)anTak;Tgnwgkarpþl;eyabl; nigRbwkSaeyabl;rYmman ³

- FanafabuKÁlikmanCMnaj nigmanÉkeTsBiess RBmTaMgmanbTBiesaFn_RKb;RKan; .

- eCosvagesvakmNamYy sRmab;tRmUvkarRKb;RCugeRCayTaMgGs; . eFVI[R)akdRbCafa

esvakmTaMgenaHRtUveTAtamtMrUvkarrbs;buKÁl nigmanPaBTak;TgKña .

- pþl;esvaRbkbedayviC¢aCIv³ . karEdlsmaCikmanTwkcitþbg;fvikacMNay GacbBa¢ak;faesva

eqøIytbeTAnwgtMrUvkarrbs;BYkeK .

- cMNayRtUvmanRbsiT§PaB tamry³karerobcMskmPaBCaRkumCaCagkarpþl;eyabl;dl;mñak;² .

- eFVITMnak;TMngCamYyGgÁPaBepSg²eTotEdlpþl;esvakmRsedog²Kña .

edIm,I[esvakmmannirnþPaBry³eBlyUrGEgVg smaCikTaMgLay EdlcMeNjBIesvakmTaMgenH

KYrrYmcMENkpþl;kar]btßmÖCahirBaØvtßú . éføQñÜlGacRtUv)anTUTat;BIesvakmnImYy² b¤GacTUTat;BIsmaCik

49


TaMgGs; EdlmanlT§PaBTTYlesvakmTaMgenaH sRmab;ry³eBlminkMNt; b¤kMNt;NamYy .

9>6> karelIkkMBs;EpñkBaNiC¢km nigGPivDÆTIpSar

Cajwkjab; GaCIvkrmñak;²KaneBlnigmeFüa)aysMrab;eFVIkarsikSaGMBITIpSar[)aneTogTat;

enaHeT . vamankarlM)aksMrab;BYkeKkñúgkarEsVgrkviFINamYy EdleKmanlT§PaBbg;)an sMrab;

pSBVpSayplitpl nigesvanana . manviFIeRcIny:agNas; EdlsmaKmGaCIvkmGacCYysmaCikxøÜn

kñúgkarTTYl)anB½t’manTIpSar nigGPivDÆyuT§nakarTIpSarrYmKña .

karsikSaGMBITIpSar nigB½t’man ³ smaKmGaCIvkmGacRbmUlB½t’manGMBIskþanuBlGtifiCn

nigGñkpÁt;pÁg; TaMgenAkñúg nigeRkARbeTs . enHGacman esovePATUrs½BÞ esovePAGgÁkarGaCIBFM² nig

karsikSaGMBIEpñkCak;;lak;NamYy .

karelIkkMBs;karnaMecjsMrab;smaCik ³ smaKmGaCIvkmGacKaMRTsmaCikxøÜn[cUlrUYmkñúgdMeNIrkar

sikSaNamYy edIm,IEsVgrkTIpSarGnþrCati b¤mYycUlrYmBiBN’GnþrCati . eKGacerobcMkic©RbCuM

CamYyKN³RbtiPUbreTs EdlmkeFVITsSn³kic©enARbeTskm<úCa edIm,IRbmUlB½t’manGMBItMrYvkarnana

nigkarniymcUlcitþrbs;TIpSarGnþrCati ehIyerobcMyuT§nakarTIpSarenAbreTssMrab;smaCikxøÜn .

BiBN’BaNiC¢km ³ karcUlrYmenAkñúgBiBN’BaNiC¢km GacCameFüa)ayd¾sMxan;mYy sMrab;pSBVpSay

plitplrbs;GaCIvkrtUctac . ebIsinCaBiBN’TaMgLayRtUv)anerobcMedayraCrdæaPi)al b¤ eday

GgÁkarNaFMmYy smaKmGaCIvkmGacerobcMkEnøgNamYyrYmKña EdlsmaCikGacdak;plitpl

BYkeK)an . karcMNaysMrab;karcUlrYmrebobenH GacEckrMElkkñúgcMeNamshRKinTaMgLay .

smaKmGaCIvkmGacerobcMBiBN’rbs;xÜøn edIm,IpSBVpSayplitplrbs;smaCik . karsikSaTIpSar

tamry³GIunFWNIt ³ smaKmGaCIvkmGacCYysmaCikxøÜnkñúgkarbegáIteKhTMB½rmYy sMrab;eFVIkarpSBVpSay

plitpl nigesvarbs;smaCik .

50

krNIsikSa ³ eKhTMB½rsþIGMBIsNæaKar nigpÞHsMNak;enAesomrab

edaymankarKaMRTBIEpñkGPivDÆvis½yÉkCnenAtamtMbn;TenøemKgÁ (MPDF) smaKmpÞHsMNak;

nigsNæaKarenAextþesomrabGgÁr (SRAHGA))anbegáIteKhTMB½rmYy sMrab;TMnak;TMngrvag

GñkeTscr eTAnwgeKhTMB½rrbs;smaCikmñak;² . eKhTMB½renHbgðajrUbftsNæaKar nigpÞHsMNak;

B½t’manGMBItMél nigEpnTI TItaMg . sMrab;sNæaKartUc² EdlminmanRbBn½§eKhTMB½rsMrab;kk;bnÞb;eT

smaKm SRAHGA eFVIkargarenH[BYkeK nigeFVIkarbBa¢ak;tamry³GIuEml 24 em:ag . eKhTMB½r

rbs; SRAHGA k¾pþl;B½t’manTUeTAGMBITIRkugesomrabGgÁr nigRbeTskm<úCaTaMgmUl . edImI,eFVI[

R)akdfaGñkeTscrdwgGMBIeKhTMB½renH SRAHGA)aneFVIkarpSBVpSayy:agTUlMTUlay enAkñúg

esovePAENnaMGMBIeTscrN_ nigTsSnavdþInana .


9>7> karhVwkhVWn karhVwkhVWnGacman\T§iBledaypÞal; eTAelIeCaKC½yGaCIvkmrbs;smaCik . kmviFIhVwkhVWn

CMnaj KYreqøIytbeTAnwgesckþIRtUvkarrbs;shRKasnImYy² dUcCarebobRKb;RKgGaCIvkm rebobrk

TIpSarTMnij nigrebobeRbIR)as;bec©kviTüaplitkmfI² .

smaKmGaCIvkmGacerobcMsmaCik[cUlrYmvKÁbNþúHbNþal EdlerobcMcat;EcgedayGgÁPaB

CMnajxagkarhVwkhVWn . b:uEnþvak¾GacCakarl¥Edr RbsinebIGacerobcMedayxøÜnÉg)anenaH. enHGac

CakarcMNaymYyd¾manRbsiT§PaB ehIyGacsRmbeTAtamtRmUvkarnanarbs;smaCik nigGac

ksagkitþis½BÞ smaKmGaCIvkmEdlCYysmaCikTaMgLayedaypÞal;EfmeTotpg. enAkñúgsikçasala

smaCikman»kas)anCYbKña nigEckrMElkbTBiesaFn_ .

CMhannanasMrab;erobcMvKÁhVwkhVWn ³

k> karkMNt;tRmUvkarhVwkhVwn

muneBlerobcMvKÁhVwkhVWnelIRbFanbTNamYy vaKWCakarsMxan;Nas;kñúgkarkMNt;fa etIsmaCik

smaKmBitCaRtUvkarbNþúHbNþalmuxviC¢aenH b¤k¾mincaM)ac;eT . B½t’manTaMgenHmansarHsMxan;Nas;

edIm,IFanaPaBeCaKC½y nigRbsiT§PaBénmuxviC¢ahVwkhVWn . karsÞabsÞg;eTAelItRmUvkarhVwkhVwn

GacRtUv)aneFVIeLIg cMeBaHsmaCikedayELk²BIKña b¤k¾enAkñúgGMLúgeBlvKÁhVwkhVWnBImun² . kargar

enHGacRtUv)aneFVIeLIgtamry³sMNYrsmÖasn_ EdlEckCUndl;GñkcUlrYmTaMgLay b¤tamry³

meFüa)ayepSg²eTot dUcCatamry³GgÁRbCMusmaCik b¤tamkarcuHeTAkEnøgmUldæanplitkmrbs;

smaCikpÞal; .

x> etIvKÁhVwkhVWnmaneKalbMNgGVIxøH ?

edIm,IkMNt;eKalbMNgvKÁhVwkhVWn GñkerobcMKYrsaksYrsMNYrbI dUcxageRkam ³

- etIsmaKmcg;TTYl)anGVIxøHtamry³karerobcMvKÁhVwkhVWnenH ?

- etItRmUvkar nigbBaðaGVIxøH EdlvKÁhVwkhVWnenHmanbMNgnwgeqøIytb ?

- etIRsþI nigbursmanbBaða nig tMrUvkardUcKñaEdrb¤eT ?

51

krNIsikSa ³ sar³sMxan;énkarbNþúHbNþal

shB½n§RsþIlk;dUr manTItaMgenAxageRkaypSarc,arGMeBA sgáat;pSarGMeBABIr x½NÐmanC½y

raCFanIPñMeBj )anerobcMcgRkgCaRkum nigCashKmn_eTAtamTIpSarcMnYn 6 . smaCikmYycMnYn

)anTTYlkarbNþúHbNþalGMBI : karcab;epþImGaCIvkmrbs;Gñk : nig : eynD½rnigPaBCashRKin

rYmKñaeq<aHeTAmuxsMrab;RsþI enAkñúgshRKas : . smaCik)aneFVIkarEckrMElkcMeNHdwg nigbT-

BiesaFn_eTAsmaCikepSg²enAkñúgshB½n§ tamry³karRbCMu karENnaMBImñak;eTAmñak; nigkareFVI

bgðajCaedIm. CalT§pl BYkeKecHeFVIkarpSBVpSayplitpl kt;RtafvikacMNUlcMNay nig

karKNnatMéledIm nigtMéllk;ecj nigkarRKb;RKgGaCIvkm CaTUeTA .


K> etIGñkNaKYrTTYlkarhVwkhVWnenH ?

CadMbUgRtUvbegáItnUvlkçN³vinicä½ysRmab;eRCIserIsGñkcUlrYm ³

- etIGñkNaxøHnwgGacTTYlplRbeyaCn_)aneRcInBIvKÁhVwkhVWnenH ?

- etIGñkNanwgGaceRbIR)as;CMnajBIvKÁbNþúHbNþal enAkñúgkarGnuvtþCak;Esþg?

- etIGñkNaxøHnwgGacpþl;karhVwkhVWnenHbnþdl;GñkdéTeTot ¬\T§iBleTVdg¦ ?

- etIRsþI nigbursTTYl)anplRbeyaCn_esIKñaEdrb¤eT ?

vKÁbNþúHbNþalxøHeFVIeLIgsMedAeTAelIshRKinNa EdlmanbTBiesaFn_ . vKÁxøHeToteFVIeLIg

sRmab;cMNUlfI . vKÁxøHeToterobcMeLIgsRmab;smaCikPaKeRcIn kñúgxN³EdlvKÁepSgeTotRtUvepþat

EteTAelIbBaðaGaCIvkmCak;lak;mYycMnYnEtb:ueNÑaH. vKÁbNþúHbNþalPaKxøH nwgsRmab;EtGñkEdlman

karTTYlxusRtUvCak;lak; enAkñúgsmaKmGaCIvkm dUcCaRbFansmaKm b¤fñak;dwknaMsaxaenAmUldæan .

cMeBaHGñkEdlsßitenAkñúgmuxtMENgepÞrCMnajdl;smaCikdéTeTot GacTTYlkarhVwkhVWnsþIBI

vKÁbNþúHbNþalRKUbegÁal (Training of Trainer) . bEnßmBIelImuxviC¢aÉkeTsxagGaCIvkm vKÁbNþúH-

bNþalenH GaclatRtdagBIbec©keTsnanasRmab;karGb;rMmnusScas; . dUecñaHBYkeKGacbnþepÞrcMeNHdwg

rbs;BYkeK kñúgviFId¾manRbsiT§PaBbMput)an .

X> etIeBlNaCaeBlEdlsmrmübMput sRmab;erobcMvKÁbNþúHbNþal

edIm,IkMNt;eBlevla Edls½kþismbMputsRmab;karerobcMbNþúHbNþalenH eyIgKYrEtsYrsMNYrsM

xan;² mYycMnYndUcxageRkamenH ³

- etIenAkñúgGMLúgeBlNa EdlsmaCikGacmanevlaeRcIn edIm,IcUlrYm)an ?

- etIem:agNaEdsmrmübMput sRmab;GñkcUlrYm CaBiesssRmab;smaCikCaRsþI ?

- etIvKÁbNþúHbNþalRtUveFVIeLIgb:unanem:agkñúgmYyéf¶ ?

- etIvKÁenHRtUerobcMeLIgb:unanéf¶?

- etIKYrRtUveFVIeLIgenAeRkA b¤kñúgem:ageFVIkar ?

g> etIkarbNþúHbNþalRtUveRbIR)as;viFIsaRsþGVI ?

karhVwkhVwnmnusSeBjv½y ¬b¤mnusScas;¦ TamTar[manlkçN³Cak;Esþg nigmansar³RbeyaCn_ .

GñkcUlrYmCamnusScas; eronsURty:agpuspulBIKñaeTAvijeTAmk .

- esñI[smaCikkMNt;BIbBaðaBiessNamYy EdlBYkeKcg;edaHRsay GMLúgeBlvKÁhVwkhVWn

- RBmeRBogKñaGMBIvin½ykñúgcMeNamGñkcUlrYm sRmab;kareronsURtd¾manRbsiT§PaBkñúgGMLúgeBl

vKÁhVwkhVWn³ rYmmanPaBeTogTat;tameBlevla vtþman minbgákarrMxan nigkarcUlrYmeBjelj .

- pþl;eBl[)anRKb;RKan;dl;GñkcUlrYm edIm,Ierobrab;BIsßanPaBpÞal;xøÜnrbs;BYkeK

- erobcM[manTsSnkic©enAmUldæanCak;Esþg b¤eFVITsSnkic©sikSa

52


- pþl;cMeNHdwgbnþ RbEhlCaenAtammUldæanrbs;GñkcUlrYmNamñak;

- dak;bBa©ÚlnUvbTBiesaFn_ nig]TahrN_TaMgLaytamEdlGaceFVIeTA)an ehIyviFIEdll¥

bMputenaHKWRtUveRbIR)as;bTBiesaFn_pÞal;rbs;GñkcUlrYmmkeFVIkarBiPakSa .

- eRbIR)as;CMnYyEdlman ³ rUbPaB rUbftbBa©aMg düaRkam KMnUr m:asuInbBa©aMg (overhead projector)

vIedGU . CMnYyenHGacCYy[karhVwkhVwn RbRBwtþieTAmanlkçN³rs;revIk CYy[sikçakamyl;

kan;Etc,as;eLIgenAelIRbFanbTmYycMnYn RBmTaMgCYy[BYkeKgayRsYlcgcaMRbFanbT

TaMgenaH)anl¥Cag . eTaHbICay:agenHk¾eday vaCakarsMxan;Nas;EdleyIgminRtUvbegáInéfø

cMNay nigkarrMBwgTukfaedaykareRbIR)as;bec©kviTüaTMenIb² enAeBlmeFüa)aysmBaØCagenH

GaceRbIeTA)an dUcCaRkdaspÞaMgFM²CaedIm .

c> etInrNanwgeFVIkarhVwkhVWn ?

- RKUhVwkhVWnGacCabuKÁliksmaKmGaCIvkm b¤smaCiksmaKmGaCIvkm EdlmanbTBiesaFn_ .

- RKUbgðat;GacCaGaCIvkrEdl)anTTYleCaKC½y CabuKÁlikrbs;smaKmepSteTot CamRnþIrdæaPi)al

b¤CaGñkÉkeTsCnCatibreTs .

- kñúgkrNICaeRcIn smaKmGaCIvkmGacCYlRKUbgðat;ÉkraCümñak; b¤BIrnak; EdlmanTMnak;TMng

l¥CamYynwgsmaCiksmaKm nigRsbeTAtameKaledArbs;smaKmGaCIvkm .

- kñúgkrNIepSgeTot RbEhlCaRbesIrCagenH KYrTak;Tgsßab½nhVwkhVWnNamYy[erobcM

karhVwkhVWn CMnYsmux[smaKmGaCIvkm . vaCakarsMxan;Nas; EdlfaGñkRKb;RKg nigbuKÁlik

sßab½nhVwkhVWnenaH yl;BIbBaðaCak;lak;rbs;shRKasTaMgLay . enAkñúgCMerIsenH

karhVwkhVWnmanTMnak;TMngtictYceTAnwgsmaKmGaCIvkm dUecñHGñkdwknaMsmaKmGaCIvkm

TaMgLay Kb,IRtYtBinitü[)aneTogTat;eTAelIkmviFIhVwkhVWn EdlkMBugerobcMCMnYsmux[

BYkeK edIm,IeFVI[R)akdRbCafaKuNPaBénkarhVwkhVWnnwgeqøIytbeTAnwgtRmUvkarrbs;smaCik .

eBlevlanigfvikaCaeRcIn GacRtUv)ancMNayx¢Hx¢ayeTAelIkarhVwkhVWn EdlenAcugbBa©b;

sikçakam min)anTTYlCMnajsMrab;bMeBjkargarrbs;BYkeKeLIy . kñúgqñaMfI²enH eK)anyl;dwgBIsBaØaN

CaeRcInGMBIRbsiT§PaBsRmab;bNþúHbNþal mandUcCa ³

53


- karbNþúHbNþalRtUverobcMeLIg edayEp¥keTAelItMrUvkarCak;lak;rbs;RkumeKaledA

- Ep¥kelI :kareronbeNþIr GnuvtþbeNþIr : [kan;EteRcIntamEdlGaceFVI)an kñúgsßanPaBCIvit

Bit²énshRKasFuntUc .

- emeronTaMgGs;KYrmankarcUlrYmy:agskm

- GñkbNþúHbNþalKYreFVI[xøwmsarvKÁbNþúHbNþalTan;sm½ykal RBmTaMgBRgwgCMnajbNþúH-

bNþal tamry³kareronsURtbEnßm vKÁrMlwkeLIgvij

- RtYtBinitü nigvaytémø\Ti§BlénkarbNþúHbNþal

- smaKmKYreFVIkartamdan nigCYysmaCikkñúgkareRbIR)as;CMnajfI²

- smaKmKYrykéføBIkarbNþúHbNþal edIm,IeFVI[R)akdfamankarebþCJacitþkñúgkarcUlrYm nig

PaBrs;ranelIEpñkhirBaØvtßú sMrab;kmviFI.

9>8> esvasgÁmesvasgÁm EdlsmaKmGacpþl;[smaCik rYmman ³

- skmPaBsgÁm ³ RBwtþkarN_epSg²EdlTak;Tgnwgvb,Fm’ b¤sgÁm pþl;»kas[smaCik)an

CYyEckrMElkbTBiesaFn_ nigbegáItTMnak;TMngGaCIvkm .

- esvaFanar:ab;rgsuxPaB ³ smaKmGaCIvkmxøH RbmUlfvikamYycMnYny:ageTogTat;BIsmaCik

edIm,IbegáItmUlniFiFanar:ab;rgsuxPaB . kñúgkrNIEdlsmaCik b¤RkumRKYsarrbs;eKmanCMgW eK

nwgTTYl)anR)ak;kMérsMrab;EfTaMsuxPaB edayGaRs½yeTAelIeKalkarN_epSg² Edl)anÉk

PaBKña . mkTl;nwgbc©úb,nñenH KansmaKmGaCIvkmNamYyenARbeTskm<úCa pþl;esvaRbePTenH

eTA[smaCikxøÜneT .

54

55

m:UDulTI 10³ karpþl;esvaBaNiC¢km

10>1> karelIkkMBs;PaBRbkYtRbECg

CamYynwgsklPavUbnIykménesdækic©rbs;bNþaRbeTsPaKeRcIn shRKintUc²RbQmmuxnwg

karRbkYtRbECgy:agtwgEtgBIplitplCaeRcInEdlRtUv)aneKnaMcUl . karkat;bnßybg;Bn§elITMnijnaMcUl

nigPaBgayRsYlnUvTRmg;EbbbTBn§Ky eFVI[manPaBgayRsYldl;karnaMcUl TaMgvtßúFatuedIm nig

plitpleRbIR)as; . plitplnaMecjTaMgLay RtUvEtGnuelameTAtammaRtadæan EdlTamTaredayTIpSar

breTs . vamankartwgrwugelIkarevcx©b; plitplmanlkçN³dUcKña nigeBlputkMNt;énkardwkCBa¢Ún .

vatMrUv[mankarykcitþTukdak;y:agxøaMg kñúgkareFVI[smtßPaBRbkYtRbECgrbs;shRKas

FunmIRkU nigshRKasFuntUc manlkçN³kan;EtRbesIreLIgenAkm<úCa. bec©keTsviTüaEdlkan;Et

RbesIreLIg RBmTaMgKMnitécñRbDit manPaBcaM)ac;sMrab;FanaKuNPaB nigkarplit. c,ab;rbs;raCrdæa-

Pi)al EdlmantmøaPaBnigsamBaØ manPaBcaM)ac;sMrab;shRKinkm<úCa edIm,I[BYkeKkan;EtmanlT§PaB

kñúgkarRbkYtRbECg . CaerOy² shRKintUc²Etmñak;ÉgminGacTTYl)anplRbeyaCn_BI»kasTIpSar

EdlRtUvkarbrimaNplitplcMnYneRcIn maRtdæanEtmYy nigkarpÁt;pÁg;eTogTat;)aneT. BYkeKman

karlM)akkñúgkar eFVI[seRmc)annUvPaBsnSMsMécesdækic©kñúgkarTijvtßúFatuedIm nigxVHxatsmtßPaB

edIm,IENnaMGMBIkarrIkcMerInKMnitécñRbDitfI² .

10>2> skmPaBBaNiC¢kmrYmKñamansmaKmGaCIvkmCaeRcIn )anbegáItCa : GgÁPaBGnþrkarI : sMrab;TijvtßúFatuedImsRmab;smaCik

b¤lk;plitpl[smaCik . enHKWedaysarEtBYkeKRtUvkarTijkñúgbrimaNeRcIn minEmntictYc . smaKm

GacTTYlplcMeNjy:ageRcIn EdlPaKxøHnwgRtUvbgVilCUneTAsmaCikxøÜnvij cMENkPaKxøHélTuk

sRmab;TUTat; éføcMNayeTAelIskmPaBGgÁPaB .



karTij lk;plitplrYmKñaenH Gac[smaCikbg;éføcMNayeTAelIkareFVIdMeNIrrYmKña . vak¾Gac

CYykñúgkarcrcartémøCamYyGtifiCnkñúgnigeRkARsuk EdleFVI[tMélplitplrbs;eK mankMritx<s;

CaCagkarlk;CabuKÁl . karTij lk;duM ¬cMnYneRcIn¦ GacCaviFImYysMrab;begáItfvikacMnUl nigR)ak;

cMeNjsMrab;smaKm nigsmaCikxøÜn b:uEnþvaTamTar[mankarshkarKñaenAxagkñúgsmaKm karerobcM

nigTukcitþKña .

CMhannanasMrab;karlk; nigTijrYmKña ³

- RbmUlB½t’manGMBIsmtßPaBplitkmrbs;smaCiksRmab;kargarTIpSar

- viPaKkarbBa¢aTij BIskþanuBlGtifiCn

- kMNt;cMNucBiessrbs;plitplEdlRtUvlk; . suM[GtifiCnerobrab;BIcMNucsMxan;²enAkñúg

karbBa¢aTij

- erobcMkic©RbCuMCamYyGñkplitTaMgLay edIm,IBiPakSaGMBIl½kçx½NÐTaMgLay EdlRtUvcrcarCa

mYyGñkTij ³ tMél KuNPaB ry³eBlbBa¢ÚnTMnij niglk½çxN½Ðbg;éføTMnij .

- eFVI[R)akdRbCafaGñkRKb;²Kña)anyl;RBmeTAelIcMNucénkarcrcar ³ témøGb,brima nigGti-

brma eBlputkMNt; EdlTaMgGs;KñaeBjcitþ .

- eRCIserIsGñkNamñak;sRmab;dwknaMkarcrcarenH .

- begáItkic©RBmeRBogCadMbUgCalayl½kçGkSrmYy CamYysmaCiknanaEdlBak;B½n§. kic©RBm

eRBogenHbBa¢ak;BIkatBVkic© nigsiT§irbs;BYkeK . eFVI[R)akdRbCafasmaCikmñak;²yl;BIkar

ebþC£acitþrbs;BYkeK .

- cab;epþImeFVIkarcrcarCamYynigédKUBaNiC¢kmepSg² ehIy[smaCikTaMgGs;dwgBIlT§plén

karcrcarTaMgenaH .

- begáItkic©snüalk;mYyCamYyGñkTij .

- begáItkic©RBmeRBogCamYysmaCiiknimYy² bBa¢ak;BIkatBVkic© nigsiT§irbs;BYkeK .

- RtYtBinitüplitkmrbs;smaCikepSg²Kña kñúgkrNIEdlmankarlk;rYmKña .

CMhannanasMrab;karTijrYmKña ³

- )a:n;RbmaNtMrUvkarTijrbs;smaCikTaMgGs;sMrab;mYyrdUv

- kMNt;rkGñkpÁt;pÁg;NaEdlGacTukcitþ)an niglk;efakCageK

- erobcMkarbBa¢aTijduM ¬cMnYneRcIn ¦ nigcrcartMélsMrab;karlk;duM

- RbmUlR)ak;TijBIsmaCiksMrab;kk;

- erobcMkardwkCBa¢Ún

- bg;fvika

- dwkCBa¢ÚnvtßúeTAsmaKm

- erobcMÉksarKNenyü nigbg;éfø

- EbgEckTMnijeTA[smaCik

56


enAkñúgkrNITij niglk;rYmKñaenH smaKmRtUvKitéføBIsmaCik edIm,IykmkTUTat;éføesvaenH .

10>3> TMnak;TMngGaCIvkmsmaKmGaCIvkmGacCYysmaCikxøÜn kñúgkarbegáItTMnak;TMngGaCIvkm . RbePTTMnak;TMngGaCIv

km EdlmanlkçN³TUeTAman ³

kareFVIkic©snüabnþeTAPaKImYyeTot nigkarerobcM[manPaKIxageRkAcUlrYm

kic©karTaMgenHmansarHsMxan;y:agxøaMgkñúgb:unanqñaMfI²enH . kargarenHCajwkjab;Tak;TgeTAnwg

plitkrFM² Edl)aneFVIkic©snüabnþeTA[GñkpÁt;pÁg;tUcCagxøÜnedIm,ITTYleFVI b:uEnþBak;B½n§pgEdrCamYy

kic©snüaTaMgLayrvagshRKastUc² .

karepÞrsiT§ilk;dUr

viFIenHmanRbCaRbiyPaBenAkñúgbNþaRbeTskMBugGPivDÆCaeRcIn . karepÞrsiT§ilk;dUr GacerobcM

edayshRKasmYy ¬Gñkpþl;siT§i[lk;dUrpþac;mux¦ edIm,I[shRKinmYyeTot plitniglk;TMnij b¤pþl;

esvakmtammaRtdæan nignItiviFInana Edl)ankMNt;edayGñkpþl;siT§i[lk;dUrdac;mux . CaerOy²

Gñkpþl;siT§i[lk;dUrdac;mux pþl;karhVwkhVWncaM)ac;tammaRtdæanplitkm nigsþg;darbec©kviTüaTIpSar .

cegÁamGaCIvkm nigbNþajplitkmrYmKña

cMNucTaMgGs;enHGaceFVI[shRKas EdlmanlkçN³xusEbøkKñaBIeBlmunmkrYmKña)an. : cegáam :

KWCakarpÁMúKñaénshRKasTaMgLay EdlcUlrYmkñúgskmPaBRsedogKña b¤k¾kñúgskmPaBbMeBj[Kña

eTAvijeTAmk EdlbegáIt)ankic©shRbtibtþikarrvagRkumh‘un b¤kareFVIkic©snüabnþ . karN_enHpþl;

57

krNIsikSa³ ]TahrN_GMBIkareFVIGaCIvkmrYmKña

smaKmsib,krkm<úCa KWCaGgÁkarmYyEdlEp¥kelIsmaCikPaB Edl)anekIteLIgBIqñaM 2000 .

smaKmenHelIkkMBs;»kaskargarsMrab;shKmn_km<úCa rYmmanCnBikar nigRsþIgayrgeRKaHtamry³

karplit niglk;plitplsib,kmxñattUc nigmFüm . kñúgqñaM2006 smaKmenHmansmaCik

32nak; EdlCaGgÁkareRkArdæaPi)al nigCabuKÁl enATUTaMgRbeTs .

smaKmenHCYysmaCikkñúgkarrkTIpSarTaMgenAkñúgnigeRkARbeTs . enAbc©úb,nñenH TIpSarGnþrCati

rYmman ³ Gaemrik Gwru:b ¬)araMg GIutalI nigGaløwm:g ¦ GasIu ¬GURsþalI saMgkarBYr Cb:un nigm:aeLsIu¦ .

kalBIBak;kNþalqñaM2005 smaKm)anCYylk;plitplrbs;smaCikeTARbeTsTaMgenH)an

450>000 duløarGaemrik .

enAeBlmankarbBa¢aTijFM²BIeRkARbeTs smaKmerobcMeFVIkugRtabnþeTA[smaCikxøÜn .

smaKmCaGñkeFVI[R)akdfa plitplTaMgGs;RtUveTAtamkarTamTarrbs;GtifiCn TaMgKuNPaB

nigtMél .


lT§pl CakarsnSMsMécEpñkesdækic© nigkRmitTMhMRbhak;RbEhlKñaeTAnwgRkumh‘unRTg;RTayFM²

TaMgLay .

- cegáamTIkEnøg (Location Clusters ) EckrMElkTIkEnøgEdlenACit²Kña eTAnwgTIkEnøgpÁt;pÁt;

vtßúFatuedImrbs;BYkeK TIkEnøgplitkmb¤GtifiCn . tamry³bNþajenH shRKasFuntUc

TaMgLayGaccMeNj)anB½t’manGMBIbec©kviTüafI²elITIpSar nigman»kassRmab;eFVIkic©snüa

bnþ[PaKImYyeTot .

- cegáamTIpSar (Market Clusters) EckrMElkB½t’manGMBITIpSar nigEsVgrkkarbBa¢aTijrYmKña

- cegáamBlkm (Labour Clusters) GnuBaØat[Rkumh‘un eFVIÉkeTskmenAkñúgRbtibtþikarbMeBj

[KñaeTAvijeTAmkxus² KñaEdltRmUv[manCMnajBlkmxusKña.

- cegáamKMnitécñRbDit (Innovative Clusters) GnuBaØat[mankareronsURtrYmKñapøas;bþÚrKMnit nig

cMeNHdwgCamYyKña edIm,IelIkkMBs;KuNPaBplitpl nigkan;kab;cMENkTIpSar EdlGacTTYl

)anR)ak;kéRmEfmeTot .

cMeBaHral;vis½yTaMgGs;enH smaKmGaCIvkmGacedIrtYnaTICaGñksRmbsRmYl . smaKmGac

naMmknUvédKUskþanuBlTaMgLayrYmKña edIm,IEsVgyl;RbsinebIrebobshRbtibtþikarenH Gacpþl;RbeyaCn_

eTAvijeTAmk . smaKmCajwkjymanbTBiesaFn_kñúgkarksag nigrkSa[mannirnþrPaBénbNþaj

TaMgenH . kareCOTukcitþKñaKWCaktþasMxan; EdlsmaKmGaCIvkmGacksageLIg edaykarCYybegáIt[

manRkbx½NÐ FanakarGnuvtþn_Rsbc,ab;mYy sRmab;kic©snüananarvagédKUTaMgGs;.

rdæaPi)almUldæanedIrtYnaTId¾sMxan;pgEdr kñúgkarelIksÞÜycegáamTaMgLayenH edayepþateTAtam

bNþMúPUmisaRsþrbs;shRKasTaMgLaykñúgtMbn;]sSahkm edaycab;epþImbegáIt[manmCÄmNÐlnana

sRmab;karEkécñ nigelIkkMBs;[mankareFVIkic©snüabnþeTAPaKImYyeTot . BYkeKGacCYysRmYl edIm,I

TTYl)anbTbBa¢aBIrdæaPi)al nigmaK’a\NTansRmab;shRKasTaMgLay EdlcUlrYmenAkñúgkar

erobcMrYmKña CamYynwgcegáamenH .

58

krNIsikSa³ ]TahrN_GMBIbNþajGaCIvkm

smaKmGñkplitnigGñkEckcaycRgáanRbNit ¬s/p/c/k¦ mansmaCik16nak; EdlCam©as;

sib,km nig20nak;CaGñkEckcayenAkñúgextþnana . cRgáanLÚvfI GacsnSMGusnigFüÚgrbs;GñkeRbIR)as;

)andl;eTA 30 PaKry nigpþl;plRbeyaCn_kñúgkarkarBarbrisßan . smaKmeFVIkarsikSaRsavRCav

nigGPivDÆn_bec©keTs edIm,I[cRgáankan;EtmanRbsiTæiPaB . kñúgxN³enHEdr smaKmerobcMCabNþaj

kargarsMrab;shkarrvagGñkplit nigGñkEckcay edImI,pSBVpSayplitplrbs;BYkeK . smaKm

)anbegáIt : nimitþsBaØa : rYmmYysMrab;biTelIplitplcRgáanLÚvfI edIm,Ibgðaj nigFanaKuNPaB

plitplrbs;BYkeK . erogral;Ex smaKmplit)ancRgáanRbNit)anRbmaN BI 5000 eTA 6000

cRgáan nigmanGñklk; enATUTaMgRbeTsekInBICag2000 eTA3000 nak;.


10>4> karRKb;RKgrYmKñaelIGclnRTBü nigeRKOg]bkrN_ enAkñúgkrNICaeRcIn kareqøIytbeTAnwgtRmUvkarTIpSard¾súKsaj CaBiessenAkRmitKuNPaBx<s;

bMput TamTar[maneRKOg]bkrN_ EdléføhYssRmab;shRKasnImYy²GacTij)an . smaKmGaCIvkm

GacTijeRKOg]bkrN_TaMgenH ehIyCYleTA[smaCikrbs;xøÜnnUvtémøQñÜlNamYyedayKitCaem:ag

KitCaéfø b¤KiteTAtamcMnYnplitpl Edlplit)ankñúgmYyÉkta . smaKmGaCIvkmCaGñkcMNayelI

esah‘uyfamBl karCYsCul nigkarEfTaM .

smaKmGaCIvkmmYYycMnYn GacedaHRsay)annUvbBaðakarRtYtBinitü eTAelIkareRbIR)as;eRKOg]b

krN_rYmKña eday ³

- CYleRKOg]bkrN_RbcaMExeTA[shRKinÉkCnNamñak; EdlCaGñkRKb;RKgeRKOg]bkrN_

enaH edaykarTTYlxusRtUvpÞal;xøÜn bnÞab;BIkarbg;R)ak;éføQñÜl¦ .

- eFVIkic©RBmeRBogCamYyshRKinÉkCnNamñak; EdltMNag[smaCikTaMgLay edIm,I)anCYl

eRKOg]bkrN_ enHedayl½kçx½NÐGnueRKaH.

smaKmGaCIvkmxøH pþl;lT§PaB[smaCikkñúgkareRbIR)as;GclnRTBü b¤TuksMPar³epSg² .

kareRbIR)as;GclnRTBürYmKñaGacman ³ bnÞb;dak;bgðajplitpl kEnøglk;rYmKña b¤kariyal½y

EdlsmaCikGaceRbIR)as;kuMBüÚT½r b¤]bkrN_sMrab;eFVIkarR)aRs½yTak;Tg EdlsmaCikminmanlT§PaB

TijedayxøÜnÉg .

59

60


mU:DulTI 11³ karpþl;esvats‘Umti

muxgareFVICatMNagnigkarBarplRbeyaCn_rbs;smaCiksmaKm KWCaFmtacat;EcgedayPñak;gar

b¤RkumTaMgLay EdlGMNac\T§iBlrbs;BYkGñkTaMgenH GacbNþal[manplGaRkk; b¤CYyGPivDÆ

shRKasFuntUc nigFunmFümTaMgLay)an . Pñak;garTaMgenHFmtaCaédeCIg nigRsTab;rbs;raCrdæa-

Pi)al b:uEnþeKGacrab;bBa©ÚlsmaKmnana RkumshKmn_TaMgLay bNþaPñak;garGnþrCati nigenAkñúg

kal³eTs³xøH GacCaRkumGñkRbkYtRbECgpgEdr .

smaKmnwgGnuvtþmuxnaTITaMgenHCaeKalkarN_tamry³ ³

- karbBa©úHbBa©Úl nigkarts‘UmtienAelIbBaðaCak;lak; nig

- eFVIkarsnÞna nigBieRKaHeyabl;enAelIbBaðaTUeTA.

11>1> karbBa©úHbBa©Úl nigkarts‘Umti ³ karerobcMyuT§nakarkarbBa©úHbBa©Úl KWCakarBüayameRbI\T§iBleTAelIGñkerobcMeKalneya)ay sMrab;eKalbMNgCak;

lak;NamYy . CMhannanasMrab;erobcMkarbBa©úHbBa©Úlman ³

CMhanTI 1 ³ kMNt;bBaða

muneBlkarcab;epþImskmPaBbBa©úHbBa©ÚlNamYy smaKmGaCIvkmKYrKb,IkMNt;eKalbMNgén

skmPaBts‘UmtienaH[)anc,as;las;Camunsin . ]TahrN_ ³

- kareFVI[nItiviFInana énkarcuHbBa¢IsRmab;shRKasFuntUcTaMgLay manPaBsamBaØ

- karkat;bnßyBn§GakrpÞal;eTAelIkareRbIR)as;TIpSar

- karkarBarTIkEnøglk;dUrrbs;shRKasFuntUcnigmIRkU manPaBRbesIrCageBlbc©úb,nñ

- viFankarc,as;las; edIm,ICYy[RsþIlk;dUrtampSar GacRbkbkic©karGaCIvkmrbs;eK

CMhanTI 2 ³ kMNt;rkGñkBak;B½n§sMxan;²

smaKmcaM)ac;RtUveFVIkarRsavRCavrk[eXIjfa etIGgÁPaBb¤Pñak;garrdæaPi)alNamYy CaGñkman

\T§iBldl;kareFVIesckþIseRmc RBmTaMgRtUvEsVgrk[eXIjBI ³

- eKalbMNg nigeKalneya)aynanarbs;GgÁPaBTaMgenH ehIyEsVgrkRbsinebImanrebob

var³lak;bM)aMgNamYy

- GñkEdlman\T§iBlxøaMgenAkñúgkic©karenH ]TahrN_ RbFannaykdæanrdæaPi)al EdlBak;B½n§

naykRkumh‘un ¬RbFansmaKm¦


- kmøaMgepSg²eTotEdlGacman\T§iBlRbqaMgtbt . etIKURbkYtRbECgrbs;GñkniyayeTAkan;

nrNaxøH ?

CMhanTI 3 ³ sikSaBIRbFanbT

- sikSasIuCeRmAeTAelIeKalCMhrepSg² nigcMNucTaMgLaysRmab;karBiPakSa

- RbmUlB½t’manenAelIsßankarN_Rbhak;RbEhlKña nigbTbBa¢aTaMgLayrbs;RbeTsdéTeTot

nig\T§iBlEdlsßankarN_TaMgenaHmanmkelImIRkUshRKas nigsmaKmrbs;BYkeKTaMgLay

CMhanTI 4 ³ begáItyuT§saRsþbBa©úHbBa©Úl

- etIsar nigB½t’manGVIxøHEdlsmaKmRtUvbBa©úHbBa©ÚlGñkdéTeTot ? etImanKMnitRbqaMgtbt nig

CMTas;GVIxøH ?

- etImanGgÁPaBepSgNaeTot EdlmancMNab;GarmN_Rbhak;RbEhlKña GacRtUvGeBa¢Ij[cUl

rYmkñúgkarbBa©úHbBa©ÚlenHEdrb¤eT ?

- etIRtUvbegáItTMnak;TMngedaypÞal;GVIxøH CamYyGñkeFVIesckþIseRmcTMagLay TaMgeRkApøÚvkar k¾

dUcCakñúgpøÚvkar ?

- etIRtUvdak;sm<aFeTAelIGñkeFVIesckþIseRmcTMagLay edayviFINaEdlRbesIrbMput? tam

ry³yuT§nakarsaFarN³ karcgsm½<n§PaBKña tamry³GtßbTnanakñúgsarB½t’mankñugRsuk tam

ry³karcrcarTaMgLay b¤karrYmbBa©ÚlnUvmeFüa)ayTaMgLayenH ?

- begáItEpnkarskmPaB[)anc,as;las;mYy EdlbBa¢ak;bgðajBICMhanxus²Kña FnFanEdl

RtUvkar edIm,IdMeNIrkarskmPaBTaMgLaydUc Edl)anelIkeLIg RBmTaMgkarTTYlxusRtUv

epSg²rbs;Gñk EdlBak;B½n§TaMgGs; .

CMhanTI 5 ³ GnuvtþyuT§saRsþbBa©úHbBa©Úl

- enAGMLúgeBlénkarGnuvtþ B½t’mannigKMnitfI²BIrebobTb;Tl;bBaðaenaHGacekItmaneLIg

- vaytémøelIRbsiT§PaBénskmPaBxus²Kña ehIyRtUveRtomlkçN³edIm,IKiteLIgvij RBmTaMg

EklMGyuT§saRsþbBa©úHbBa©ÚlRsbeTAtamKMnitfI² nigB½t’manfI²TaMgenH .

61

krNIsikSa ³ karbBa©úHbBa©Úlnigkarts‘Umti

smaKmkarBaresvaeRbIR)as;TMnij dwkCBa¢Ún nigsiT§kmkrkm<úCa KWCasmaKmeRkArdæaPi)al

minrkR)ak;cMeNj Edl)ancuHeQaHCamYyRksYgmhaépÞkalBIéf¶TI01 vicäika 2001 .

bnÞab;BIdMeNIrkar)anbIqñaM smaKm)ansMercpøas;bþÚreQaHmkCa smaKmkm<úCaGPivDÆn_esdækic©

eRkARbB½n§ CAID ehIy)ancuHeQaHCaelIkTIBIr enAéf¶TI11 mina 2004 . naeBlbc©úb,nñenH

smaKmmansmaCik 350 nak; EdlEbgEckCa5Rkum ³ Rkumm:UtUkg;bI Rkumm:UtU Rkumtak;sIu

RkumGaCIvkr nigRkumksikr . smaKmKaMRTsmaCikxøÜn tamry³karbBa©úHBa©Úl nigts‘Umti nigBRgwg

RkumeKaledAxøÜn RBmTMagEsVgrkTIpSar[BYkeK .


11>2> karsnÞna nigkarBieRKaHeyabl; vaCameFüa)ayd¾RbesIrCag ebIsmaKm)ancUlrYmenAkñúgesckþIRBagbTbBa¢a nigeKalneya)ay

TaMgenaHmuneBlRtUvdak;cuHGnuvtþ CaCageFVIkarbBa©úHbBa©Úlpøas;bþÚrbTbBa¢a enAeBleKalneya)aynana

RtUv)anbegáItehIy . karN_enHmann½yfa karbegáItsmaKmKWCasemøg EdleKTTYlsÁal;[cUlrYm

enAkñúg dMeNIrkarbegáIteKalneya)ay .

kargarenHGaceFVI)anedaysmaKmCaGñkpþÜcepþImKMnit ehIyesñIsMu[mankarBiPakSanUvral;bBaða

Tl;muxKñaCamYyGaC£aFrBak;B½n§ b£edaykarEsVgrktYnaTIGciéRnþy_mYyEfmeTot CasmaCikrbs;

GgÁPaB b¤evTikarbc©úb,nñ EdlGaC£aFrEtgBieRKaHeyabl;CamYy .

vaCakarsMxan;sRmab;smaKmGaCIvkm kñúgkarEsVgrkkareFVICatMNagenAtamGgÁPaBnana Edl

kMNt;elIeKalneya)ay nigGnuvtþc,ab; RBmTMageKalneya)ayNa Edlb:HBal;dl;smaCiksmaKm

. kareFVIdUecñH)an vacaM)ac;RtUv ³

- kMNt;evTika nigPñak;garnanaenAlMdab;Cati nigmUldæan Edlkargarrbs;BYkeKepþatelIbBaða

nana EdlsmaKmGaCIvkmcg;eFIVkarbBa©úHbBa©Úl .

- eRCIserIsGgÁPaBEdlsMxan;bMput - edIm,IeCosvagkareFVI[GgÁPaBxus²KñaTMagenaH mankar

mmajwknwgkargarsmaKmxøaMgeBk .

- esñIsMu[mankareFVICatMNagCapøÚvkar b¤siT§iedIm,IsMuBieRKaHeyabl; .

- eRCIserIsGñktMNagEdlmansmtßPaB nigeFVI[R)akdRbCafa BYkeKmanÉksarKaMRTRKb;RKan;

tamry³karRsavRCavsmrmüNamYy GgÁRbCMuCamYysmaCik dMbUnanBIGñkCMnajkarnana.

- eFVI[R)akdRbCafa GñktMNagTaMgenHraykarN_RtLb;mkvijy:ageTogTat; eTAKN³kmkar

Rbtibtþi nigKN³kmkarTak;TgepSg²eTot elIkic©BiPakSaEdlBYkeKkMBugman .

62

kalBIExviciäka qñaM2001 Rkumm:UtUkg;bIEdlCasmaCik )anTTYlnUvkarhamXat;siT§Rbkbrbr

rksIuenAkñúgRkug edaysarmUlehtumYycMnYn . kalenaHBYkKat;TaMgGs; )aneFVIkarcrcarCamYy

GaCJaFrRkug b:uEnþminTTYl)aneCaKC½y . eRkayBITTYlBakübNþwgenaH CAID )anTMnak;TMngCamYy

nwgGaC£aFrRkug suMNat;CYbcrcar b:uEnþmin)ansMerclT§plCaeRcInelIk . eRkaymk smaKm)an

sMercsuMeFVI)atukmGhwgSamYYy eTIbmankaryl;RBmBIGaC£aFrRkug GnuBaØateGaymansiiT§ieFIVkar

dwkeP£ovdUcFmta EtBMuTan;manecjlixitCalaylkçN_GkSrenAeLIy . GaC£aFrb:UlIsenAEtbnÞúc

bg¥ak;mineGaycracr edaysMGaglixitdUceBlmun .

karts‘UmtienAEtbnþrhUtmkdl;éf¶TI 10 sIha qñaM2005 eTIbmandMeNaHRsaymYYyCamYy

mnÞIrsaFarN³karnigdwkCBa¢Ún Edl)anpþl;siT§BIsalaRkugPñMeBj GnuBaØateGaym:UtUkg;bI manpøak

elx nigmansiT§icracrenAkñúgRkug)anFmtamkdl;bc©úb,nñenH .


11>3> karbBa©úHbBa©Úl[manc,ab;KaMRTeynD½r GgÁkarRsþIGacedIrtYnaTIy:agsMxan; enAkñúgkarbBa©úHbBa©ÚldMeNIrkarGnum½tc,ab; edIm,Ipþl;Gtß

RbeyaCn_dl;GaCIvkmEdldwknaMedayRsþI . eRkABIenH karFanaGHGagfabBaðashRKinRsþIRtUv)anedaH

RsayenAkñúgGgÁPaBxøÜnrYcmk smaKmGaCIvkmKYrbegáItTMnak;TMngyuT§saRsþCamYyGgÁPaBnana

EdltMNag[RsþIenAelIbBaðaTUeTA .

vaGacCatRmUvkar edIm,IbegáItb¤EklMGc,ab; Edlman\T§iBledaypÞal;eTAelIRsþIdUcCa \T§iBleTAelI

kmsiT§iRTBsm,tþi nigkarTTYl)anRbPB\NTanpøÚvkar . smaKmGaCIvkmTaMgLayGacts‘Umti

pgEdr edIm,ITTYl)anesvakmnana dUcCakarEfTaMkumar nigkarEfTaMmnusScas; RbsinebIcMnYnshRKin

CaRsþId¾eRcInelIslubGaccgRkgKña)anenaH . enAeBlbBaðaTaMgenHRtUvedaHRsay)an enaHshRKin

RsþIGacmankmøaMgkitüanuPaB nigkarTTYlsÁal;CapøÚvkar dUecñHBYkeKGaceFVIkaredayRbsiT§PaBEfmeTot

karcUlrYmrbs;BYkeKenAkñúgesdækic©RbeTs nigkarbegáItFnFanCUnRbeTsCati .

63

krNIsikSa³ karEsVgrkkareFVItMNag

smaKm]sSahkmtUcnigmFümPñMeBj ¬s/]/P¦ RtUv)anbegáIteLIgenAéfTI22 Ex]sPa qñaM

2003 . smaKmmansmaCik 96nak; EdlsuT§swgCam©as;]sSahkm plitkm nigsib,km

dUcCasib,kmplitTwkRtI TwksIuGIuv TwkRClk; TwkEpøeQI TwkbrisuT§ Rsa nM eRKOgelah³ nig )øasÞik

CaedIm . ebskmcMbgrbs;smaKm KWCYykarBarplRbeyaCn_ nigbMeBjesckþIRtUvkarrbs;smaCik

tamry³kareFVItMNageGayBYkeK kñúgkaresñIsMu nigcrcarCamYyGñkerobcMeKalneya)ay . kargar

sMxan;²rbs;smaKmrYmman³ 1¦cUlrYmkñúgkarbegáItc,ab;sMrab;eragcRk nigshRKasFuntUc nig

mFüm 2¦ smaKm)ancUlrYmkñúgKN³kmaFikarRbwkSaeyabl; sMrab;begáIteKalneya)ay nigyuT§

saRsþCati sMrab;CMrujkarnaMecj . tamry³skmPaBTaMgenH smaKm)anTTYllT§plRbkb

edayEpøpáamYycMnYn dUcCakarelIkElgBn§kñúgkarnaMcUlelIvtßúFatuedImRbePTxøH ehIynItiviFIénkarcuH

eQaHRkumh‘un nigkarsMuGaC£ab½NÑebIkmUldæan]sSahkm sib,kmRtUv)anEklMG .


GgÁkarRsþIGacpþl;[smaCikrbs;xøÜnnUvB½t’mansþIBImRnþIrdæaPi)al rebobdMeNIrkarneya)ay nig

rebobcUleTArkGñkbegáIteKalneya)aynana karTak;TgCamYybuKÁlikkariyal½y GaceFVItammeFüa

)ayepSg² dUcCasMbuRt karehAtamTUrs½BÞ karcuHeTAdl;kariyal½y nigtamry³sikçasalanana .

viFId¾manRbsiT§PaBbMput KWCYbCaÉkCnpÞal;CamYynwgGñkbegáItc,ab;sMxan;² b¤mRnþIbegáItbTbBa¢a dUcCa

mRnþIBn§dar mRnþIKy mRnþIRKb;RKgTIpSar . enAeBlNaEdlmuxtMENgRtUv)anbgðajeLIgCasaFarN³

ehIyvaKYrEtmanlkçN³c,as;las; nigCak;Esþg .

64

krNIsikSa³ karbBa©úHbBa©Úl[maneynD½reTAkñúgc,ab;

RkumRsþIkat;edrnigEkécñvtßúGnusSavrIy_ EdlmanTItaMgenAkñúgmCÄmNÐlrbs;GgÁkarkm<úCa

edIm,ICYyRsþImanvibtþi ¬CWCC¦ )anbegáItbNþajsMrab;eFVIkareronsURtBIKñaeTAvijeTAmkelICMnaj

viC¢aCIv³kat;edr nigviFIbeBa¢osGMeBIhwgSaenAkñúgRKYsar . BYkKat;)aneRCIserIsRbFanRkum edIm,IEsVgrk

skþanuBlTIpSar nigedaHRsaybBaðaEdlRkumrbs;BYkeKCYbRbTH . tamry³kic©xitxMRbwgERbgrbs;

CWCC kñúgkarEsVgrkCMnYynigkarshkarBIbNþarGgÁkarEpñkc,ab;CaeRcInenAkñúgRbeTskm<úCa

BRgagc,ab;GMeBIhwgSaenAkñúgRKYsarsßitenAkñúgdMeNIrkarGnum½tBIsPaCati .

65

mU:DulTI 12³ karTTYlxusRtUv nig Parkic©nana enAkñúgsmaKm

12>1> tYnaTI nigkarTTYlxusRtUvrbs;EpñkepSg²énsmaKm

sRmab;GñkBak;B½n§xageRkA vaKWCakarsMxan;Nas;EdlGgÁPaBmYYymankarRKb;RKg nigrcna

sm<½n§l¥ RBmTaMgmankarTTYlxusRtUvnigtmøaPaB . ebIKanRbsiT§iPaBenAkñúgGgÁPaB nigkarRKb;RKg

RbkbedaytmøaPaB smaKmnwg)at;bg;kitþis½BÞkñúgRkEsEPñkrbs;shKmn_xageRkA nigRkEsEPñkrbs;

smaCikxøÜn .

CaTUeTA smaKmmanKN³kmakardUcteTA ³

1> mhasnñi)at ³ KWCaGgÁkMBUlbMputénsmaKmGaCIvkm. mhasnñi)atenHCYbRbCMuKña y:agtic

Nas;mYyqñaMmþg edIm,I ³

- BinitüemIlskmPaBTaMgLay nighirBaØvtßúqñaMknøgeTA

- vaytémøyuT§saRsþbc©úb,nñrbs;GgÁPaB nigseRmcelIyuT§saRsþfIsRmab;GnaKt

- seRmcelIviFIIEbgEckFnFan nigplkéRmnanarbs;GgÁPaB

- yl;RBmelIEpnkarskmPaB nigfvikasRmab;ry³eBlxagmux

- eRCIserIssmaCikKN³kmkar nigGñkRtYtBinitüfvikaépÞkñúg

mhasnñi)atRtUvmansmaCikRKb;RKan; ¬kUr:um¦ edIm,I[GgÁRbCMumanlkçN³smRsbeTAtam

pøÚvc,ab; . enHCacMnYntUcbMputénsmaCik ehIyebIenAeRkamcMnYnkUru:ménGgÁRbCMu EdlminGactMNag[

smaCik)an enaHGgÁRbCMuminKYrKb,IeFVIeTAeLIy . cMnYnenHb¤rUbmnþsRmab;Kit eBalKWcMnYnPaKryén

smaCik Edl)an ¬bg;R)ak;smaCikPaB¦ KYrKb,Ikt;RtaTukeTAkñúgFmnuBaØ . CaFmta karseRmcnana

rbs;mhasniñ)at KWCakarrYmbBa©ÚlKña b¤ehAmü:ageTotfamhasnñi)atenHRtUvkar edIm,IravrkkarseRmc

rYmKña. enHminEmnmann½yfa rg;caMrhUtTal;EtmanGgÁsnñi)atRbcaMqñaMenAqñaMbnÞab;eToteLIy.

KN³kmkarRbtibtþi GacekaHehA[manmhasniñ)atBiess ¬visamBaØ¦ mYyeLIg)an . RbsinebI

mhasnñi)ateFVIkarbdiesF enaHFmnuBaØPaKeRcInnwgGnuBaØatdl;smaCikTaMgLaybgçM[manmha-

snñi)atenaH b:uEnþRtUvRBmeRBogelIcMnYnsmaCikGb,brima EdlRtUvEtcuHhtßelxaelIjtþiNamYy

muneBlKN³kmkarTTYlkatBVkic©ekaHehA[manmhasnñi)atenaH .

mU:Dul 12³ karTTYlxusRtUv nig Parkic©nanaenAkñúgsmaKm


2> RkumRbwkSaPi)al ³ RtUv)ane)aHeqñateLIgedaymhasnñi)at nigCatMNag[smaCiknana

enAkñúgkic©RbCuMmhasnñi)at ³

- RkumRbwkSaPi)almancMnYnBI 5 - 7 nak; rYmTaMgRbFan

- RkumRbwkSaPi)alCYbRbCuMuy:ageTogTat; - erogral;Ex b¤ 2Exmþg

- CaGñksMercelIEpnkaryuT§saRsþ nigpþl;dMbUnandl;GñkRKb;RKg

3> RkumKN³kmkarRKb;RKg ³ TTYlbnÞúkelIkarRKb;RKgsmaKm GaCIvkm ³

- KN³kmkarenH TTYlxusRtUvsRmab;karRKb;RKgskmPaBRbcaMéf¶nana[manRbsiT§iPaB

- CaTUeTAmanGKÁelxaFikar b¤ GñkRKb;RKgmñak; hirBaØikmñak; nigelxamñak;

GñkRKb;RKg ¬b¤GKÁelxaFikar¦³

- TTYlxusRtUvRKb;RKgskmPaBRbcaMéf¶enAkñúgsmaKm[manRbsiT§iPaB

- RKb;RKgbuKÁliksmaKm

- raykarN_CUneTARkumRbwkSaPi)al

elxa ³

- TTYlxusRtUvelIkargarrdæ)al

- kt;RtakMNt;ehtuGgÁRbCuM

- EfrkSaral;lixitsñamnana

- EfrkSaB½t’man nigkMNt;ehtunana[)anKg;vgS

- eFVI[R)akdfasmaCikTTYl)anÉksananaGMBIkaryl;RBm esckþIsMercepSg² nig r)aykarN_

hirBaØvtßú .

karCMrujTwkcitþdl;smaCikRsþI[QreQaH sRmab;kare)aHeqñatCaKN³kmkarRbtibtþienH man

sar³sMxan;Nas; ehIyvaGacCakarcaM)ac;edIm,ITukbRmugekAGImYycMnYn sRmab;smaCik®sþITaMgenaH.

4> svnkrépÞkñúg b¤RkumTTYlkarTukcitþ

- RtUv)ane)aHeqñateRCIserIsedaymhasnñi)at .

- RKb;RKgelImuxnaTIrbs;smaKmGaCIvkm edIm,IeFVI[R)akdfa KN³kmkarRbtibtþidMeNIrkar

GgÁPaB edayGnuelameTAtamesckþIseRmcnanarbs;mhasnñi)at .

- RtUvepÞogpÞat;fasvnkm ¬karRtYtBinitü¦ hirBaØikRtUveFVIeLIgenAerogral;qñaM edayRkumsvnkr

épÞkñúg b¤edayKNenyükrGaCIBNamñak; .

eRkABIKN³kmakarxagelIenH smaKmCaeRcInenARbeTskm<úCa manGñkBieRKaHeyabl;mYyRkum

- GacCapøÚvkar b¤eRkApøÚvkar - CaGñkCYyRkumRbwkSaPi)al . RkumGñkpþl;TIRbwkSa GacmantMNagmk

66

mU:DulTI 12³ karTTYlxusRtUv nig Parkic©nanaenAkñúgsmaKm

BIPñak;garrdæaPi)alnana BIbNþaGgÁkarsgÁm nigGgÁPaBneya)aynana b¤GñkCMnajkar EdlmanbT

BiesaFn_eRCARCH .

GgÁkarelxenH qøúHbBa©aMgBITMnak;TMngzananuRkmenAkñúgGgÁPaB EdlCaTUeTAsmtßkic©sMxan;bMput

RtUvsßitenAfñak;kMBUl .

smaKmtUc² b¤smaKmEdleTIbnwgbegáIt GacminRtUvkarRkumGñkdwknaMTaMgGs;dUcEdl)anerobrab;xagelIenH. GgÁkarelxrbs;eK GacmanlkçN³samBaØdUcxageRkamenH ³

enAkñúgsmaKmCaeRcInenAkm<úCa smaCikrbs;RkumRbwkSaPi)al nigGñkRKb;RKg KWCaGñkeFVIkar

edays½RKcitþ ehIyRtUv)aneKe)aHeqñateRCIserIssMrab;ry³eBlNamYykMNt; . GgÁkarFM²RtUvkarbuKÁlik

EdlmanR)ak;ebovtSr_ . CaTUeTA tMENgnanaenAkñúgRkumGñkRKb;RKg ¬GñkRKb;RKg hirBaØik nigelxa ¦

KWCakargarEdlTTYlebovtSr_ cMENkÉRkumRbwkSaPi)alKWCakargars½RKcitþ .

67


RbPB ³ GgÁkar FAO esovePAFnFansMrab;GnþrRkum ³ karENnaMsMrab;begáItsmaKmksikr nigbNþaj

12>2> karsMerccitþenAkñúgsmaKmGaCIvkm karsMerccitþGaceFVIeLIgeTAtamviFIepSg²Kña ³

- enAkñúgeBlRbCuMmhasnñi)at CaFmta RtUv)aneKerobcMmYyqñaMmþg b¤ ¬BIrdg ¦EdlsmaCikPaK

eRcInCYbCuMKñaeFVIkarsMerc

- enAkñúgeBlRbCuMRkumRbwkSaPi)al CaTUeTA ¬RtUveFVIeLIgerogral;Ex¦ edaymanpþl;karENnaM

sMrab;ry³eBlxøI eTAdl;RkumGñkdwknaM

- enAkñúgkic©RbCuMrbs;KN³kmkar EdlkarsMerccitþerogral;éf¶RtUv)aneFVIeLIg edayKN³kmkar

nigsmaCikepSg²eTot .

smaKmRtUvkarvin½y nignItiviFIsMrab;eFVIesckþIcitþ . ebIsinCaKaneT smaCikEdlcUlcitþrMelaPelI

GñkdéT nwgBüayameFVIkarsMercelIkic©karCaeRcIn ehIysmaCikepSg²eTotnwg)at;bg;TMnukcitþ .

viFImYycMnYnsMrab;eFVIesckþIsMerccitþ man ³

- ksagkarÉkPaBCaFøúgmYy . viFIenHeFVI[R)akdfa mankarKaMRTelIkarsMerccitþBIRKb;smaCik

TaMgGs; nigkarBarGñkPaKtic BIRkumGñkEdlmanKñaeRcInnigrwgmaM b:uEnþvak¾GacTamTareBl

RbCuMd¾Evg nigkarBnüaeBl .

- tammtiGñkPaKeRcIn . karsMerccitþGaceFVIeLIg edaymankarRBmeRBogBIsmaCikPaKeRcIn

51 PaKry b¤elIsBIenH ¦kñúgcMeNamGñke)aHeqñatTaMgGs; . nItiviFIenH minRtUvkareBlevla

yUreT b:uEnþvaGacbgá[manRkumtUc² EdlminÉkPaB b¤mankarrMelaPBIRkummnusS Edlman

KMnitdUcKñaCaeRcIn enAkñúgsmaKm.

- tamviFIsaRsþcMruH . smaKmGaceRbIviFIsaRsþcMruH sMrab;eFVIkarsMerceTAelIkargarepSg²Kña .

sMMrab;kargarCaRbcaM karÉkPaBtammtiPaKeRcIn manPaBrh½s nigl¥bMput . b:uEnþsMrab;kic©kar

sMxan;² EdlGacman\Ti§BleTAelIsmaKmTaMgmUl karksagkarÉkPaBCaFøúgmYykñúgcMeNam

smaCikTaMgGs; manlkçN³RbesIrCag .

68

GñkdwknaMCaRsþI nigGñkEdlmanv½yekg

bTBiesaFn_)anbgðajfa ebIsinCaman»kas RsþInigGñkEdlmanv½yekg GaceFVICaRkumRbwkSa b¤

GñkdwknaMy:agl¥RbesIr . edaysarfa RsþICaerOy²mankarRbugRbyt½ñCamYynwgluykak; )anRbesIr

Cagburs emøaHehIyBYkeKk¾CahirBaØikd¾cMNanEdr . GñkEdlmanv½yekg CaBiessGñkEdlTTYl)an

karsikSal¥ GaccUlrYmcMENkmYyy:agFM tamry³kargarCahirBaØikrg elxa b¤CMnYyKN³kmakar

ehIyBYkeKk¾GacbNþúHbNþalkøayeTACaGñkdwknaMsmaKmnaeBlxagmuxenHEdr .


12>3> taragBiBN’nakargartaragBiBN’nakargarerobrab;GMBIkargar nigkarTTYlxusRtUvnanasRmab;nieyaCikTaMgLay. va

CYyBYkeK[yl;BitR)akdGMBIGVI EdlsmaKmrMBwgTukBIeK nigCYy[yl;viFIEdlBYkeKRtUvTak;Tg

CamYynieyaCitÉeTotenAkñúgGgÁPaB . taragBiBN’nakargarl¥ CYykñúgeRCIserIs nigCYysMrab;vaytMél

kargar nigmin[mankic©karCan;elIKñaelItMENgepSg²Kña . taragBiBN’nakargarKYrrab;bBa©Úl ³

- muxtMENg nigeKalbMNgsMxan;²rbs;kargar

- TMnak;TMngcaM)ac;CamYybuKÁlikÉeTot² GñkEdlRtUvepJIrr)aykarN_CUn ¬nrNaEdlRtUv

Tak;TgCamYy¦

- kargar EdlbuKÁlikrUbenaHRtUvGnuvtþ

- lkçN³sm,tþi smtßPaB nigcMeNHdwg EdlbuKÁlikenaHRtUvman

- l½kçx½NÐkargarCak;lak;nana dUcCakareFVIdMeNIr b¤k_eFVIkarelIsem:ag

69

muxtMENgkargar ³ GKÁelxaFikar

eKalbMNgsMxan;²sRmab;muxtMENg

GKÁelxaFikarrbs;smaKm KWCaGñkelIkkMBs; nigrkSakarvivDÆ RBmTaMgplRbeyaCn_nana

rbs;smaKm . Kat;eFVI[R)akdRbCaeTAelIkarRKb;RKgRbcaMéf¶rbs;smaKm .

muxnaTIsMxan;²

RKb;RKgkic©karRbcaMéf¶enAkñúgsmaKm

RKb;RKgbuKÁlikrbs;smaKm

ksagTMnak;TMng nigPaBCaédKUCamYyGgÁkarxageRkA.l.

kargar

enARtg;kfax½NÐenH cUrdak;bBa©ÚlskmPaBCak;lak;nana EdlnwgRtUvGnuvtþenAGMLúgeBlGaNtþi

bnÞab;. edayGaRs½yelIsmaKm kargarGacrab;bBa©Úl ³ karerobcMnigGnuvtþEpnkaryuT§saRsþ karRbmUl

FnFan nigmUlniFinana karnaMykmknUvKeRmagnanarbs;smaKm EdlkMBugsßitenAkñúgdMeNIrkar edIm,I

seRmclT§plCaTIeBjcitþmYy ¬dUcCa kartaMgBiB½rN_ kmviFI\NTan¦ karRKb;RKgbuKÁlik .l.


70

kareFVIr)aykarN_ nigkarR)aRs½yTak;Tg

GKÁelxaFikareFVIkarenAeRkamkarRKb;RKgrbs;mhasnñi)at ehIyrYmshkary:agCitditCamYy

smaCiknanarbs;KN³kmkarRbtibtþi nigsmaCikKN³kmkarBiess²déTeTot .

KuNvuDÆinigCMnajnanaEdlRtUvkar

mankaryl;dwgRCaleRCAGMBIsmaKm nigsmaCikTaMgLayrbs;smaKm

mankaryl;dwgRbesIrGMBIbriyakasneya)ay sgÁm nigc,ab; EdlTak;Tgnwgkic©Rbtibtþikar

rbs;smaKm

manCMnajeFVIEpnkaryuT§saRsþ

mansmtßPaBeqøIytbRbkbedayRbsiT§PaBkñúgkic©karbnÞan;nana

mansmtßPaBeKogKr nigelIkTwkcitþbuKÁlik

manCMnajBUEkxagTMnak;TMng .l.

.l.

lkçN³Edlcg;)an

edaysarsmaKmmanTMnak;TMngeRcInenAkMrittMbn; nigmansmaCikPaKeRcInCaRsþI vaCakarRbesIr

ebIGñkmkkan;muxtMENgenH CaRsIþEdlrs;enAkñúgtMbn; .

muxtMENgkargar ³ elxaFikarrbs;smaKm


elxaFikarrbs;smaKmRtUveFVI[R)akdfa kic©karrdæ)alEdlCakargarelxa mandMeNIrkarRtwmRtUv

nigmanRbsiT§PaB .

muxnaTIsMxan;²

TTYlxusRtUvkargarrdæ)al nighirBaØvtßú

eFVIkMNt;ehtuenARKb;GgÁRbCuMTaMgGs;

TTYlxusRtUvcMeBaHkarrkSaTuklixitsñamTMnak;TMngTaMgGs;

rkSaTukRKb;B½t’man nigkMNt;ehtuTaMgGs;[mansuvtßiPaB

eFVI[R)akdfa RkummanÉksarnanaGMBIesckþIyl;RBmTaMgGs; niglixitGnuBaØatnana

nigkarcgRkgÉksar. l.


71

muxtMENgkargar ³ hirBaØikrbs;smaKm


hirBaØikrbs;smaKm RtUvcgRkgÉksar nigrkSaÉksarhirBaØvtßúrbs;smaKm RBmTaMgeFVI[RbesIr

eLIgnUvsßanPaBhirBaØvtßú .

muxnaTIsMxan;²

RtYtBinitüemIlkic©karhirBaØvtßúrbs;smaKm RBmTaMgrkSaTukral;kMNt;ehtuhirBaØvtßú

TaMgGs;

TTYlxusRtUvcMeBaHkarrkSaTukedaysuvtßiPaBnUvRTBüsm,tþiCaR)ak;kasTaMgGs;

CaGñkRtYtBinitüemIlKNnIFnaKar

kargar

enARtg;CMBUkenH cUrdak;bBa©ÚlskmPaBCak;lak;nana EdlnwgRtUvGnuvtþeLIgenAGMLúgeBlBI 6 eTA

12 ExbnÞab;. GaRs½yelIesckþIRtUvkarrbs;smaKm kargarGacrab;bBa©Úl ³ cUlrYmRKb;RKghirBaØvtßú

rbs;KeRmagCak;lak;TaMgLay cUlrYmeFVIr)aykarN_hirBaØvtßúRbcaMqñaM.l.

kargar

enARtg;CMBUkenH cUrdak;bBa©ÚlskmPaBCak;lak;nana EdlnwgRtUvGnuvtþenAGMLúgeBlBI 6 eTA

12 Ex bnÞab; . edayGaRs½yelIesckþIRtUvkarrbs;smaKm kargarGacrab;bBa©Úl ³ karENnaM bgðajBI

RbB½n§rkSaTukB½t’man enAkñúgma:suInkMuBüÚT½r kareFVI[R)akdelIkarEckcayRBwtþib½Rt nigkar

TTYl)anlixitGnuBaØatsRmab;karsagsg; .l.


kñúgnamCasmaCikmñak;énKN³kmkarRbtibtþi elxaFikarRtUveFVIkarenAeRkamkarRKb;RKgeday

pÞal;rbs;GKÁelxaFikar nigedayrYmshkary:agCitsñiT§CamYysmaCiknanarbs;RkumRbwkSaPi)al

nigsmaCikKN³kmkarBiess²déTeTot .



manbTBiesaFn_kñúgkic©karrdæ)alsaFarN³ b¤ÉkCn

manCMnajsresr nigCMnajerobcMl¥

manPaBc,as;las;

mankarTukcitþ .l.


72


kñúgnamCasmaCikmñak;énKN³kmkarRbtibtþi hirBaØikRtUveFVIkarenAeRkamkarRKb;RKg eday

pÞal;rbs;GKÁelxaFikar nigrYmshkary:agCitditCamYysmaCiknanarbs;KN³kmkarRbtibtþi

nigsmaCikKN³kmkarBiess²déTeTot .



manbTBiesaFn_kñúgkic©karhirBaØvtßúsaFarN³ b¤ÉkCn

manPaBc,as;las;

mankarTukcitþ

manCMnajkñúgkarsresrr)aykarN_l¥ .l.

73

m:UDulTI 13³ karRKb;RKghirBaØvtßúrbs;smaKm

13>1> sar³sMxan;énkarRKb;RKghirBaØvtßúl¥

karmanRbB½n§RKb;RKghirBaØvtßúd¾l¥mYYy mansar³sMxan;Nas;sMrab;smaKmGaCIvkm . smaKm

GaCIvkm RtUvpþl;B½t’man[)anc,as;las; eTA[smaCikxøÜn GMBIkarcMNayepSg² EdlekItmaneLIg

nigfvikacMNUlepSg² . dUcenHeKRtUvkarviFIsaRsþsMrab;kt;Rta EdlmanPaBsamBaØmYy b:uEnþman

RbsiT§PaB .

mUlehtuCarYmmYy EdleFVI[man»nPaBrbs;GgÁPaBmYy KWkarmincuHsRmug b¤minTukcitþKña CMuvij

bBaðahirBaØvtßú . ebIKanRbB½n§hirBaØvtßúmYYy EdlmantmøaPaB gayyl;)an nigGacdMeNIrkar)an nayk

nigbuKÁlikminGaceFVIkarseRmccitþ)ansmrmüeLIy. GsmtßPaBkñúgkarRKb;RKgkargarhirBaØvtßú

rbs;GgÁPaBmYy KWCaviFIEdlelOnbMput EdlbNþal[ekItmanmnÞilsgS½yfa R)ak;nwgGacRtUv)at;bg;

ehIyeFVI[ElgmankarTukcitþKñakñúgcMeNamsmaCik nigb:HBal;kitþis½BÞsmaKmTaMgmUl .

m:UDulenHminpþl;karbNþúHbNþalTaMgRsug sMrab;KNenyükr nig hirBaØikenaHeT . Etvapþl;KMnit

CamUldæansMrab;RbB½n§kt;Rta edIm,I[GñkdwknaMGacyl;BIB½t’manhirBaØvtßú )ankan;EtRbesIr .

KNenyükr nigGñkkt;Rtarbs;smaKm RtUvkarkarKaMRT nigkarbNþúHbNþalEdlmanlkçN³Cak;lak; .

critlkçN³rbs;RbB½n§KNenyümYyEdll¥ rYmman ³

- B½t’mansþIBIcMNUl nigcMNay KWRtUv)anRbmUlkñúglkçN³CaRbB½n§ .

- karRbmUlTinñn½y Canic©kalRtUvEtmanlkçN³bc©úb,nñPaB ry³eBlcenøaHrvagRbtibtþikar

Edl)aneFVIeLIg nigeBlevlaEdlRtUvkt;RtakñúgKNnI KWRtUvEtmanKmøat Gb,brmabMput .

- B½t’manRtUverobcM nigpþl;eTA[buKÁlikEdlBak;B½n§enAkñúgGgÁPaB.

- minmankarcMNayNamYyRtUv)aneFVIeLIg elIkElgEtmankarBüakrN_enAkñúgfvika b¤man

karGnuBaØatenAkñúgc,ab;rbs;smaKm .

- ral;Éksar nigesovePAKNenyü RtUvcak;esarTukenAeBlNa EdlminmankareRbIR)as; .

- ral;karcuHbBa¢I KWRtUvsresredayTwkexA ehIyminRtUveFVIkarekaslubeLIy .

- RbB½n§KNenyüRtUvmantmøaPaB ehIymanPaBgayyl;sRmab;smaCik nigGñkdwknaM

- RtUvmanr)aykarN_hirBaØvtßúsMxan;² sMrab;[smaCikBiniitü



smaKmGaCIvkmRtUvmannItiviFIc,as;las; EdlbBa¢ak;faGñkNaGacmansiT§sMerckñúgkarcMNay .

CaTUeTA vaRtUvmanhtßelxaBIr sMrab;karcMNaynimYy² edIm,I[mantmøaPaB . hirBaØik nig Gñkkt;Rta

cMNUlcMNay CaTUeTAGacmansiT§sMerceTAelIkarcMNaytUc² . rIÉkarcMNayFM² RtUvEtman

karsMercBIGKÁnayknighirBaØik . karcMNaysMxan;² RtUvEtmankaryl;RBmBIKNkmkarfñak;x<s;.

CaerOy² FnaKarRtUvkarKMrUhtßelxaKMrUrbs;KNkmkar edIm,I[eKGacepÞogpÞat;fa mankarcuHhtßelxa

RtwmRtUvelIb½NÑ\NTan . ebIsinCaKNkmkarfñak;x<s; laQb;BIsmaKm b¤manGñkmkCMnYs smaKm

RtUvbBa¢ÚneQaH nigKMrUhtßelxafIeTA[FnaKar .

13>2> Epnkarfvika EpnkarfvikaKWCaEpnkarhirBaØvtßú EdlbgðajnUvkarsgÇwmTukrbs;smaKmBIcMNUl nigcMNay

sRmab;ry³eBlmYyCaTUeTAKWsRmab;mYyqñaM . vaqøúHbBa©aMgBIEpnkarskmPaB rYmTaMgkareRKagcMNay

nigkar)a:n;RbmaNfvikacMNUl EdlrMBwgTukEp¥ktamcMNUlBImun ehIynigcMNUlBüakrN_BIskmPaB

fI² . karkMNt;eBlevla sRmab;RbtibtþikarnaeBlGnaKtRtUvEtBicarNa . fvikaman : smtulü :

enAeBlcMNaynigcMNUlmankRmitRbhak;RbEhlKña KWmann½yfasmaKmRbEhlCaGacmanfvika

cMNUlRKb;RKan;sRmab;cMNay dUc)anrMBwgTuk . KMeragfvikaRbcaMqñaMKYrRtUv)anyl;RBm edaymhasnñi)at .

kñúgkMLúgeBlénqñaM ]TahrN_ ral;RtImas cMNUl nigcMNayCak;Esþg KYrRtUv)aneRbobeFob

eTAnwgGVI Edl)anBüakrN_kñúgfvika . RbsinebImankarelcecjnUvPaBxusKñaeRcIn rvagcMNUl nig

cMNay b¤mankarekIteLIgnUvcMNayEdlmin)aneRKagTuk dUcCakarcMNaysRmab;PaBmanGasnñ

b¤kar)at;bg;skmPaBcMNUld¾cm,g GñkdwknaMRtUveFVIkarseRmccitþ[)anRtwmRtUv dUcCaEsVgrk

hirBaØvtßúbEnßm b¤kat;bnßykarcMNay . karseRmccitþenHminRtUvp¥akeT ebImindUecñHeT sßankarN_

GaRkk;nwgkan;EtF¶n;F¶reTA² .

74


KeRmagfvika ³ éf¶TI 1 Exmkra dl;éf¶TI 31 ExFñÚ qñaM 2007

13>3> karBüakrN_GMBIlMhUrsac;R)ak; smaKmGaCIvkm EdlmanfvikacMNUl nigcMNayeRcInKYrsm KYreFVIkarBüakrN_GMBIlMhUr

sac;R)ak;rbs;xøÜn[)aneTogTat; edIm,I[R)akdfasmaKmmanfvikaenAkúñgéd enAeBlRtUvkarcMNay .

karBüakrN_ Gac[smaKm)andwg faetIeKnwgmanfvikacMnUlb:unan nigkarcMNayb:unansMrab;ExbnÞab; .

eKk¾Gacdwgfa etIsmaKmnwgxVHxatfvikab:unan nigRtUvcat;viFankarN_bgáary:agNa dUcCakarx©IR)ak;BI

eRkAbEnßm b¤cat;EcgkarcMNayCaeRkaytamry³vik½áyb½Rt . kareFVIdUcenHGac[smaKmR)akdfa

Canic©kaleKmanR)ak; cUleRcInCagR)ak;ecj nigrkSaTuksac;R)ak;bRmugrbs;smaKm .

]TahrN_EpnkarlMhUrsac;R)ak;mandUcteTA ³

75


13>4> esovePAebLa nigesovePAcMNUlcMNay

esovePAebLa nigesovePAcMNUlcMNay KWbgðajBIsac;R)ak;Edl)anTTYl nigkarcMNayeday

smaKm . smtulürbs;esovePAebLa KWbgðajBIcMnYnsac;R)ak;enAkñúgéd . esovePAcMNUl cMNay KW

bgðajBIRbPBsac;R)ak;Edl)anTTYl nigeKalbMNgsac;R)ak;Edl)ancMNay .

smaKmGaCIvkmTaMgLayEdlmanKNnIFnaKar caM)ac;RtUvrkSa : esovePAFnaKar : EdlemIl

eTA RsedogeTAnwgesovePAebLa. vabgðajBIRbPBsac;R)ak; Edl)anTTYlenAkñúgKNnIFnaKar

RBmTaMgeKalbMNgsac;R)ak; EdlcMNayecjBIKNnIFnaKar .

enAcugbBa©b;énGMLúgeBleFVIr)aykarN_nImYy² plsrubkñúgkUeLannImYy nwgRtUvykeTAdak;enA

kñúgr)aykarN_R)ak;cMeNj nigR)ak;xat .

76


karkt;RtacMnYnsac;R)ak;enAkñúgéd RtUvEtmankarRtYtBinitü[)aneTogTat; edIm,IepÞogpÞat;CamYy

sac;R)ak;EdlmanCak;Esþg . cMnYnfvikaGb,brima EdlhirBaØikGacrkSaTuk KYrEtmankarbBa¢ak;[)an

c,as;las;. sMrab;suvtßiPaB fvikaEdlmancMnYneRcIn KYrEtykeTATukenAkñúgKNnIFnaKar[)an

qab;bMput .

Gñkkt;RtacMNUlcMNayrbs;smaKm RtUvrkSaTuknUvral;vik½yb½RtsMrab;ral;fvikacMNay nigral;

vik½yb½Rtrbs;smaKm EdlecjeTAeRkA sMrab;fvikaEdl)anTTYl . vik½yb½RtsMrab;fvikacMNUl

RtUvmanelxerog nigeQaHsmaKm. b¤Gacniyaym:üageTotfa ral;eBlmanfvikacUl nigecj

RtUvmanlixitbBa¢ak;BIRbPBedIm edIm,IFanafaRbtibtþikarmanlkçN³RtwmRtUv .

13>5> r)aykarN_hirBaØvtßú GñkdwknaMrbs;smaKmGaCIvkm RtUvEtraykarN_tamkalkMNt; CUndl;smaCikGMBIsßanPaB

hirBaØvtßúrbs;smaKm . B½t’manRtUvEtbgðajkñúgPaBc,as;las; nigkarTak;TgKña edIm,I[smaCikman

lT§PaB yl;BIsßanPaBfvikarbs;smaKmxøÜn . B½t’manEdleFVI[mankarPan;RcLMnigminRtwmRtUv

GacnaM[mankarminTukcitþkñúgcMeNamsmaCiknana .

77


viFICarYmmYy edIm,IbgðajlT§pl hirBaØvtßú sMrab;ry³eBlNamYyCak;lak; KWtamry³r)aykarN_

R)ak;cMeNjnigR)ak;xat b¤GacehAfa r)aykarN_ ¬cMNUl nigcMNay ¦ . viFITUeTAbMputsMrab;bgðaj

sßanPaBhiBaØvtßúrbs;smaKm enAeBlevla NamYy KWtamry³r)aykarN_smtulü .

r)aykarN_R)ak;cMeNjnigxatenH bgðajfaetIsmaKmrk)anR)ak;cMeNj b¤k¾kMBugEtxat

enAeBlNamYy dUcCasMrab; 6 Ex b¤ 1qñaM.

r)aykarN_R)ak;cMeNjnigxat³ éf¶TI 1 Exmkra dl;éf¶TI 31 ExFñÚ qñaM 200>>>>>

r)aykarN_smtulür)aykarN_smtulü KWbgðajBIsßanPaBhirBaØvtßúrbs;smaKmGaCIvkm enAeBlNamYy ¬CaFmta

enAcugqñaMrbs;KNnI¦ . vabgðajGMBIifvikakñúgéd cMnYnfvikaenAkñúgFnaKar nigRTBüsm,tþiRTBüTaMgGs;

EdlsmaKmman RBmbMNulTaMgGs;EdlsmaKmenACMBak; .l.

RTBüsm,tþirbs;smaKmRtUv)anKNna edaybUkbBa©ÚlnUvGVIEdlsmaKmman nigdkecjnUvGVI

EdlsmaKmCab;CMBak; ¬luyCMBak; nigkatBVkic©epSg² ¦. vapþl;rUbPaBmYyénsßanPaBhirBaØvtßú

rbs;GgÁPaB .

78


r)aykarN_smtulü ³ 31 FñÚ 200>>>>>>

13>6> kargarrdæ)alsMrab;smaCikPaBsmaKmGaCIvkmTaMgLaycaM)ac;RtUvbegáItTinñn½ymUldæan edayeRbIesovePAbBa¢IcuHeQaHsamBaØ

b¤kt;RteTAkñúgkMuBüÚT½r . smaCikTaMgGs;KYrKb,IRtUv)ankt;RtaeTAkñúgTinñn½ymUldæansmaCikPaB

edayerobrab;BIkalbriecäTénkarcUlCasmaCik cMnYnR)ak;EdlRtUvbg;rbs;BYkeK nigB½t’manEdlBak;B½n§

epSg²eTot . GñkcuHbBa¢IRtUvkt;RtacMnYnfvika EdlRtUvdl;eBlbg; nigcMnYnfvikaEdl)anTTYlBI

BYkeKmñak;² .

xageRkamenHKWCakarENnaMxøH sRmab;karRbmUlR)ak;smaCikPaB ³

- mhasnñi)at b¤KN³kmkarRbtibtþi KYrkMNt;R)ak;smaCikPaB EdlRtUvbg;R)ak;erogral;qñaM b¤

¬erogral;RtImas¦ . R)ak;bg;smaCikPaBenH KYrRtUvkMNt;[)ansmrmü edIm,IeFVI[BitR)akd

dl;PaBrs;ranrbs;GgÁPaB .

- smaCikTaMgGs;RtUvEtbg;R)ak;smaCikPaBrbs;xøÜneTAtameBlkMNt; . cMeBaHGgÁPaBtUc²

R)ak;smaCikPaBenHRtUv)anRbmUledayebLakr EtcMeBaHGgÁPaBEdlFM²vij GñkdwknaMsaxa

CaGñkRbmUl . karcuHtamdan dUcCaepJIlixiteRkInrMlwk b¤cuHCYbmñak;² KWCaviFId¾caM)ac; sMrab;

kargarenH .

- smaCikEdlmin)anbg;R)ak;smaCikPaBenH Gac)at;bg;siT§ie)aHeqñat nigminGacTTYl)an

esvaepSg²BIsmaKmeLIy .

79


- smaCikRtUvEt)anTTYlvik½áyb½Rt ehIykarbg;R)ak;RtUvEtkt;RtaeTAkñúgesovePAsmaCikPaB

nigesovePAebLa .

- GñkRtYtBinitüRtUvEtepÞogpÞat;fa smaCikTaMgGs;)anbg;R)ak;smaCikPaBrbs;xøÜn ehIykar

bg;R)ak;enaHRtUv)ankt;Rtay:agRtwmRtUvenAkñúgesovePAebLa nigbBa¢IsmaCik .

13>7> nItiviFIsvnkmsvnkm KWCaGFikarkic©elIKNenyürbs;GgÁPaB . svnkrRtUvRtYtBinitüeTAelIdMeNIrkarKN

enyü faetIvamanPaBRtwmRtUvEdrb¤eT rkemIlcMNucEdlminc,as;las; nigeFVIesckþIraykarN_GMBIkarEkøg

bnøM. svnkmGaceFVIeLIgCalkçN³ : xagkñúg : mann½yfakargarenHeFVIeLIgedaysvnkrxagkñúgrbs;

GgÁPaB b¤edayGñkeCOTukcitþ b¤ : xageRkA : EdleFVIeLIgedayRkumh‘unÉkeTssvnkr .

enAkñúgkrNITaMgBIr RtUvmanr)aykarN_bgðajdl;GgÁsnñi)at edIm,I[smaCikTaMgGs;)anyl;dwg

faetIkarBicarNarbs;svnkr cMeBaHr)aykarN_hirBaØvtßúénsmaKmGaCIvkm manPaBRtwmRtUvEdrb¤eT .

CaTUeTA svnkr³

- erobcMCamYyhirBaØik edIm,IBinitüral;esovePAKNenyü nigbBa¢Isñamnana

- emIl[c,as;fa tYelxenAkñúgesovePAebLa)anbUksrubRtwmRtUv ehIyKancMNayNamYy

pÞúynwgc,ab;rbs;GgÁPaBeLIy .

- BinitüemIlsac;R)ak;enAkñúgéd edayeFobnwgcMnYnR)ak; EdlmanbgðajenAkñúgesovePAebLa.

- epÞogpÞat;emIlvik½yb½Rt EdlCaEpñkmçagénesovePAebLa eFobnwgb½NÑcMNayEdl)an

ecj[ ehIyBinitüemIleGayR)akdfa R)ak;EdlTTYlTaMgGs;RtUv)ancuHkñúgbBa¢IRtwmRtUv .

- epÞogemIlbBa¢IcMNay edayeFobnwgb½NÑcMNay vik½áyb½RtTijTMnijTMagGs; nigTinñn½yKaMRT

epSg²eTot dUcCabBa¢IcuHeQaHrbs;smaCik .

80


- eRbobeFobsmtulüsac;R)ak;rbs;smaKmenAkñúgFnaKar CamYynwgcMnYnTwkR)ak;Edl)an

kt;RtaenAkñúgsRmg;KNnIFnaKar . vaGacmanPaBcaM)ac; kñúgkarEktRmUvmYycMnYn edIm,IsMrb

sMrYleTAelIkarcMNayepSg ³ karR)ak; ¬éføcMNayepSg² EdlenAminTan;)anRbkas[bg;

enAeLIy ¦.

- BinitüemIlbBa¢IsareBIP½NÐ]bkrN_ .

- Binitü nigbBa¢ak;elItaragtulüPaB .

81

82


mU:DulTI 14³ RbPBcMNUl

14>1> RbPBfvikaxagkñúg nigxageRkA

smaKmGaCIvkmRtUvEtbegáItR)ak;cMNUl edIm,Ipþl;esva nigerobcMskmPaBepSg²sMrab;

smaCikxøÜn. smaKmPaKeRcInenARbeTskm<úCa kMBugEtCYbkarlM)akeTAelIkarcMNaysMrab;Rbtibtþikar

rbs;xøÜn. smaKmNaEdlcg;[mankarGPivDÆ nigesßrPaB RtUvEtEsVgrkRbPBfvikaNa Edlman

lMnwg . FnFanhirBaØvtßúTaMgenaH Gac)anmkBIxagkñúg nigBIxageRkA .

RbPBFnFanxagkñúg

- éføsmaCikPaB ¬RbcaMqñaM RbcaMEx¦

- cMNUl)anmkBIskmPaBCaRbcaMrbs;GgÁPaB dUcCaéføCYleRKOgcRk b¤kéRmeCIgsar)anmk

BIkareFVIBaNiC¢km .

- cMNUl)anmkBIesvaEdlpþl;[buKÁlik

- cMNUlBIedImTun nigRTBüsm,tþirbs;GgÁPaB dUcCaéføQñÜlBIGaKar karR)ak;BIkardak;R)ak;snSM

kñúgFnaKar

- cMNUl)anmkBIkarbBa©úHtémøenAkñúgskmPaBBaNiC¢kmnana

FnFanxageRkA

- kar]btßmÖFnFanBIrdæaPi)al b¤rdæGMNacmUldæan

- karKaMRTKeRmagBIm©as;CMnYyGnþrCati nigGgÁkarGPivDÆnana

- karKaMRTBIGgÁkarGPivDÆmUldæan dUcCa NGOs

- GMeNayBIRkumh‘unÉkCn

FnFanxagkñúgmansar³sMxan;Nas; sRmab;esßrPaByUrGEgVgrbs;smaKm . smaKm Edlman

v½ycMNas; KYrEtGacmanfvikaRKb;RKan; Edl)anmkBIRbPBxagkñúg sMrab;karcMNayeTAelIskmPaB

sMxan;² . CaTUeTA fvika)anmkBIsmaCikPaB KYrEtmancMnYn 40 PaKryénRbPBxagkñúg nig 60

PaKryeTot )anmkBIéføesvanana nigskmPaBÉeTot .

vamansar³sMxan;kñúgkarmanRbPBcMNUl[)aneRcIn nigmanGñkCYyKaMRT b¤pþl;mUlniFiepSg²Kña.

karBwgEp¥keTAelIGñkpþl;CMnYyEtmñak; GaceFVI[smaKmCYbkarlM)ak niggayrgeRKaH .

mU:DulTI 14³ RbPBcMNUl

14>2> viFIbgðajsmaKmGaCIvkmrbs;GñksmaKmEdlcg;Tak;TajGñkpþl;CMnYy RtUvecHbgðajsmaKmGaCIvkmrbs;xøÜn nigEpnkarsMrab;

GnaKt . CaTUeTA Gñkpþl;mUlniFiEtgcg;dwgGMBIB½t’manCamUldæan GMBIsmaKmrbs;GñkdUcxageRkamenH ³

- eQaHrbs;smaKm

- TsSn³vis½y ebskkm nigeKalbMNg

- PaBRsbc,ab; nigB½t’manmYycMnYnsþIBIlkçnþik³rbs;smaKm

- smaCikPaB ¬cMnYn critlkçN³¦

- rcnasm<½n§GgÁPaB ¬KNkmkar buKÁlik Rkumkargar¦

- esvakmnana EdlsmaKmpþl;[rbs;smaCikxøÜn

- B½t’manEdlTak;TglMGit ³ Gas½ydæan elxTUrs½BÞ nigTUrsar GIuEm:l KNnIFnaKar

vaGacmansar³sMxan;sMrab;smaKm kñúgkare)aHBum<CakUnesovePAtUc Edlerobrab;GMBIsmaKmxøÜn

ehIyEckcaydl;ral;édKUskþanuBlTaMgLayrbs;GgÁPaB nigsRmab;eKalbMNgTMnak;TMngsaFarN³ .

karbegáItkarTMnak;TMngpÞal;xøÜnCamYyGñktMNagrbs;GgÁPaBpþl;CMnYyTaMgenH k¾CakarsMxan;

pgEdr. karN_enHGacRtUveFVIeLIgedaykarGeBa¢IjBYkeK[mkTsSn³smaKm nigcuHsYrsuxTukçsmaCik

mYycMnYn b¤cUlrYmsikçasala nigkic©RbCMuepSg² .

14>3> KMeragsMeNI Gñkpþl;CMnYyGnþrCati nwgmincab;GarmN_kñúgkarpþl;CMnYyeTA[smaKmTaMgmUleT b:uEnþeKGac

KaMRTKMeragCak;lak;NamYy ¬dUcCakmviFIbNþúHbNþal nigBiBN’BaNiC¢km ¦ . BYkeKsgÆwmfa smaKm

nwgerobcMKMeragsMeNI EdlmanbBa©Úl ³ eKalbMNg skmPaBCak;;lak;nana lT§plrMBwgTuk nigFnFan

EdlRtUvkar . smaKmNaEdlcg;Tak;TajmUlniFiBIraCrdæaPi)al nigPñak;garpþl;CMnYynana KYrmanKMnit

pþÜcepþIm kñúgkarbBa¢ÚnKMeragsMeNIeTA[eK .

sMeNIsMuKYrdak;bBa©Úl³

- cMNgeCIgrbs;KeRmag ³ qøúHbBa©aMgnUvKMnitsñÚlsMxan;rbs;KeRmag

- karkMNt;bBaða ³ mUlehtucm,g EdlnaM[smaKmGaCIvkmcg;GnuvtþKeRmagenH

- briyayGMBIsmaKm ³ ebskkm smaCikPaB nigskmPaBnana

- eKalbMNgrbs;KeRmag

83


eKalbMNgTUeTA

eKalbMNgCak;lak; etImanbBaðaGVIxøH EdlKeRmagKYrEtedaHRsay? etIman»kasGVI

EdleKcg;Tajyk?

- RkumeKaledA ³ cMnYnrbs;GñkTTYlpl critlkçN³ l½kçx½NÐsgÁm nigesdækic© eynD½r Gayu

TItaMg kRmitCMnaj nigcMNUl .

- lT§plrMBwgTuk ³ etIKeRmagnwgpþl;RbeyaCn_GVIxøHdl;RbCaBlrdæ EdlCaRkumeKaledA ?

etIeKGacvas;Evgva)antamrebobNa ?

- skmPaB ³ briyayGMBIskmPaB EdlnwgRtUverobcMeRkamkargarKeRmagenH

- cMNay):an;sansRmab;skmPaB ³ etIeKRtUvkarfvikab:unan? etIGgÁPaBmanbdiPaKEdrb¤eT ?

etImanRbPBNaepSgeTotEdrb¤eT?

- GñkNanwgGnuvtþKeRmag ³ edaybuKÁlik b¤Gñks½RKcitþ? etIeKmanlkçN³sm,tþi nigbT

BiesaFn_GVIxøH?

- cIrPaBrbs;KeRmag ³ etIsmaKmnwgbnþskmPaBrbs;xøÜn bnÞab;BIcugbBa©b;énKeRmageday

viFINa? ehIyCamYynwgFnFanGVIxøH?

enAeBleFVIkarviPaKsMeNIsMu m©as;CMnYynwgcab;GarmN_CaBiesselI ³

- bTBiesaFn_rbs;smaKm kñúgkarRKb;RKgKeRmag

- smtßPaBrbs;smaKmsRmab;RKb;RKgKeRmagCak;lak;

- karRKb;RKghirBaØvtßúrbs;GgÁPaB tmøaPaB nigkarTTYlxusRtUvrbs;GgÁPaB

- \T§iBlrbs;sMeNI eTAelIsmaCik

- cIrPaBrbs;KeRmag ³ etIsmaKmnwgGacbnþKeRmagskmPaB)an eRkayBIkarpÁt;pÁg;fvikaxag

eRkARtUv)anbBa©b; ?

84

85

mU:DulTI 15 ³ karcuHbBa¢IsmaKmGaCIvkmrbs;GñkenAkm<úCa

mU:DulTI 15 ³ karcuHbBa¢IsmaKmGaCIvkmrbs;GñkenAkm<úCa

15>1> karENnaMrbs;rdæaPi)al

smaKmGaCIvkmenAkm<úCaGactMkl;Tuklkçnþik³rbs;eK CamYynwgnaykdæanBaNiC¢kmkñúgRbeTs

RksYgBaNiC¢km . ]bsm<n½§ x CaesovePAENnaM sþIBInItiviFIénkartMkl;Tuklkçnþik³smaKmGaCIvkm

Edl)anerobcMeLIgedayRksYgBaNiC¢km . RbkarsMxan;²man ³

Rbkar1³ TTYlrkSatMkl;TukÉksarlkçnþik³smaKmGaCIvkmnana edIm,IelIkTwkcitþeGaysmaKmeFVI

skmPaBRbkbedaynirnþPaB RBmTaMgbgáreGaymanlkçN³gayRsYlkñúgkarTMnak;TMngCamYy

sßabn½Bak;B½n§ bNþasmaKmGaCIvkmkñúgRsuk nig smaKmGaCIvkmenAelIiBiPBelak.

Rbkar2³ - GaCIvkmKWral;skmPaBTaMgLayNaenAkñúgvis½yksikm BaNiC¢km sib,km esvakm

]sSahkm nigbNþaskmPaBepSgeTot EdlkMNt;edayc,ab; b¤bTbBaØtþiepSg²

- smaKmGaCIvkmmann½yfa nItibuKÁl rUbvnþ½buKÁl EdlmanGaCIBb¤viC¢aCIv³ dUcKñaehIyRbmUl

pþúMKñabegáItCasmaKmbegáItCasmaKm edIm,IEsVgrkplRbeyaCn_[smaCikrbs;smaKm .

- smaKmGaCIvkmKWCaGgÁkarÉkraCümYy mincMNuHKN³bkSneya)ay nigeFVIskmPaB

edIm,ICaplRbeyaCn_dl;smaCikrbs;smaKmenH elImuxsBaØaviC¢aCIv³.

Rbkar3³ ral;sMNMuEbbbTrbs;smaKm EdlRtUverobcMeGaysmRsbeTAtamrUbmnþsmaKmenaH nayk

dæanBaNiC¢kmkñúgRbeTsCaGñkpÁt;pÁg;CUn.

Rbkar4³ kñúgkrNImankarEksMrYlelIlkçnþik³ smaKmGaCIvkmRtUvep£IxøwmsarEdlRtUvEk mknaykdæan

BaNiC¢kmkñúgRbeTs ya:gyUr30éf¶ bnÞab;BIesckþIsMercénsnñi)atrbs;smaKm edIm,IRksYg

eFVIkarerobcMEkERbCUn.

Rbkar5³ smaKmGaCIvkmEdlcuHbBa¢IrYcehIy RtUvep¤Ir)aykarN_RbcaMqñaMmkRksYgBaNiC¢km eGay

)aneTogTat; edIm,IgayRsYlRksYgBaNiC¢kmmanviFankar CYyRTRTg;smaKm.


15>2> plRbeyaCn_énkarcuHbBa¢ICapøÚvkarkarcuHbBa¢ItampøÚvc,ab; RtUvkarcMNayeTAelIkargarrdæ)al rYmman ³ eBlevla Bn§dar nigcMNay

epSg²eTot . elIsBIenHeTAeTot smaKmRtUvmankarGt;Ft;CamYynwgkargarEbbkariyaFibetyü

nigkarrMxanepSg²eTot .

eTaHbICay:agenHkþI karcuHbBa¢Ipþl;plRbeyaCn_mYycMnYn dUcCa ³ karTTYlsÁal;BIrdæaPi)al

sMrab;CaédKUBiPakSa siT§ikñúgkareFVIskmepSg²ebIRtUvkar mansiT§iebIkKNnIenAFnaKar mansiT§ikñúgkar

Rbtibtþi nigcUlrYmedjéføkñúgnam[smaCik . karcuHbBa¢Ik¾eFVI[smaKmmanfan³enAkñúgsgÁm nig

kareKarBBIshKmn_ nigsmaCikxøÜn . ebIsinCaKankarcuHbBa¢I smaKmBi)akTak;TgsuMmUlniFiBIGñk

pþl;CMnYy b¤rdæaPi)al .

86

87

m:UDulTI 16 ³ karrIklUtlas; nigvisalPaB


mU:DulenHnwgpþl;nUv]bkrN_mYycMnYnsMrab;karviPaK nigerobcMEpnkaryuT§saRsþ ³

1/ karviPaKEbbsVt

2/ karviPaKGñkBak;B½n§

3/ EpnkaryuT§saRsþ

16>1> viPaKcMNucxøaMg cMNucexSay »kas nigkarKMramkMEhg

karviPaKEbbsVt KwCa]bkrN_mYyd¾l¥sMrab;viPaKsmaKm nigbriyakarrbs;eK . sVtmann½y

facMNucxøaMg cMNucexSay »kas nigkarKMramkMEhg . cMNucxøaMg nigcMNucexSay KWCaktþaxagkñúg

É»kas nigkarKMramkMEhg KWCaktþaxageRkA . karyl;dwgGMBIkarviPaKtamEbbsVt CYy[smaKm

GaCIvkm epþatelIcMNucxøaMg nigrkdMeNaHRsaysMrab;cMNucexSay RBmTaMgTajykplRbeyaCn_

d¾RbesIrBI»kas EdleKman .

cMNucxøaMgnigcMNucexSay GacTak;TgenAnwgcMNucCaeRcInenAkñúgsmaKm dUcCasmtßPaB

RKb;RKg sßanPaBhirBaØvtßú KuNPaBesvakmrbs;smaKm yuT§saRsþsMrab;eFVIkarR)aRs½yTak;Tg

b¤mYyk¾ekrþ_eQaH rbs;smaKmenAkñúgcMeNamGñkBak;Bn½§rbs;xøÜn .

»kasnigkarKMramkMEhgTaMgLay GacRtUvkMNt;enAkñúgvis½ymYycMnYn . dUcCa ³

- sßanPaBesdækic©TUeTArbs;RbeTs b¤tMbn; ³ karlUtlas; GtiprNa .l.

- sßanPaBneya)aysMxan;²³ sRgÁam GesßrPaBneya)ay RBwtþikarN_enARbeTsCitxag

- plb:HBal;elIkarcMNay EdlbNþalmkBIeRKaHFmCati

- c,ab; Bn§Gakr

- »kasTIpSar bBaða b¤ninñakar

- PaBpþac;mux b¤CMhrrwgmaMrbs;GtifiCn b¤GñkpÁt;pÁg;kñúgkareFVIBaNiC¢km

- kardwkCBa¢Ún ³ ry³cm¶ay nigkarcMNay

- bec©kviTüa

- lT§PaBTTYlR)ak;km©I


88

krNIsikSa³ viPaKcMNucxøaMg cMNucexSay »kas nigkarKMramkMEhgrbs;smaKmsib,krkm<úCa

smaKmsib,km<úCa )aneFVIkarviPaK SWOT edaymankarcUlrYmBIsmaCikCaeRcIn. xageRkamenHCa

]TahrN_mYycMnYnGMBIcMNucxøaMg cMNuyexSay »kas nigkarKMramkMEhg EdlsmaKm)ankMNt;eXIj ³

k/ cMNucxøaMg

- karbNþúHbNþalsMrab;smaCikmanKuNPaBx<s;

- EckcayB½t’manfI² nigeFVIkarR)aRs½yTak;TgCamYysmaCik nigGtifiCn

- manlT§PaBlk;plitplrbs;xøÜnenATIpSarGnþrCati

- manlT§PaBTTYl)anB½t’manGMBIskþanuBlGtifiCn

- manekrþ_eQaHl¥kñúgcMeNamGñkpþl;CMnYy

- mankarRKb;RKgl¥ manCMnajl¥² nigmanbuKÁlikEdlmankarebþCJacitþ

- manTMnak;TMngl¥CamYyPñak;garbs;raCrdæaPi)al

x/ cMnucexSayrbs;smaKmsib,krkm<úCa

- minTan;)aneFVIkarcuHtamdanelIkarbNþúHbNþalEdl)aneFIVrYc CamYysmaCikEdlenAq¶ay²

- xVHkarCYyKaMRTxagCMnYybec©keTs EdlsmaCikRtUvkar

- RbBnæ½B½t’manenAminTan;l¥RKb;RKan;

K/ »kasrbs;smaKmsib,krkm<úCa

- RbCaRbiyPaB nigPaBeBjniymrbs;sib,km EdleFVIedayédrbs;Exr TaMgenATIpSarkñúgRsuk

k¾dUcCaTIpSarGnþrCati

- KuNPaBénplitplrbs;smaCik mankMritx<s; dUcenHBYkeKGacRbkYtRbECg)an TaMgenATIpSar

kñúgRsuknigeRkARsuk

- manskþanuBlCaeRcInkñúgkarlk; GaRs½yedaysb,úrsFm’rbs;GtifiCn Edlcg;CYyCn)at;bg;

lTæPaBBlkm

X/ karKMramkMEhg

- PaBtantwgeTAelIEpñkbriyakasneya)aykñúgRbeTs CMgWpþasaybkSI nigePrvkm GacCH

\TæiBl dl;karhUrcUlrbs;ePJóveTscrN_ EdlCaGtifiCnd¾sMxan;kñúgkarTijplitplrbs;

smaKm

- manKURbKYtRbECgenAkñúgRsuk

- plitplrbs;RbeTsCitxag mantMélefakCagplitpl EdlplitedaysmaCikrbs;

smaKm


vamansarHsMxan;kñúgkarGeBa¢IjRsþICashRKin [cUlrYmenAkñúgkarviPaKcMNucxøaMg cMNucexSay

»kas nigkarKMramkMEhg nigdak;bBa©ÚlTsSn³rbs;BYk . RsþICaGaCIvkr GacmanbTBiesaFn_GMBIkarKMram

kMEhg nig»kasBIbriyakarGaCIvkm xusEbøkBIburs ehIycMNucxusKñaTaMgenH RtUvEteFVIkarqøúHbBa©aMg

enAkñúglT§plénkarviPaK SWOT . RsþIk¾GacmanTsSn³xusBIbursTak;TgeTAnwgcMNucxøaMg nigcMNuc

exSayrbs;smaKm. ]TahrN_ vaGacmansßanPaBxøH Edlburscat;TukfakarR)aRs½yTak;Tg

enAkñúgsmaKmmanPaBl¥RbesIrehIy b:uEnþRsþIyl;favaenAminTan;l¥RKb;RKan;enAeLIy . eKKYrEtyk

cMNucxusEbøkKñaTaMgenH mkdak;enAelItu ehIyeFVIkarviPaK faetIRsþInigburs TTYl)anplRbeyaCn_

RtwmkMritNaBIskmPaBnanarbs;smaKm.

16>2> karviPaKGñkBak;B½n§ GgÁPaBnigmnusSepSg²Kña mankarcab;GarmN_tamehtuplepSgKña eTAelInwgskmPaBrbs;

smaKmGaCIvkm . GgÁkar nigmnusSxøHGacmancMNab;GarmN_dUcKña dUcCakarGPiDÆn_shRKasFuntUc.

b:uEnþGñkepSgGacmancMNab;GarmN_epSgeTAvij dUcCaeKmincg;[smaKmrIkFMCagenHeTot b¤man

GMNacCag . mnusSb¤GgÁkarTaMgenHeKehAfa :GñkBak;B½n§ : .

karviPaKGñkBak;B½n§ bgðajGMBIGñkBak;B½n§sMxan;² nig)a:n;RbmaN faetIcMNab;GarmN_rbs;BYkeK

TMngCaman\T§iBlmkelIsmaKmy:agNaxøH .

89


CMhansMrab;viPaKGñkBak;B½n§

1> kMNt;GñkBak;B½n§TaMgGs; ³

- Pñak;garrdæaPi)alTaMgfñak;Cati nigfñak;mUldæan

- Gñkpþl;esvakmcm,g²mYycMnYn

- shRKasFM²

- smaKmGaCIvkmepSg²eTot

- GñkpÁt;pÁg;sMxan;²

- GtifiCnFM²

- kmkr nigGgÁkarnieyaCk

- GgÁkarRsþI

- Gñkpþl;CMnYy

- GgÁkareRkArdæaPi)al

- sßab½nhirBaØvtßú

2> sMrab;GñkBak;B½n§nimYy² )a:n;RbmaNeTAelIcMNab;GarmN_ b¤\Ti§Blrbs;BYkeKmkelIsmaKm

- etIeKmancMNab;GVI mkelIsmaKm?

- etIeKGacman\Ti§BlmkelIsmaKm nigsmaCiky:agdUcemþc?

- etIeKmankarrMBwgTukGVIxøHBIsmaKm?

- etIeKGacpþl;GVIxøHdl;smaKm?

- etIeKGacmaneKalbMNgGaf’kM)aMgNamYy Edrb¤eT?

16>3> EpnkaryuT§saRsþ EpnkaryuT§saRsþ KWCakardak;bBa©ÚlKñaTaMgeKalbMNg nigskmPaBnana EdlGgÁPaBmYycg;

Gnuvtþ ¬enAkñúgry³eBlkMNt;mYy dUcCa1-3qñaM¦ ehIynigviFIEdlEpnkarenHeqøIytbeTAnwgl½kçx½NÐ

l¥ nigGaRkk;nana EdlRtUvRbQmmux .

EpnkaryuT§saRsþRKbdNþb;elIral;skmPaBrbs;smaKm minfasmaKm)anmUlniFiBIRbPB

xøÜnÉg b¤xageRkA . sRmab;skmPaBxøH smaKmGaccg;Tak;TajmUlniFiBIxageRkA ehIynwgRtUvkarerobcM

sMeNIsMueTAm©as;CMnYy .

critlkçN³rbs;EpnkaryuT§saRsþEdll¥ ³

- RtUv)anENnaMedayRbeyaKebskmrbs;smaKm

- cMnuccab;epþImrbs;va KWGtßRbeyaCn_ tRmUvkar nigGaTiPaBrbs;smaCik . enAkñúgGgÁPaB Edl

manTMhMtUc vagayRsYlkñúgkarTTYlykKMnitrbs;smaCik sþIBIEpnkaryuT§saRsþenH .

90


enAkñúgGgÁkarFM² dMeNIrkarBieRKaHeyabl;d¾eBjeljmYy KWCakarcaM)ac; .

- EpnkaryuT§saRsþenH Ep¥kelIkarviPaKbriyakasenAkñúgRbtibtþikarrbs;smaKmGaCIvkm

CaBiess elIkarKMramkMEhg nig»kascm,grbs;smaKm .

- yuT§saRsþenHRtUverobcMcat;GaTiPaB[c,as;las;sRmab;smaKm . kñúgkrNIxøH vanwgmansarH-

sMxan;esIKña kñúgkarbBa¢ak;nUvGVI EdlsmaKmGaCIvkm minbRmugnwgGnuvtþ .

- erobrab;rcnasm½<n§ nigFnFanBitR)akd rYmmanFnFanhirBaØvtßú FnFanmnusS nigFnFan

bEnßmepSg²eTot EdlsmaKmGaCIvkmmanEpnkarykmkeRbIR)as; tRmUvkarFnFan KYrEt

smRsbeTA nwglT§PaBEdlmanRsab; .

- EpnkarenHKYrbBa¢ak;[)anc,as; niggayyl; edIm,I[smaCiknigGñkBak;B½n§TaMgGs; Gacyk

eTAeFVIkarBiPakSa .

EpnkaryuT§saRsþRtUvEtGaceqøIytbnwgsMNYrdUcteTA ³

- etIsmaKmmaneKalbMNgGVIxøH?

- etIsmaKmcg;sMerc)anlT§plGVIxøH enAqñaMxagmuxenH?

- etIRtUvGnuvtþskmPaBGVIxøH edIm,IeFVI[BitR)akdfa smaKmnwgsMerc)annUveKaledArbs;eK?

- etIGñkNanwgTTYl)anplRbeyaCn_?

- etIskmPaBnwgRtUvGnuvtþenATINa? ¬kMNt;eBlevla[)anc,as;las; ¦

- etIGñkNanwgTTYlxusRtUveTAelIskmPaBnimYy²?

- etIkarrIkcMerInnwgRtUvvas;Evg nigRtYtBinitüedayviFINa? etIGVIeTACaeKalKnøwH b¤lkçN³vinicä½y

kargar?

CMhanepSg²sMrab;erobcMEpnkaryuT§saRsþ³

1> karerobcM

- kt;RtanUvkgVl;sMxan;²rbs;smaKmGaCIvkm EdlRtUvykmkBicarNaenAkñúgkareFVIEpnkar

- eRCIserIsKN³kmkardwknaM nigkMNt;faetImanRtUvkarCMnYyBIxageRkAEdrb¤eT

- eRKagdMeNIrkareFVIEpnkar

- CMruj[manebþCJacitþBIsmaCik nigGñkdwknaM sRmab;dMeNIrkarbnþEpnkar

2> karviPaK

- dak;bBa©ÚlKñanUvB½t’manGMBIRbvtþisMxan;²rbs;smaKm

- BinitüsßanPaBBImun bc©úb,nñ nigGnaKt rYmmanbriyakas nigGñkBak;B½n§

- kMNt;bBaðaKnøwH nigCeRmIsepSg²

3> begáItTisedA

- begáItTsSn³vis½yrbs;GgÁPaB enAeBlGnaKt

91


- kMNt;faetIRtUvnaMGgÁPaBeq<aHeTAmux naeBlGnaKtenHedayrebobNa?

- begáItBRgagEpnkardMbUg

4> RtYtBinitüeLIgvij nigGnum½tEpnkar

- karRtYtBinitüeLIgvij nigeFIV[Epnkar)anRbesIreLIg

- Gnum½tEpnkar ¬mhasnñi)at¦

5> Gnuvtþ nigRtYtBinitüEpnkar

- GnuvtþEpnkar

- RtYtBinitüPaBeCOnelOn

- eFVIkarføwgEføg

- erobcMEktMrUvEpnkar[Tan;eBlevlayUr²mþg

92

]bsm<½n§ k ³ lkçnþik³smaKm]sSahkmtUc nig mFümPñMeBj

]bsm½<n§ k ³ lkçnþik³smaKm]sSahkmtUc nig mFümPñMeBj

CMBUk IeKalbMNg

Rbkar 1 ³ smaKm]sSahkmtUc nigmFümPñMeBj Edl)anbegáIteLIgenH CaGgÁkarÉkraCü

mYymincMNuHKN³bkSneya)ay nigeFVIskmPaBedIm,ICaplRbeyaCn_dl;smaCik

rbs;smaKm .

Rbkar 2 ³ smaKmmaneKaledARbmUlpþúMplitkr ]sSahkr nigsib,krTaMgGs;kñúgraCFanI

PñMeBjeday minRbkan;ninñakarneya)ayGVIeLIy .

Rbkar 3 ³ smaKm]sSahkmtUcnigmFümenH eFVIskmPaBelIEpñk]sSahkm sib,km

TaMgGs;kñúgTUTaMgraCFanIPñMeBj .

Rbkar 4 ³ smaKmenH manRbtibtþikarCaGciéRnþy_ edayKankarkMNt;kalbriecäT .

CMBUk IInamkrN_ Gas½ydæan

Rbkar 5 ³ smaKmmaneQaHfa ³ smaKm]sSahkmtUc nig mFümPñMeBj

- maneQaHCaPasaGg;eKøs Phnom Penh Small and Medium Industry

Association

- sresrkat;CaGkSrExr {s]P} sresrkat;CaGkSrGg;eKøs "PSMIA"

- Gas½ydæanelx552-556 pøÚvCatielx2 sgáat;cak;GERgelI xNÐmanC½y

raCFanIPñMeBj .

- eQaH nig Gas½ydæan Gacpøas;bþÚr)anGaRs½yedayRkumRbwkSaPi)alsmaKm

CaGñksMerc

CMBUk III

Parkic©rbs;smaKm

Rbkar 6 ³ smaKmmanParkic©dUcxageRkam ÷

- RbmUlbNþaplitkr ]sSahkr sib,kr eGaymankarsamKÁIÉkPaBKña kñúg

skmPaB plitkm GaCIvkm Fana)annUvesßrPaB nigkarrIkcMerIndl;sgÁm .

- BRgIkkic©shkarCYyKñaeTAvijeTAmk kñúgdMeNIrkarplitkm GaCIvkm nigbMeBj

nUvtYnaTI CaGñkpSaP¢ab;rvagTIpSar nigplitkm .

93


- begáInTMnak;TMngCitsñiT§CamYysßab½nCMnajBak;B½n§ GgÁkarnanakñúgkarbgálkçN³

gayRsYl nigelIkTwkcitþkarGPivDÆn_plitkmRKb;vis½yeGaymankarrIkcMerIn .

- begáInsmtßPaBdl;shRKasplitkm ]sSahkm sib,kmTaMgGs;cUlrYmRbkYt

RbECg CamYybNþaRbeTsCitxag nigsklelak .

- EckrMElkKñanUvB½t’manTIpSar nigB½t’manbec©kviTüa ecjpSayÉksar nigRBwtþib½Rt

epSg² EdlTak;Tgdl;skmPaBnanarbs;smaKm .

- esñIeyabl;dl;raCrdæaPi)al kñúgkarbegáIteKalneya)aysmRsb sMrab;karGPivDÆn_

plitkm GaCIvkm ]sSahkm sib,km .

- CYypþl;kargardl;RbCaBlrdæ .

- tMNageGaysmaCikRKb;rUb kñúgkarkarBarnUvsiT§iRbeyaCn_elImUldæanc,ab;

rbs;rdæ .

CMBUk IV

smaCikPaB

Rbkar 7 ³ smaCikPaBsmaKm ebIkTUlaycMeBaHrUbv½nþbuKÁl b¤nItibuKÁl EdlCashRKas

plitkm plitkr ]sSahkr sib,kr kñúgTUTaMgraCFanIPñMeBj .

smaCikPaBénsmaKm man4RbePT³- smaCik sßabnik

- smaCik kitþiys

- smaCik skm

- smaCik samBaØ

1- smaCiksßabnik CasmaCikskm EdlCaGñk)anpþÜcepþImbegáItsmaKm nigksag

lkçnþik³rbs;smaKm .

2- smaCikkitþiys CaGñkEdl)anpþl;viPaKTanCafvikab¤CasMPar³pÞal;xøÜnCaKuN

RbeyaCn_ sMrab;smaKm EdlmanTwkR)ak;cab;BI 500>000erol eLIgeTAkñúg

mYyqñaM .

3- smaCikskm KWCasmaCikEdlcUlrYmeFVIskmPaBTUeTAkñúgsmaKm ehIyCaGñk

s½RKcitþbg;R)ak; cMnYn 20>000erol b¤elIsBIenHkñúgmYyEx .

4- smaCiksamBaØ CasmaCikEdlcUlrYmkñúgskmPaBRtwmEtCaGñksegátkarN_

ehIybg;viPaKTan CUnsmaKmtamkars½RKcitþ .

5- ral;nItibuKÁl b¤rUbv½nþbuKÁl EdlmanbMNgcg;cUlCasmaCiksmaKm RtUvdak;Bakü

suMcUl tamEbbbTEdlmankMNt;kñúgbTbBa¢aépÞkñúgrbs;smaKm .

94


Rbkar 8 ³ smaCikTaMgGs;rbs;smaKm nwg)at;smaCikPaBrbs;xøÜneday ÷

- karlaQb; b¤

- mrN³PaB b¤

- esckþIsMercBIGgÁRbCuMRkumRbwkSaPi)al edaymtiPaKeRcInelIsBak;kNþal .

smaCikRtUveKbeNþjecj mansiT§ikñúgkarbþwgeTAtulakar ebIxøÜnyl;fakarbeNþj

ecjenHBuMRtwmRtUvtamc,ab; .

CMBUk VsiT§i nig karTTYlxusRtUvrbs;smaCikPaB

Rbkar 9 ³ smaCikTaMgGs;mansiT§i ÷

- cUlrYmRbCuMrbs;smaKm tamlixitGeBa¢Ijrbs;smaKm .

- cUlrYmkñúgskmPaBrbs;smaKm tamkarkMNt;rbs;snñi)at .

- eFVIKMeragEpnkarc,as;las;rbs;xøÜn nigmUldæanxøÜn ehIybBa¢ÚnmksmaKm .

Rbkar 10 ³ manEtsmaCikskmeT EdlmansiT§iQreQaHeGayeKe)aHeqñat nige)aHeqñateRCIs

taMgRkumRbwkSaPi)al .

Rbkar 11 ³ karTTYlxusRtUv nigkatBVkic©rbs;smaCik KWeKarBGnuvtþtamesckþIsMercrbs;snñi)at

smaKm .

CMBUk VIGMBIsnñi)at

Rbkar 12 ³ smaKmRtUv)andwknaMedayGgÁsnñi)at GgÁsnñi)atmansnñi)atsamBaØ nigsnñi)at

visamBaØ . smasPaBénGgÁsnñi)atman smaCikskm smaCikkitþiys smaCik

sßabnikTaMgGs; tMNagGgÁPaBrdæ)alBak;B½n§ nigsmaCiksamBaØ EdlTTYlkar

GeBa¢IjBIRkumRbwkSaPi)al . smaCiktMNagGgÁPaBrdæ)al smaCikdéTeTot

eRkABIsmaCikskm EdlRtUvGeBa¢IjeGaycUlrYm mansMelgpþl;;eyabl;b:ueNÑaH .

Rbkar 13 ³ GgÁsnñi)at manParkic©dUcteTA ÷

- eRCIserIsRkumRbwkSaPi)alsmaKm .

- Binitü nigGnum½tfvikaRbcaMqñaMrbs;smaKm .

- bUksrubkargarknøgmk nigerobcMeKalneya)aykmviFIGPivDÆn_smaKm .

- ral;esckþIsMercTaMgLayrbs;GgÁsnñi)at RbFansmaKmTTYlbnÞúkykeTA

Gnuvtþ .

Rbkar 14 ³ rebobRbCuMsnñi)at

- snñi)atsamBaØ RtUvRbCuMmYyqñaMmþg tamkarekaHGeBa¢Ijrbs;RkumRbwkSaPi)al .

- ebImankarcaM)ac; RbFansmaKmesñIRbCuMsnñi)atvisamBaØbEnßmeTot .

95


- RbFansmaKmRtUvpþl;dl;smaCikTaMgGs; nUvrebobvar³eGay)an7éf¶muneBl

ebIksnñi)at

- GgÁsnñi)atRtUvdwknaMedayRbFansmaKm b¤GñkCMnYsEdlmanzan³x<s;bnÞab;

kñúgkrNIRbFanGvtþmanGnuRbFanGacdwknaMedaysmaCikRkumRbwkSa Edlman

GayueRcInCageK .

- kUr:Umrbs;GgÁsnñi)at tMrUveGaymanvtþmansmaCiksnñi)at50PaKry bUk01 én

smaCikrbs;smaKm .

- ebIsinkUr:UmminRKb;tamkMNt;xagelIeT RbFansmaKmRtUvekaHRbCuMCaelIkTIBIr

enAry³eBl7 éf¶eRkay ehIykUr:UmEdlRtUvkMNt;KW 1PaK3éncMnYnsmaCik

rbs;smaKm .

- krNIkUr:UmminRKb;cMnYneTot RkumRbwkSaPi)alRtUvekaHRbCuMCaelIkTIbI enAry³eBl

3éf¶ eRkay ehIykarRbCuMelIkenH BuMcaM)ac;KitkUr:UmeT .

Rbkar 15 ³ esckþIsMercrbs;GgÁsnñi)at

- RtUvyktamsMelgPaKeRcInénsmaCikvtþman kñúgkrNImansMelgesIKñasMelg

xagRbFancat;TukCa)ankar .

- esckþIsMercrbs;snñi)at RtUvkt;RtacUlkMNt;ehtuRtwmRtUv .

- karpSBVpSayB½t’mansþIBIsnñi)at RtUvmankarGnuBaØatiBIRbFansmaKm .

CMBUk VIIRkumRbwkSaPi)al

Rbkar 16 ³ RkumRbwkSaPi)alsmaKm mansmasPaBy:agtic5nak; y:ageRcIn25nak; RkumRbwkSa-

Pi)al dwknaMeday ÷

1- RbFan>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 01 rUb

2- GnuRbFan>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 01 rUb b¤eRcIn

3- elxaFikar>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 01 rUb b¤eRcIn

4- hirBaØwk>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 01 rUb

5- hirBaØwkrg>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 01 rUb

- smaCikRkumRbwkSaPi)al RtUv)ansnñi)ateRCIstaMgeLIgsMrab; 03qñaMmþg .

- smaCikRkumRbwkSaPi)alcas; GacQreQaHeGayeKeRCIserIsCafIeTot)an .

- smasPaBRkumRbwkSaPi)al )anmkBIkare)aHeqñatCaskl nigsm¶at;rbs;GgÁ

snñi)at . smasPaBRkumRbwkSaEdlRtUvCab;CaRbFan/ GnuRbFan/ elxaFikar/

hirBaØwk/ smaCik/ KWGnuelameTAtamsMelgeqñateRcInbnþbnÞab; edayELk

cMeBaHebkçCnCaRbFan ebITTYl)ansMelgeqñatesIKña RtUveRCIserIsykGñkEdl

manGayueRcInCaeKeFVICaRbFan nigGayuticCag eFVICaGnuRbFan .

96


Rbkar 17 ³ ebIyl;eXIjfaCakarcaM)ac; RkumRbwkSaPi)al GacbegáItKN³kmkar 01 b¤eRcIn

edIm,IbMeBjParkic©epSg²kñúgnamsmaKm . smaCikKN³kmkar RtUveRCIserIskñúg

cMeNamsmaCikrbs;RkumRbwkSaPi)al . RbFanKN³kmkar RtUveRCIserIskñúg

cMeNamsmaCikKN³kmkareday RkumRbwkSaPi)al.

Rbkar 18 ³ muxgarrbs;RkumRbwkSaPi)al

k- RbFan³

- RbFansmaKmTTYlxusRtUvdwknaMral;kargarTaMgGs;rbs;smaKm .

x- GnuRbFan³

- GnuRbFansmaKmCaCMnYykareGayRbFan ehIyTTYlxusRtUvCYsRbFan enAeBl

RbFan Gvtþman b¤)at;bg;smaCikPaB .

K- hirBaØwk³

- hirBaØwkCaGñkRbmUlfvikaTaMgGs;sMrab;smaKm nigEfrkSanUvral;Éksar

hirBaØvtßú .

X-elxaFikar³

- elxaFikar CaGñkTTYlbnÞúkkic©karrdæ)al nigCaelxaFikareGaysmaKm .

Rbkar 19 ³ Parkic©rbs;RkumRbwkSaPi)al

- erobcMsnñi)at kMNt;rebobvar³ eBlevla TIkEnøg .

- eFVIr)aykarN_ GMBIskmPaBkargarCUnGgÁsnñi)at .

- eFVIkMNt;ehtuénGgÁsnñi)at .

- Gnuvtþral;esckþIsMercrbs;GgÁsnñi)at .

- GnuvtþkargaredayminykR)ak;ebovtSr_ .

- edaHRsaykargarRbcaMéf¶rbs;smaKm .

Rbkar 20 ³ RkumRbwkSaPi)alRtUvRbCuMkargarkñúg 3Exmþg tamkarekaHGeBa¢Ijrbs;RbFan .

rebobrbbRbCuMRkumRbwkSaPi)al kMNt;kñúgbTbBa¢aépÞkñúgrbs;smaKm .

CMBUk VIIIfvika nig RbPBFnFan

Rbkar 21 ³ fvika nigRbPBFnFansmaKm )anmkBI ÷

- viPaKTanrbs;smaCik .

- CMnYy b¤GMeNayrbs;sb,úrsCn b¤GgÁkarnana TaMgkúñg nigeRkARbeTs .

- kMérepSg² Edl)anmkBIIesvarbs;smaKm .

Rbkar 22 ³ ral;karcMNayEdlCaplRbeyaCn_rbs;smaKm RtUvmankarGnuBaØatiBIRbFan

smaKm .

97


CMBUk IX

karEkERblkçnþik³ karrMsay nigCMrHbBa¢I

Rbkar 23 ³ lkçnþik³enHGacEkERb)an luHRtaEtmansmaCikcUlrYmsnñi)atyl;RBmedaysMelg

PaKeRcIn 50PaKry bUk01 . sMeNIEkERblkçnþik³ RtUveFVIeLIgedaysmaCik

y:agtic 25PaKryénsmaCikeRCIstaMg ehIysMeNIenHRtUvdak;CUnRkumRbwkSaPi)al

mYyExmunsnñi)at .

Rbkar 24 ³ GVIEdlminmanEcgkñúglkçnþik³enHGacRtUvbMeBj nigbBa¢ak;bEnßmkñúgbTbBa¢aépÞkñúg

rbs;smaKm .

Rbkar 25 ³ RbsinebIRkumRbwkSaPi)alyl;eXIjfa smaKmenHminGacRbRBwtþieTA)aneTot

RkumRbwkSaPi)al RtUvekaHsnñi)atvisamBaØ edIm,I ÷

- e)aHeqñatrMsaysmaKm .

- begáItKN³kmkar CMrHbBa¢Icln³RTBü nigGcln³RTBürbs;smaKmenH .

esckþIsMercsþIBIkarrMsaysmaKm GaRs½yedaysMelgKaMRT2PaK3énsmaCikvtþman .

CMBUk XGvsanb,BaØtþi

Rbkar 26 ³ smaCikTaMgGs;rbs;smaKm RtUveKarBdac;xatnUvlkçnþik³ nigbTbBa¢aépÞkñúg

rbs;smaKm.

Rbkar 27 ³ smaCikRKb;Can;fñak;rbs;smaKm RtUveKarBy:agx¢ab;x¢ÜnrdæFmnuBaØénRBHraCaNa-

cRkkm<úCa bTbBaØtþi nigbTbBa¢arbs;raCrdæaPi)al rYmTaMgc,ab;GnþrCatinana .

eFVIenAPñMeBj/ éf¶TI 22 Ex ]sPa qñaM 2003

RbFansmaKm

ehg h‘ag

98

]bsm½<n§ x ³ bTbBa¢anignItiviFInana edIm,IbegáItsmaKmkñúgRbeTskm<úCa


GarmÖkfaeyagtamkarENnaMrbs;Ék]tþmrdæmRnþIRksYgBaNiC¢km naykdæanBaNiC¢kmkñúgRbeTs )ane)aH

Bum<esovePAENnaMsþIBInItiviFIénkartMkl;Tuklkçniþk³smaKmGaCIvkmenHeLIg edIm,IbgánUvlkçN³

gayRsYldl;bNþaGaCIvkr esvakr sib,kr plitkr k¾dUcCasmaKmGaCIvkmepSg² EdlbegáIt

ehIykñúgkartMkl;Tuklkçnþik³smaKmCapøÚvkarenARksYgBaNiC¢km .

kare)aHBum<enHRtUv)anerobcMeLIg kñúgeKalbMNgpþl;nUvesckþIENnaMGMBInItiviFI EdlTak;Tindl;

kartMkl;TuknUvlkçnþik³smaKmGaCIvkmnana .

ehIyxJúMsgÇwmfa esovePAenHnwgmansar³RbeyaCn_ CaCMnYysartIcMeBaHGaCIvkr esvakr sib,kr

plitkr ksikr enATUTaMgRBHraCaNacRkkm<úCa edIm,IbegáItsmaKmrbs;xøÜn[manPaBRsbc,ab; .

yI KwmesgRbFannaykdæanBaNiC¢kmkñúgRbeTs

matika

CMBUk I RbkasCMBUk II esckþIENnaMCMBUk III esckþIENnaMcMeBaHsmaKmEdlbegáItehIyCMBUk IV KMrUkMNt;ehtuGgÁsnñi)atCMBUk V KMrUlkçnþik³CMBUk VI TMrg;EbbbTénkardak;BaküsuMCMBUk VII lixitGnuBaØatCMBUk VIII esckþIENnaMsegçbcMeBaHextþ-Rkug

99


CMBUk IRbkas

sþIBIkartMkl;Tuklkçnþik³smaKmGaCIvkm===========

rdæmRnþIRksYgBaNiC¢km- )aneXIjrdæFmnuBaØénRBHraCaNacRkkm<úCa

- )aneXIjRBHraCRkwtüelx ns¼rkt 1198¼69cuH éf¶TI 25 ExvicäikaqñaM 1998 sþIBIcat;taMg

naykrdæmRnþI énraCrdæaPi)alénRBHraCaNacRkkm<úCa

- )aneXIjRBHraCRkwtüelx ns¼rkt 1198¼72 cuHéf¶TI30 Exviciäka qñaM1998 sþIBIkar

EtgtaMgraCrdæaPi)alénRBHraCaNacRkkm<úCa

- )aneXIjRBHraCRkmelx 02 ns>rkt 94 cuHéf¶TI 20 Exkkáda qñaM1994 sþIBIkarerobcM

nigkarRbRBwtþieTAénKN³rdæmRnþI

- )aneXIjRBHraCRkmelx ns>rkm 0196¼16 cuHéf¶TI 24 Ex mkra qñaM1996 sþIBIkarbegáIt

RksYgBaNiC¢km

- )aneXIjGnuRkitüelx 54 GnRk>bk cuHéf¶TI 22 ExkBaØa qñaM1997 sþIBIkarerobcM nigRbRBwtþ

eTArbs;RksYgBaNiC¢km

- eyagtamkarcaM)ac;rbs;RksYgBaNiC¢km

sMerc

100

Rbkar1³ TTYlrkSatMkl;TukÉksarlkçnþik³rbs;smaKmGaCIvkmnana edIm,IelIkTwkcitþeGaysmaKmKm

eFVIskmPaBRbkbedaynirnþPaB RBmTaMgbgáreGaymanlkçN³gayRsYl kñúgkarTMnak;TMng

CamYysßab½nBak;B½n§ bNþasmaKmGaCIvkmkñúgRsuk nigsmaKmGaCIvkmenAelIiBiPBelak.

Rbkar2³ - GaCIvkmKWral;skmPaBTaMgLayNaenAkñúgvis½yksikm BaNiC¢km sib,km esvakm

]sSahkm nigbNþaskmPaBepSgeTot EdlkMNt;edayc,ab; b¤bTbBaØtþiepSg²

- smaKmGaCIvkmmann½yfa nItibuKÁl rUbv½nþbuKÁl EdlmanGaCIBb¤viC¢aCIv³dUcKña ehIy

RbmUlpþú MKña begáItCasmaKmbegáItCasmaKm edIm,IEsVgrkplRbeyaCn_eGaysmaCik

rbs;smaKm

- smaKmGaCIvkmKWCaGgÁkarÉkraCümYy mincMNuHKN³bkSneya)ay nigeFVIskmPaB edIm,ICa

plRbeyaCn_dl;smaCikrbs;smaKmenH elImuxsBaØaviC¢aCIv³.

Rbkar3³ ral;sMNMuEbbbTrbs;smaKm EdlRtUverobcMeGaysmRsbeTAtamrUbmnþsmaKmenaH nayk-

dæanBaNiC¢kmkñúgRbeTsCaGñkpÁt;pÁg;CUn.


rdæmRnþIhtßelxanigRta

cm RbsiT§

101

Rbkar4³ kñúgkrNImankarEksMrYlelIlkçnþik³ smaKmGaCIvkmRtUvepJIrxøwmsar EdlRtUvEk mknaykdæan

BaNiC¢kmkñúgRbeTs y:agyUr30éf¶ bnÞab;BIesckþIsMercénsnñi)anrbs;smaKm edIm,IRksYgeFVI

karerobcMEkERbCUn .

Rbkar5³

Rbkar6³

smaKmGaCIvkmEdlcuHbBa¢IrYcehIy RtUvep¤Ir)aykarN_RbcaMqñaMmkRksYgBaNiC¢kmeGay)an

eTogTat; edIm,IgayRsYlRksYgBaNiC¢kmmanviFankar CYyRTRTg;smaKm.

naykxuTÞkarl½y GKÁnaykdæanbec©keTs GKÁnaykdæanrdæ)al nighirBaØvtßú GKÁaFikardæan mnÞIr

BaNiC¢kmextþRkug nigbNþasmaKmGaCIvkmenAkñúgRBHraCaNacRkkm<úCa RtUvGnuvtþesckþI

RbkasenH eGaymanRbsiT§iPaBcab;BIéf¶cuHhtßelxateTA.


CMBUk IIesckþIENnaM

sþIBInItiviFIénkartMkl;Tuklkçnþik³smaKmGaCIvkm==============

eyag³ Rbkaselx 267 BN>kbTRbk cuHéf¶TI 21 Ex kBaØa qñaM 2000 sþIBIkartMkl;Tuklkçnþik³

smaKmGaCIvkm.

ry³eBlknøgmk RksYgBaNiC¢km)ankt;sMKal;eXIjfa³ manGaCIvkr esvakr sib,kr plitkr

ksikrCaeRcIneFVIskmPaBGaCIvkm edayminTan;RbmUlpþMú nigmYycMnYneTot)anRbmUlpþMúehIy Et

minTan;bMeBjlkçN³eGay)anRsbc,ab;enAeLIy EdlCaehtueFVIeGayraCrdæaPi)almankarlM)akkñúg

karerobcMKMeragCYytMrg;TisedA nigRTRTg;eGaymannirnþPaBRsbeTAtamcrnþénTIpSar . edIm,IelIkTwk

citþeGaybNþaGaCIvkr esvakr sib,kr plitkr ksikr eFVIskmPaBRbkbeTAedaynirnþPaB

RBmTaMgbgáeGaymanlkçN³gayRsYl kñúgkarTMnak;TMngCamYysßab½nBak;B½n§ bNþasmaKmGaCIvkm

edIm,Iri³rknigbgálkçN³gayRsYlrkRbPBhirBaØvtßúBIsßab½npÁt;pÁg;hirBaØvtßúnana . RksYgBaNiC¢km

)anecjRbkaselx 267 BN kbT Rbk cuHéf¶TI21-09-2000 sþIBIkarTTYltMkl;Tuklkçnþik³

smaKmGaCIvkmTaMgenH nigcat;taMgeGaynaykdæanBaNiC¢kmkñúgRbeTs TTYlbnÞúkGnuvtþkargarenH .

dUecñHRksYgsUmeFVIkarENnaMbMeBjEbbbTmYycMnYndUcteTA ³

1-cab;BIéf¶CUndMNwgenHeTA RksYgBaNiC¢km ¬naykdæanBaNiC¢kmkñúgRbeTs¦ nwgTTYlrkSatMkl;

Tuklkçnþik³rbs;smaKmGaCIvkmnana .

2-esckþICUndMNwgenH manvisalPaBGnuvtþeTAelIsmaKmGaCIvkm EdltMNageGayskmPaB

GaCIvkmenAkñúgvis½yksikm esvakm ksi-]sSahkm ]sSah-BaNiC¢ esvakm nigral;

skmPaBepSg²eTot EdlTajykplcMeNj .

3-smaKmGaCIvkmEdlcat;TukfaRsbc,ab;)an luHRtaEtsmaKmenaH)antMkl;TuknUvlkçnþik³

rbs;xøÜn enAnaykdæanBaNiC¢kmkñúgRbeTsénRksYgBaNiC¢km.

4- ral;sMNuMlixitepSg²rYmTaMglkçnþik³smaKmpg RtUveFVIeLIgCaPasaExrcMnYnbIc,ab;. mYy

c,ab;RtUvrkSaTukenAnaykdæanBaNiC¢kmkñúgRbeTs mYyc,ab;eTotepJIrCUnGaCJaFrEdndI

nigmYyc,ab;eTottMkl;TukenAsmaKm .

5- RksYgBaNiC¢km nwgpþl;CUnnUvviBaØabnb½RtmYyc,ab;CUndl;smaKmGaCIvkm eRkayeBlEdl

smaKmenH)anbMeBjEbbbTtMkl;Tuklkçnþik³ nig)anBinitüfaRtwmRtUvedaymRnþICMnajrYc

ehIy .

6-mnÞIrBaNiC¢kmextþ-RkugmanPar³kic©eFVIkarENnaMGMBIsar³RbeyaCn_ énkartMkl;Tuklkçnþik³

smaKmGaCIvkm bBa¢ak;GMBITItaMgsmaKm nigerobcMsMNuMEbbbTbBa¢ÚnmknaykdæanBaNiC¢km

kñúgRbeTs .

102


7-lkçnþik³nigBaküsuMtMkl;TukÉksarsmaKmGaCIvkm RksYgBaNiC¢km ¬naykdæanBaNiC¢km

kñúgRbeTs¦ CaGñkpþl;CUn .

TTYl)anesckþIENnaMenH RksYgsgÇwmnwgeCOCak;fa Gñk]BaaJ: elak elakRsI RbFansmaKm

EdlmanlkçN³dUckñúgcMnuc2 Edl)anbegáItrYcehIy nigkMBugerobcMbegáItfI nigxitxMGnuvtþtamRbkas

nigesckþIENnaMenHeGaymanRbsiT§iPaBx<s; .

C>rdæmRnþÍrdæelxaFikar

htßelxanigRta

suk sIupan;Na

103


CMBUk IIIrdæmRnþI RksYgBaNiC¢km

CMrabmkGñk]kBaØa: elak-elakRsI RbFansmaKmGaCIvkm

eyag³ - Rbkaselx 267 BN>kbT Rbk cuHéf¶TI 21 ExkBaØa qñaM 2000 sþIBIkartMkl;Tuklkçnþik³

smaKmGaCIvkm .

- esckþIENnaMelx 3560 BN> kbT Rbk cuHEf¶TI 10 Extula qñaM 2000 sþIBInItiviFIénkar

tMkl;Tuklkçnþik³smaKmGaCIvkm .

kñúgeKalbMNgedIm,IelIkTwkcitþeGaybNþaGaCIvkr esvakr sib,kr plitkr ksikr eFVIskm

PaBeGaymanlkçN³RbmUlpþúM nigRbkbeTAedaynirnþPaB ehIymanlkçN³gayRsYlkñúgkarTMnak;-

TMngCamYysßab½nBak;B½n§ nigbgálkçNgayRsYlrkRbPBhirBaØvtßúBIsßab½npÁt;pÁg;hirBaØvtßúnanaenaH

RksYgBaNiC¢kmk¾)aneFVIesckþIRbkaselx 267 BNkbTRbk nigesckþIENnaMsþIBInItiviFIénkar

tMkl;Tuklkçnþik³ smaKmGaCIvkmrYcehIy .

GaRs½yehtuenH sUmGñk]kBaJa: elak-elakRsI EdlCaRbFansmaKmGaCIvkm Edl)anbegáIt

rYcehIy GeBa¢IjmkcuHeQaHtMkl;Tuklkçnþik³smaKmrbs;xøÜn enAnaykdæanBaNiC¢kmkñúgRbeTs

eGay)anrYsran; edIm,ITTYlyknUvPaBRsbc,ab; kñúgdMeNIrkarRbtibtiþénskmPaBsmaKm .

RksYgsgÇwmnwgeCOCak;faGñk]kBaaJ: elak-elakRsIRbFansmaKmGaCIvkm Edl)anbegáItrYc

ehIy nigxitxMGnuvtþtamesckþICUndMNwgenHeGaymanRbsiT§iPaBx<s; .

C>rdæmRnþIrdæelxaFikar

htßelxanigRta

suk sIupan;Na

104


CMBUk IVKMrUkMNt;ehtuGgÁsnñi)at

qñaMBIrBan;R)aMmYy Ex >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> éf¶TI >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> evlaem:ag >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> enAPUmi

>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> manebIknUvsnñi)atmYysþIBIkarrYmKMnitKñabegáItsmaKm

>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> nigeRCIserIsRkumRbwkSaPi)alEdlrYmman

RbFan GnuRbFan hirBaØik elxaFikar edaymankarcUlrYmBIsmaCik smaCikar .

cUlrYmCakitþiysenA»kasenHman mRnþImnÞIrBaNiC¢km-mRnþIGaCJaFrEdndIdUcCa ³

- elak >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> mkBI >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

- elak >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> mkBI >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

- elak >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> mkBI >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

nigsmasPaBsmaCik smaKmEdlmanP¢ab;kñúgtaragxageRkay .

Cabzm tMNagmnÞIrBaNiC¢kmextþ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> )anelIkeLIgnUvsarHsMxan;énkarbegáIt

smaKmEdlGacTTYl)annUvplRbeyaCn_rbs;smaCikxøÜn TaMgkarbgábegáInpl TaMgkarrkTIpSar

lk;dUr ehIyGacTMnak;TMngnwgsßab½nhirBaØvtßú dUcCaFnaKarepSg² edIm,IbgáTunénsmaCikrbs;xøÜn

CaedIm .

bnÞab;BI)ankarpøas;bþÚreyabl;Kñay:agyUr GgÁRbCMusMerceRCIserIssmaCikcMnYn >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> nak;

kñúgcMenamGñkmkcUlrYmEdlCasmaCikskm ehIymanlT§PaByl;dwgeTAelIc,ab;eKalkarN_

epSg²Kñarbs;rdæ eGayQreQaHCasmaCikRkumRbwkSaPi)al.

cMENkÉlT§plénkare)aHeqñateRCIserIsRkumRbwkSaPi)almandUcxageRkam ³

1- elak >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> TTYl)ansMelgeqñat >>>>>>>>>>> sMelgRtUv)anEtgtaMgCaRbFan >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

2- elak >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> TTYl)ansMelgeqñat >>>>>>>>>>> sMelgRtUv)anEtgtaMgCaGnuRbFan >>>>>>>>>>>>

3- elak >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> TTYl)ansMelgeqñat >>>>>>>>>>> sMelgRtUv)anEtgtaMgCaGnuRbFan >>>>>>>>>>>>

4- elak >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> TTYl)ansMelgeqñat >>>>>>>>>>> sMelgRtUv)anEtgtaMgCaelxaFikar >>>>>>>>>>>

5- elak >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> TTYl)ansMelgeqñat >>>>>>>>>>> sMelgRtUv)anEtgtaMgCahirBaØik >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

evlaem:ag >>>>>>>>>>> resolkñúgéf¶ExqñaMdEdl smaCikénRkumRbwkSaPi)alEdl)anTTYl

kare)aHeqñateRCIserIsrYc )annaMKñaBiPakSaeTAelIlkçnþik³rbs;smaKm nigdak;eQaHfa >>>>>>>>> nig

dak;TIsñak;karenA >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> edaymansMelgeqñatKaMRTcMnYn >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

sMelg kñúgcMeNamsmaCikRkumRbwkSaPi)alcMnYn >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> nak; EdlmannaykdæanBaNiC¢km

kñúgRbeTsCaGñkpþl;KMrUlkçnþik³CUn.

105


bnÞab;BI)anBiPakSaKñay:agli¥tl¥n; eTAelIsar³RbeyaCn_énkartMkl;Tuklkçnþik³smaKmrYcmk

RbFansmaKm)ansMercerobcMbMeBjEbbbTsuMtMkl;TuknUvlkçnþik³ enARksYgBaNiC¢kmedIm,IeGay

manPaBRsbc,ab; .

>>>>>>>>>>/>>>¼>>>>>>>>>>>¼2006

)aneXIjnigÉkPaB elxaFikarRbFan

bBa¢IvtþmansmaCik smaKm>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

106

l>r nam nig eKatþnam mkBI sñameméd

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11


CMBUk V

lkçnþik³smaKmGaCIvkmCMBUk I

eKalbMNg

CMBUk IInamkrN¾ Gas½ydæan

CMBUk IIIParkic©rbs;smaKm

107

Rbkar1³ smaKmGaCIvkmEdl)anbegáItLIgenH CaGgÁkarÉkraCümYy mincMNuHKNbkSneya)ay nig

eFVIskmPaBEdlCaplRbeyaCn_dl;smaCikrbs;smaKm.

Rbkar2³ smaKmmaneKaledARbmUlpþúMGñkrYmGaCIB b¤rYmviC¢aCIv³TaMgGs; edayminRbkan;ninñakarneya)ay

GVIeLIy .

Rbkar3³ - smaKmGaCIvkmenHeFVIskmPaBelIEpñk >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

- smaKmGacbegáItsaxaenARKb;TIkEnøg enAkñúgRBHraCaNacRkkm<úCa nigeRkARbeTs

Rbkar4³ smaKmenHmanRbtibtþikarCaGciéRnþy_edayKankarkMNt;kalbriecäTeT .

Rbkar5³ smaKmmaneQaH >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

sresrkat;Ca :>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>:

Gas½ydæan³>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>pøÚv>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>XuM-sgáat;>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

x½NÐ-Rsuk>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>extþ-Rkug>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

eQaHnigGas½ydæanGacpøas;bþÚr)an GaRs½yedayRkumRbwkSaPi)alsmaKm CaGñksMerc .

Rbkar6³ smaKmmanParkic©dUcxageRkam³

- RbmUlbNþaGaCIvkreGaymankarsamKÁIÉkPaBKña kñúgskmPaBGaCIvkm Fana)annUvesßrPaB

nig)anrIkcMerIndl;sgÁm

- BRgIkkic©shkarCYyKñaeTAvijeTAmkkñúgdMeNIrkarGaCIvkm nigbMeBjnUvtYnaTICaGñkpSaP¢ab;

rvagTIpSar nigplitkm

- begáInTMnak;TMngCitsñiT§CamYysßab½nCMnajBak;B½n§ nigTIPñak;garGPivDÆn_nana kñúgkarbgárlkçN³

gayRsYl nigelIkTwkcitþkarGPivDÆn_plitkmRKb;vis½y [mankarrIkcMerIn

- begáInsmtßPaBdl;shRKasTaMgGs; cUlrYmRbkYtRbECgCamYybNþaRbeTsCitxag nigskl-

elak


CMBUk IVsmaCikPaB

108

- EckrMElkKñanUvB½t’manTIpSar nigB½t’manbec©kviC¢a ecjpSayÉksar nigRBwtþib½RtepSg²

EdlTak;Tgdl;skmPaBnanarbs;smaKm

- CYydl;rdæaPi)alkñúgkarbegáIteKalneya)aysmRsb sMrab;karGPivDÆn_CMnYjxñattUc nig

mFüm

- CYypþl;kargardl;RbCaBlrdæpgEdr

- tMNageGaysmaCikRKb;rUb kñúgkarkarBarsiT§iRbeyaCn_elImUldæanc,ab;rbs;rdæ .

Rbkar7³ smaCikPaBsmaKm ebIkTUlaycMeBaHrUbv½nþbuKÁl b¤nItibuKÁlEdlCaGñkrYmGaCIB rWviC¢aCIv³dUcKña .

smaCikPaBénsmaKmenHman 4 RbePT³

- smaCik sßabnik

- smaCik kitþiys

- smaCik skm

- smaCik samBaØ

1> smaCiksßabnikCasmaCikskm EdlCaGñk)anpþÜcepþImbegáItsmaKm nigksaglkçnþik³

rbs;smaKm .

2> smaCikkitþiysCaGñkEdl)anpþl;viPaKTanCafvika b¤CasMPar³pÞal;xøÜnCaKuNRbeyaCn_ sMrab;

smaKm EdlmanTWkR)ak;cab;BI >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> eLIgeTAkñúgmYyqñaM .

3> smaCikskm KWCasmaCikEdlcUlrYmeFVIskmPaBTUeTAkñúgsmaKm ehIyCaGñks½RKcitþ

bg;R)ak;cMnYn >>>>>>>>>>>>>>> b¤elIsBIenHkñúgmYyqñaM .

4> smaCiksamBaØ CasmaCikEdlcUlrYmkñúgskmPaBRtwmEtCaGñksegátkarN_ ehIybg;

viPaKTanCUnsmaKmtamkars½RKcitþ . ral;nItibuKÁl b¤rUbv½nþbuKÁlEdlmanbMNgcg;cUl

CasmaCiksmaKm RtUvdak;BaküsuMcUltamEbbbT EdlmankMnt;kñúgbTbBa¢aépÞkúñg rbs;

smaKm .

Rbkar8³ smaCikTaMgGs;rbs;smaKm nig)at;smaCikPaBrbs;xøÜneday³

- karlaQb; b¤

- mrN³PaB b¤

- esckþIsMercBIGgÁRbCuMRkumRbwkSaPi)al edaymtiPaKeRcInelIsBak;kNþal .

smaCikRtUveKbeNþjecj mansiT§ikñúgkarbþwgeTAtulakar ebIxøÜnyl;fakarbeNþjecj

enHBuMRtwmRtUvtamc,ab;.


CMBUk VsiT§i nigkarTTYlxusRtUvrbs;smaCikPaB

CMBUk VIGMBIsnñi)at

109

Rbkar 9³ smaCikTaMgGs;mansiTi§ ³

- cUlrYmRbCuMrbs;smaKmtamlixitGeBa¢Ijrbs;smaKm

- QreQaHeGayeKe)aHeqñat nige)aHeqñateRCIstaMgRkumRbwkSaPi)al ¬manEtsmaCikskm¦

- cUlrYmkñúgskmPaBrbs;smaKmtamkarkMNt;rbs;snñi)at

- eFVIKMeragEpnkarc,as;las;rbs;xøÜn nigmUldæanxøÜn ehIybBa¢ÚnmksmaKm.

Rbkar 10³ karTTYlxusRtUvnigkatBVkic©rbs;smaCik KWeKarBGnuvtþesckþIsMercrbs;snñi)atsmaKm

Rbkar 11³ smaKmRtUv)andwknaMedaysnñi)at. GgÁsnñi)atmansnñi)atsamBaØ snñi)atvisamBaØ. smasPaB

énGgÁsnñi)atmansmaCikskm-kitþiys-smaCiksßabnikTaMgGs; tMNagGgÁPaBrdæ)alBak;Bn§½

nigsmaCiksamBaØEdlTTYlkarGeBa¢IjBIRkumRbwkSaPi)al. smaCiktMNagGgÁPaBrdæ)al

smaCikdéTeToteRkABIsmaCikskm EdlRtUvGeBa¢Ij[cUlrYm mansMelgpþl;eyabl;Etb:ueNÑaH.

Rbkar 12³ GgÁsnñi)atmanParkic©dUcteTA³

- eRCIserIsRkumRbwkSaPi)alsmaKm

- BinitünigGnum½tfvikaRbcaMqñaMrbs;smaKm

- bUksrubkargarknøgmk nigerobcMeKalneya)aykmviFIGPivDÆn_smaKm

- ral;esckþIsMercTaMgLayrbs;GgÁsnñi)at RbFansmaKmTTYlbnÞúkykeTAGnuvtþ

Rbkar 13³ rebobRbCMusnñi)at

- snñi)atsamBaØRtUvRbCMumYyqñaMmþg tamkarekaHGeBa¢Ijrbs;RkumRbwkSaPi)al

- ebImankarcaM)ac; RbFansmaKmGacesIñRbCMusnñi)atvisamBaØbEnßmeTot

- GgÁsnñi)atRtUvdwknaMedayRbFansmaKm b¤GñkCMnYsEdlmanzan³x<s;bnÞab; kñúgkrNIRbFan

Gvtþman. kñúgkrNIGvtþmanTaMgBIrnak; GacdwknaMedaysmaCikEdlmanGayueRcInCageK .

- kUr:umrbs;GgÁsnñi)attMrUveGaymanvtþmansmaCiksnñi)atelIs 50 PaKrybUk01 énsmaCik

rbs;smaKm

- ebIsinkUr:umminRKb;tamkMNt;xagelIeT RbFansmaKmRtUvekaHRbCMuCaelIkTIBIr enAry³eBl

7 éf¶eRkay ehIykUr:umfIEdlRtUvkMNt;KWyk 1PaK3 éncMnYnsmaCikeRCIstaMgTaMgGs;

- krNIkUr:umminRKb;cMnYneTot RkumRbwkSaPi)alRtUvekaHRbCMuCaelIkTIbI enAry³eBl 3 éf¶ eRkay

ehIykarRbCMuelIkenHBMucaM)ac;KitkUr:umeT

- RbFansmaKmRtUvpþl;CUndl;smaCikTaMgGs; nUvrebobvar³eGay)an 7 éf¶muneBlebIk

snñi)at.


CMBUk VIIRkumRbwkSaPi)al

110

Rbkar 14³ esckþIsMercrbs;snñi)at

- RtUvyktamsMelgPaKeRcInénsmaCikvtþman . kñúgkrNImansMelgesIKña sMelgxag

RbFan cat;TukCa)ankar

- esckþIsMercrbs;snñi)at RtUvkt;RtacUlkMNt;ehtuRtwmRtUv

- karpSBVpSayB½t’mansþIBIsnñi)at RtUvmankarGnuBaØatiBIRbFansmaKm.

Rbkar 15³ - RkumRbwkSaPi)alsmaKmmansmasPaBya:gtic 5 nak; ya:geRcIn 20 nak;. RkumRbw

kSaPi)al dwknaMeday³

1/ RbFan 01rUb

2/ GnuRbFan 01rUb b¤eRcIn

3/ elxaFikar 01rUb b¤eRcIn

4/ hirBaØwk 01rUb

5/ hirBaØwkrg 01rUb

- smaCikRkumRbwkSaPi)al RtUv)ansnñi)ateRCIstaMgeLIgsMrab;GaNtþi 03 qñaMmþg

- smaCikRkumRbwkSaPi)alcas; GacQreQaHeGayeKeRCIserIsCafIeTot)an

- RbFanRkumRbwkSaPi)alGacQreQaHeGayeKeRCIserIs)an Et 02 GaNtþiKt;

- smasPaBRkumRbwkSaPi)al )anmkBIkare)aHeqñatCaskl nigsm¶at;rbs;GgÁsnñi)at ehIy

smasPaBRbFan-GnuRbFan-hirBaØwk-elxaFikar-smaCik KWGnuelameTAtamsMelgeqñat

eRcInbnþbnÞab; edayELkcMeBaHebkçCnCaRbFan ebITTYlsMelgeqñatesIKña RtUveRCIserIs

ykGñkEdlmanGayueRcInCageKeFVICaRbFan nigGayuticCag eFVICaGnuRbFan.

Rbkar 16³ ebIyl;eXIjfaCakarcaM)ac; RkumRbwkSaPi)alGacbegáItKN³kmkar 1 b¤eRcInedIm,IbMeBjParkic©

epSg²kñúgnamsmaKm. RkumRbwkSaPi)alRtUvEtgtaMgRbFanKN³kmkar ehIyRbFanenH

RtUveRCIserIssmaCikrbs;xøÜnya:gtic 2 nak; dak;CUnRkumRbwkSaPi)alGnum½t . RbFanKN³-

kmkar nigsmaCikKN³kmkar RtUveRCIserIsBIkñúgcMeNamsmaCikrbs;RkumRbwkSaPi)al.

Rbkar 17³ muxgarrbs;RkumRbwkSaPi)al

k> RbFan

- RbFansmaKm TTYlxusRtUvdwknaMral;kargarTaMgGs;rbs;smaKm.

x> GnuRbFan

- GnuRbFansmaKm TTYlCYykargarRbFan.

- GnuRbFansmaKmTTYlxusRtUvCYsRbFan enAeBlRbFanGvtþman b¤)at;bg;smaCikPaB


CMBUk VIIIfvikanigRbPBFnFan

CMBUk IXkarEkERblkçnþik³ karrMsay nigCMr³bBa¢I

111

K> hirBaØwk

- hirBaØwkCaGñkRbmUlfvikaTaMgGs;kñúgsmaKm nigEfrkSanUvral;ÉksarhirBaØvtßú.

X> elxaFikar

- elxaFikarCaGñkRtYtBinitüelIkic©karrdæ)al nigCaelxaFikareGaysmaKm.

Rbkar 18³ Parkic©rbs;RkumRbwkSaPi)al

- erobcMsnñi)at kMNt;rebobvar³ eBlevla TIkEnøg

- eFVIr)aykarN_GMBIskmPaBkargarCUnGgÁsnñi)at

- eFVIkMNt;ehtuénGgÁsnñi)at

- eFVIesckþIsMercrbs;snñi)at

- Gnuvtþral;esckþIsMercénGgÁsniñ)at

- GnuvtþkargaredayminykR)ak;ebovtSr_

- edaHRsaykargarRbcaMéf¶rbs;smaKm.

Rbkar 19³ fvikanigRbPBFnFansmaKm)anmkBI³

- viPaKTanrbs;smaCik

- CMnYy b¤GMeNayrbs;sb,úrsCn b¤GgÁkarnana TaMgenAkñúgnigeRkARbeTs

- kMérepSg² Edl)anmkBIeFVIesvarbs;smaKm.

Rbkar 20³ ral;karcMNayEdlCaplRbeyaCn_rbs;smaKm RtUvmankarGnuBaØatiBIRbFansmaKm.

Rbkar 21³ lkçnþik³enHGacEkERb)an luHRtaEtmansmaCikcUlrYmsnñi)at yl;RBmedaysMelgPaKeRcIn

50° + 1 .

sMeNIrEkERblkçnþik³ RtUveFVIeLIgedaysmaCikya:gtic 25° énsmaCikeRCIstaMg ehIy

sMeNIenHRtUvdak;CUnRkumRbwkSaPi)almYyExmunsnñi)at.

Rbkar 22³ GVIEdlminmanEcgkñúglkçnþik³enH GacRtUvbMeBjnigbBa¢ak;bEnßmkñúgbTbBa¢aépÞkñúgsmaKm


CMBUk XGvsanbBaØti

eFVIenA>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>éf¶TI>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>Ex>>>>>>>>>>>qñaM>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

RbFan

112

Rbkar 23³ RbsinRkumRbwkSaPi)alyl;eXIjfa smaKmenHminGacRbRBwtþieTA)aneTot RkumRbwkSaPi

)alRtUvekaHRbCMusnñi)atvisamBaØ edIm,I ³

- e)aHeqñatrMlaysmaKm

- begáItKN³kmkar CMrHbBa¢Icln³RTBü nigGclnRTBürbs;smaKmenH.

esckþIsMercsþIBIkarrMlaysmaKm GaRs½yedaysMelgKaMRT 2 PaK 3 énsmaCikvtþman.

Rbkar 24³ smaCikTaMgGs;EdlcUlrYmkñúgsmaKm RtUveKarBdac;xatnUvlkçnþik³ bTbBa¢aépÞkñúgrbs;smaKm.

Rbkar 25³ smaCikRKb;Can;fñak;rbs;smaKm RtUveKarBya:gx¢ab;x¢Ünral;c,ab;rdæFmnuBaØ énRBHraCaNacRkkm<úCa

bTbBaØtinigbTbBa¢arbs;raCrdæaPi)al rYmTaMgc,ab;GgÁkarGnþrCatinana.


CMBUk VITMrg;EbbbTénkardak;BaküsMu

BaküsMutMkl;Tuklkçnþik³smaKmGaCIvkm

- ´)aT-nag´eQaH : CaGkSrExrnigLataMg :³>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

CaRbFansmaKm >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

- éf¶ Ex qñaMkMeNIt ³ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>ePT>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> sBa¢ati>>>>>>>>>>>>>

- Gas½ydæanbc©úb,nñ ³>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

eKarBCUnÉk]tþm rdæmRnþI RksYgBaNiC¢km

kmvtßú³ sMeNIsMutMkl;Tuklkçnþik³smaKmGaCIvkm>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

eyagtamkmvtßúxagelI ´)aT nag´CaRbFansmaKm sUmÉk]tþmrdæmRnþIemtþaBinitü

nigtMkl;Tuklkçnþik³smaKmGaCIvkm EdlmanlkçN³sm,tþidUcxageRkameday

GnueRKaH.

- smaKm BaNiC¢kr ³

- smaKm ]sSahkr ³

- smaKm ksikr ³

- smaKm esvakr ³

- smaKm sib,kr ³

- >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> ³

- namkrN_smaKm³ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

- TIsñak;karsmaKm³ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

- TUrsBÞ½elx³ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> TUrsarelx³ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

sUmCUnP¢ab;mkCamYynUv³1> lixitGnuBaØatibegáItsmaKmedIm ebIsinman¦ 01c,ab;

2> lkçnþik³smaKm 01c,ab;

3> kMNt;ehtuGgÁsnñi)atbegáItsmaKm 01c,ab;

4> GtþsBaØaNb½NÑb¤lixitqøgEdnRbFansmaKm ¬ftcMlg¦ 01c,ab;

5> rUbft 4 x 6 03c,ab;

6> KMrURtanightßelxaRbFansmaKm 01c,ab;

7> kmsiT§pÞHCaTItaMgsmaKm b¤kic©snüaCYlpÞHCaTItaMgsmaKm¬ftcMlg¦ 01c,ab;

113


sUmÉk]tþmrdæmRnþI emtþaTTYlnUvesckþIeKarBrab;Gand¾RCaleRCAGMBI´)aT-nag´.

>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>éf¶TI>>>>>>>>>Ex>>>>>>>>>>>>>qñaM>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

htßelxa nigsñameméd

114


bgáan;édTTYltMkl;TuksMNMulixit: sMutMkl;Tuklkçnþik³smaKmGaCIvkm :

naykdæanBaNiC¢kmkñúgRbeTskariyal½yRKb;RKgGaCIvkm - esvakm nigkarRbkYtRbECg

)anTTYltMkl;TuksMNMulixit sþIBIkarcuHeQaHsmaKm >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> kñúgbBa¢IsmaKmGaCIvkm .

- namkrN_edImrbs;smaKm >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

- namkrN_bc©úb,nñrbs;smaKm >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

- TIsñak;karrbs;smaKmbc©úb,nñ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

- eQaHRbFansmaKm >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

ÉksartMkl;

krNIÉksaresñIsMutMkl;Tuklkçnþik³smaKmBMuTan;RKb;RKan; samuICnGñkesñIsMu RtUvbMeBjsMNMulixit

EdlminTan;RKb;RKan;kñúgry³eBl 30 éf¶y:agyUr cab;BIéf¶ecjbgáan;édenH .

eFVIenAPñMeBj éf¶TI /////// Ex ///// qñaM 200

RbFankariyal½ysamIuCnGñkesñIsMutMkl;TuksUmFanaGHGagfa

ral;ÉksartMkl;TukBitCaRtwmRtUvminEkøgbnøM

elIRbkarNamYyeLIy .

eFVIenA ////////////// éf¶TI //////// Ex /////// qñaM 200

GñkTTYlbgáan;éd

115

1- BaküsMutMkl;Tuklkçnþik³smaKm

2- lkçnþik³ nigbTbBa¢aépÞkñúgrbs;smaKm

3- kMNt;ehtuGgÁsnñi)atbegáItsmaKm

4- GtþsBaØaNb½NÑb¤lixitqøgEdnRbFansmaKm ¬ftcMlg¦

5- rUbft 4 x 6

6- KMrURta nightßelxaRbFansmaKm

7- BaküsMucuHpSaykñúgsarB½t’manCapøÚvkar (Official Notice)

8- kmsiT§pÞHCaTItaMgsmaKmrWkic©snüaCYlpÞHCaTItaMgsmaKm ¬ftcMlg¦


RBHraCaNacRkkm<úCaCati sasna RBHmhakSRt

RbFansmaKm //////////////////////////////////////////////////////

sUmCMrabmkelakRbFan naykdæanBaNiC¢kmkñúgRbeTs ³

sUmelaknaykemtþa cat;EcgkarcuHpSaysarB½t’mannUvesckþIRbkaspSaysþIBIkartMkl;Tuk

lkçnþik³smaKm //////////////////////////////////////////////////////// kñúgsarB½t’manrbs;elakedayGnueRKaH .

xøwmsarénGtßbTcuHpSayrYmman ³

sUmelakRbFanTTYlnUvkareKarBrab;GanGMBI´ .

>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> éf¶TI >>>>>>>>>>>>> Ex >>>>>>>>>>>>>> qñaM200

RbFansmaKm)anTTYlyl;RBmcuHpSay ³

- kñúgsarB½t’man ³ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

- elx ³ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

- ecjpSay éf¶TI Ex qñaM 200

RbFannaykdæanBaNiC¢kmkñúgRbeTs

116

esckþIRbkassþIBIkartMkl;Tuklkçnþik³smaKm

- namkrN_smaKm ³ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

- elxtMkl;lkçnþik³smaKm ³ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

- eQaHRbFansmaKm ³ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>muxrbr >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> sBa¢ati >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

- TIsñak;karsmaKm ³ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

³ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

- kmvtßúsmaKm ³ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

³ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

³ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

esckþIRbkasenHcat;TukCakarCUndMNwgdl;saFarNCn edIm,IRCabnigsUmTMnak;TMngtameQaH

nigGas½ydæanxagelI .


RBHraCaNacRkkm<úCaCati sasna RBHmhakSRt

KMrURta nightßelxaRbFan smaKmGaCIvkm >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

117

KMrURta KMrUhtßelxa


CMBUk VIIrdæmRnþI RksYgBaNiC¢km

sUmbBa¢ak;fa ³

smaKm >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> RtUv)antMkl;Tuklkçnþik³smaKm nigTTYlsÁal;Ca

lkçN³c,ab; Kitcab;BIkalbriecäTénkarsMutMkl;Tuklkçnþik³smaKm kñúgbBa¢IenHteTAEdlmanl½kçx½NÐ

dUcxageRkam ³

1- namkrN_rbs;smaKm ³ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

GtþelxtMkl;;lkçnþik³smaKm ³ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

2- RbFansmaKm ³ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

3- TIsñak;karsmaKmtaMgenA ³ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

³ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

³ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

4- RbePTsmaKm ³ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

GñkTTYlxusRtUvénsmaKm RtUvGnuvtþtamc,ab;énRBHraCaNacRkkm<úCa .

rdæmRnþI

cMlgCUn ³

- TIsþIkarKN³rdæmRnþI

- xuTÞkal½ysemþcnaykrdæmRnþI

- RksYgmhaépÞ

- GKÁnaykdæanrdæ)al nighiBaØvtßú

- salaextþ - Rkug

- mnÞIrB/N extþ - Rkug

- Éksar - kalb,vtþi

118


CMBUk VIIIeKarBCUn

Ék]tþm rdæmRnþI RksYgBaNiC¢km

tamry³ ³ Ék]tþm GKÁnaykbec©keTs

kmvtßú ³ esckþIraykarN_segçbGMBInItiviFItMkl;Tuklkçnþik³smaKm GaCIvkm enAnaykdæan

BaNiC¢kmkñúgRbeTs .

eyag ³ Rbkaselx 267 BN/kbT/Rbk cuHéf¶TI 21 Ex kBaØa qñaM 2000 .

esckþIENnaMelx 3560 BN/kbT cuHéf¶TI 10 Extula qñaM 2000 .

esckþICUn)anCMrabkñúgkmvtßú nigeyagxagelI naykdæanBaNiC¢kmkñúgRbeTs RtUv)an

TTYlParkic©CaGñkTTYltMkl;Tuklkçnþik³smaKmGaCIvkmnana . dUcenHnaykdæansUmCMrabCUnnUv

nItiviFIén kartMkl;Tuklkçnþik³dUcxageRkam ³

eRkayBIBnül;nUvsarHsMxan;énkarcgRkgCasmaKmrYmmk ENnaMeGayGaCIvkr

cgRkg RbmUlpþMúKñaeFVIkare)aHeqñateRCIserIs RbFan GnuRbFan smaCik nigkMNt;eQaHsmaKm ³ naykdæan

BaNiC¢kmkñúgRbeTs ³

119

RBHraCaNacRkkm<úCa

RksYgBaNiC¢km Cati sasna RBHmhakSRt

elx ³ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> BN/ kbT

viBaØabnb½Rt

bBa¢ak;kartMkl;Tuklkçnþik³smaKmGaCIvkm

- namkarN_smaKm ³ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

- elxtMkl;Tuk ³ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> éf¶TI >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Ex >>>>>>> qñaM >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

- Gas½ydæansmaKm ³ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

³ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

- RtUv)anTTYlsÁal;Ca³ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

PñMeBj/ éf¶øTI //////////////// Ex ////////////// qñaM 200 >>>>>

rdæmRnþI


1- naykdæanBaNiC¢kmkñúgRbeTs RtUveRBogkMNt;ehtuGgÁRbCMurbs;mhasnñi)atrbs;

smaKm ¬eFVIdUcCapøÚvkar ¦ edayRKan;TukcenøaHeGaysmaCikrbs;GgÁsnñi)at pþiteméd

edaymankareRCIserIsRkumRbwkSaPi)al RbFanRkumRbwikSaPi)al GnuRbFan hirBaØwk .l.

2-Bum<sMNMuEbbbTBaküesñIsMuepSg²mYykMebørCUneTAmnÞIrBaNiC¢kmextþRkug edIm,IGnuvtþ

kargar ehIyCUneTAsmaKmEdlRtUvcgRkg .

3- cgRkglkçnþik³ (Article of Business Association Form) mYyeTAtamsþg;darnana

énsmaKmGaCIvkmEdlRksYgBaNiC¢km ¬naykdæanBaNiC¢kmkñúgRbeTs¦ CaGñkCYy

cgRkgCaeKaleTAtamRbePTsmaKm .

4- RbFansmaKm b¤RbFanRkumRbwkSaPi)alEdle)aHeqñatehIy RtUvbMeBjBaküsMutMkl;

Tuklkçnþik³smaKm edayRKan;EtpþitemédelIBaküsMuEtb:ueNÑaH EdlnaykdæanBaNiC¢

kmkñúgRbeTsBum<CUnRsab; . eRkayBIpþitemédrbs;RbFanelIsMNMuEbbbTrYcmk

TukdUcCabegáItsmaKmrYcehIy .

5- mRnþICMnajénmnÞIrBaNiC¢kmextþ - RkugRtUvBinitüemIlÉksar eGay)anRKb;RKan;

ehIyeFVIdIkarGm bBa¢Únral;sMNMuÉksarCabnÞan;mkRksYg ¬naykdæanBaNiC¢kmkñúg

RbeTs¦edIm,Inaykdæan erobcMcgRkgCalkçnþik³eTAtameKaledAénsmaKmcMnYn

R)aMbYnc,ab; ¬eGayeTAmnÞIBaNiC¢kmextþ-Rkug cMnYn 1c,ab; salaextþ-Rkug 1 c,ab;

enAsmaKmxøÜnÉgcMnYn 3 c,ab; salaXMu-sgáat;cMnYn 1c,ab; nigtMkl;TukenARksYg

BaNiC¢kmcMnYn 2c,ab; RksYgmhaépÞcMnYn 1 c,ab;¦ rYcerobcMqøak;RtasmaKmeGay

eRbIR)as;CapøÚvkar nigecjlixitTTYlsÁal;CapøÚvkarnUvkartMkl;TukenH .

ral;sMNMuÉksarTaMgGs; naykdæanBaNiC¢kmkñúgRbeTsCaGñk erobcMCUnkMebøEtmþg mnÞIrBaNiC¢km

extþ-RkugRKan;EtCYyclna nigENnaMeGaypþiteméd .

eRkayBImanlixitCapøÚvkarmkBIRksYg eTIbsmaKmmanlT§PaBeTATMnak;TMngCamYysßab½n

hirBaØvtßú dUcCaFnaKarGPivDÆn_CnbT nigsßab½nm:aRkUhirBaØvtßúepSg² EdlniwgRtUvekIteLIgenAeBlxag

mux b¤k¾Rkumh‘unbreTs EdleKRtUvkarCYysmaKmNamYyenaH ¬ry³kalknøgmkeyIg)andkBiesaFn_

GnuvtþbegáItsmaKmmYyrYcehIyEdlsmaKmenaH maneQaHshB½n§km<úCaGPivDÆn_CnbT¦.

esckþIdUc)anCMrabCUnxagelIenH sUmÉk]tþmrdæmRnþIemtþaRCabCar)aykarN_ .

RbFan

yI Kwmesg

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