Sabric Card Fraud Booklet 2014

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TABLE OF CONTENTSSabric Card Fraud Booklet 2014

Summary

Qualification of Information

National Overview of Card Fraud (2006-2014)

Credit Card Fraud

Where Does the Fraudulent Expenditure Occur?

Credit Card Fraud Loss in South Africa

Geographical Distribution

Debit Card FraudWhere Does the Fraudulent Expenditure Occur?

Geographical Distribution

How Does RSA Compare Internationally?

Fraud Types

Card Not Present Card (CNP) Fraud

What is Card Not Present Card (CNP) Fraud?

Counterfeit Credit Card Fraud

What is Counterfeit Credit Card Fraud?

Card Skimming

What is Card Skimming

Card Skimming with Handheld Devices

What does a Handheld Skimming Device Look Like?

Card Skimming with ATM Mounted Devices

What does an ATMMounted Skimming Device look like?

Lost and/or Stolen Card Fraud

What is Lost and/or Stolen Card Fraud?

False Application Card FraudWhat is False Application Card Fraud?

Account Takeover Card Fraud

What is Account Takeover Card Fraud?

Not Received Issued (NRI) Card Fraud

What is Not Received Issued (NRI) Card Fraud?

Important Tips to Avoid Becoming a Victim of Card Fraud

Industry Measures to Prevent Card Fraud

Protection of Client Data

Improvement of Internal Systems and Processes

Sharing of Information and Combating of Card Crime

Crime Awareness

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The banking industrys gross fraud losses due to South African (SA) issued credit card fraud increased

by 23%, from R366.8m in 2013 to R453.9m in 2014.

A drastic increase (1143%, from R6.2m to R78.3m) in False Application fraud is a major contributor to

the overall increase in credit card fraud during 2014.

Card Not Present (CNP) card fraud contributed 42% of the total credit card gross fraud losses in 2014and the losses increased by 7% from R178.7m in 2013 to R191.7m in 2014.

64% of all CNP credit card losses occurred outside of South Africa.

Counterfeit credit card fraud losses decreased by 14% in 2014 and contributed to 27% of the overall

credit card gross fraud loss.

60% of all Counterfeit credit card losses occurred outside of South Africa.

Whilst Lost and/or Stolen credit card fraud increased by 64% from R31.7m in 2013 to R52.2m in 2014,

the fraud losses account for 11% of the total gross fraud losses on credit cards.

Gauteng, the Western Cape and KwaZulu-Natal accounted for 88% of the credit card fraud losses in

South Africa.

Debit card gross fraud losses amounted to R123.5m in 2014 compared to the R117.7m in 2013,

recording a 5% increase.

The majority of debit card fraud losses relate to Counterfeit fraud (65%), followed by Lost and/or

Stolen fraud losses (33%).

The majority of the fraudulent debit card transactions for 2014 occurred in Gauteng (40%) followed by

KwaZulu-Natal (15%), Eastern and Western Cape, (both 9%)

SUMMARY

SABRICCARD FRAUD BOOKLET 2014

PAGE 3 | Card Fraud 2014


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Credit and debit card fraud information utilised in this report was provided by Barclays Africa Group, First

National Bank, Standard Bank of South Africa, Nedbank, Investec, Virgin, Amex, Diners Club, Capitec Bank,

Mercantile Bank, Bidvest, UBank, Bank of Athens, Albaraka Bank, Postbank and African Bank.

Credit card fraud figures include cheque card fraud.

Statistics used in the report are from 01 January to September 2014. For the comparative analysis theabovementioned period will be compared to similar periods since 2006, with a focus on 2013 to 2014.

Information set used: All credit and debit card fraud losses as reported to SABRIC by 20 October 2014. All

calculations are based on the date of the fraudulent transaction.

All fraud losses mentioned in this booklet refer to gross fraud losses and do not relate to the actual losses

suffered by the banking industry. Figures pertaining to losses due to fraud have been rounded off to the

nearest R1 million, unless otherwise stated. Due to rounding off, the sum of the separate items may differ

from the totals shown.

QUALIFICATION OF INFORMATION




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CREDIT CARD FRAUD

The gross fraud losses due to fraud perpetrated with SA issued credit cards increased by 23%, from

R366.8m in 2013 to R453.9m in 2014. The graph below depicts the industrys total fraud losses on SA issued

credit cards, irrespective of the geographical location of the fraudulent transaction.

Card fraud losses on SA issued credit cards (all countries) (Jan - Sept 2006 to 2014)

NATIONAL OVERVIEW OF CARD FRAUD (2006-2014)

MILLIONS

2014

2013

2011

2012

2010

2008

2009

2006

2007

R0 R100 R200 R300 R400 R500

R453.9

R366.8

R300.6

R367.4

R186.9

R291.7

R367.9

R278.4

R178.3




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Percentage distribution per fraud type on SA issued credit cards during 2014

SA issued credit card fraud per fraud type, all countries

All figures in R millions

CNP

42.4%

Lost and/orStolen

11.4%

NRI

1.3%

False

Application17.4%

Counterfeit

27.4%Account

Takeover

0.1%

FRAUD TYPE 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Lost and/or

Stolen R66.2m

R4.2m

R29.8m

R53.5m


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WHERE DOES THE FRAUDULENT EXPENDITURE OCCUR?

Card fraud losses on SA issued credit cards (Jan - Sept 2006 to 2014)

MILLIONS

R0 R50 R100 R150 R200 R250 R300

R220.7

R222.92014

2013

2012

2011

2010

2009

2008

2007

2006

R231.0

R145.9

R164.8

R135.8

R243.9

R123.5

R114.0

R72.8

R213.4

R78.2

R272.4

R95.5

R213.4

R65.0

R130.1

R48.1

Transactions not in SA Transactions in SA




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For the year 2014, 49% of all credit card fraud losses occurred outside the borders of South Africa as

compared to 60% in 2013. Credit card fraud losses on SA issued credit cards used inside South Africa,

increased by 58% in 2014 (from R145.9m in 2013 to R231.0m in 2014).

A seven percent increase occurred on CNP credit card fraud losses. CNP fraud remains the biggest

contributor of fraudulent expenditure on SA issued credit cards (42%) for 2014. Of all CNP credit card fraud

losses, 64% occured outside South Africa.

Counterfeit credit card fraud losses outside South Africa decreased by 16% (R89.3m to R74.6m). Whilst 40%

of all counterfeit transactions occurred within South Africa, these losses decreased by 12%, from R55.1m to

R48.4m in 2014.

Fraudulent spend with Lost and/or Stolen credit cards increased by 64% with 79% of the transactions

occurring in South Africa.

Counterfeit SA issued credit cards are frequently being used by criminals in neighbouring countries such

as Zambia, Zimbabwe, Botswana, Namibia and Mozambique and these transactions are mostly related to

fraudulent cash withdrawals at ATMs.

The five countries with the highest recorded financial losses due to CNP and Counterfeit fraud on SA

issued credit cards during 2014 were:

CNP Counterfeit

United States

United Kingdom

France

China

Australia

United States

India

Mexico

Brazil

Canada




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CREDIT CARD FRAUD LOSS IN SOUTH AFRICA

Credit card fraud losses on SA issued cards used in South Africa, increased by 58% from R145.9m in 2013 to

in R231.0m in 2014.

Lost and/or Stolen credit card fraud losses increased by 60% in 2014 and accounts for 18% of the total

credit card fraud losses in South Africa. Criminals have reverted to modus operandi such as shoulder

surfing and card jamming or swopping due to changes in business processes linked to Chip & PIN cards.

Inevitably this has led to a visible increase in Lost and/or Stolen card fraud, similar to the card fraud trends

noted in the UK. Lost and/or Stolen card fraud is currently at the highest level in five years.

Transactions associated with False Applications recorded the biggest increase (1516%), increasing from

R4.2m (2013) to R68.8m (2014). Out of all False Application transactions, 88% occurred in South Africa.

Criminals abuse online application channels and use false details to open multiple credit card accounts

and in doing so, receive a legitimate card and PIN.

Counterfeit credit card fraud losses inside South Africa, decreased by 12% (from R55.1m in 2013 to R48.4m

in 2014).

CNP fraud committed within South Africa increased by 21% from R56.7m in 2013 to R68.9m in 2014.

Credit card fraud in South Africa split by fraud type (year-on-year, Jan - Sept 2006 to 2014)

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

R0

R60

R40

R20

R80

R100

R120

R140

R160

Account Takeover

Not Received Issued

Card Not Present

Lost/Stolen

Counterfeit

False Applications

MILLIONS




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GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION

Gauteng, Western Cape and KwaZulu-Natal accounted for 88% of all credit card fraud losses in South

Africa. These provinces also recorded the highest number of skimming devices retrieved in the field.

The remaining provinces accounted for 12% of the fraud losses. With the exception of the North West

Province, all eight provinces recorded an increase. Gauteng accounts for 55% of the credit card fraud

losses, followed by the Western Cape with 22% and KwaZulu-Natal with 9%. The provinces with the

highest increase in credit card fraud losses were Gauteng with 49% (R63.5m to R94.7m) and the Western

Cape with 47% (R26.2m to R38.6m). Losses in the Northern Cape increased with 168% (R288 112 to R772

860), however the losses are miniscule when compared to the rest of the provinces.

Provincial Geographical Distribution

All figures in R millions

PROVINCE 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Eastern Cape

Free State

Gauteng

KwaZulu-Natal

R1.9m

R1.6m

R67.8m

R16.3m

R1.5m

R2.7m

R4.8m

R3.3m

R91.9m

R34.3m

R2.7m

R6.1m

R4.9m

R4.3m

R117.5m

R41.4m

R3.5m

R7.2m

R2.1m

R2.3m

R85.9m

R27.9m

R2.1m

R4.9m

R1.3m

R1.1m

R49.4m

R16.7m

R2.2m

R1.9m

R1.9m

R1.1m

R73.6m

R23.7m

R2.4m

R1.4m

R3.6m

R1.3m

R73.9m

R10.9m

R2.7m

R2.3m

R4.4m

R1.7m

R63.5m

R13.5m

R3.3m

R3.4m

R5.2m

R2.0m

R94.7m

R15.9m

R4.8m

R4.2m

R1.4m R4.3m R5.2m R2.6m R1.4m R1.8m R2.1m R3.3m R3.2m


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WHERE DOES THE FRAUDULENT EXPENDITURE OCCUR?

The majority of the fraudulent transactions on SA issued debit cards occured within South Africa. Whenused outside South Africa, neighbouring African countries are targeted and the bulk of these transactions

relates to cash withdrawals at ATMs.

The five African countries with the highest recorded financial losses due to Counterfeit fraud on SA issued

debit cards during 2014 were:

Lesotho

Namibia

Zimbabwe

Mozambique

Botswana




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GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION

The distribution of debit card fraud within Gauteng, KwaZulu-Natal, Western and Eastern Cape is similarto that of credit card fraud. In 2014 the majority of the fraudulent transactions occurred in Gauteng (41%)

followed by KwaZulu- Natal (15%), Western Cape (10%) and Eastern Cape (9%).

The other provinces collectively account for 26% of the fraud losses on debit cards. A decrease was seen in

the losses associated with fraudulent transactions, in all the provinces except the Northern Cape where an

increase from 0.4% to 1.2% was seen.

Percentage of debit card fraud losses per province (Jan - Sept 2011 to 2014)

PROVINCE 2011 2012 2013 2014

Gauteng

KwaZulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

42%

18%

17%

7%

4%

3%

43%

18%

9%

9%

6%

3%

42%

16%

8%

8%

6%

4%

41%

15%

9%

10%

7%

5%

3% 5% 5% 6%

2% 3% 6% 7%

- - 0.4% 1%

Mpumalanga

Free State

North West

Limpopo

Northern Cape




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HOW DOES RSA COMPARE INTERNATIONALLY?

According to Financial Fraud Action UK, fraud losses on UK issued cards increased by 14% from January

to June 2014, compared to the same period in 2013. These figures include the losses for debit and credit

card fraud.

CNP fraud accounted for 70% of the total losses and increased by 22% compared to 2013.

Lost and/or Stolen card fraud increased by three percent and was the second highest loss category, with

12% of all losses associated to Lost and/or Stolen cards.

Counterfeit fraud accounts for 10% of the total losses and increased by 3% compared to the same period

in 2013. It is noteworthy to mention that losses associated to cards issued but not received (NRI) increased

by 10%.

South Africa mirrors the UK trend with increases in CNP, NRI and Lost and/or Stolen card fraud. However,

in spite of the current decrease in Counterfeit credit card fraud it remains one of the major contributors to

card fraud in South Africa.

Source: (http://www.financialfraudaction.org.uk/news-article.asp?genre=media&Article=2780)

Card fraud losses on UK issued cards (Jan - June 2007 to 2014)

MILLIONS

R0 R50 R100 R150 R200 R250 R300 R350

2014 247.6

2013 216.1

2012 185.0

2011 169.8

2010 186.8

2009 232.8

2008 304.2

2007 263.6




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FRAUD TYPES (RSA ISSUED CREDIT AND DEBIT

CARDS, USED WITHIN AND OUTSIDE

SOUTH AFRICA)

CARD NOT PRESENT CARD FRAUD (CNP)

CNP fraud losses increased by 7% from R178.7m in 2013 to R191.7m in 2014 and contributed 42% of the

total credit card fraud losses in 2014.

The increase in CNP fraud seen over the last few years is a clear indication that South African credit cardfraud trends are following similar trends as in other EMV compliant countries such as the UK.

Banks are starting to allow CNP transactions on their debit cards, and the fraud on these cards is expected

to increase. During 2014 the losses associated with CNP fraud on debit cards amounted to R1.2m, and

contributed 1.8% of the total loss on debit cards.

Card Not Present credit card fraud (Jan - Sept 2006 to 2014)

MILLIONS

R0 R50 R100 R150 R200

2014 R191.7

2013

2012

2011

2010

2009

2008

2007

2006

R178.7

R154.7

R133.4

R64.2

R63.1

R65.8

R40.7

R22.3




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COUNTERFEIT CARD FRAUD

Counterfeit card fraud losses on SA issued credit cards (all countries) (Jan - Sept 2006 to 2014)

Counterfeit card fraud decreased by 14% in 2014 and contributed 27% of the overall credit card gross fraud

losses. 60% of all Counterfeit credit card losses occurred outside South Africa and decreased by 16% (from

R89.3m in 2013 to R74.6m in 2014). Counterfeit credit card losses in South Africa decreased from R55.1m to

R48.4m (-12%) during 2014.

MILLIONS

R0 R50 R100 R150 R200 R250

2006 R53.5

2007 R94.7

2008 R157.1

2009 R145.7

2010 R92.7

2011 R207.7

2012 R113.9

2013 R144.5

2014 R123.1




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Counterfeit card fraud losses on SA issued debit cards (all countries) (Jan - Sept 2011 to 2014)

Counterfeit debit card fraud decreased by 25% in 2014 and contributes 65% of the overall debit card gross

fraud losses. 60% of all Counterfeit debit card losses occurred inside South Africa with the remaining 40%

occurring outside South Africa.

MILLIONS

R0 R50 R100 R150 R200 R250

2011 R213.3

2014 R82.2

2012

2013 R109.8

R183.9




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CARD SKIMMING

CARD SKIMMING WITH HANDHELD DEVICESHandheld skimming still remains a threat and is one of the major contributors to Counterfeit card fraud.

From 2005 to September 2014 a total of 1 377 handheld skimming devices were recovered by either SAPS

or bank investigators, with 74 of these seized between January to September 2014.

Retrieved handheld skimming devices (2005 to 2014)

0 50 100 150 200 250

2006 48

2007 90

2008 143

2009 206

2010 190

2011 194

2012 237

2013 151

2014 74

2005 44




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During 2014 the majority of handheld skimming devices were recovered in Gauteng (38), KwaZulu-Natal

(13) and the Western Cape (9). There was an increase in the number of devices recovered in KwaZulu-Natal

(13 compared to the 11 in 2013).

Cards can be skimmed at ATMs or at points of sale and therefore bank clients are urged not to accept

assistance from anybody at ATMs and not to let their cards out of sight when transacting.

EasternCape

6

FreeState

0

Gauteng

38

KwaZulu-Natal

13

Limpopo

2

Mpumalanga

5

NorthernCape

1

North West

0

WesternCape

9




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WHAT DOES A HANDHELD SKIMMING DEVICE LOOK LIKE?

The images below are examples of handheld skimming devices. Although there are many models

available, handheld skimming devices are usually small black objects that fit into the palm of your hand

and easily hidden in a pocket. The public is urged to report any individuals importing or using these

devices to steal card data to the police.




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CARD SKIMMING WITH ATM MOUNTED DEVICES

Between 2007 to September 2014, 237 ATM mounted skimming devices were recovered by the banking

industry and law enforcement. During January to September 2014, a total of 49 devices were recovered.

Retrieved ATM mounted skimming devices (2007 to 2014)

ATM mounted skimming devices were retrieved in four provinces. Gauteng had the highest number

retrieved (32), followed by the Western Cape (13), Mpumalanga (3) and Free State (1).

ATM clients are encouraged to be on the lookout for foreign objects attached to ATMs and are urged to

always conceal their PIN when transacting.

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

2

2009 9

2010 36

2011 53

2012 43

2013 44

2014 49

2007 1

2008




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WHAT DOES AN ATM MOUNTED SKIMMING DEVICE LOOK LIKE?

This device is difficult to recognise as it is manufactured to match the look and feel of the ATM. Always

inspect the ATM machine and cover the PIN pad with your free hand when entering your PIN.




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Lost and/or Stolen credit card fraud increased by 64% from R31.7m in 2013 to R52.2m in 2014 and the

fraud losses accounted for 11% of the total gross fraud losses on credit cards. The majority (79%) of the

fraud losses occurred inside South Africa.

Lost and/or Stolen debit card fraud increased by 420% from R7.9m in 2013 to R41.2m in 2014 and the fraud

losses accounted for 33% of the total gross fraud losses on credit cards. Almost all (99%) of the fraud losses

occurred inside South Africa.

LOST AND/OR STOLEN CARD FRAUD

Lost and/or Stolen credit card fraud (Jan - Sept 2006 to 2014)

MILLIONS

R0 R20 R40 R60 R80 R100 R120

2006 R66.2

2007 R117.5

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

R117.5

R52.2

R65.7

R25.8

R18.3

R15.6

R31.7




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Lost and/or Stolen debit card fraud (Jan - Sept 2011 to 2014)

Changes in business processes to accommodate Chip & PIN cards, have resulted in criminals reverting to

older modus operandi such as shoulder surfing and card swopping. The increase in Lost and/or Stolen

card fraud in South Africa is similar to the card fraud trends seen in the UK. It is crucial for bank clients to

not be distracted when transacting at ATMs and under no circumstances must assistance be accepted

from anybody whilst using an ATM.

MILLIONS

R0 R5 R10 R15 R20 R25 R30 R35 R40 R45

2011 R7.1

2012 R6.7

2013 R7.9

2014 R41.2




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ACCOUNT TAKEOVER CREDIT CARD FRAUD

Account Takeover credit card fraud (Jan - Sept 2006 to 2014)

Credit card fraud losses associated with Account Takeover fraud decreased by 75% (from R2.2m in 2013 to

R544 000 in 2014). Account Takeover fraud accounted for 0.1% of the overall credit card losses.

0 0.5 1 1.5 2.0 2.5

MILLIONS

2006 R0.3

2007 R0.4

2008 R1.6

2009 R0.6

2010 R0.2

2011 R0.7

2012 R1.0

2013 R2.2

2014 R0.5




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NOT RECEIVED ISSUED CREDIT CARD FRAUD (NRI)

Not Received Issued credit card fraud (Jan - Sept 2006 to 2014)

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

MILLIONS

2006 R4.2

2007 R5.1

2008 R10.4

2009 R8.8

2010 R1.7

2011 R1.3

R0.52012

2013 R0.7

2014 R3.8




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Not Received Issued (NRI) card fraud losses increased by 427%, from R730 000 in 2013 to R3.8m in 2014.

Credit card fraud losses associated with NRI cards accounted for 1% of the overall credit card losses.

Although the percentage increase is high, the associated loss is still relatively low.

Banks are continuously improving processes in respect of card collections and PIN activation. Customers

are urged to respond quickly to calls to collect replacement cards. It is also very important that bank

customers alert the bank if replacement cards were not received within a reasonable time.




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IMPORTANT TIPS TO AVOID BECOMING A VICTIM

OF CARD FRAUD

DOS

If you think the ATM is faulty, cancel the transaction immediately and report the fault to your bank and

transact at another ATM.

Be cautious of strangers offering help as they could be trying to distract you in order to get your card

or PIN.

If you are disturbed or interfered with whilst transacting at the ATM, your card could be skimmed by

being removed and replaced back into the ATM without your knowledge. Cancel the transaction and

immediately report the incident using your Banks Stop Card Toll free number which is displayed on

the ATM or on the back of your bank card.

Choose familiar and well-lit ATMs where you are visible and safe to transact.

Know what your ATM looks like so that you are able to identify any foreign objects attached to it.

If your card is retained, do not leave the ATM before you have cancelled your card by calling your

banks call centre using your own mobile phone.

Shield the hand that is typing your PIN number so that nobody can see your PIN number.

Never let the card out of your sight when making payments and if possible insert the card into the

Point of Sale device yourself.

Always ensure that the card you receive out of the ATM is your own.

If you have debit, cheque and credit cards, dont choose the same PIN for all of them so that if you lose

one, the others will still be safe.




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Keep your transaction slips and check them against your statement to spot any suspicious

transactions which must be queried with your bank immediately.

Check the Rand value of the transaction on the screen before entering your PIN and authorizing the

transaction. Note the value must be reflected in Rands. If not, stop the transaction and contact your

bank immediately

If possible change your PIN as often as possible

DONTS

Do not ask anyone to assist you at the ATM, not even the security guard or a bank official. Rather go

inside the bank for help.

Never force your card into the slot as it might have been tampered with.

Do not insert your card if the screen layout is not familiar to you and looks like the ATM may have been

tampered with.

Never write your PIN on your card.

Never write your PIN on paper and store it in the same location as your card




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INDUSTRY MEASURES TO PREVENT CARD FRAUD

PROTECTION OF CLIENT DATA

South African banks subscribe to PCI DSS standards as set by MasterCard, Visa, as well as local legislation

to protect client information inclusive of card data. Banks also urge clients to become PCI aware as data

security is of utmost importance.

IMPROVEMENT OF INTERNAL SYSTEMS AND PROCESSESSA banks are continuously investing in new technologies to assist with the detection, prevention and

reduction of bank card fraud.

Crime trends are followed closely and adjustments to monitoring systems are made to mitigate associated

risks.

SMS notifications for transactions on card accounts are an effective detection tool and banks encourage

customers to utilise this service.

SHARING OF INFORMATION AND COMBATING OF CARD CRIME

SABRIC provides the industry with an industry view of crime trends, threats and facilitates a collective

approach to the combating of card fraud in partnership with the SA Police Service and the National

Prosecuting Authority, as well as other stakeholders in the fight against crime. Dedicated police reaction

teams were established in provinces where card fraud is most prevalent. This contributed to numerous

arrests and successful prosecutions.

CRIME AWARENESS

SABRIC and the banking industry regularly partner with the media to alert bank clients and merchants to

new modus operandi and provide crime prevention tips to card users.




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Switchboard:+27 11 847 3000Email:[email protected]

Postal Address:

PO Box 3682Halfway House1685

Physical Address:

Sabric House, Hertford Office Park90 Bekker Road cnr Allandale RoadMidrand

Sabric Card Fraud Booklet 2014

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