Safety of Life at Sea Lifesaving

8/10/2019 Safety of Life at Sea Lifesaving

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Architects of Ghanas

International Tradeways

GIFFThe Global Voice of

Freight Logistics

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SOLAS

The International Convention for theSafety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) is themost important treaty protecting thesafety of merchant ships. The first

versi on of the treaty was passed in1914 in resp onse to the sinking of theRMS Tita nic . It prescribed numbers oflifeboats and other emergencyequipment along with safetyprocedures, including continuous radiowatches.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1914http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RMS_Titanichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RMS_Titanichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lifeboathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lifeboathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RMS_Titanichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lifeboathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lifeboathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RMS_Titanichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RMS_Titanichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1914


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Newer versions were adopted in 1929 ,

1948 , 1960 , and 1974 . The 1960Convention - which was activated in1965 - was the first major achievementfor International Maritime Organization (IMO) after its creation andrepresented a massive advance inupdating commercial shippingregulations and in staying up-to-datewith new technology and procedures inthe industry.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1929http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1948http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1960http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1974http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Maritime_Organizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Maritime_Organizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1974http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1960http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1948http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1929


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The 1974 version simplified theprocess for amending the treaty.A number of amendments havebeen adopted si nce. In particular,

amendments in 1988 based onamendments of Inter natio nalRadio Re gulations in 1987 replaced Morse code with theGlobal Maritime Distress SafetySystem (GMDSS ) and came intoforce beginning 1 February 1992 .
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1988http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1988http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1987http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morse_codehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1987http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Maritime_Distress_Safety_Systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Maritime_Distress_Safety_Systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Maritime_Distress_Safety_Systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Maritime_Distress_Safety_Systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Maritime_Distress_Safety_Systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1992http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1992http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1992http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Maritime_Distress_Safety_Systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Maritime_Distress_Safety_Systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morse_codehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1987http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1988


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"tacit acceptance"

The intention had been to keep theconvention up to date by periodicamendments, but the procedure toincorporate the amendments proved tobe very slow: it could take severalyears for the amendments to be putinto action since countries had to givenotice of acceptance to IMO and therewas a minimum threshold of countriesand tonnage .
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonnagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonnage


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"tacit acceptance"

The latest Convention in 1974therefore included the "tacitacceptance" procedurewhereby amendments enterinto force by default unlessnations file objections thatmeet a certain number ortonnage.


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LIFEBOAT

A lifeboat is a boat designed to savethe lives of people in trouble at sea.The term is used for vessels carried byships to allow passengers a nd cre w toescape in an emergency. In Britain theterm is also used for special shore-based vessels manned by volunteers,designed to quickly reach a ship orindividuals in trouble at sea. Bothships' lifeboats and rescue lifeboatsmay be rigid or inflatable vessels.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom


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Ship-launched lifeboats

These are designed to be lowered fromdavits on a ship's deck. They are designedto be unsinkable, with buoyancy thatcannot be damaged. The coverr is a stormshelter and sunshade, can usually collectrainwater, and is visible from the air.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Davithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Davit


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Ship-launched lifeboats

They usually carry flares and mirrors forsignaling, three days' worth of food andwater, oars, an engine, heater and basicnavigational equipment.

In recent history the boats have started tobe replaced by more modern and capabledesigns that do not meet this minimaldefinition.


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The International Convention for theSafety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) and th eInternational Life-Saving ApplianceCode (LSA) require a specific list ofemergency equipment to be carried on

each lifeboat and liferaft used oninternational voyage s. Modern lif eboatsshould also carry an EmergencyPosition-Indicating R adio Beacon

(EPIRB) and either a radar reflec tor orSearch and Rescue Transponder (SART).
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Convention_for_the_Safety_of_Life_at_Seahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Convention_for_the_Safety_of_Life_at_Seahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International_Life-Saving_Appliance_Code&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International_Life-Saving_Appliance_Code&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International_Life-Saving_Appliance_Code&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International_Life-Saving_Appliance_Code&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergency_Position-Indicating_Radio_Beaconhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergency_Position-Indicating_Radio_Beaconhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergency_Position-Indicating_Radio_Beaconhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergency_Position-Indicating_Radio_Beaconhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radar_reflectorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radar_reflectorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Search_and_Rescue_Transponderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Search_and_Rescue_Transponderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radar_reflectorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Search_and_Rescue_Transponderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Search_and_Rescue_Transponderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radar_reflectorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergency_Position-Indicating_Radio_Beaconhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergency_Position-Indicating_Radio_Beaconhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergency_Position-Indicating_Radio_Beaconhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergency_Position-Indicating_Radio_Beaconhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International_Life-Saving_Appliance_Code&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International_Life-Saving_Appliance_Code&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International_Life-Saving_Appliance_Code&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International_Life-Saving_Appliance_Code&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Convention_for_the_Safety_of_Life_at_Seahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Convention_for_the_Safety_of_Life_at_Sea


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Modern life boats

Modern motor life boats (MLB)originated as life boats that hadbe en mod ified with the addition of

an engine and provided morepower to get in and out of theswell area inside the surf. Theycan be launched from shore in anyweather and perform rescuesfurther distances out.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_life_boathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_combustion_enginehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_combustion_enginehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_combustion_enginehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_life_boat


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Older lifeboats relied on sails andoars, which are slower anddependent on wind conditions ormanpower. Both types remain in

use. All lifeboats of this typegenerally have m odern elec tronic devices such as radios and radar to help locate the party in distressand carry medical and foodsupplies for the survivors.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_VHF_radiohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_VHF_radiohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_VHF_radio


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.Six easy steps to launch an

open life boat are givenbelow which are selfexplanatory.


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GIFF

The Global Voice ofFreight Logistics

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Six easy steps to launch a

enclosed life boat are givenbelow which are self

explanatory.


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LIFERAFT


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A liferaft is your last means of defense to save crewslives, make sure they get serviced annuallyNever roll a liferaft, you could upset some of the liferaft'sworkings such as the painter line, the liferaft hasbreather holes at the bottom of the raft incase any waterenters the raft and also to stop the rubber eroding.

If a vessel sinks and you did not have time to launch theliferaft manually, the hydrostatic release will operatewhen it is submerged under the water between 1.5 - 4.0metres

The pressure of the water pushes down on a verticalspring releasing a second spring which is under a lot oftorque this pushes a very sharp blade out cutting theattachment line releasing the SENHOUSE SLIP


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How To launch a liferaftmanually

This is important and could save your life and alsoyour crews lives

(1) Have two men undo the SENHOUSE Slip

(2) Lift the liferaft to the ships rail (Do not undo thepainter line from the hydrostatic release)(3) Drop the liferaft into the water(4) Pull the painter line till it can come no more and thengive it a sharp pull

(5) The liferaft should now inflate(6) Pull the liferaft close to the pilot ladder(7) Put the strongest man into the liferaft first


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How To launch a liferaftmanually

(8) Pass him the tail of the painter line leading back tothe hydrostatic release, he will be pulling the liferaftcloser too(9) Every person that enters the liferaft helps him to keepthe liferaft close to the ship(10) The second last person will get the safety knifeattached to the sponsons inside the liferaft(11) Once the last person boards the liferaft, the painterline gets cut at the hydrostatic release side(12) It is important to try and not loose your liferaft's, thishas been done before, the reason for launching liferaft'sis there is no hope for the vessel, loose these liferaft'sand there is no hope for you, take care!


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Liferaft s, how they launch if thevessel sinks

RFD Liferaft


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The liferaft now floats free to the surface pullingthe painter line out, once all the painter line ispulled out it will pull a wire that is attached to aTHANNER OPERATING HEAD, this then

pierces the foil on the compressed Co2/nitrogenfilled canister. The Canister is connected to 2 hoses which are

connected to the liferaft's sponsonsOnce the liferaft is inflated the buoyancy of theliferaft breaks the weak link on the hydrostaticrelease


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http://www.marinebuzz.com/marinebuzzuploads/LaunchingofOpenLifeBoatExplained_B2D8/image6.png


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Life Boats and Liferafts are provided in ships as a means of lifesaving in case of emergency.

The number of lifeboats and liferafts provided is calculated on thebasis of carrying capacity of these life saving appliances and thenumber of ships crew.

The life saving appliances are to be surveyed periodically as per theregulations to ensure seaworthiness.

Safety awareness posters on procedures to launch life boats andliferafts are prominently displayed in ships.

Easy access/approach to these appliances is necessary to usethese life saving appliances without any time delay.

Drills on using life saving appliances are to be conductedperiodically to ensure ships crew are confident to use theseappliances in case of emergency.


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Five easy steps to launch aliferaft are given belowwhich are self explanatory.


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Distress radiobeacon

In the field of Search and Rescue (SAR), distress radiobeacons , alsocollectively known as distress

beacons , emergency beacons , orsimply, beac ons , are trackingtransmitters which aid in thedetecti on and location of boats ,aircraft , and/or persons indistress .
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Search_and_Rescuehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tracking_transmitterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tracking_transmitterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tracking_transmitterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tracking_transmitterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tracking_transmitterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tracking_transmitterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aircrafthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distresshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distresshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distresshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distresshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aircrafthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tracking_transmitterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tracking_transmitterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Search_and_Rescue


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In the proper sense, the term refersspecifically to the 3 types ofradiobeacons (listed below) thatinterface with Cospas-Sarsat , theinternational satellite system forSearch and Rescue. When activated,such beacons send out a distresssignal that, when detected bynon-geostationary satellites, can belocated by triangulation .
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_beaconhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cospas-Sarsathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distress_signalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distress_signalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geostationaryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triangulationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triangulationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geostationaryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geostationaryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geostationaryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distress_signalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distress_signalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cospas-Sarsathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cospas-Sarsathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cospas-Sarsathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_beacon


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In the case of 406 MHz beaconswhich transmit digital signals, thebeacons can be uniquely

identifie d almost instantly (vi aGEOSAR ), and f urthermo re, a GPS position can be encoded into thesignal (thus providing bothinstantaneous identification &position.)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GEOSARhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GEOSARhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encoderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encoderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encoderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GEOSAR


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Often using the initial positionprovided via the satellite system,the distress signals from thebeacons can be homed by SARaircraft and ground search partieswho can in turn come to the aid of

the concerned boat , aircraft ,and/or persons.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hominghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aircrafthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aircrafthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homing


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The basic purpose of distressradiobeacons is to get peoplerescued within the so-called"golden day" [2] (the first 24hours following a traumaticevent) when the majority ofsurvivors can still be saved.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EPIRBhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EPIRB


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Since the inception of Cospas-Sarsat in 1982,distress radiobeacons have assisted in therescue of over 20,531 persons in 5,752 distress situations. In 2005 distress radiobeacons aidedin the rescue of 1,666 persons in 435 distresssituations. [3] There are roughly 556000121.5 MHz beacons and 429000 406 MHzbeacons. [4] As of 2002 , there were roughly

82,000 registered (406 MHz) beacons, and over500,000 of the older unregistered kind.[
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cospas-Sarsathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distresshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EPIRBhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EPIRBhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2002http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2002http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EPIRBhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EPIRBhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distresshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cospas-Sarsathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cospas-Sarsathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cospas-Sarsat


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EPIRBS


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EPIRBS

EPIRB stands for Emergency PositionIndicating Radio Beacon. An EPIRB ismeant to help rescuers locate you in anemergency situation, and these radioshave saved many lives since theircreation in the 1970s. Boaters are the

main users of EPIRBs.


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An Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacon(EPIRB) is a transmitter that will send a distresssignal up to a satellite system from anywhere inthe World or up to aircraft if they are in range.With one, you can easily alert the emergencyservices in situations where you would be out ofrange of normal communications.

Whist useful for coastal sailors, EPIRBs could beconsidered to be essential for anyonecontemplating an ocean crossing


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Register your EPIRB They are registered to the specific boat, so if it is

triggered the rescue services know exactly whatthey are looking for and to check that the boat isat sea (Many alerts are accidental).

Because EPIRBs are registered to the boat theymust never be swapped from one vessel toanother without being re-registered.


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A modern EPIRB is a sophisticateddevice that contains:

A 5-watt radio transmitter operating at406 MHz (see How the Radio SpectrumWorks for details on frequencies)

A 0.25-watt radio transmitter operatingat 121.5 MHz

A GPS receiver
http://www.howstuffworks.com/radio-spectrum.htmhttp://www.howstuffworks.com/radio-spectrum.htmhttp://www.howstuffworks.com/gps.htmhttp://www.howstuffworks.com/gps.htmhttp://www.howstuffworks.com/radio-spectrum.htmhttp://www.howstuffworks.com/radio-spectrum.htm


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GPS EPIRBS

The latest generation of EPIRBs haveGPS built in, this means that the position

of a vessel in distress can be known toabout 20m. At present these EPIRBs are the most

expensive but they will become standardin the future and the price will dropconsiderably.
http://scripts.affiliatefuture.com/AFClick.asp?affiliateID=130903&merchantID=2956&programmeID=7756&mediaID=0&tracking=&url=http://www.compass24.com/watersports/abnetshop.pl?ARTNR=133690http://scripts.affiliatefuture.com/AFClick.asp?affiliateID=130903&merchantID=2956&programmeID=7756&mediaID=0&tracking=&url=http://www.compass24.com/watersports/abnetshop.pl?ARTNR=133690http://www.howstuffworks.com/radio.htm


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Once activated, both of the radios starttransmitting. Approximately 24,000 miles

(39,000 km) up in space, a GOESweather satellite in a geosynchronousorbit can detect the 406-MHz signal.Embedded in the signal is a unique serialnumber , and, if the unit is equipped with aGPS receiver , the exact location of theradio is conveyed in the signal as well. Ifthe EPIRB is properly registered, the serialnumber lets the Coast Guard know whoowns the EPIRB.
http://www.howstuffworks.com/radio.htmhttp://rsd.gsfc.nasa.gov/goes/http://rsd.gsfc.nasa.gov/goes/http://www.howstuffworks.com/satellite6.htmhttp://www.howstuffworks.com/satellite6.htmhttp://www.howstuffworks.com/gps.htmhttp://www.howstuffworks.com/gps.htmhttp://www.howstuffworks.com/satellite6.htmhttp://www.howstuffworks.com/satellite6.htmhttp://rsd.gsfc.nasa.gov/goes/http://rsd.gsfc.nasa.gov/goes/http://www.howstuffworks.com/radio.htm


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Rescuers in planes or boats can home inon the EPIRB using either the 406-MHz or

121.5-MHz signal. Older EPIRBs did notcontain the GPS receiver, so the GOESsatellite received only a serial number.To locate the EPIRB, another set ofsatellites (like the TIROS-N satellite )orbiting the planet in a low polar orbit could pick up the signal as it passedoverhead. This would give a rough fixon the location, but it took severalhours for a satellite to come into range.
http://www.howstuffworks.com/satellite.htmhttp://www.howstuffworks.com/framed.htm?parent=question351.htm&url=http://www.earth.nasa.gov/history/tiros/tirosn.htmlhttp://www.howstuffworks.com/satellite6.htmhttp://www.howstuffworks.com/satellite6.htmhttp://www.howstuffworks.com/framed.htm?parent=question351.htm&url=http://www.earth.nasa.gov/history/tiros/tirosn.htmlhttp://www.howstuffworks.com/framed.htm?parent=question351.htm&url=http://www.earth.nasa.gov/history/tiros/tirosn.htmlhttp://www.howstuffworks.com/framed.htm?parent=question351.htm&url=http://www.earth.nasa.gov/history/tiros/tirosn.htmlhttp://www.howstuffworks.com/satellite.htm


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SART

S.A.R.T. stands for Search And rescueTransponder, when activated, and vesselwith a radar that is operating in the 9Ghzbandwidth will be able to home on yourvessel (or liferaft).

S h d R


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Search and RescueTransponder

Shipboard Global Maritime DistressSafety System (GMDSS) installationsinclude one or more Search andRescue Transponder (SART ) device swhic h are used to locate a survivalcraft or distressed vessel by creating aserie s of dots on a rescuing ship'sradar display . A SA RT will only respond

to an X-band (3 cm w aveleng th ) radar.It will not be seen on S-band (10 cm) orother radar.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Maritime_Distress_Safety_Systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Maritime_Distress_Safety_Systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Maritime_Distress_Safety_Systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lifeboathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lifeboathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lifeboathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lifeboathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-bandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centimeterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wavelengthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-bandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centimeterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wavelengthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S-bandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wavelengthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S-bandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S-bandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S-bandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S-bandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wavelengthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centimeterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-bandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-bandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-bandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lifeboathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lifeboathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Maritime_Distress_Safety_Systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Maritime_Distress_Safety_System


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The SART may be triggered by any X-

band radar within a range ofapproximately 8 nautical miles (15kilometers). Each radar pulse receivedcauses it to transmit a response whichis swept repetitively across thecomplete radar frequency band. Wheninterrogated, it first sweeps rapidly(0.4 microsecond ) through the bandbefore beginning a relatively slowsweep
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nautical_milehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequencyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsecondhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsecondhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequencyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nautical_mile


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Over 5 miles will give the above effect on

radar once the SART has been activatedBetween 1-5 miles will give the aboveeffect on radar once the SART has beenactivated Under 1 mile will give the aboveeffect on radar once the SART has beenactivated

To activate a S.A.R.T;


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(1) Remove the S.A.R.T. from it'scontainer(2) Pull the safety pin from the S.A.R.T.(3) Check the RED light is on

(4) In onboard the vessel, try and get it ashigh as possible(5) If in a Liferaft, mount it on top of the

liferaft


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Battery Renewal - 4 years

Type of battery - LithiumOperating life span - 100 hours in stand-bymode and 8 hours when continuously sending asignal

Serviced every 2 yearsMonthly tests - turn the switch on the S.A.R.T. totest mode, hold for a few seconds, an audiblealarm will sound and the light will flash(As soon as you see the light and hear thesound you should switch it off, leaving it on willactivate the S.A.R.T.

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