Saving Automatically with Smart Window Attachments · 2019-09-27 · Saving Automatically with...
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www.peakload.org Saving Automatically with Smart Window Attachments Erika Burns- Attachments Energy Rating Council (AERC) Katherine Cort- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) Stephen Mullaly- Hunter Douglas September 27, 2019
Transcript of Saving Automatically with Smart Window Attachments · 2019-09-27 · Saving Automatically with...
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Saving Automatically with Smart Window Attachments
Erika Burns- Attachments Energy Rating Council (AERC)Katherine Cort- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL)
Stephen Mullaly- Hunter Douglas
September 27, 2019
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Agenda1. Introductions2. Background
1. Window Attachments2. Attachments Energy Rating Council (AERC)
3. Automated Shades 1014. Window Attachment Technology Show & Tell5. Energy Savings Potential6. Non-Energy Benefits7. Case Studies8. AERC Utility Resources
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Introductions• Name• Organization• Rebate/Incentive Programs you work on• Sticker vote: What do you want to learn/take away from this workshop?
• New efficiency measures• Comfort, health, wellness benefits• Residential opportunities• Commercial opportunities • Low-income opportunities• Peak demand savings• Smart Home opportunities• Other
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Window Concerns
Q10. What, if any, of the following concerns do you have with the windows in your home?
68% of respondents had a concern with their existing windows, with 31% having more than one concern.
32%
6%
13%
13%
30%
53%
None of the above
Noise/rattling
Cracks/breaksin the frame or glass
Ice build-up
Mold/moisture
Drafts/leaks
n = 316
Efficiency Vermont. Low-E Storm Windows Market Characterization Study. November 2016.
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How Window Attachments Save Energy• British Blind & Shutter Association (BBSA): Let’s Keep the Heat In with
Blinds and Shutters• https://vimeo.com/107831779
• BBSA: Keeping Cool at Home Using External Shading• https://vimeo.com/140782969
• Angie’s List: Window Treatments Help Reduce Energy Costs• https://media.angieslist.com/s3fs-public/Window%20treatments_revised.mp4
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Cellular shades Blinds Pleated Shades
Roller Shades Interior Shutters
Interior Window Attachments
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Storm / Secondary Windows Roller Shutters Awnings
Roller Shades Solar Screens
Exterior Window Attachments
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Market Size and Share• Annually 150-225 million residential interior units shipped in US
12Attachments Energy Rating Council. Window Attachments: Call to Action. June 2019.
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Residential Market Pricing
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Product Pricing: Low (Stock) – High (Custom) Price Points
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Customer Sectors
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Residential Single Family
Multifamily Low Income Commercial
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Smart Home and Automation
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• 35% of US consumers have two or more smart home devices
• 84% have heard of smart or connected home devices• 58% think the smart home will change their lives in the
next few years• 24% of homes use smart home devices• Over 50% plan to buy an additional smart speaker• 65% of consumers control appliance or lights in more
than one room
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What is the AERC?AERC is an independent, public interest organization whose mission is to provide consumers with credible, relevant, and comparable information about window
attachments and their performance.
• AERC members include: Public Interest Groups National Labs Commercial Labs Product Manufacturers Component Manufacturers Utilities
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Why is AERC Necessary?• Window attachments can save energy
• Many consumers are unaware of their energy-saving capability
• Consumers have no way to compare the energy performance of attachments
• Energy efficiency program managers and home performance contractors also benefit from ratings and energy performance information
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Additional Technical Ratings
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• Measures heat loss• Low numbers are betterU-factor
• Measures heat gain• Low numbers are better
Solar Heat Gain Coefficient
• Measures light transfer• High number means more light passes through windowVisible Transmittance
• Measures air passing through window• Lower numbers are betterAir Leakage
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What’s Next?
Residential automation ratings
Additional residential products• Roller Shutters• Awnings
Commercial secondary window ratings
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Ways to Operate Window Attachments
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ManualMotorizedAutomated
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• Many manufacturers/retailers offer motorization on almost all window attachment types
• Operated with remote control
• More limited number offer automation• Draper• Hunter Douglas• Lutron• Mechoshade• Rollease Acmeda
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Motorization and Automation
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Automated Shading System Overview
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Battery Powered Shades
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Pros• Convenient installation in
existing home structure • Power pack is hidden
from view • Cost effective to
motorize shades• Easy planning
Cons• Will have a limited life so
consumer will have to change batteries
• Not applicable to some larger shade applications
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Plug-In Shades
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Pros• Use the home’s 120 volt
outlets to power the shades
• Can power larger windows and vertical application shades
• Consistency of power to the shades
Cons• Must have an electrical outlet
close to the window• Will have to plan on hiding the
cord from the window to the outlet, either under draperies or a valance or installing the outlet within a shade pocket
• Power is subject to your electrical outcome
• 1 transformer per window
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Hard Wired Motorized Shades
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Pros• If planned during
construction is ideal way to provide power to shades
• Can power multiple shades and larger sizes
• Clean look to the interiors
Cons• On existing home can be
costly to tear into walls• Construction involved prior
to installation for existing home
• In some states would require an electrician to do the wiring
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Types of Automation
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Programmed Scheduling
Smart Thermostat Integration
Voice Command Sensor-Driven
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Automated cellular shades
Automated roller shades
Low-E storm windows
Window Attachment Show & Tell
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DOE Savings Potential Study• Comprehensive energy-modeling study that
examined 11 different typical residential window attachments• Baseline with 4 types of houses, 3 types of
windows, in 12 climate zones• Operation assumptions based on empirical study
• For most attachments examined, energy savings significant• Results depend on type of attachment, season,
climate, and operation• In heating-dominated climates, low-e storm
panels and cellular shades are the most effective at reducing HVAC energy use
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Savings Potential X Market Potential
Large market opportunity: • Applicable to new and existing homes in all climate
zones• Over 80% of homes and small commercial buildings
have some form of window attachment• Over 80% of window attachments that are in place
are relatively low-performing vinyl blinds (horizontal slatted)
Technology Application Energy SavingsHigh-R Window Replacements
New and existing homes
7-16% (total energy
savings)
Low-e Storm Windows Existing homes
10-33% (annual HVAC
savings)
Insulated Cellular Shades
New and existing homes
10-34% (annual HVAC
savings)
Exterior Shades
South- and west-facing windows
12-25%(Cooling HVAC
savings)*
*Not annualized and based on preliminary cooling season savings from 2019 Lab Homes study currently underway.
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PNNL Lab Homes Research• Specified to represent existing
manufactured and stick-built housing• 3 BR/2 BA, ~1500 ft2, double-wide• All-electric with 13 SEER/7.7 HSPF
heat pump central HVAC + alternate Cadet fan wall heaters throughout
• R-22 floors, R-11 walls & R-22 ceiling with composition roof
• 195.7 ft2 (13%) window area • All double-pane and aluminum
framed clear glass windows
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Low-e Storm (LES) Windows Savings PotentialStudy Experiment HVAC Savings (%)Lab Homes Exterior LES (2014)
Over double-pane clear glass
10.1% ±1.4 (annual)
Lab Homes InteriorLES (2015)
Over double-pane clear glassglass, covering 74% of the window area
7.8±1.5 (annual)
Philadelphia Multi-Family Field Study (2013)
Interior LES over single-pane metal frame
20% heating use9% cooling use
10% reduction in leakage
Chicago Case Study (2007)
Exterior over single-pane wood-framed windows
21% heating and 7% reduction in
leakage
Figure 6. Baseline home master-bedroom exterior (left), experimental home master-bedroom exterior (right). Pictures were taken on February 2, 2015, when average temperature was 34ºF with a low of 17ºF and a high of 40ºF.
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Low-e Storm Windows Market Potential• Applicable to Existing Homes in all Climate Zones• Always cost-effective over single pane windows and double-pane metal-framed windows
1 Culp, et. al. 2014
Low-E Storm Windows Recommended
Solar Control Low-E Storm Windows Recommended
Solar Control Low-E Storm Windows need to be evaluated on a case-by-case basis
• Meets Weatherization (WAP) and most Utility cost-effectiveness criteria (e.g., SIR 1.2 – 3.2 in climate zones 3-8)
• Year-round savings and permanent installation
• Savings coincident with daily and seasonal peaks
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Cellular Shade Energy Savings
48Petersen et al. “Evaluation of Cellular Shades in the PNNL Lab Homes.” November 2016. PNNL. PNNL-24857, Rev2. andCort et al., “Testing the Performance and Dynamic Control of Energy-Efficient Cellular Shades in the PNNL Lab Homes.” August 2018, PNNL-27663
In field studies, insulated cellular shades out-performed traditional vinyl blinds under
all operating scenarios and settings.
VS
~10% heating
reduction
~13% cooling
reduction
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Cellular Shades Savings Potential
Lab Homes Experiment Season HVAC Savings % (+/-95% confidence)
Average W-hr/day Savings
All Shades Down: Cellular Shades versus Vinyl Venetian Blinds
Cooling 13.3 (±1.3) 2,650Heating 9.3 (±1.9) 7,011
Typical Use: Cellular Shades versus Vinyl Venetian Blinds
Cooling 5.8 (±0.5) 1,487Heating 2.0 (±1.3) 1,505
Typical Use: Cellular Shades versus Vinyl Venetian Blinds
Cooling 10.4 (±6.5)Heating 16.6 (±5.3)
Semi-opaque double-cell shade pulled down (left) allows filtered natural light into north-side bedroom. Close-up view of same shade (right).
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Thermal Performance of Cellular Shades compared to the most Common Window Coverings (horizontal slatted blinds)
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Cellular Shades Reduce Daily Peak Energy Consumption
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Experimental Home Baseline HomeHVAC Savings %
(+/- 95% confidence)
Average W-hr/day Savings
Cellular shades always down No shades 24.8% (±8.6%) 3,359
Typical Use with Cellular Shades No shades 4.7% (±1.3%) 1,808
Energy Consumption Comparison between the Lab Homes
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Automated Shading Control Strategies: Summer Cooling Season
Experimental Home Baseline HomeHVAC Savings
% (+/- 95% confidence)
Average W-hr/day Savings
Average Max Peak Demand Reduction
(Watts)
HD “Green Mode”: Cellular shades operated on schedule to minimize heat gain through windows while allowing views during the day Vinyl Blinds, Typical
Use
15.1% (±2.0%) 3,287
Typical Use with Occupancy Override: Cellular shades pulled down when occupant goes to work (9AM-5PM), typical use all other hours
15.2% (±2.2%) 3,814
Demand response: Cellular shades pulled down in common areas during 4-hr peak period (3PM-7PM) and 4°F thermostat increase (typical use settings during non-peak hours)
Vinyl Blinds, Typical Use
15.7(±2.2%) 4,060 1600
Vinyl Blinds, Typical Use with 4°F thermostat increase at peak
16.6 (±2.94) 2,998 700
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Demand Response (DR) – Combining Thermostat Adjustments with Shading
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Both homes participating in DR (i.e., thermostat setback during peak period), but only Lab Home B pulls down cellular shades in living room during peak event. HVAC savings = 3,936 W-hrs with cellular shades on this day.
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Demand Response (DR) – Combining Thermostat Adjustments with Shading
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HVAC Cycling during Peak Period: DR Participant vs Non-Participant
Lab Home A: Typical blinds, typical use and no participation in DR during peak event Lab Home B: DR participant (with cellular
shades drawn down during peak event)
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Current Lab Homes Testing: Exterior Shades Summer Lab Home Testing currently underway
• Testing Graber Lightweaves motorized exterior shade (Springs Window Fashion):
• Cloth Fabric • 1% Openness • Black Color • Remote Control• Wind Sensor
• Testing cooling HVAC reduction and temperature differentials (added comfort for those with and without AC)
• Blocks UV rays before it hits the window• Preliminary HVAC savings ranging from 12-25% when
compared to a home that uses interior vinyl venetian style blinds for these same windows
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Boost Energy Savings with Automation
55Petersen et al. Evaluation of Cellular Shades in the PNNL Lab Homes. November 2016. PNNL. PNNL-24857, Rev2.
Cellular Shades
Automation
Improve energy savings (17% heating; 15% cooling)
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Boost Energy Savings with Automation
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100 Tbtu
430 TBtu
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
IMPROVING SHADING INSULATION (E.G., CELLULAR SHADES, TYPICAL
USE)
CELLULAR SHADES WITH OPTIMAL (I.E., AUTOMATED) CONTROL
Residential Energy Savings Potential
• Utility Energy Efficiency Outreach• Attachment Energy Rating Council
(AERC)• Smart App development
Education, Outreach, and
Incentives
• Automation and Control Integration • Connected Homes• AERC• Utility Programs and Incentives
Market Drivers
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Payback Ballpark Cellular Shades
$ Savings from Cellular Shades (relative to typical blinds used with typical settings)• Insulated Shades + Optimal Use
• $800-$3200/home• $80-$400/shade (assuming 8-10 shades
per home)
• Insulated Shades (thermal performance upgrade only)
• $250-$970/home• $25-$125/shade
• Optimal Year-Round Operation • $570-$2300/home• $140-$565/shade (assuming only 4
shades automated)57
Savings based on Lab Homes experimental results calibrated to simulated year-round energy use, assuming:• 13-year life• Seattle climate• 3 Prototype (including high and
low efficiency windows, ranging; 8-10 window shades per home)
• Electric resistance heat and air-conditioning
• Electricity rate: $.0979/kwatt-hr• No discounting of future savings or
escalation of rates assumed
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Benefits of Motorized and Automated Shades
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•Energy Efficiency •Connected Home•Ease of Use•Child Safety •Security/Privacy
CE Pro Trade Publication
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Health & WellnessWellness Benefits of Window Shades:• Increases thermal comfort within the household• The maximization of daylight enhance serotonin
levels, productivity, and relieves stress• Better sleep schedule
The WELL Building Institute – the leading global rating system and first to exclusively focus on the ways building can improve health and wellness has the potential to rate window shades as a product that increases comfort and overall wellness within an indoor space
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The Effective Control of Light and Glare• https://vimeo.com/116460663• Most window shades eliminate a significant
amount of glare within the household, while also allowing to take full advantage of natural daylighting - saving on electricity costs
• Most window shades not only protect against glare but ultraviolet exposure and solar heat gain
Optional video
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Discussion Topic:
What are the barriers to adopting window attachments as an
energy efficiency measure for utilities?
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Pilot Design and Partners
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Baltimore Gas & Electric (BG&E)Location BG&E Service Area
Timeline Pilot to take place in 2020
Manufacturer Partners
Number of Participants 10-20 residential homes
Goal of PilotEvaluate energy savings potential of automated shading systems in residential buildings
MarkdownManufacturers to cover cost for customers to upgrade from manual to automated shading systems
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Xcel Energy RebateXcel Energy (CO)
Location Xcel Energy Service Area in Colorado
Effective Date 2019-2020
Customer Requirements Customers must have central air conditioning in the residence to qualify for rebate
Rebate Value $1.33/ sq. ft.
Qualifying EquipmentOnly AERC certified cellular shades with a Warm Climate Rating of ≥ and a Cool Climate Rating of ≥ 35 qualify for a rebate
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Pilot Design and Partners
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Efficiency Vermont Focus on EnergyLocation All of Vermont (5 store
locations)Milwaukee (28 store locations)
Timeline Aug. 17 – Oct. 12, 2015 Sep. 15 – Nov. 15, 2017
ManufacturerPartners
Larson Manufacturing Larson Manufacturing andQuanta Panel (multi-family)
Retail Partners
MarkdownFull product markdown of Low-E storm windowincremental cost to clear glass (20-35%)
25% customer discount
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Pilot MarketingBranding and messaging of
product benefitsIn-store displays
Utility communications
Digital marketing and social media
ads
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Low-E Storm Window Utility Pilot Results
Pilot (year)Overall storm window sales increase
Low-E sales increase
Low-E market share
(2015) 37% 337%2014 – 22%2015 – 70%
(2017) 9.6% 125%2016 – 30%2017 – 62%
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Focus on Energy Comparison City Results
74Control Area Pilot Area
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Program Possibilities and Discussion• “Deemed” Savings
• Per shade incentive for thermal upgrade • Can align with Attachment Energy Rating Council (AERC) Efficiency Performance (EP) rating• HUB (i.e., brains of automation) controller rebate when automated controls are purchased for at least 4
common area windows
• Demand Response and Connected Homes• Incentive for automated shades in combination with Smart Thermostat• Smart Homes Diagnostics and Tips
• Education and Outreach • Targeted households (e.g., low-income, elderly, and disabled)• Pay for Performance and other new models• Pilots
• Savings validation under varied circumstances• Automation persistence• Demand response and Smart Home Tips• Pay-for-Performance 75
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AERC Utility ResourcesUtility Briefing Document
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Utility Program Design Primer AERC Meetings
Fall Meeting in NYC October 23-25
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Thank You!Erika [email protected](301) 628-2038
Stephen [email protected](303) 876-3203
Katie [email protected](509) 372-4374
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Product Category Average Price Manual
Average Price Motorized
Cellular Shades $140 $280
Roller Shades $145 $290
Blinds $125 $280
• Average price of hub: $153• Average price of remote: $45
*Pricing information based on information provided by manufacturers and through internet research conducted by D+R International in October 2018.
Residential Motorization and Automation Pricing
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Window Attachment Efficiency Landscape• DOE/EPA
• Attachment Energy Rating Council (AERC)• Emerging Technologies windows research• Building America research, testing, and technical
assistance• ENERGY STAR® program for storm windows
• Utilities• Consortium for Energy Efficiency• BPA and NEEA• Silicon Valley Power (with assistance from the American
Public Power Association)• Efficiency Vermont• Focus on Energy Wisconsin
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Cellular Shades • Technology Description:
• Honeycomb or cellular structure• Can be automated
• Target Market: • Good option for new construction and retrofit• Provides heating and cooling benefits
• Cost: • $35-$200
• Lifetime: • 8-10 years
• NEBs:• Occupant comfort, glare reduction, property value, privacy
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Roller Shades • Technology Description:
• Exterior or interior• Can be automated
• Target Market: • Good option for new construction and retrofit• Provides cooling benefits
• Cost: • $40-$200
• Lifetime: • 6-10 years
• NEBs:• Occupant comfort, glare reduction, privacy, daylighting
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Low-E Storm Windows• Technology Description:
• Window pane added to interior or exterior of existing window• Low-emissivity (low-e) coating minimize infrared energy that
can pass through • Reduces air infiltration
• Target Market: • Buildings with single or non-low-e double pane windows• Ideal for retrofit projects
• Cost: • $60-$180
• Lifetime: • 10-20 years
• NEBs: • Occupant comfort, improved health, noise reduction, security
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Energy Improvement Rating
Climate Rating Signifies: The window attachment installed over baseline window
<0 Use more energy on an annual basis than if it had no attachment at all
0 No net impact on the energy performance of the home on an annual basis
>0 and 100 Improves the net annual energy performance of the home
100 Performance is equivalent to a net zero energy window
>100 Net annual energy producer compared to a net zero energy window
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