SADC-GIZ Project “Sustainable Forest Management …...Page 4 Sustainable Management of Indigenous...

SADC-GIZ Project “Sustainable Forest Management and Conservation”

Final ReportPrepared by: Dr. Wibke Thies, Project Coordinator

Presented by: Moses Chakanga at SADC-SAIIA Conference

22-23 October, 2013

Content

• Sustainable Management of Indeginous Forests Project: 1996-2008: background, objectives, approach, challenges, impacts

• Sustainable Forest Management and Conservation Project: 2009-2012: background, objectives, approach, impacts

• Conclusions

• Looking forward 2012-2015

Sustainable Management of Indigenous Forests1996-2008: Background• Problem: destruction of the livelihood basis by unsustainable

practices and framework conditions for the management of dry forests (Miombo, Mopane) in the SADC region.

1. Initial proposal for Project “Sustainable Management of Indigenous Forests”: endorsed 1989, by the SADC Technical Committee on Forestry.

2. Implementation began 1996, with a two-years’ pilot phase

3. German long-term advisor assigned to SADC Forestry Sector Technical Co-ordination Unit (FSTCU, counterpart of the Project) in Lilongwe, Malawi.

Sustainable Management of Indigenous Forests1996-2008: Objectives1. Communities increasingly use sustainable practices for the

management and protection of dryland forests in the SADC region. Pilot Phase (03/1996-02/1998)

2. FSTCU disseminates with implementing organisations and decision makers successful strategies for community based forest management. Implementation Phases 1-2 (03/1998-09/2002)

3. Tested strategies and methods for community based forest management are increasingly used in SADC MS and are politically anchored. Phase 3 (10/2002-09/2006)

4. Management of forest resources and of transfrontier conservation areas (TFCAs) is strengthened for the benefit of the neighbouring communities. Phase 4 (10/2006-12/2008)

Sustainable Management of Indigenous Forests1996-2008: Approach1. Develop, test, implement, document and report on innovative

instruments and strategies for community based, participatory and sustainable management of indigenous forests in 4 pilot countries. Project carried out in:Botswana (implemented by Veld Products Research & Development), Malawi (The Wildlife and Environmental Society of Malawi), Namibia (Namibian Forest Service), Mozambique (Grupo de Trabalho Ambiental)

2. Tap information from projects in the region already using innovative approaches

3. Disseminate successful approaches through regional structures (FSTCU) into other SADC Member States

Sustainable Management of Indigenous Forests1996-2008: Challenges1. In 2000, external challenges resulted in delays:

• Restructuring process in SADC: FSTCU dissolved, new FANR directorate not yet in place and later strongly understaffed: no regional counterpart until 2007, no regional dissemination into other MS (TC Meetings suspended)

• Project coordinator took over tasks from FSTCU

• Flooding of project area in Mozambique: while other pilot projects (Botswana, Malawi, & Namibia) are handed over 2006; Mozambique needed support until 2008

2. Challenges resulted in moving project location from Malawi to Maputo, Mozambique

Sustainable Management of Indigenous Forests1996-2008: Impacts

Ex-post evaluation conducted 2008. Results:

1. Project serves as business model for sustainable forest projects

2. Toolkits developed: � Participatory development of community forest

management plans� Establishment of eco camp sites� Guinea fowl rearing and marketing� Establishment of village natural resources management

committees� Bee-keeping; devil’s-claw and juice production; and their

marketing� Establishment of harvester groups and village based

officers

Sustainable Management of Indigenous Forests1996-2008: Impacts (ctd.)3. Contribution to poverty reduction and improvement of food

security of rural populations:

• 20.000 people in 4 pilot projects benefit from the combinationof forest management plans with measures for thesustainable use and marketing of non-timber forest products(e.g. guinea fowl, devils claw, fruit juices and charcoal)

• On average, 77% of the 20.000 people declared that their living standards improved significantly

• Icome increased 5-10 times through the selling of NTFP (e.g. in Malawi from US$43 to US$500 per person per year).

• In the Okongo community forest, Namibia, 2/3 of the participating households doubled their income through rearing of guinea fowls.

Sustainable Management of Indigenous Forests1996-2008: Impacts (ctd.)

4. New income is invested into education of children, improvement of houses, cows and agricultural equipment.

5. Economic success attracted development: in Malawi the population founded a fruit juice factory and exports the products; electricity attracts small scale industries (mills) and provide new jobs

6. Model for other donors: IUCN presented Malawi project as best practice at World Summit 2002

7. Creation of local institutions strengthened self organization of local communities: in Namibia the Okongo Community Forest committee received certificate for use rights over 70.000 ha of forest.

Sustainable Management of Indigenous Forests1996-2008: Impacts (ctd.)8. Establishment of Community Development Funds:

strengthened participatory decision making processes concerning local development measures

9. Empowerment of women: playing a leading role in decision making and implementation of activities.

10. Principles of participatory forest management are partlyintegrated into national legislation (Malawi and Namibia):

11. Reduction of pressure on forests; deforestation & number of forest fires reduced in pilot areas

12. Negative trend in Mozambique: new forest practices were used by the population to exploit the forest even further (due to fire wood demand in cities)

13. At SADC level: community forestry integrated into Protocol on Forestry and forestry strategy

� This marked end of the Project ”Sustainable Management of Indigenous Forests” 1996-2008

� However, it continued in a new form as ”Sustainable Forest Management and Conservation ” 2009-2012

Sustainable Forest Management and Conservation2009-2012: Background

[Continued from previous Project as Phase 5 (1/2009-05-2012)]

• Staffing conditions at Directorate of Food Agriculture & Natural Resources (FANR) improved (2007 SPO NRM, 2009 SPO Environment)

• Project became regional: providing more support to SADC Secretariat and regional processes

• Support to income generating activities continued, particularly in buffer zone of Limpopo National Park (Mozambique)

• In 2010 project moved location from Maputo to Gaborone, Botswana

Sustainable Forest Management and Conservation2009-2012: Objectives

• FANR services provided to MS on Environment and NR are improved

• The neighbouring communities’ value addition from forest resources in Transfrontier Conservation Areas (TFCAs) in selected SADC countries is improved.

Sustainable Forest Management and Conservation2009-2012: Approach

1. Strengthening the service provision of SADC Secretariat to MS concerning sustainable use and protection of natural resources

2. Supporting SADC positioning processes for the negotiations atinternational environmental conventions (UNFF, UNFCCC)

3. Increasing the income of the population living in the buffer zone of the Limpopo National Park (Great Limpopo TFCA)

• Challenges:

• There was a weak conceptual connection between regional and local implementation levels and

• continuous lack of financial and human resources at FANR Directorate (with regard to Environment and NR Units)

Sustainable Forest Management and Conservation2009-2012: Impacts – Regional Level

1. FANR actively promoted the participation of all MS and of different stakeholder groups (government, civil society, science and private sector) in policy formulation processes; and the positioning for international environmental conventions

2. Press- and TV reports; results of a questionnaire to MS; and public statements of SADC Ministers show: the new visibility of FANR (regional & international) and the MS appreciation for the new FANR services.

3. FANR improved its role as coordinator of regional decision making processes within SADC and African Group: SADC developed common positions for UNFF, UNFCCC COP15 (Copenhagen), COP 16 (Cancun) COP17 (Durban) .

4. SADC Council, 2012 noted: “SADC Member States supported and successfully championed the African common position towards [UNFCCC] COP17 which proved to be a significant step in producing a favourable outcome for Africa”.


5. Increased MS satisfaction with services provided by SADC Secretariat:• 2009 four more countries ratified Protocol on Forestry, and it came

into force • MS participation at regional meetings increased to 90%• More than 50% of interviewed persons think that participation of

different stakeholder groups at consultations at SADC level has improved

• More than 90% believe that results of regional workshops are relevant to very relevant for management of transboundary NR

• Almost 80% think that SADC‘s visibility at international and regional events has improved

• More than 60% think that exchange between MS through their participation at regional consultations has improved significantly

• More than 60% think that service provision of FANR has improved.


6. There is significant focus on topics that add value for the region, create synergies between MS and promote regional integration:

• SADC Forestry Strategy developed (approved 2010).

• 4 regional programmes developed: Fire (approved 2010), REDD+ (approved 2011); TFCAs and FLEGT (approved 2013). This concludes the first phase of policy formulation in the area of cross-border natural resources management to implement the SADC Regional Indicative Strategic Development Plan (RISDP).

• Developed and presented a transboundary ecosystem approach for REDD+ (“REDD+ beyond boundaries“) at UNFCCC COPs 16 and 17: to influence the negotiation text

Sustainable Forest Management and Conservation2009-2012: Impacts – Community Level

1. 174 families participated in 6 pilot irrigation projects, Total 1400 family members benefit, of which 66% women.

2. Baseline Study conducted: and indicated that families were able to cover their food needs on their own only for 3-4 months. In 2010, the revenue from selling of agricultural products was 145 EUR / family. All families had to sell cows and goats to buy additional food.

3. After introduction of irrigation measures: it was estimated that in 2011 revenues (before costs) from sold products (vegetables, maize, beans) were at 735 - 1600 EUR per family (10 fold increase). Food security ensured 12 months.

Conclusion• Project was successful:

• More than 20,000 people in the region improved their livelihoods

• Disseminated approaches for community based forest management, at least in pilot countries.

• Developed regional strategies and programmes, which put focus on themes that add value to the region, create synergies between MS and promote regional integration

• Total budget (1996-2012): 9.634.841 EUR

• More Details in: Brochure SADC, GIZ 2010: Sustainable Management of Indigenous Forests – Experiences from the Southern African Development Community

Briefly, looking foward

Implementation of SADC Programmes

• Despite the fact that relevant SADC Protocol on Forestry, forestry strategy and programmes are in place, they are not yet being sufficiently implemented at MS level� Protocol on Forestry, among others, calls for protection &

management of transboundary forests� Forestry Strategy (8 priority areas for programme

development)� Developed programmes (Fire, REDD+, TFCAs, and FLEGT)

• SADC Secretariat is now putting more emphasis on implementation of programmes by MS

New Project: GIZ-SADC Transboundary Use and Protection of Natural Resources, 2012-2015

Objective: The implementation of SADC protocols and strategies for sustainable natural resource management by regional and national actors is improved

Project will support implementation of:

1. TFCAs Programme (main focus)� Support income generation activities in selected TFCAs� Establishement of TFCAs network� Complilation of best practices and development of regional

standands2. Fire Management Programme (partially)� Support cross border fire management in selected TFCAs� Capacity development on fire management

Transboundary Use and Protection of Natural Resources Project

3. REDD+ Programme (partially)

� capacity development for REDD+

4. Support SADC positioning processes for negotiations at international environmental conventions (e.g. UNFF, UNFCCC)

Forthcoming JICA support to SADC Forestry Sector

• SADC & JICA are establishing regional cooperation

• SADC workshop, held Feb 2013: Member States agreed upon 3 areas for JICA support:

1. Forest information system (for REDD+);

2. Integrated fire management; and

3. Participatory forest management.

It is expected more collaboration between International Cooperating Partners (ICPs) and MS will lead to large scale implementation of SADC programmes for the benefit of the region

Obrigado

Merci

Thank you for your attention!

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